skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That's why the solitary confinement sentences would be drastically shortened, especially for first-time criminals and non-violent criminals.

My other hypothesis is that people commit crimes for only 2 reasons:

1) They don't think they will get caught. For these types of people, the punishment won't be a deterrent because they believe they will never suffer the consequences. You could literally raise the punishment level to death and it wouldn't affect these people from committing the crime because they don't believe they will get caught.

2) They don't care if they get caught (ie. they don't think or care about the consequences of their actions). This can be split into 2 subgroups: a) They simply don't care about the consequences (ex. acts of passion or they are ignorant to the consequences). b) They think the consequences are "worth" it.

Punishment really only will affect group 2B. The other two groups (1 and 2a) won't be deterred no matter what. So the question really is, how do we optimize deterring group 2B? Solitary confinement, to me, is a more cost-efficient way of increasing the scale exponentially while still not being drastic. Some might say that 90 days in solitary confinement is worse than a few years in jail. If that's true, then it's really cost efficient, and would serve as a cheap, quick deterrent and might prevent recidivism.
Solitary confinement means absolutely no social interaction at all. Also, sometimes, no light, books, or anything to engage your mind -- it's pretty close to torture.

The alternative is not just "locked in with another inmate." Inmates can interact with much broader groups at various times of the day, have access to books, hobby items, games, gyms, etc.

So now ask yourself -- would you choose solitary confinement over the alternative?
Original discussion around Datasette's launch back in November 2017:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15691409
Five Things About Deterrence:

1. The certainty of being caught is a vastly more powerful deterrent than the punishment.

Research shows clearly that the chance of being caught is a vastly more effective deterrent than even draconian punishment.

2. Sending an individual convicted of a crime to prison isn’t a very effective way to deter crime.

Prisons are good for punishing criminals and keeping them off the street, but prison sentences (particularly long sentences) are unlikely to deter future crime. Prisons actually may have the opposite effect: Inmates learn more effective crime strategies from each other, and time spent in prison may desensitize many to the threat of future imprisonment.

3. Police deter crime by increasing the perception that criminals will be caught and punished.

The police deter crime when they do things that strengthen a criminal’s perception of the certainty of being caught. Strategies that use the police as “sentinels,” such as hot spots policing, are particularly effective. A criminal’s behavior is more likely to be influenced by seeing a police officer with handcuffs and a radio than by a new law increasing penalties.

4. Increasing the severity of punishment does little to deter crime.

Laws and policies designed to deter crime by focusing mainly on increasing the severity of punishment are ineffective partly because criminals know little about the sanctions for specific crimes.

More severe punishments do not “chasten” individuals convicted of crimes, and prisons may exacerbate recidivism.

See Understanding the Relationship Between Sentencing and Deterrence [1] for additional discussion on prison as an ineffective deterrent.

5. There is no proof that the death penalty deters criminals.

According to the National Academy of Sciences, "Research on the deterrent effect of capital punishment is uninformative about whether capital punishment increases, decreases, or has no effect on homicide rates."

[1] https://nij.gov/five-things/Pages/deterrence.aspx#addenda
Pretty much. All this talk about "technical analysis" is nothing but tea-leaf reading. You're spot on with your roulette example.
I switched to Project Fi as I'm always doing International Roaming. The Fi data is the same cost internationally as domestically. This is a really killer feature if you're on the road a lot.
On EE I’m currently getting unlimited texts/calls and 30GB of data (with roaming in EU and US) for £17.99/month (~$25/month). Makes US prices look crazy.
Couple things I found while optimizing a particular WordPress site

1) https://www.webpagetest.org for analyzing loading times

2) a3 lazy load for lazy-loading images: https://wordpress.org/plugins/a3-lazy-load/

3) autoptimize for combining multiple CSS files: https://wordpress.org/plugins/autoptimize/

More description of what we did at my write-up here: https://hackernoon.com/dont-brake-for-fonts-3-web-performanc...
> I wonder why we can't just have an https-based known-file challenge that works exactly like the http one, but over https, and just accepts whatever cert you throw at it initially.

