skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
We put a lot of consideration into this. Basically, we could let you elide types everywhere, but didn't. There's a few reasons why, and they're sorta inter-related.

If you let type signatures be inferred, then you can get very poor errors. This happens when you change some code in the body, that changes the type signature of the function, which then causes an error to happen where the function is used. This misdirects from the source of the error, rather than helping you figure out what goes wrong.

Conceptually, signatures are the place where contracts are enforced, especially in Rust. Everything about a function should be expressed in its signature, so that way we can do analysis based on only the signatures. This helps in a few different ways: it's faster for the compiler, and it's also easier for the human reading it.

The bodies of functions, however, aren't exposed to the greater world. With a defined signature, the compiler can give you great error messages, pointing exactly to where you made a mistake. In this case, inference makes sense.

It's not just about convenience though. You can see this in languages like C++, which optionally support type deduction (but not full inference):

auto a = 1 + 2;
int a = 1 + 2;

With auto, the type is deduced. Without auto, you specify the type.

There are various arguments that range between "never auto unless you have to" and "always auto".

Consider this example https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6900459/the-new-keyword-...

SomeType<OtherType>::SomeOtherType * pObject = new SomeType<OtherType>::SomeOtherType();

auto pObject = new SomeType<OtherType>::SomeOtherType();

Here, auto improves readability, because you end up just repeating the type over again. This was my main frustration with Java's generics back in the day. (I primarily used Java in the 1.4 ~ 1.5 era, I know today's is a very different beast!)

This is directly related to the parent post; some might say "explicit is better than implicit" but in my opinion, while that's often true, implicit is better than explicit sometimes. The above is a great example. The post is all about trying to tease out better words to talk about these differences.
I want to have the right to feel safe knowing that random people around me won't be carrying weapons made for the sole purpose of killing people.

"The government" - that's supposed to be the way we organize ourselves and stand up together to above things we believe in as a nation. While that's not always working well talking about it as if its given that it's a malevolent, suppressive regime is only going to make things worse. The US finally needs to do its wild West mentality and arrive on the 21st century with the rest of the civilized world.
Do you actually have ADHD?

> I've used it to get ahead in software for the past ~8 years

No, you don't. At least not from how you are describing your use. You don't take this medication to get ahead. You take this medication to get to an even playing field. To get some control over your life.

So yes, if you are abusing drugs, don't. That's generally good advice.

Don't abuse drugs.
Bringing The Web Up To Speed With WebAssembly

https://github.com/WebAssembly/spec/blob/master/papers/pldi2...
How can it be that companies can pump chemicals into the environment and call them "trade secrets"? I remember when fracking came up it was the same. They were pumping a ton of stuff into the ground but refused to say what it was.

At a minimum they should be required to disclose what they are using.
Any neural network can probably be gamed by people that really want to get around it.
I'm really, really tired of being forced to be a subject in these health experiments.
11: if your company doesnt have cold storage backups at that point, its just begging to get their day ruined.

12. this doesn't get solved with paper copies because the workers still won't know what needs to be done because at least half of the documents will be digital. They will at most be able to organize their paper copies, which is something which wouldn't be necessary if they'd gone digital-only.

your plane ticket/boarding pass mention is also flawed. You will eventually get into trouble if you have a single point of failure. It doesn't matter if its a paper or a phone on which the data is stored.
A paper can get damaged or lost just as well as a phone's battery can die at an inopportune time. Thankfully, you're not limited to a single copy nowadays. Its easy to a. print the ticket for security and b. use the app for check-in
I think tech is hard to predict because it's more about economic and human factors rather than the actual difficulty of research. New tech doesn't truly change the world until it hits mass market.
The laws around e-bikes in the US can be a deterrent.
E.g.: [The Murky Legality of E-Bikes](https://www.citylab.com/equity/2016/02/the-murky-legality-of...)

The second paragraph gives you the flavor of it:

> Under federal law, an electric bike with a maximum assisted speed under 20 miles per hour can be sold as a bicycle, not a motor vehicle. Under New York state law, riders would need to register these as they would a motorcycle, moped, or car. But there’s no clear way to register them. Because of this regulatory patchwork, e-bikes are legal to sell as bikes anywhere in the U.S. but effectively illegal to ride in New York, since they can’t be registered as motor vehicles.
Yup, the brakes is definitely the limiting factor currently, but other parts of the bike have held up surprisingly well. I didn't really know anything about bikes before starting this, so it was a cheap way to learn. I figured I can always upgrade the parts over time if needed. I had set a max budget of $1500 for the initial purchase and had to make tradeoff somewhere.
Hope UK has 100% GSM coverage, otherwise you have to set up brand new GSM cell to read meters from a remote village, which is 1000-10000 times more expensive than LPWAN base station with active signal amplifier and/or relay station. Pulled a feat like that in Siberia just two days ago)
The software that you are open sourcing, is it software that allows you to access the back-end or are you actually releasing software that could allow someone else to start his own cloud service?
This looks like an interesting approach. Perhaps there's a better, universal way to do it:

