skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> the Foundations of Mathematics should give a precise deﬁnition of what a mathematical statement is and what a mathematical proof is.

I don't see a difference between precise definition and mathematical statement in this context, so your question would be paradox. Is it wrong to ask though? I think higher logic is supposed to deal with these types of paradoxes. Your question, if taken rhetorical, is a statement about mathematical statements, a metapher.

The in/-completeness theorems show that higher order logics like that are either inconsistent or incomplete. So a theory like you are asking for, is ab ever growing set of proofs that can't fit in a single book. Taken with a sense of philosophy in mind, a book can only be an introduction to think further.

I was glad to read at least the intro to Univalent foundations mentioned in a previous comment. Russels paradox defies a set of all sets in first order logic. FOL is otherwise said to be complete, by the way, a fact often overlooked when talking about the related liars paradox. I was pleasently surprised to read that they just avoid the paradox by embedding theory into theory (Universes, tbh). To me that means we can't draw elemens from an arch-set, but have to build facts from the ground up.
Humans have solved many seemingly intractable problems related to economic growth on the local and national level, such as smog, acid rain and the pollution of water sources. And at least have indefinitely delayed many man-made problems on the global level, like a thermonuclear war and racially-defined empires.

Will we have to adapt and possibly vacate large parts of the world? Yes. Will we have to look into hydroponics for seafood and other luxuries we have today? Possibly. But let's not give up hope. Negativity can lead to lack of action and there are millions, if not billions of lives at stake, and those of endangered species or large mammals for those who think there are already too many humans on this planet already. Canada, Alaska and land in developed countries in northern climates are well-positioned for climate change relative to other parts of the world. Maybe we could look at protecting vast swathes of open land, such as the Alaska National Wildlife Refuge or parkland in the western United States. There's incremental things everyone can do that make a huge difference.
It's because real estate inflation is considered a profit, while most other kinds of price inflation are considered a cost.

The "logic" of that argument betrays some interesting biases.

Of course if you privilege an asset class it will appreciate in value. This has nothing to do with conventional mechanisms of supply and demand, and everything to do with systemic political bias that rewards the ownership of certain privileged asset classes, while forcing the rest of the population to pay economic tribute to those who own those assets.
Pen and paper in a good old fashioned steel cabinet (you can get those with some nice solid wood enclosing as well) require actual physical access to read.

However, side channels exist. If you write classified information on a correspondence pad, then the pad itself becomes a classified item, too. Obviously.
Google Scholar: some of the most cited reasearchers [updated August 2017]
People here basically end up discussing the gist of the title rather than the article when this happens.
Celebrities aren't using twitter in a way that they read replies so it only matters in a box checking sort of way.
It does seem to have become a bit of a meme, someone says free speech and a line of replies show up with variations of "That only applies to blah blah".

It would be nice if instead there was a discussion about the intrinsic value of free speech in society, and how the open marketplace of ideas has a pretty impressive track record.
If you live paycheck to paycheck, then you have the same amount of money at the end of the year as you did at the beginning.

Does that mean you didn't participate in the economy?
Without his tweets, we'd only know about how crazy and unbalanced he is via the "biased" and "corrupt" and "failing" media... with Twitter, we get to see it directly from his keyboard, thus leading to better debate about his fitness to serve.

P.S. Loved the Full page NY Times ad of his tweets - https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Cviq5rBWYAQeh56.jpg

That being said, it's a double standard, most ordinary people would have been banned before they tweeted half-way down the first column of what's in that ad...
2018 Makyaj Trendleri Ve Moda Renkler İlkbahar/Yaz 2018 Makyaj Modası
That's a very roundabout way of saying they won't ban Donald Trump because he's keeping Twitter relevant.
The very first impression after I land at any US airport is - why everything is so inefficient and of such a low quality? Roads, hotel rooms, transportation, food - everything looks inferior to what you see in an average European country. But still, US has higher GDP. Strange.
Skylab's Untimely Fate
Thank you, that was a succinct explanation of the difference between AMD/Intel and the order of speculation and protected memory access check for the Meltdown attack, and makes it easier to understand:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meltdown_(security_vulnerabili...

I see now why the Spectre attack is so serious (reading out of bounds within the same process memory). I feel like there may be ways to catch unallocated memory access similarly to how protected memory works. But, that wouldn't help reads from allocated memory in runtime environments like for Javascript (where separate scripts in the same process space aren't meant to see each other's data). This is clearer to me now:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectre_(security_vulnerabilit...

