skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There is some truth in the fact that until we have support for signed code on the web - and a way to check that whoever signed can be trusted, we only have "level 1" security.

In FxOS we used code signing to grant access to more powerful apis. I think that something like what the Dat project is doing could be interesting in this regard, or web packages as described in https://github.com/WICG/webpackage/blob/master/explainer.md
Like any othet SaaS product, you're paying for management, which is valuable.
For those who do not know what ECMP means, I found this blog post helpful: https://blog.talentica.com/2016/12/09/hash-based-ecmp-load-b...

tl;dr -- ECMP means Equal Cost Multi-Path
I am absolutely sure that the weather actively attracts homeless individuals, some of whom travel long distances while homeless to take advantage of the dry, temperate weather in some parts of California.
I have been deep-diving into graphql lately, as it seems like it very completely fixes the client-side N+1 query problem (you can specify everything, including children of children in hierarchical data, that you'll need to render a page in a single fetch request), and the return-to-rpc feel of mutations is also kind of nice after feeling a bit over-constrained by REST conventions for some edge-case mutation actions.

That said, when I looked last postgraphile didn't handle has many and belongs to many relationships out of the box. I do this a lot, with a mostly-standard pattern of naming and so on, with a join table in postgres. This lets me do stuff like "sort this list by the timestamp of when the member of the community was added" (which is an extra column in the join table because it belongs to the relationship between the two entities and not either entity in particular), or put other (often role-based) metadata on a relationship - the community_profile_membership table has a level column noting whether the member is also a moderator, for example.

So far, I've been building stuff manually using apollo tools and with facebook's dataloader library to reduce the number of queries needed to fulfill the request (most common query scenarios end up with three total queries, one for the root object, one for the relationships, and one to inflate the relationship values). Naturally, this could be fewer if I took postgraphile's approach.

Are there plans for building hmabtm style relationships into postgraphile?
I think his comment was tongue in cheek. The stats might look higher without immigrants, but that doesn't mean the problem is solved.
I'm not saying the organization exists in anarchy -- we completely agree there.

I'm suggesting that a corrupt state, which cannot prevent the rise of a counter-state power like the cartels, and the evolution of anarcho-capitalism are similar.

The flaw I see with AC is that once the private police force and the private court system in an anarcho-capitalist state combine, there is nothing to prevent them from coercing the organization's will on all around. This is a de facto state. Given that this state may not have primacy, other groups may oppose -- civil war in a supposedly stateless society.

My thought here is that the cartel is the counter-state to Mexico, a state-in-waiting/hierarchical body capable of providing similar "services" that the state typically provides -- defense, mission-definition, communication access, as so on. Whether or not the people under their thumb agreed to this transfer of power is not really necessary to consider, as it is the circumstances at play.

Anyhow, my two cents.
That really depends on the application, who has access to the keys, how they learn about the keys etc. There isn't a one size fits all solution and that's kinda why eventually consistency is a pain in the ass.

The "I want strong consistency but have to use S3 because its the cheapest way to store stuff and its great at serving reads and just otherwise great" option is to maintain an external index that maps between persistent ids (e.g. file paths) and S3 keys. We use this for hosting user content at my company. Our index is in MS SQL of all things ;)

The MVP option is to not to delete stuff. :) This can work well in some scenarios (e.g. you want to keep all versions around anyway) but be careful to not dig a hole that's hard to get out of.

A more esoteric option is lifecycle based cleanup. This can work well for things like a build artifact cache (where an expired key isn't a big deal because you can regenerate it.)

Some of this is discussed in this blog post by Netflix: https://medium.com/netflix-techblog/s3mper-consistency-in-th... (caveat: s3mper is dead(?) and there is an AWS-native solution for HDFS now.)
> probably a typo on the poster's side.

Yep, blaming this typo on a severe undercaffeination.

> Politically speaking, we are living in dark times even if aviation is super safe.