Nuseti mountain bike features a sealed drivetrain - New Atlas

https://newatlas.com/nuseti-inner-drive-system-mountain-bike...
Bearing faces? Most bikes have sealed bearings these days, so there's no need to overhaul your bearings after riding in the rain. The chain and cogs need some cleaning and lube, but modern dry chain lube also makes that much less onerous.
It wasn’t that housewives didn’t want a completed cake. They didn’t want to use a mix that only required water because it didn’t feel like they actually made a cake. Adding the egg made it feel like more care went into it.
Again, if you want to coast, collect grade inflated Bs and Cs, you can do without much rigor. If you want As and are ambitious, you have to master both CS and related math. Publish or perish is terrible, I agree; if you focus only on super hard high risk problems that might advance humanity, you'll get kicked out of university in no time. And as a professor, 90% of your time will be spent on chasing grants.
TIL creating a GitHub repo is a project launch.
There’s a lot of great material to learn statistics on the Internet. I have several resources on a github repo:

https://github.com/melling/MathAndScienceNotes/tree/master/s...

I did a little write-up on my blog:

https://h4labs.wordpress.com/2017/12/30/learning-probability...
Exactly. Outsourcing calculations to the rest of the universe is via such experiments is a better alternative
I did some work on making Array Mapped Tries cache efficient here: https://sinusoid.es/misc/immer/immer-icfp17.pdf

I am also exploring Hash Array Mapped Tries. CHAMP is a good start at making them cache efficient: https://michael.steindorfer.name/publications/oopsla15.pdf

I agree that the complexity of implementing these data-structures is annoying.

One interesting insight though is that Array Mapped Tried addressing works mostly like page table hierarchies for virtual memory addressing. I think there is a lot of value in providing Array Mapped Trie based core construct at language runtime level.

It is not an easy data-structured to be programmed ad-hoc. Clojure did a huge service to the world by using these as their default data-structure and showing their value to the world, all with a convenient and nice syntax. I think there is interesting new oportinities and research lines to use them at other levels between the OS and language runtime for concurrency and immutability centric languages...
Same for 20% chance of rain. People are surprised when it actually rains.
Reminds me of this line from Aesop Rock's song No Regrets.

And she stopped-
"Lucy, after all this, you're just giving in today??"
She said:
"I'm not giving in, I'm finished, " and walked away
> My third favorite thing is that I can get to work in basically the same amount of time as driving. On my E-Bike, it takes 22 minutes to get to work (7.5 miles). It takes me 15 minutes to drive there.

I live about 6 miles from where I work in Los Angeles. I ride my bike (not an E-bike) in three or four times a week. It takes me 25 minutes on average. By contrast, it takes me at least 35 minutes to drive, not including time to park and walk to the office.

I ride on neighborhood roads most of the way for safety, I have to do some personal cleanup when I get there and Los Angeles is particularly bad where traffic is concerned. With all that in mind, it's still worth considering for others in a similar situation.
PHP/FI Version 2.0 Documentation
Those movies came out around 30 years ago. The first one came out while Reagan was president. We don’t really make mainstream movies like that anymore.
I wonder if there are people who abuse this to reduce their bill or to run up someone else's bill.
Well, it seems your average American doesn't even know the difference between Socialism and Communism and on top of that uses "Socialism" entirely wrong all the time.
Somebody should strap on some machine learning to this. It would be so much more effective - and probably funnier! Spamnesty ICO / kickstarter maybe?
> Michael Neu, who is neither Nigerian nor a prince

Hold on ABC, we'll see what a jury of peers thinks of His Serenity.
Did you read the article? This perspective is covered quite well, I think.
GSM network can be used to aggregate data from cheaper devices near by. Putting GSM into every device is somewhat silly.

But well, there is always a "preference" to solutions offered by certain companies no matter the cost.
And you will most likely be able to do all of that and more with apps like google tilt brush. I'm guessing you don't know what it actually is, so i'll leave a link here

https://www.tiltbrush.com/

Its amazing what humans were/are able to do with paper though. It just won't be as relevant as technology advances.
It doesn't take brain damage. Everyone is very good at filtering information to match what they already believe. And once it becomes known you believe something, good grief you'll never back down.
> $200 piece of cast-iron junk.

