skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The novelty bar is low by design. An invention needs at most one difference from prior art to be novel. It can be a small difference. But if a patent relies on a small difference for novelty it is likely to be a narrow patent or otherwise easy to design around. Note, non-utility differences, like color or artistic design elements do not count in utility patents.

Non-obviousness is harder prove because multiple references can be combined and there is more room for subjective interpretation or argument. Overcoming obviousness rejections is where patent attorneys earn their money. If the filed specification is well-done, obviousness rejections can almost always be overcome at the expense of narrowing the patent claims.

Further, patents encourage innovation in at least two ways:

The classic view is that they reward inventors by granting them a limited term monopoly in their invention in exchange for public disclosure.

Though I think more innovation is spurred by people designing around existing patents. For example, Amazon's old one-click patents didn't stop the e-commerce industry from innovating. Neither did Priceline's patents on reverse on-line auctions.

Patents protect how someone does something, not what someone does. Two inventions that do the same thing can be patented, as long as how they do it is different. RSA patents only mattered because people wanted to use RSA's crypto. They didn't stop others from making or patenting different kinds of crypto or getting their own patents on novel extensions to RSA's crypto.
It's extremely unlikely that Tup provides a "clean" command. They've expressed a philosophical opposition to it on a few occasions: https://github.com/gittup/tup/issues/120

They're make a really clear distinction between a build system, and a build support system. The "clean" command falls into build support, and the Tup team would argue this is better served with techniques like "git clean -xdf"

The "make clean" command is not perfect. Even if someone writes this make phase correctly, it may break after you sync new makefile changes on a dirty project dir. What do you do in that case?
I don't have anything against him, I think in the iPhone X case he might deservedly be lauding Apple, their phone genuinely seems good. But more to your point, concerning watches I remember that for months on his podcast he was dismissive of the then rumored/speculated Apple Watch form factor altogether, he thought that if anything it would be more like a fitness tracker, and obviously once it became reality he unconditionaly praised the watch and now every new year with equal praise he is saying that the new model should have been the first one... Time passing, more than being biased I think his real issue is that he has become incredibly lazy with his work.
they are both somehow 1BitcoinEaterAddressDontSendf59kuE

dont ask
Part A) That isn't a redefinition.

Wealth is a measure of assets. Assets are, for the most part, rivalrous goods.

Ownership's most fundamental quality is the exclusionary right to prevent others to use or occupy the asset in question. Owning lumber, for instance, has value because it lets you prevent other people from walking off and building their houses with it.

Accordingly wealth is exclusionary by nature.

Part B) You might think that wealth isn't constrained, but it is.

You can't own more lumber than the sum of all of the forests and cut planks in the world. You can't output more human labour than the sum of the population on the planet can provide, and you certainly can't build an object which is composed of more minerals than our race can obtain. Will those limits increase over time? Sure. But that doesn't mean there's no hard top-end limit.

Even if we jump to non-rivalrous goods and you say "but I can create intellectual property at an infinite rate - those rights and assets aren't bound to physical constraints" - you'd be wrong again. The capacity to create and define non-tangible assets susceptible to ownership requires human labour. If you wanted to produce ideas for comic books, for instance, you wouldn't be able to produce a database containing the brainstorming of 10 billion people in a year. Because you don't have 10 billion people on the planet.

So even at your value maximizing best, applying the best possible combinations of resources, labour and opportunities, you still won't be able to create infinite wealth for all asset classes.

If you mean that wealth isn't constrained because you can inflate the value of the denomination it is traded in, that doesn't change the value of the asset itself - that's completely orthogonal.
I'm serious. Do you have first hand knowledge of what you speak, or are you just looking for someone to be angry at?

Also, looking at your comment history, you've literally only ever commented on the misery of the proletariat and related topics, which makes me suspect this is an astroturfing account.
What I learned in my experience with depression is that I was down no matter what. And there was very few things that could make it worse. And I guarantee you what I wrote wouldn't mean a damn thing to me. I would ignore it and move it.

But then one day, it did mean something. And it was valuable. And the last thing I was doing when I was in despair was reading comments online. I was in bed curled up, or worse. Maybe you haven't had experience with severe depression?

Please provide an example of how you think you could protect people in the depths of depression by framing it differently, maybe I am wrong, and more people could be reached by a simple change or additional phrasing.
Signal Handling as PID 1 in a Docker Container / Writing my own init process
In short, it's evolution. Bacteria develop resistance when exposed to antibiotics. They lose their effectiveness.

This will give you a decent overview of antibiotic resistance:

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/antibiotic-resista...

If you like to watch documentaries, Frontline has a few on the topic, though each show is several years old now which is an eon to pathogens

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/hunting-the-nightmar...

(on youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gE4VzFz9PPo )

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/trouble-with-antibio...
> OSS maintainers don't have a unified mechanism to alert packagers of updates.