The interesting question is: given the political climate (and especially the President's habit of "getting rid of rules"), how long will aviation stay super safe?
Ants lead to a trail of risky investments (2008)
Providers get a decent slice, specially big hospitals and specialists.

Doctor pay is really high in the US and its very regulated. Its expensive to be a doctor (long schooling, expensive mal praxis insurance), license ceilings, state-licensing and effective banning of doctor importation.

Doctors get a decent share of the cost (1/10 i read somewhere), buts its still not the bulk. Nevertheless, just allowing doctors to come in and have unlimited licensing would hit costs a lot.
immigrants via a loose border? or immigrants that arrived legally? Or immigrants that just came from other states? What does native mean in this context?
Yups. Nice one!
Last I looked for postgraphile, they suggest you hand all that off to row-level authorization mechanisms, which admittedly got a lot more performant in postgres 10.
This is clickbait. Unless models are invariant to adversarial examples in SQuAD such as those described here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1707.07328, models doing really well on SQuAD doesn't mean a ton.
With a large contingent of the population believing that government is the problem rather than the solution, infrastructure investment by the government becomes a very contentious proposition even if it makes financial sense.
> When light travels from one place to another, it always takes the path of least time.

Refraction is seen in other kinds of waves and media, like sound or even waves on the surface of a liquid (which refract when traversing from a deeper to shallower place).

Is this "least time" principle true for all kinds of waves, or just light?
ding ding ding. These ones take most of the share.

It is quite incredible that the U.S., the symbol of freedom, can't freely import drugs from abroad. Considering the rampant use of pharma specially, dropping the costs 1/2 of meds would lower the cost of healthcare overnight by an enormous amount.
Because the US would destroy Mexico. Remember Panama?

Hell my own country tried to fully legalise cannabis in the 90s and it did not go down well.
>"Having read hacker news for years, I remember a lot of comments from angry Americans who were offended by Europeans mocking them about their broadband prices, and telling them that they were being screwed by big American telcos who formed an monopolising alliance artificially keeping prices up"

Firstly in general people don't like to be mocked.

"A lot" of comments? Really? By a lot you mean a small handful?

Lastly the idea that Americans especially those who read HN would be even remotely unaware that they were being screwed by their well-known telecom duopoly is patently absurd. I'm pretty sure no HN reader ever needed someone from Europe to tell them they were being "screwed" by Big Telecom.
I disagree, that definitely sounds like something that could have been added. It is very probable whoever had the joy of holding the legacy code support bag after all the transitions had no idea this existed in it.
sounds like crypto needs a bank lol
A key difference: Most Western corporate entities aren't physically dismembering their competition. Even in the early days of modern capitalism (late 1800s), that wasn't a thing.
How to Start a Business: A Step-By-Step Guide
The impact of taxes depends on how much you have to begin with. Would you kill to have both that laborer's tax rate and that laborer's wages?
I live in a rural town in New Mexico of about 10,000 people. We get 50 megabit symmetrical fiber from the local co-op for about $60 a month. I think the fiber was funded by a USDA grant.

One of the nice things is not having to deal with big-co customer service like Verizon or Comcast. You call up and you get a real person who lives in your town.
Well, as a question fairly on topic:

Has anyone successfully used CockroachDB in production?

As it seems to be the only viable alternative to spanner at the moment.
Ask HN: Flagging comments – Has it been removed globally or just for me?
The reason why the welfare spend per capita went down might be because people without the means to pay for the high living costs move away, while we got more high-paying jobs. A snapshot of more recent U.S. Census migration numbers shows that nearly three-quarters of those who have left California for other states since 2007 earn less than $50k a year.
I'm getting to be a bit of a broken record on this, but here goes:

blockchain can automate the trusted third party. A records clerk in the land registry office who must be trusted to not alter a document no matter the bribe can be replaced by an algorithm. So can a person counting ballots. Or a bank paying me money to pool my savings into an investment fund. Or an NGO guaranteeing that my donation reaches the people in need.