He used an alu bike...

mechanical disc brakes worked for a decade before hydraulics.
If you have voting and subreddits you’d just end up with a community that only upvotes what they think is the best child porn (ie: Reddit’s jailbait subreddits)
I'd rather be unnecessarily tasered vs being unnecessarily shot at
> Most of these web services made quite a lot of interesting innovations and such but I can't help but wonder what the web would've been like if we'd stayed true to its roots and improved the protocols and infrastructure instead of centralizing everything behind walled gardens.

In my view, we should let academia develop the protocols, and let companies deliver the basic tools (such as hardware). This makes sure that innovation happens in a way that people find useful (not serving advertisement/shareholder goals), and also keeps data out of the hands of companies (because universities will develop federated protocols to keep data safe, and companies actually have no business looking into our data).

This would be a quite bit like how the internet worked in the old days (with universities and government agencies running the internet, and companies providing the hardware).
This isn't enforced in New York. Every delivery guy in the city is now riding an e-bike. They're a menace. Their bikes weigh a ton and they occasionally utilize the sidewalks. I had a friend who was knocked to the ground by one.
Ask HN: Request for educational products?
It's been said time and time again that education hasn't seen a lot of technological advancement, so I want to Ask HN, what are some solutions you wish were built in the upcoming year? (Doesn't have to be concrete answers, even just defining pain points is good!)
As several have pointed out this is click bait, I carry forks on occasion and never carry out on doing anything with it.

Let's say that wasn't the case and people were more serious and less casual, a failure rate of around 90% is pretty much expected for a newer technology. New business start up failure rates are around that number.
The difference is very pronounced in the kind of weapons we have, though - the average Norwegian gun is a 12 gauge shotgun or a 6.5x55 rifle. Handguns are strictly regulated - in order to obtain one, you need to have a clean record, be an active member in good standing of a gun club - and you can only carry your weapon - dismantled - between your home and the shooting range; keeping it in, say, the glove compartment is likely to result in a fine and having your gun licence revoked.

For deer during hunting season, though, Norway is a place best avoided.
At one time, police in the U.S. were trained that to shoot to kill-- only. If the officer discharged the weapon at all, she emptied the magazine and aimed to kill. No warning shots, no shots to disable, that would be against training.

Thus confusion, inattention, or misunderstanding in the face of commands from a self-identified officer easily can be a lethal situation.
It's interesting, I love ebooks readers for the same reason: I can highlight passages of the books, write notes, create as many bookmarks as I want and I can review and manage everything from the software perspective without having to wonder "Am I missing any note I made...?".
I apologize my wording made it appear I was abusing drugs, I don't condone that. In fact I'm the opposite: I microdosed Adderall. 5mg a day for the longest time, then bumped up to 10mg. My doctors over the years pushed me to take more but I always said no. Instead I would take breaks and let tolerance die down before resuming.

I first got a prescription when I found I would rather spend 2-3 hours of my work day staring at a wall than work on a tedious task (literally, I did this). I was either hyper focused on a task and spent all day and night on it, or would rather be left with my thoughts.

I went home many days wondering what was wrong with me and waited every day to hear the news I was fired. I eventually went to a doctor around the age of 20 and he said, without a doubt, I have severe ADHD.

I have found other ways to cope with the condition. Many already shared in this very thread what has worked for me: no sugar, exercise, plenty of sleep, and a tinge of coffee. Even when on small doses of Adderall, if I had more than a handful of Oreos, I would have to go home because work is impossible. This actually happened! I know it's hard for people without ADHD to understand. It's not about willpower, it was an impossibility for me to work.
AFAIK the best evidence is for NMDA antagonists reversing tolerance. In fact magnesium is a a NMDA antagonist, but it a very weak one. I have read about people using memantine or something more potent to reverse tolerance, but I would be very wary about using potent NMDA antagonists regularly given what we know about them.
Facebook Is Deleting Accounts at the Direction of the US and Israeli Governments
Can you point me to some of the Tony Robbins stuff that is good for this in particular? I find myself worrying more and more about losing what I am gaining.
I highly recommend people give this paper a read. I think it points the way to a radical redesign of fundamental parts of the system stack over the next 5-10 years. If you work in systems and you aren’t thinking about this stuff, you’re about to be lapped.

The Case for Learned Index Structures:

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1712.01208v1.pdf
At least in this case yes. For us the past participle would simply be "learned"
>I know, why even bother with a trial? We've all read the news accounts, let's string him up!

They have the weapon he fired, police body cam footage, the bullet, and the fact that there was no weapon on the victim, which means the cop did not see a weapon. So he just fired because the guy put his hands down and then obeyed commands to put them back up, which last I heard was not on the list of causes for justifiable homicide. This wasn’t a “mistake that anyone could make”. You don’t shoot guns at people unless they have a gun and are about to shoot at you, even if you happen to wear a badge.