Gentoo developers have http://euscan.gentooexperimental.org/ . Quite some automation is on the way to come soon.
Interview with Outlier Cofounder Abe Burmeister on Startups, VCs, and Clothing
I know you think you sound smart, but you sound a) deluded b) ignorant c) utterly childish.
This article is pretty devoid of content, and really only mentions that the Apple watch can be used as a constant heart monitor. Big deal, you aren't going to get much information from measuring just your heart beat and knowing next to nothing else of whats going on in the rest of your body too.

The real technological breakthrough will come when we have the ability to measure in real time what is going on in our various organs, such as enzyme production and transportation of molecules, but that's a long way out yet.
Social media is a tool, you can use it to create an echo chamber, or to explore alternative view points and discuss. The key to the later is growing up, and being ready to empathize, even when it's hard or you disagree.
You think installing these products in your home and teaching your children to use them is "unavoidable"?
Can someone please explain. I don't understand.
> In Study 4, I don't see how anyone could draw a "green" association with a lamp, battery, or backpack. All of these products have tradeoffs.

If one lamp uses a high wattage halogen bulb, for example, and another uses LEDs with equivalent lumens, then it is pretty easy to associate "green" with the later. Similar for a one-use battery vs. a rechargeable battery. Similar for a backpack made out of non-sustainable or non-recyclable materials vs. one made from sustainable and recyclable materials.

It sounds like you might be thinking they were asked to choose between a lamp, battery, or backpack, but as described in the article they were asked to choose a lamp, battery AND backpack, with both green and non-green versions of each of these items available:

article> In one study, we threatened the masculinity of male participants by showing them a pink gift card with a floral design and asking them to imagine using the card to purchase three products (lamp, backpack, and batteries). Compared to men shown a standard gift card, threatened men were more likely to choose the non-green rather than green version of each item
Ubuntu 17.10's Laptop Issue Appears to Be Under Control
Devil's advocate: smoking still looks cool.

Have you tried using an app like Forest etc. to avoid using your smart device? I'd like to start blocking off a 2-3 hour period of time every evening where I abstain from so much as handling my phone unless I'm receiving a call.
The market does not say it is "ok". It merely describes, in terms of USD, the amount of electricity and other resources utilized by Bitcoin. The market is amoral.
Which is to say iterated waterfall with stand-up meetings tacked on.
Maybe, but in this case there's an entrenched interest (health care companies) that might want to use medical privacy as a way to keep themselves from being Uber-ized.
That is only because tech is still new with new concepts: privacy, data safety, net-neutrality. All other industries are old.

Regulation takes time and will at some point catch up. Then startups will face the same problems as small business everywhere: to start a new company is almost impossible.

Unless you are already big. Regulation is a very effective barrier for new entries. It helps the market leaders because they can spend time to research, bend, adapt to the law.
Good.

I spent a few years working in a medical IoT startup, and the current state of the "mainstream" medical monitoring technology is not inspiring.

During a brainstorming meeting, I asked one of our cofounders, a physician, to tell me about some of the problems he had seen in health. Don't try and solve it, just lets talk about problems.

He said that by far one of the most common causes for re-hospitalization is congestive heart failure. It's a super common problem, and it's actually really easy to catch (it has strong indicators). When your heart begins to fail, depending on what side of it fails, your body will retain fluid (in the form of blood) in either your heart or your organs. Regardless, you will bloat up, and gain weight quickly.

So if a patient is at risk for CHF, a nurse will monitor their weight every day (or multiple times a day) and watch for spikes. If their weight spikes, a doctor will intervene in whatever way is necessary.

Can you imagine my frustration at hearing this? It's this massive problem with an obvious (CHEAP!! SO FUCKING CHEAP!!) solution.

I spend $30 on a scale from amazon immediately, and about an hour after it arrived I had it connected to an android tablet and broadcasting its readings to a webservice.

We never went to market with that (long story). Please, if you have the means to take something like that and scale it, do so. You could save lives. I'm currently trying. More people should be trying. This stuff is so easy, and the impact that you could have is massive.

Also: please call your grandparents and just talk to them. Ask them how they are feeling. Social isolation (full disclosure: this is what my current project is trying to solve) is probably the area where we as software people could have the biggest impact.
If you want to get promoted, your managers need to approve of you. At the top, sometimes it's the CEO/Owner/Chairman needs to approve of you.

Easiest way is to speak their language. Unfortunately their language is often gibberish. So now all these people in middle management have learned to speak gibberish so they can make more money and get closer to the real money at the top.
Would you mind giving some links to those Toki Pona Telegram groups? I've wanted to learn for a while, and talking with people seems like a good way to do that.
Ask HN: Which cryptocurrency to mine in Jan 2018 with a GTX 1070?
Hello, Insiders say that a GTX 1060 is good enough to start mining for fun so I would like a shot for a week soon after Jan 1, just to understand how it works. WhatToMine.com is a good reference, which one then? I am being directed towards Ripple, IoTA, Steem and Cardano for a punt. Any tip? Thanks!
I enjoyed this article, particularly as someone who tried and failed to complete Kevin Kelly’s “The Inevitable” this year.

