skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Indeed. As a male in the US if you make it to 75 you'll live about 11 more years on average. Interestingly though that's only a four year improvement over where it was at in 1900. I think it implies most of those people are pushing the edge of average genetic longevity and that medical tech has struggled to do much for non-super longevity people once you're over that general ~75 threshold. That is, my opinion is the overwhelming majority of the the factor/s that get you from 75 to 100 or more, are genetic (and if you don't have super longevity genes, almost nothing will get you to ~100).
Seems to defeat the purpose of 'from scratch' if all you do is run a script.

I fondly remember building linux from scratch in the early 00's and learning quite a bit about how a system is put together by doing (and troubleshooting) the steps. IIRC bootstrapping the compiler was the trickiest bit since the fedora (or maybe it was still redhat back then) gcc didn't like to play nice with its younger siblings.
I appreciate the effort - but the internet is not the US. I don't think all the international users will be so pleased to be interrupted by nag-screens calling them to action for what, in the end is a domestic issue of the US.
Even without the government's involvement, infrastructure (internet (cables, dishes), transportation (e.g. roads, rails), cell service, sewage, electricity) all has such a massive initial investment that competition just won't naturally happen.

A company has to lay so much fiber or wire to service even a reasonable number of households that the barrier to entry is huge.
Re: "ISPs have not done this in the past"

Here are concrete examples in the US and outside the US of what is likely to happen:

https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/12/att-says-it-neve...

http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2017/1...
Sorry, VPN's require business grade internet starting at 300$/month.

Nothing stops them from throttling VPN connections, or even all encrypted traffic. Read up on The great firewall of China and how it really does stop VPN connections. Further, it's much easier for ISP's to block stuff because the first hop for every connection you make is through them.
You can send it through a secondary query, not in the initial cert, so only if the user looks it up. It should be a supported possibility though. As for what you get out of it, that's okay, have it match meatspace level first, not trying to fix the world.
Can employees reasonably hedge the risk of Uber taking a nose dive by buying put options?
I generally appreciate your commentary and authority on certain topics, but the "I'm right, you're wrong" / "I can't understand this rationale so I'm going to dismiss it" attitude here certainly isn't going to get us anywhere either.

I think we both agree that allowing anyone to invest without an accreditation is probably harmful, however don't you think it's worth discussing/investigating the negative externalities of such an accreditation?
Basically a composite key
I'm not supporting the GP's viewpoint, but I think their point is that we don't have enough information to attribute warming specifically in the Arctic to human causes. I don't know very much about the subject, but given that the Arctic is a fairly large region, I'd be inclined to guess that this viewpoint is still wrong.
These are great suggestions. It would be even better to add a link to greenpizza13's explanation WHY the free internet is so important (for your untechnical facebook friends).

Some years ago Mr. Schwarz died defending the internet, don't let him die twice.
> There's also the fact that agenda-based science (not saying that's what this is) can easily produce an ocean of data, e.g., showing that tobacco doesn't cause lung cancer.
reply

Ah yes, Big Climateology chasing the big bucks by fabricating CO2 measurements.
The NSA (read money is no object) has copper in the windows of its main building to shield them from TEMPEST style hacking.
I made $10,000.

Wow.
"bubble": stocks have been said to be in "bubbles". If a person claims "M-Pesa is [in] a bubble" he would be talking about the market cap of the company, in the same way that "Bitcoin is [in] a bubble" speaks to the market cap of Bitcoin on some exchanges. Quite meaningful, actually.

"environment": Proof of work systems ensure that the ledger is secure and worthy of trust. Proof of Authority systems require trust, where the ledger is secure "because we say so." Isn't this the major reason why people are fleeing from legal tender? People can't trust the issuers, the processors, or the banks because they're colluding with politicians who provide bailouts using taxpayer dollars?

"ICO scam": absolutely makes sense in a centralized system. Are you actually claiming that people don't create scam companies with centralized currencies? Because why? Even legitimate companies can be slandered for the same reasons that people call ICOs "scams". The Franklin Mint, for example, produces coins which are sold on late-night infomercials that have little-to-no intrinsic value, but people buy for speculative reasons. Are they a scam? The reasoning is identical.