This method was called HTTPS-01 and was initially discussed at the IETF ACME WG. My recollection is that it was rejected for a reason similar to why TLS-SNI-01 has just been disabled: many hosting providers' practices would designate one customer as the default HTTPS virtual host for all incoming HTTPS requests. Therefore, that customer would be in a position to get a certificate for any other customer on that infrastructure. This problem was easier to notice for HTTPS-01 than the corresponding problem with TLS-SNI-01 (which is that you can upload invalid certificates for names that aren't hosted on the infrastructure at all, and thereby get some shared hosting environments to believe that they're third-party certificates for your own sites that you've imported from elsewhere, while they're actually ACME challenge certificates for a different customer on the same infrastructure).
Even for simple CRUD, I would use laravel. And if it really is simple, use Laravel's Lumen, which is a streamlined version of the framework specifically for API development.

I used to worry about overhead. I stuck with codeigniter for that reason. But in reality, the difference in overhead is indistinguishable even at large scale.

Save yourself developer time and throw a few extra vCPUs at your project. CPUs are WAY cheaper than developer time (even if it's your own unpaid dev time).
> Music is no longer a social movement. Back in the day being a fan of the Clash went far beyond music you were joining a social/political movement, something you believed in. Katy Perry might sing a catchy tune but its all about her personal ego

I don't think the Clash ever had the kind of mainstream success that someone like Katy Perry has. A more appropriate analogue for "back in the day" would be like Andy Gibb or someone.
Been looking forward to this since your keynote at ElixirConf. Love the direction the language is evolving towards, and the emphasis on improving ease of use and better tooling.
Probably never. As a 6P user on Fi since it left beta, it seems to be built to lock you in to the Nexus/Pixel/Google ecosystem.

And if it hasn't changed, the OS supposedly also has to be stock to allow for Fi to work.
I think a voter should have to make the effort to go to the polls on Election Day.

Should I self-flaggelate as I walk to the polls, to make sure I'm really serious about it? Look, I see what you're saying, and agree to a point. But isn't it enough that I research the candidates, and make the most informed selection? I don't see a reason to add additional burdens just to prove my worth. The only reason we "went to the effort" in the past was practicality, and now tradition.

I also think you should have to show ID

There's a sound argument to be made to call this "voter suppression". I'm still not 100% sure I agree with that, but many will make the argument.

Finally Election Day should really be on the weekend.

Man, we can't even agree on that. :-) See, if we're going to have to show up on a certain day, make it a work day. You, my fine employer, are obligated by law to give me X unpaid hours to go perform my service. Make it a big day, make everyone pitch in by letting employees off work, but by golly if we're going to "make the effort", then let's not soften it by doing it on a Saturday.
Are you still planning on releasing an open source version of LogRocket, much like Sentry offers one?
Technically it will work now in many (but not all) ways.
Whoops, typo. Meant $15B
Three's coverage is garbage outside the big cities (and sometimes garbage in them!), and Feel At Home is never 4G.
That may be true of digital computers, but it's not necessarily true of analog ones.
> $15/month for 10GB plus unlimited text/calls

I just don't understand why mobile plans are so expensive in Israel. In India you can get 1.5GB per day plus unlimited text/calls for $6 a month. If I had to speculate, I'd say it has something to do with competition lowering prices.
Canada's voter turnout is only marginally better than the US though: 62% vs 56%. [0]

Honestly, early voting for several weeks before and weekends seems adequate enough. Everyone voting on the same day is absurd. And there's definitely a huge cultural shift needed beyond convenience to get people to vote: the economic incentive just doesn't exist at almost any level of convenience, especially if you're apathetic to the system and don't believe your vote count (which statistically, it doesn't.) People need to see voting as a duty to validate the democracy and the government, and feel compelled enough by that narrative to take the time to vote in federal elections.