Going forward, we may have to assume that security is only possible with true process isolation. For example this might put pressure on OSs to fix their slow context switching implementations to encourage the use of processes instead of threads. Beyond that, I can't see any easy way to fix the situation and am highly skeptical of things like compiler fixes, because there will likely always be another way to abuse various instructions to read outside memory boundaries.
I'm not going to subscribe so I can read one article every month or two. If WSJ wants to ignore the long tail of potential readers that's their right, but we shouldn't be condoning it by posting links here on HN.
Spectre (and maybe Meltdown, I'm not sure?) can be done in a browser with javascript.

Imagine if a random bad advertisement or injected script on a popular website could silently steal all of your stored session information for other sites.
As for choosing random 3D directions with various distributions (and more), the Global Illumination Compendium [1] has a lot of useful formulas.

[1] https://people.cs.kuleuven.be/~philip.dutre/GI/
I'm a BSD nvi user, so no vim for me. I do apparently have access to cscope database from w/i nvi, but my finger muscle memory wrt (ex)ctags support gets me a long way (perhaps I could do better w/ cscope? Something to look into.)

I'm not sure how to parse your last question -- rephrase ?
In Twitter's position, I'd be concerned that my platform would be used for evil in a society where the population is particularly susceptible to propaganda. I wouldn't want to help a modern day Hitler get his message out "on my dollar."

Twitter isn't trying to maintain free speech on their platform with this ruling on world leaders, as they have removed and censored plenty of users before at the request of governments or because of rule/TOS violations, etc.

They're probably just keeping trump because it puts them in the spotlight and gets them a ton of money, thinking its for "free speech" is extremely idealistic imo
Well, even if nobody else seeds you're still no worse off than you would be with just an HTTP server. At present the main incentive is generosity, which works pretty well for a lot of things; for example a lot of people started pinning the Turkish Wikipedia mirror when it was announced purely as a stand against censorship. In addition, you can also pay a pinning service. In the longer run the IPFS developers are also working on Filecoin, which is a cryptocurrency that adds a payments layer on top of IPFS so you can pay to have someone else serve your content.
I've devoted my professional life to understanding how animals work. It's been the most interesting and challenging topic to study that I can imagine. Science and art knows a lot about what animals do, and a little about how they do it.

Your opening statement

> We are the only mammal with consciousness

is rather controversial, and has been for at least a couple of thousand years. Whether it's true or not is one of the great questions humanity has ever considered. We aren't even sure whether the question is meaningful. Everyone sort of understands what it's getting at, but there is no definition of consciousness that is widely agreed upon. As comments by others have said, for almost all human behaviours once considered exclusive to humans we have found animal behaviours that look very similar.

So, my faithful commentary on your blithely confident statement that ignores the existence of any debate on this topic is: uh huh.
I blocked Trump on Twitter a long time ago for my own sanity. It's understandable that Twitter won't ban him, but that doesn't mean we have to read what he tweets.
This webpage just shows a loading spinner with JS disabled. And after the recent bugs I intend to keep noscript on for some time.

EDIT: Just saying, if you link to a main page... Make it accessible. Most serious privacy advocates probably have JS disabled by default.
Because you can't easily get away with several million documents in your trenchcoat.

A data breach would be catastrophic for us. We lose less money this way.
Right, so in the baker example, there is some value exchanged, checking out the competition.

The costs of transactions serve as a check on meaningless loops of transaction. And all transactions have a cost; even if it's not monetary it is a time based one.

With the case of parents watching the others' child for the night, now that work has been valued at some amount of money, and presumably the $20 is a better valuation than the $0 that you get for watching your own child. And in this case, the practicality is that since the transaction is under the table, it does not get added to GDP.

So yes, GDP can fail this way, but it's the same type of failure as activities that are not captured by GDP: individuals derive value that doesn't match the economic transfer.

I would posit that these looped transactions represent a tiny fraction of GDP in practice. Whereas the 0-dollar "transactions" where there is value represent a huge amount of potential potential GDP, if that value were put in dollar terms. There are so many examples of 0-dollar value transactions with value, such as the case of family-based childcare, or just good solid friendship, or getting physically assaulted (negative value, 0 dollar exchange). I don't pay others for friendship, but I do pay for opera. I don't pay people to not get physically assaulted. I think these are far stronger and real examples of how GDP is broken. Transaction loops may be a problem in simplified theory of economics, but in practice I can't see them as being anywhere as big of a problem as the non-dollar values that we have.
Who gets keys to the cabinet? How do you know they haven't been duplicated?