Trusted third parties aren't seen as an industry because they're typically seen as the cost of doing business - That cost is about to drop precipitously.
I would add to this by saying that AWS Aurora "looks" the most similar to Spanner by being a transparent scale-out relational database with strongly-consistent transactionality, but it doesn't seem to be designed for geo-replication.
Yes it would. "No first use" means you have to be DAMN sure you're retaliating, rather than responding to a glitch. That requires time to confirm that, indeed, missiles are incoming, rather than just "some instruments in a secure bunker somewhere say some missiles are incoming".
If you like this bit of history, you might be interested in the story of how Morocco gradually built a series of huge and immensely long sand walls to progressively shut out the indigenous Saharawi people from increasing portions of Western Sahara after Morocco seized the territory in the wake of Spain’s pullout from this former colony. [1]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moroccan_Western_Sahara_Wall
You may want to try out KOReader. It is an open-source "ebook reader application supporting PDF, DjVu, EPUB, FB2 and many more formats, running on Kindle, Kobo, PocketBook, Ubuntu Touch and Android devices". https://github.com/koreader/koreader

I haven't tried it, as I'm reasonably happy with my Kobo Aura 2nd Ed running the first-party software, so I'm not certain that it replaces the firmware on your device, or supplements it.
There has to be a demand for all of that cocaine. If they flood the black market with cocaine the value would drop and so would their profits per kilo.
Nothing about this has anything to do with the Chinese government specifically. This was introduced by Nortel, then perpetuated by IBM, then eventually discovered by Lenovo.
> How would the US possibly strengthen the Mexican Government though, barring massive investment?

Not creating uncertainty by constantly threatening to pull out of NAFTA would be a good start. Helping to strengthen Mexico's economy was once a mainstream republican position seen to mutually benefit both countries. [1]

[1] Excerpt on illegal immigrants from Regan/Bush 1980 primary debate: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsmgPp_nlok
Haha, yeah - it's not like there could be i-hate-trump-vodka.com... or... something...
Serious question: Why does hackernews seem to be biased towards BTC over BCH?

In my opinion, any honest examination of the tradeoffs between block size, orphan block rate, cost to run a non-mining node (which do not contribute to network security except indirectly via serving SPV wallets), and mining fees, will show that a 1-1.7MB block size limit is just too low for current tx volumes.

The current BTC network is unusable due to the massive fees. Even worse, those who actually used the currency (sorry, I mean store of value?) get penalized for having so many UTXOs. UTXOs directly increase the size in bytes of the transaction, increasing the fees you pay.

I've paid probably an average of $30 fees over the last 2 months, with the highest fee being $100 on a $4000 transaction (fee is related to size in bytes, not dollar value transmitted, I'm giving those numbers just to show how ridiculous it is)

EDIT: Also worth mentioning that the Coinbase CEO does not like blockstream because they censored Brian Armstrong (the CEO) for supporting BIP 101. Bitcoin Core has used a lot of heavy handed and very sketchy tactics to wrest control of the ecosystem in Satoshi's absence. They view themselves as the sole guardians of "consensus".
California does not have the highest poverty rate in the USA
What usually happens is that nursery faculties sometimes share a few lectures with medicine faculties, for things like biochemistry, biophysics.

It is not examples that one finds online, rather on corridors and schedule notes.

What I can provide as an example is that nurses and doctors have equal access to many master and PhDs. Check "condições de acesso" in some of the links from the page and you will find "enfermagem" as accepted degree.

http://www.uc.pt/fmuc/gabineteestudoavancados/formacaoposgra...
Doctors mostly work on a similar principle: "I will take whatever comes through that door and then fill out the billing the hospital requests, which will be further worked out by the hospital, and hopefully I get paid after a month or so."
That’s one reason Bitcoin won’t “go to the moon.” Real currency represents a claim on current production in the economy. If Bitcoin were to continue its exponential price rise, we would have a situation where the people who amassed Bitcoins early could claim wildly disproportionate amounts of the current wealth of society.