[0]: http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/05/15/u-s-voter-tu...
I totally get your point. That's why I don't think we should restrict adult Americans right to vote. But I don't think we should force everyone to vote, especially when most Americans are not very informed about politics.
The cost of the Central Valley segment ALONE is $10 billion.

The total cost SF-LA is $64 billion: https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/01/13/confidential-report-c...
THIS IS AMAZING
I haven't seen a language that didn't have a cycle of "everyone should use it for X" articles. Golang is just having its moment.
Nintendo is making a bunch of weird DIY cardboard toys for the Switch
I used to walk by game shops and imagine landfills overflowing with Guitar Hero controllers and Wii tennis rackets and swords and whatnot.

I dunno if the choice of cardboard is to make it seem approachable, DIY, or cost-cutting, but I appreciate it.
>What's the distinction between 'hearing voices' and just thinking internally to yourself?

When you hear voices, it's just that, you can hear them. It's almost impossible to believe they aren't real, because they sound real. They have that quality of a real sound that nothing imagined ever has, for most people.

And everything in our lives has taught us to trust our senses. If you're crossing a road, if you see/hear no cars coming, you trust that with your life. If you see a car, you trust that. Imagine if one day you couldn't trust that?

I think why auditory hallucinations are particularly misleading/noxious is that with visual hallucinations, like seeing a car when there's none there, the hallucination is there in one spot. With hearing, there's no one spot to focus on - we can't pinpoint and look at the spot in the way we can with sight.

So then the mind tries to make sense of the voices, to be rational about them, taking into account every imaginable hypothesis (except not, unfortunately, that they aren't real)..which gets ever-more-complicated and soon is a 24-hour-a-day job. Ever-more-complicated conspiracy theories have to be built. e.g. I thought people were watching with hidden video cameras in my bedroom - how else to explain what they knew. Unfortunately my voices were all negative! After a year or two I starting taking pills which immediately stopped the voices and I returned from sleepless, shaking, total falling-apart madness to living in the real world.

Sometimes after that I'd faintly hear things and wasn't sure if I was hearing them or imagining them. But now I know that 'heard' voices probably aren't real, so they don't have that power, don't escalate. I guess it's like seeing ghosts. Put a ghost-believer in a scary place at night, they will see/feel something, panic, then probably see/hear a lot more stuff. A sceptic won't get agitated like that. So I guess I learnt to be a 'voice sceptic'. Because it's very difficult and unnatural not to believe what your senses tell you in plain daylight.
Prison cells should be individual, not shared with other inmates. Both from a security perspective and from an ethical perspective. Everyone, even rapists and murderers deserve personal space. But in most of the world I guess this is unrealistic.

The problem with solitary confinement isn't the cell per se, but that you are locked in your cell all day, every day for months (years) on end. The only human contact you have is limited contact with the guards. If you are lucky you get 30 minutes in the yard. Alone. Over time that can drive anyone insane.
Yeah, that would be ideal.

Some of the protocols we talk over(APRS) are ASCII only(which is a bit of point B from above).

Transmissions are also signed at the radio so that they can be authenticated down the line which means that you can't easily change the payload envelope once it leaves the radio.

Our main goal is adoption and talking base64 means that lots of APIs that would take an intermediate server to do the translation aren't needed. This lowers to barrier to use and means we have a larger surface area of use cases.
> Will robot ships be more attractive to pirates?

I'd guess not. They typically attack ships to ransom the crew. No crew, no ransom. No crew to threaten either, and no user-accessible controls.

> What about if they encounter another ship in distress?

Relay the call. They could potentially carry deployable life rafts, retractable ladders, stocked rescue shelters too.
yes sure, I get that. But: I am looking for an alternative, that you can't "mess around" with, the one, that can't be configured to death. I guess "medium" is an obvious choice if you are looking for a log only, but I have no idea how fast their site really is
There is also the question of who benefits from HSR. If you look at the Northeast Regional, it's primarily business travelers looking for a more comfortable way to work while hopping between Boston and DC.