So yes, tossing him in jail and for a long time seems like the appropriate outcome in light of the evidence.
I still think the opportunity cost of not having a car is greater than whatever you pay to make it instantly available, should you want to take that trip during poor weather, or sufficient distance to make the ebike non applicable.

Unless you are content with the daily patterns that are constraint by the range of your e-bike.
I'm no expert, but every criticism I've ever seen of people's attempts at perpetual motion always seem to involve the fact that some part will wear out eventually. Such as "magnets will lose their pull over time" or "friction will eventually wear down this gear."

I don't think those are valid criticisms of the machines. They are perpetual motion machines, not perpetual no-maintenance machines.
I have taken Adderalls twice in my life for longer periods of time, and both times it was no problem to stop. I stop taking it cold turkey, I feel a bit shitty for a week, and then its fine. If anything, it feels less addictive then caffine, which has worse physiological symptoms.
Then it should say that in the title
Most of the books I own will crumble to dust in 100 years, I understand. That said, so will most data formats.
I don't grok e-bikes. I like them and I'd like to get one but I just don't know how I will manage the charging. I am livinig in a big city and have no garage and no wall socket in front of my street door. And 100% of all destinations I ride to don't have wall sockets for charging neither.

So, I would need to carry every time the heavy battery upstairs (3 floors)? I am anyway always full-loaded with bags or whatever and don't want to carry every-time this stupid battery as well.

Then, the really beautiful e-bikes have an integrated battery in the frame, a bit like the iPhones. How should this now work?? I carry the 17-20kg bike upstairs every time?

Ok, only if you have a house with a garage in some suburb you can ride those bikes but then you are usually so far way from the city center that you need a car again.

As a final note: These bikes are so much heavier (17kg and up) and I am wondering if it's that much more effort to ride a light 10kg bike without any electrical motor.

So, I am really curious about the real use case of e-bikes.

Edit: Why the downvote?
He's just a terrible speaker. The topic is well chosen and I'm certain the transcript will read very well. The presentation is bad though, Stross is not an engaging speaker, he's just reading what he prepared and that no a good way to keep people engaged and focused for an hour.
The risk of gun violence against police is completely blown out of proportion. Of the reported police gun deaths each year, the overwhelming majority are suicides. The biggest real risk to police in the US is vehicle accidents from driving recklessly. Being a police officer isn’t even in the top 10 most dangerous professions. On the other hand, over a thousand people are killed by police in the US each year without due process.
You can't condemn sample size without also condemning the statistical methodology of an experiment.

"Small sample size thus irrelevant" does not make sense despite often being the top comment on Reddit.
I would expect such country like UK to have 100% GSM coverage (e.g. Poland has 100%) - it is quite densely populated - with 2G it is quite easy considering that the meters are installed usually where people live == need GSM coverage.
Ask HN:GPA for CS masters program
I am in the last year of my CS undergraduate program at a Public R1 research university in the US.
I would like to apply to a masters program but am unsure if I have what it takes to complete the masters. My GPA is at 3.82 right now and I did not have major trouble so far although I had to work hard to get to where I am.

Complicating matters is the fact that I am 35, working full time and have a family.

What were your experiences or anecdotal evidence.
Saying "the US" as a way of lumping in everyone together as if we are all sitting here scheming ways to utilize black people unfairly is pretty disingenuous. It's a lot like saying "The Jews" crucified Jesus. There is no factual content being put forward. It's purely intended to be offensive.
Unless your house has something very valuable, I kind of doubt most thieves would spend this much time plotting to break in.
Oh, I just figured 50cal would leave sufficient overkill factor to cover all situations - after all, I think it would be unfair to require police officers to show lots more restraint using their firearms if they didn't have armour capable of saving them should the situation escalate; after all - if I was given PPE at work which would be sufficient to get me out of 70% of incidents alive, my first (and last!) question would be "Fine, what about the 30% which'll kill me?"
> advertising should not corrode conversation.

> Viva la revolucion!

> www.hellolyra.com/introduction
Study found that 99.9% of ideas in people's heads ended up as "dead projects."
from the text it seems like a cable was different between experiment and the validation process. Thing is, they did a further (bunched) experiment two months later, and there it was wrong again? I have a bit trouble believing that chain of events. Seems more likely to me that someone wasn't careful when checking it in between these experiments.
> i'd be happy to take some photographs for you.

Yes please! You could put them on Imgur. Thanks!
So what? I have an MP3 file on my laptop that I first downloaded in 1999. Who cares if the physical support that encodes it is long gone? It's not like we're going to give up on using computers even if we do keep using paper, so there's no savings there, only extra waste.
Proxy Server rotation script in Python