If the book had been written in 1996, it would have been cute. Unfortunately it was written/released in 2016; the level of naivety displayed was shocking. Page after page of techno-utopian stream-of-consciousness futurist masterbation, without so much as a fleeting thought given to social or political repercussions.

As a writer, he struck me as either a deeply cynical person, or as someone with no understanding of humanity at all.
Until it hits a downturn.
Food security / safety is a trillion dollar business. There are several early stage efforts to apply blockchain to that problem. As a segment it's almost entirely backwards technologically (the best innovation consumers have seen on that front in 20 years, has been laughably flawed use-by dates).

Fighting imposter products may have extremely valuable applications for blockchain, for example knock-off Gucci bags etc. It'll take years before authoritative systems emerge that dominate that product validation space, but it's probably inevitable that they will.
Hmm, looks like I conflated the AMT and ME. This does make it significantly worse.
I count 12 different articles in the last 24 hours, some of which are duplicates - a known feature of HN. That doesn't seem excessive to me.

Can you be more specific about why you think this is "a flood?"
no it's not, you use a directional antenna or phased arrays and beamforming (which is what they're doing).
If you provide value, people (myself included) will happily pay for it. People who go out of their way to optimize their websites for ad revenue are not among those "providing value" to anyone.

Ads are psychological malware, even when they aren't serving actual malware.

> why so negative?

Probably has something to do with the advertising industry doing everything it possibly can to infiltrate every facet of our lives and ruin everything that was ever good about the internet and the web.
My biggest problem with the idea of a universal language is that it might lead us to understand each other better. This would cause no end of strife and suffering. Suppose it caught on. Imagine the trolling that would happen once anybody could troll anybody else, anywhere in the world!
OS X and case-sensitive file system
Yeah, I actually removed myself from their recruitment pipeline a ways back because I saw the salary calculator. It does not and will not ever make sense to pay talent based on anything other than productivity. Where I choose to live should have no bearing on how much I get paid, ever.
The problem is the location of the vulnerablities: on the CPU itself.

Get pwned in linux? Nuke and pave can usually solve it. The exceptions being BIOSes and hdds/usbs with vulnerable firmwares which can be exploited to restore the malware. However in that case an actor has to target your hardware combination specifically, and there are a plethora of different hdd/usb manufacturers.

Get pwned in ME? No longer your hardware. On top of that it applies to all Intel CPUs, and potentially remotely to Intel AMT CPUs.
Those are some tangible, useful tips. Thank you!
> The transmitter converts electricity into radio frequencies, then beams the energy to nearby devices outfitted with a corresponding receiver.

Just curious, any thoughts on radiation impact to people?
The latest ASIC miners run at about 100W/TH. That means the entire hashing capacity of Bitcoin (15 EH/s) on the most efficient hardware would draw 100,000 kW.

That’s about 80,000 US households of power. Or to put it another way, ~$21 million per month in electricity.

Obviously average mining power efficiency is currently much lower, so this isn’t much more than a thought exercise.

But the point is there are a lot of uses for electricity. The only real problem is if the price of electricity doesn’t actually cover the cost of the externalities of generating it.

In many places, you are paying not only for externalities but also infrastructure upgrades throughout the grid as well as subsidizing low income use, so in that sense Bitcoin is funding these positive programs and investments.

If the electricity is being sold below real market cost, don’t blame Bitcoin (or incandescent bulbs) blame the fucking electrical pricing regulations.
It wasn't simply the morally reprehensible position. It was also the act of impersonation. The bot identified impersonation.
Esperanto has nothing to be ashamed of as regards its history or current use, but if it's being touted as a modern auxlang which should be used more often, there are a number of problems its promoters have to come to grips with.
I tend to polyfill older browsers, Array.from is a pretty small one. Sad thing is at a point where it's probably worth it to have 2-3 builds in place... 1 for legacy browsers, one for modern without modules, and one for modules/import/http2 support.

Just haven't taken the time... at least the main app I work on at work doesn't need to support IE11. Latest Edge,, Firefox, Safari and Chrome ... and Chrome is the primary target.
Why wouldn't it be evil? Without the ability to collect tax the first ones to suffer are the poor who get increasingly deprived of social welfare programs or rejected for loans and fair interest rates by banks who have to increasingly tighten their credit standards. Without the ability to monitor financial transactions black markets run wild and facilitate the exchange of money for illegal goods and services.
Building a Mailbox Editor Using ReactJS and Bootstrap
It matters quite a bit because of the halving. The security of bitcoin essentially relies on the idea that the electicty_cost_per_block/2 * num_conf_needed > tx_value_by_individual_actor.

e.g. if a block costs ~70k USD of electricity and you accept a tx for more than 210k USD after 6 conf then if the sender is a purely self interested actor in a perfect market their rational decision would be to spend a bit more than 210k USD in electricity to mine 7 blocks.