That money could be so much better spent in ways that have an actual impact on lower income people.
A lot.

It's also not a good use of money, as BART has an unusual track gauge, strange engineering decisions, and is operationally and mechanically incompatible with other commonly deployed rail systems. Not to mention, even with BART fulfilling a strange role between an in-city rapid transit and far-exurb commuter rail, extending lines further out from the operating core comes with issues around trainset supply and capacity allocations in congested areas, like the Oakland Wye, the Mission Street Subway, or the Transbay Tube. It's far more likely to "extend" fringes of the system with other modes that can then operate independently, like the eBART [1], ACE, or the Capitol Corridor, or even a bus line.

Extending the BART entirely around the western side of the bay won't happen, disproportionately due to the city of Atherton [2]. It's also silly, considering Caltrain fulfills a very similar role in transit to what BART would bring to the table, along the identical corridor.

I once wrote [3][4] about why the geography of the current transit options in the Bay are unfortunate, and single mode of transit completing the entire circle would do little to alleviate the problem that so much of transit around the Bay is already around this circle.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/eBART
[2] http://sfist.com/2016/07/11/atherton_wealthy_will_still_mayb...
[3] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12282756#12283335 [4] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14277421#14278045
USN-3534-1: GNU C Library vulnerabilities
I'm a trackball fan, but trackballs and mice have different properties that make them suitable for different tasks. Mice are better than trackballs at fine motion and precise movement. Trying to get pixel-perfect movement (say, in a drawing program) with a trackball can be frustrating.

But trackballs have the following advantages over mice:
1. You don't need as much desk space, since the trackball doesn't move about.
2. The trackball stays where you put it so you can find it quickly without having to look.
3. Because the trackball doesn't move about, the cable can be arranged so that it doesn't get in the way.
4. Clicking the buttons on a trackball never accidentally nudges the pointer.
5. Trackballs are faster for big pointer movements, as you can spin the ball in the right direction and then brake it when the pointer gets close to its destination.
6. When a mouse user comes over to your desk and tries to use the trackball they will find it trickier than they expect, and they will have to hand control back to you.
The claim is at least a billion people a year ride the train each year.

http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/chinas-rail-ambitions-run-a...

Where is the volume?
Cool, I'll take a look. There are always exceptions to the extreme norm, of course.
Apple, Google buses rerouted on Peninsula after apparent shooting damage windows
I suspect you would bottleneck on the PCIe bus before you saw improvement. GPUs usually aren't great at problems where you have a huge stream of data to work with and not a huge amount of processing needed per byte.

If your data is already in GPU memory for some reason then yeah, it's going to blast through the data at an insane rate, but getting it there in the first place is the problem.
Perhaps you're confusing simply having your own cell with solitary confinement. The latter implies zero or nearly zero contact with any humans, and seems to have severe psychological effects.
I've heard 'piquant' (from French) being used for spicy in the red pepper sense. It sounds pretentious but maybe it'll be more mainstream some day.
I feel like the whole "being locked in a building for a couple years" thing is already a huge deterrent.

Because of that alone, it's likely you'll lose your job, your house, almost all your possessions.

I feel like most stuff on top of that doesn't really change the calculus too much, because even being locked in the nicest prison in the world is not great for an average person.

(Rich people it's a bit different because they have the resources to handle this)
Sure, it does fix some of the annoying things in Java, as do most languages from the last ten years. But it does also make radical moves away from it - the narrative that you could easily port any Kotlin codebase to vanilla Java becomes a complete myth once you start using delegation or async/await. From my perspective Kotlin tries to have it both ways and ends up achieving neither: it's different enough from Java that you have to treat it as a whole new language, but the lack of usable result types or structured/safe ways to do things like JSON serialization makes it looks painfully limited next to Scala. Indeed by lacking any practical way to safely report errors with information (it's missing checked exceptions but doesn't have practical result types either, because there's no "do notation"-like syntax - the "elvis operator" and friends only work with null, not with errors that carry information), in an important respect it's a regression from Java.
May I ask what did you do to get punished with 3 years in solitary confinement?
It's total isolation from any humans. And often from light, fresh air, exercise, and possibly even reading materials.