What if there is a fire? Do you keep a copy of the files somewhere? How do you control access to those?
My problem with the discussion of free speech as a societal issue and not a governance one is that free speech will be an effect of a more fundamental shift in society, namely thoughtful consideration of another's talking points.

If you want free speech, you must foster a society in which it can exist without being exploited to coerce masses of people to think in the way you want them to by deceptive means.

So in this way, crying free speech in the streets is useless until people start preventing themselves from falling under the corrosive spells of populists.
So the question becomes, why didn't anyone discover it?
Well, that's because physics has a model. Biology has nearly no model at all, so people first look for features at the data, and then verify those empirically.

It' actually the obvious thing to do.
> If you're on a work trip, or any work event you don't make advances on your colleagues and you definitely don't make sexual jokes.

Different cultures are different. Sex isn't inherently evil or even taboo. Military guys hit each other in the balls on a regular basis.

The only absolute here is that you shouldn't continue some behavior you know is unwelcome. It's entirely possible Franken was abiding by this rule.
For developers who truly care about anonymity, is relying on the server to strip out personal information really a good idea?

If I were that paranoid, I feel like I'd greatly prefer a tool that strips everything out on the client, then establishes a connection to your site via a Tor hidden service which then publishes the PR.

Another concern; isn't this a potential avenue for spam? How long before someone submits a bunch of spam PRs through the service and gets your Gitmask user account banned on GitHub as a result?
Cool! Did you try using tensorflow's eager execution?
How do other databases such as MS-SQL handle this?
I'll be honest I'm don't really think the hashtag was written with that much thought in mind. It seems to be more a reaction to people being told "I don't believe you" when they claim someone has assaulted them. I agree it's unclear, and reading the responses is a mixed bag. #MeToo was more direct and obvious what it was about, however I don't think it's a huge mental jump to realize that "Assume the accused is guilty" isn't a nuanced conclusion and is frankly untenable as a policy.
Is eating poop supposed to be the analog of government expenditures? Something that is not really wanted by the market but bought and paid for anyway? Many critiques of GDP I've seen lament the fact that (taxes) government spending is included.

*Note to the downvoters, I'm ignoring the more obvious interpretation that three other commenters have already mentioned, that someone actually wanted to watch someone else eat poop. For the sake of interestingness I'm proposing a different meaning.
Do you?

Can a business that runs on pen and paper compete in 2018? Have you included lost revenue due to inefficiency?
You still hold copyright even if you don't disclose. It becomes unenforcible, though.
> What happens when you run into a site that won’t accept your algorithmic generated passwords?

You maintain a public file that has metadata that is meaningless to an attacker. Metadata such as min/max length restrictions, etc.
> Without his tweets, we'd only know about how crazy and unbalanced he is via

...video of (or live attendance at) his speeches, and via the actual concrete actions he undertakes in government.
That may be true, but so does other form of spending, like funding space programs or just funding scientific research directly.
It is backed by the fact there is plenty of demand for it. The demand comes from the fact that people need to attain bank credit to pay off their debts to the banks.

This is very evident when you think of how banks used to work: they would actually issue paper notes denominated in the desired unit of account (the national currency). To pay back your debts (or else suffer the consequences), you had to acquire and return the notes to the bank. That generated demand for the notes. People who were not banks would start accepting the notes because of the demand.

Then banks decided they could make money by accepting notes from other banks as payment (for a fee). At the end of the day, banks would exchange and retire notes collected this way.
re: most banks
Corporate B.S. Generator
Not necessarily. The relationship to packets is pretty thin. Pipeline mode just avoids the wait after each command before beginning the next, the same thing SMTP can do.
I suspect the downvotes are because the comment is pretty light on substance as well as being a tired meme. HN members typically value good, substantive, constructive comments and try to keep the signal to noise ratio up as best they can.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Volkswagen and Hyundai both plan to deploy self-driving taxis by 2021
Regarding your childcare example: while in theory interesting, it is not a good real world example, I definitely don’t think “the same amount of work is done”

- we need to transfer to our locations, this will cost money and time

- who takes care of the children in the meantime?

- watching someone else’s kids is quite a task, if they’re not yours chances are very high it won’t be smooth

So, chances are quite high that the amount of work will be quite different than watching your own kids
You can enforce type checks by writing your own.