Obviously this is a completely idealized market where you can purchase mining power to fork at will.

But the end result is that the more electricity burned the larger tx you can trust with a lower amount of confirmations. In ~7 years we'll see block rewards drop to ~3 BTC. By that point if we don't have tx fees that compensate then we'll see a large drop in hash rate. If the size of the blocks doesn't increase, the size of a tx decrease or something else we will either see the security drop quite a bit or the cost of a on the chain tx increase dramatically.
Looking at the authors papers it doesn't look worth reading.
Can someone provide a technical tldr. I'm afraid this is over my head, but I'm extremely curious as I understand it's importance.
Focusing on learning more about tech in general, dedicating myself to some coding projects (right now I'm looking at Crafting Interpreters - http://www.craftinginterpreters.com/introduction.html), getting back into music and being more social overall.
Surely git commits are timestamped anyway?
In the titles change, you should add some kind of highlighting, because most changes are minor.

(My favorite: "American Airlines Accidentally Let Too Many Pilots Take Off the Holidays" -> "American Airlines Accidentally Let Too Many Pilots Take the Holidays Off")

The section "Recently deleted posts" should be "Recently killed posts". Also, the number of comments in each post is wrong, many have more than 0 comments.
Social media are optimized for maximum engagement. If people engage more in bubbles, they'll get bubbles. If people engage more by reaching out and exploring beyond their bubbles, the platforms will facilitate that instead. Don't blame the mirror.
If I recall correctly, the 747 was in production for 10 years before it turned a profit. And then it became a huge money-making machine for Boeing.
Show HN: SQLExercise.com create your own online SQL Exercises
I know nothing in text to speech, so maybe my question is stupid, but I've always wondered if somebody tried to produce "natural" sound by modelizing the air through a human mouth+throat+nose, so that your would have the "naturalness" of the voice (especially if you add the dynamics part, like air volume in the lungs that force you to pause, time it takes to reposition the tongue/mouth between two sounds) , or if it's actually more complicated than that/too ressource heavy/too hard to modelize etc.
> the smarter people I know earn good salaries and have nice lifestyles. Nicer than their parents, in most cases, mainly because consumer technology constantly gets better and cheaper.

This is because today's booming companies rely on brain power instead of manpower. What does the future hold for people that aren't smart or born into money? As we continue externalizing intelligence to machines, eventually smart people will start falling victim to the automation trend that killed "dumb" jobs.

As I see it, we really need to increase funding for higher education (including adult retraining) and revamp K-12 to make the most of intelligent people from all socioeconomic backgrounds, while also placing greater emphasis on trade programs and small businesses.

We'd also benefit from tariffs on imported Chinese goods, increasing domestic manufacturing (rather than waiting until free trade equalizes global quality of life).

> I'm really at a loss for what exactly I'm supposed to be feeling outraged about.

Personally, I'm deeply concerned but not outraged... I vote for sound policies and politicians that may avoid the next Great Depression, but I profit when the public votes for more unregulated capitalism.
As someone not in the corporate world, I'd love to see more examples of bullshit speak.

What are some "favorites" from the HN crowd?
> A sociopath has high empathy. Do you want a sociopath as your manager?

You appear to be falling into some logical fallacy here.
Although let's remember that it was that way for the vast majority of human history. It's only in the last 150-200 years that we've had light and sound recording technology.
Method Closures: You Can't Do That in Go
Yeah, nothing's going to happen. Compliance costs are too high for any of Silicon Valley's business models to work.
If there is one industry that needs to be disrupted, that is US's health care industry, it is too expensive.
tool released https://github.com/osssanitizer/osspolice
Ugh, why did they have to use Flash...

https://tls13.mitm.watch/

I know they mention it here:

> It uses Adobe Flash, because that’s the only widespread cross-platform way to get access to raw sockets from a browser.

But there's really no other way???
Yes, I'd rather them blow all their money on yachts. Because then their money would be entering the economy where it would be used to pay for goods and services and employees.

You know what happens to the money when the government taxes an estate?

That money gets put back into the economy in the next calendar year. While it might be good for individuals to have savings, it's better for the economy when money gets spent. The reason that Gary Cohn got so many shrugs when he asked CEOs how many of them would expand businesses with the money from the tax cuts is simple: they hire more people when they have more demand. Making rich people richer or giving rich kids more of their parents' wealth does jack shit for the economy.