There is simply no reason wealth holders are going to turn over real wealth to folks who happened to get in early to Bitcoin.

This reflects that Bitcoin is not real currency. It’s a digital token, with artificial scarcity. Since the core protocol has remained relatively secure, it allows it to serve as a pure commodity for the purpose of market speculation.

That’s the only thing driving the increase in price. Exponential gains (in dollar price) cannot continue. Therefore, the speculative motivation will leave the market. Probably the price will fall very soon.

Once the price resets to a lower price point,speculative demand could pick up again.

I suspect that there is massive, almost indefinite amount of demand for this type of speculative gambling. So, unless government steps in, we will see this constant, churning rise and fall distributed between the population of digital tokens suitable for this purpose.

You can see that attempts by early crypto coin holders to “cash out” and lay claim to their nomitive wealth in the real world, in any significant amount, hasten the “break” in the speculative mania cycle.

I’ve called the top here for Bitcoin, I don’t think it will break $20k.

People active in Bitcoin find this hard to believe, but as an example from “meat space,” the price of Beanie Babies never climbed after its big crash. (My to the shock of these “beanie bag” holders, I presume.)
> Let's query all phones with activity showing X among men in this geography and find ourselves a suspect.

Afaik this technically impossible with Apple Health at this point.

> Many people with limited funds for expensive lawyers will plea bargain for 2 years

Plea bargains rarely (if ever) happen in the Netherlands, and I suspect they don't in Germany either. The reasoning behind this is probably that when the state sues they should go for justice, not victory. Plea bargains may incentivize strong arming, bluffing tactics and money politics that don't belong in a court room.
Isn't DynamoDB more in the direction of Google Cloud Bigtable/Datastore though?

If I'm right with this, then this is basically stating: "yeah, aws also has a high scale database offering" but it's not really comparable anyhow.
Theres a few reasons for it. In France's case, it's for centralization and the enforcement of Parisian norms over, say, the local culture of Brittany.

There's a less malign version in Iceland, which basically just makes sure that it's possible to use someone's name grammatically in Icelandic.
> The best usages of S3 I've seen are designed to only use the one major form of strong-consistency that S3 guarantees: if you write a key that has never been written to or read from, and then do a read, it will always work.

The same applies to OpenStack Swift, a similar, but self-hosted product. Like S3, when it comes to the CAP rule, they choose availability and partition tolerance.

Source: I'm running Swift clusters at work, and developing applications on top of it for customers and internal use.
I just got the Google Home Max. It sounds better than the Google Home, but not as good as I'd expected. I'm tempted to send it back and replace it with a Home Mini and a regular set of home stereo speakers.
I read that as "either have a flamethrower on the faucet..." and was trying to figure out why heating the water locally made sense and why the alternative was a level meter.
Isnt now the time to discuss that history
> Any recent manipulations ? especially in 2017 end ?

Personal guess: none needed. The massive value drop right before Christmas was IMHO a combination of Christmas shopping (people cashed out their new riches to surprise their loved ones) and the end of FY2017 (tax gaming).

[disclosure: owning ~500€ in BTC, did not sell/buy during that period]
Well, it goes both ways: EK, being essentially a monopsony customer, is also in a great place to squeeze more concessions from Airbus. That's why the two sides are currently engaged in a game of chicken, with EK pulling what seemed like a done deal at the last Dubai airshow ("too expensive, lower your price!") and Airbus now making rumbling noises about cancelling production entirely ("price is too low, no plane for you!").
Also note that a minimum of 3 nodes is recommended for production environments. So it's $2000/month at least to get started.
Those market depth numbers are probably thinner than they seem, there is no regulation of spoofing/layering and it would be instructive to look at the cancellation rate of passive orders originally placed deep in the book when market price subsequently approaches the resting limit price.