Just you, and your mind, for a long time.

I'm an introvert, and I work from home. I've noticed, though, that I tend to feel a bit....off, if I've had zero social contact in a given day or set of days. Doesn't have to be much, even buying something at a shop is enough.

I can't imagine going for months and years on end.
I have never seen an SLA pay out anything more than a small multiple of the hosting cost which still of course doesn't amount to a hill of beans for essentially anyone. Have you?
Assuming they keep it open, this could really go places.
Is this a managed hadoop/hive cluster with some sort of field heuristics baked in? Looks cool and very useful for a certain set of users.
I remember that as a kid in general King county (many of the suburbs of Seattle).

However it's still not enough.

* More bins for more specific TYPES of plastic
* Better, machine readable, (BIG) labels
* Financial incentives (carrot and stick)

I'll elaborate more on that last point. Restaurants should be encouraged to create takeout packaging that is more easily recycled and/or composted. Similarly wrappers, boxes, cups and packets should have a per unit tax for non-environmentally friendly units.

There should also be a push towards the use of glass and metal and paper over plastics. Sturdy glass bottles can be cleaned, thermal blast smoothed and re-used or broken down and recycled completely. Similarly metal lids and cans can also attain a new life with ease.
Playing Doom with Deep Reinforcement Learning
I admit I am pretty uninterested in ever watching video on a phone screen. But I use tons of navigation, streaming music, etc on my phone, and rarely exceed a couple of gigs. Because it's on wifi at home and at work.
By denouncing absolutism, you are being absolutist yourself ;-)

Okay, so if the absense of State would prove to work for the majority of people (which seems to be your criterion), you would support a State-free society?
if you have crew, you also have crew supporting things such as: kitchens, sleeping areas, gathering areas, rescue boats, toilets, etc. All of those could add more space for cargo.

I also imagine not having to load up food, supplies, etc would also save time/effort. You could also go as slow as you want (saving fuel) depending on your cargo..
Or Craigslist 'Free Stuff'.
In which case, you may be surprised how fast RAM can be today.

A stick of 3200MHz DDR4 RAM has roughly 25.6 GB/s of bandwidth. You'll need to slightly overclock the memory controller to get there, but it wouldn't be insane. There are 4600MHz sticks of RAM btw (https://www.tweaktown.com/reviews/8432/corsair-vengeance-lpx...), so 3200MHz+ is kind of "typical" now, despite requiring the overclock.

The cheapest systems are dual channel, giving 51.2 GB/s of bandwidth to main-memory. Some higher-end workstations are quad-channel for 102.4 GB/s of bandwidth.

Your total RAM bandwidth per say... 4GHz clock is ~12.5 bytes/clock on dual-channel and ~25 bytes/clock on quad-channel.

Divide it further into 4-cores (on dual-channel case) and 8-cores (on quad-channel processors) we're looking at ~3-bytes main-memory bandwidth per clock per core.

A lot slower than L2 cache for sure, but not nearly as bad as it seems. So you're right, ~3 bytes per clock is still slower than the base64 implementation (which is 5-bytes per clock), but the bottleneck isn't nearly that bad. Especially if "other cores" aren't hitting the memory controller so hard.
The boxes are known as 'meal kits' in the sector.

At http://infinite-food.com/ we are developing vending machine like robotic service locations with fully automated hot meal preparation and packaging capabilities. Obviously efficient storage is a big concern so we have been doing exactly this sort of analysis to optimize our supply chain. Because every meal is custom made, dietary restrictions or preferences are easily handled.

PS. First external round late this year, hint hint :)
Ethanol makes perfect electoral sense: Democrats get to pass "green" legislation which their base likes while Republicans get to give subsides to farmers, one of their main constituents.