LISP is rather extensible. People have written Haskell-like type systems for LISP with compile-time checks.
Looks like it's already fixed.

"Timeline ======== 09-28-17 - Vulnerability reported to AMD Security Team. 12-07-17 - Fix is ready. Vendor works on a rollout to affected partners. 01-03-18 - Public disclosure due to 90 day disclosure deadline."
I thought the ST line was all about GEM.

If you're looking for an ST, they pop up from time to time on Goodwill's auction site.
This is a fantastic documentary, and extremely sobering.
>I'm not really sure how I can prove that the code I'm running is the code you'll find on GH though.

I think this attestation is something Amazon (and other cloud providers) could offer in the future - they're the only ones who can really prove it.

"I, Amazon AWS, do solemnly declare that the code running on {service} is {git hash}"
It's great if you want to run something like "Here's a bunch of SET operations. Do them and get back to me when they're all finished."
You get literally the exact same set of problems with computers, plus all problems computers bring to the table for free.
>with Twitter, we get to see it directly from his keyboard, thus leading to better debate about his fitness to serve.

Yeah but, that didn't stop him from getting elected in the first place, if anything it made him more endearing to his base.
That is a wordy way to say that national wealth is a stock and GDP is a flow. How does it relate to the criticism of GDP at hand?
"Pro-Administration propaganda organ?" Before the election, it was a useful propaganda organ. A decade from now, I think it will be seen as a record of the thoughts of a senile old man who somehow became the leader of a large and powerful nation.
But market-based economics doesn't distinguish between those cases. If it's more immediately profitable to speculate, then speculation happens. If it's more immediately profitable to build apartments for the super-rich then apartments for the super-rich will be built. (And there will probably be a bubble in which the apartments remain empty "for investment", followed by a price crash, as numerous cities have discovered.)

What will not happen is affordable housing for the majority of the population.

Simplistic monetary analyses are incredibly bad at estimating social value, and even worse at maximising the returns from network effects that become possible when you allow for the benefits of wider wealth distribution.
I actually agree that with the second part of your initial comment in that a private company can enforce the rules of speech that it sees fit.

What I was getting at, is that there seems to be this knee-jerk reaction recently where when someone mentions freedom of speech and a private platform in the same sentence, it's like a trope that lets people say "a-ha! this isn't a freedom of speech issue as it's not government, disregard all of this!".

It seems that people treat freedom of speech solely like a legal doctrine, when it's a broad concept that has legal implications in jurisdictions worldwide. I guess it's fair to say that the conversation will always sway towards what legal protections are offered or infringed, but that shouldn't prevent us talking about how private companies and individuals choose to explore it.
I felt as a I typed it that "unfair" wasn't the word I was looking for, but that's about all the investment I made in it. Something like "rounding error taken in aggregate", but your wording clarifies well.

Honestly, I don't bump into the 90s sitcom gay guy much, so that strikes me as inaccurate first, but I also don't have much experience with these infamous bros to know how wrong that is either.

Now I'm wondering if my inability to see these bros makes me likely to be one, like a trout thinking "what fish, dude? all I see are my friends"
Yes.

Want my job?
These CVE's have been exploitable for a long time. This is the first open discovery of this golden key to every single computer, everywhere .. but there has been ample time for this to have been catastrophic.

If Intel were open about yes, even the microcode, maybe we would've seen this issue sooner - more openly. What we have is paltry in comparison to the way it would be if, in a Stallman universe, software was 100% open, always.
Well, I wouldn't say type theory is superior.

Real numbers can actually be logically constructed as sets. So yes, Pi is a set.

For example, you can define the set of real numbers as the set of equivalent classes of rational cauchy sequences.

In order words, Pi is a set of rational cauchy sequences that are equivalent (this set is infinite).

In simple (non formal) words: Pi is the set of sequences of rational numbers that get closer and closer to the numerical value of Pi.

>>>> Is 3 an element of pi? If pi truly is a set

Pi being a set doesn't mean that it is a set of real numbers. In fact, that would be illogical (recursive). If Pi is a set, it must be a set of things that are not real numbers. So it is not logical to ask if 3 is an element of Pi. You can ask if 3 is equal to Pi, in which case the answer is no.
> Before the election, it was a useful propaganda organ.

It's always before an election.
Because unfortunately people don't take kindly to critique around here.
Wouldn't not including government expenditures make GDP a worse metric? They are the largest spender in every country and I don't see why it should matter who is buying something for GDP purposes