Of course if you want to move larger amounts there are specialized OTC markets that handle large block trades, e.g. Cumberland Mining. Of course the lit exchanges are important for price discovery.

It would be interesting to compare the BTC market depth as a percentage of market value to other exchange traded assets.
OpenAI: Fitting larger networks into memory
Smuggling is just transporting stuff against the law. The salt marchers smuggled salt once they took it. I'm not sure what's "except" about your description. Both protests were about unreasonable restrictions on trade meant to enrich the British at the expense of their colonies. The main difference is that you don't need tea to live, so the Tea Act was somewhat less oppressive.
"The suspect - identified by a hair found at the scene of the crime - refused to provide police with the PIN code to his phone so investigating officers turned to an unnamed cyber-forensics firm in Munich, which broke into the device."

Really interested in knowing how they got in (and what model of iPhone it was.)
> When I didn't have medical insurance, doctors charged me twice what they charged the insurance companies.

You've identified the symptom but misattributed the cause. You ran afoul of the charge master system of billing, which is a byproduct of our insurance-based healthcare system and the laws which uphold it. In short, providers are "forced" to set their base rates high in the knowledge that insurance companies (their most significant revenue source) will negotiate a fraction of the posted rate. Meanwhile, federal law enforces (under very stiff penalty) that individuals cannot negotiate nor be given a discount from the base rate.

You are also correct to identify the inherent information imbalance in the doctor/patient economic exchange: you as the patient will never know for certain if the recommended course of treatment is appropriate. Realistically only a doctor has enough information to tackle that question. In a cash-based system you are indeed susceptible to abuses.

(In fact, this is one of the main arguments against concierge or "executive" medicine: they will frequently throw in wasteful and dangerous tests like full body scans which have absolutely no justification in medical science.)

But by the same token, insurance company incentives aren't aligned in your interest either, so there are even more abuses on that side.

I believe a single-payer system is the best compromise -- the government's incentives are best aligned to improve the health of the populace (securing a healthy workforce) at the least cost. ("Least cost?!", I can hear the scoffs as I type.) Only government systems have enough scope and lifetime to realize the long-horizon payoffs of preventive healthcare, and cannot so easily escape their failures (the way insurance companies could with lifetime caps). Many people are surprised to learn that Medicare is at least on par in terms of efficiency and above par in terms of patient outcomes and satisfaction.
The problem is that the coin that is provably burned isn't scarce unless the network has reached consensus in the first place, and doing a provable burn of something non-scarce is non-sensical. Doing a provable burn on a fork of the Bitcoin chain is irrelevant, as nothing is lost, which means it requires already-existing consensus in order to be effective.

It's the same with proof-of-stake: it purports to use a chain's own coin -- as opposed to energy -- as the scarce commodity that is consumed in order to reach consensus. But coins on a chain are only scarce if only one chain exists, which means proof-of-stake relies on pre-existing consensus in order to reach consensus.

In general, what Bitcoin solves through proof-of-work is actually making a digital token scarce in the first place (by reaching consensus on a single, valid chain). After this, a lot of cool stuff becomes possible, but you can't make use of this cool stuff until consensus has been reached, which means you can't use it to reach consensus.
"...a Byzantine quorum system with 20 nodes would be more decentralized than Bitcoin or Ethereum with significantly fewer resource costs. Of course, the design of a quorum protocol that provides open participation, while fairly selecting 20 nodes to sequence transactions, is non-trivial."

That's exactly what the Stellar Consensus Protocol (SCP) is: https://www.stellar.org/papers/stellar-consensus-protocol.pd...

(Full disclosure: I work at Stellar)
It probably no longer makes sense to use AVRs instead of ARMs (or MIPS or whatever) for cost reasons, but there are still a lot of things out there that use them for backward-compatibility reasons — most notably most Arduinos — and lots of people are still doing active development for those things, and probably will be until the mid-2020s, if not later. People are still building new 8051-based systems, for heaven's sake, although not using discrete 8051 chips.