"slow/expensive transactions": One of Bitcoins main value propositions is aiding in international transfers. The centralized systems were too slow and expensive, so a better alternative was developed. Saying that speed and expense aren't complaints that people have made about existing centralized systems is simply wrong.

And so on and so forth.
SSL and TLS before 1.3 had a key exchange mode that used RSA encryption, without any DH, DHE, ECDHE, etc [1]. The client would generate a secret, encrypt it to the server's public key (from the certificate) and send that to the server. The server would decrypt it, compute shared secret key and continue.

Being able to decrypt was used to prove server has the private key for the certificate, instead of signature.

RSA was was thus used for both key agreement and authentication.

This of course has the problem of all recorded traffic can be decrypted after you get your hands on the certificate's private key, maybe after the certificate has expired and admins think the key is worthless.

This was known to be a bad idea and was removed from TLS 1.3. Some banks complained, they were told to escrow using ECDHE instead if they had to make the traffic decryptable by someone with a key for some reason.

1 - https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5246#section-8.1.1
Plenty of people care, it's just been an issue for so long many don't even bother to mention it anymore.
You had to be able to login to the Mac first, to be able to login to root.
We have less data going back millennia, but it's their. Now, if your talking 100,000+ year cycles then fine, but you need to demonstrate what makes today different from yesterday on such a scale.

Consider creationist's can request an intermediary fossil from A and C, but if you find B between them they now say their is two missing links A to B and B to C. Repeat as needed.

What specific data do you think is missing, for what time period, to defend what hypothesis, that makes what testable prediction?
Ask HN: How to validate requests with no back end?
I'm a newer programmer who is trying to understand web security.

Say I were to build an IP address lookup API service. I want to make sure that requests come from where they say they do. So I don't want someone to spoof example.com and make a request to my service. Is there a way to do this, without making the real example.com use server side code?
In a certain state in said country, the majority of people are very much not a part of said party, recycle by law, and claim to live with minimal carbon footprint.

They also prefer to buy gas-guzzling SUVs, use millions of gallons of water to maintain lawns in the desert, redirect water to their large population centers to do so, and line up to buy the new iThing each year (tossing out the perfectly good old one in the trash).
Why aren't all of the major tech companies pouring money into a swarm of lobbyists to stop the repealing of net neutrality if they are concerned it will be bad for business?
>Banks in the USA do not allow deposits into accounts without account holder permission.

Definitely not the case in many (most?) banks. I've done this multiple times and never been turned down.
A difficult experience with Autopilot in the mountains of Canada
I've also made my own MacBook stands, but using MakerBeams[0]. After receiving a kit as a gift, I messed around with several small projects and simple things, but I've consistently used the stands since I've built them. Very solid and stable, yet open, and I'm able to use the desk space underneath them for dongles, cables, or whatever. Everything I needed was included in the kit, except for some vinyl endcaps and foam sheet material, both added to protect the macbook and my desk from scratches.

[0] https://www.amazon.com/MakerBeam-Regular-anodized-including-...
That dataset is limited, it’s vast and accurate for around 100 years then the quality and data points drop exponentially the further back you look.

Plenty of people agree that there is not enough data to draw conclusions about such a complex issue. Way to make this political for no reason.
It's most likely to be Fly-specific, but you could replicate this behavior with passing appropriate to tls.Config#GetCertificate (https://golang.org/pkg/crypto/tls/#Config). You could then have something like that :

GetCertificate: func(helloInfo *tls.ClientHelloInfo) (*tls.Certificate, error) {
return myGetCertificateImplementation(checkClientSupportForECDSA(helloInfo))
}

You would see what curves/ciphersuites are supported by the client and check that against what you'd be supporting (if you use LE than that's more than likely going to be ECDSA with P-256). You would then return ECDSA cert (if one exist) for supporting clients and fallback to RSA certs. :boom: :D
Falcon Signatures
This is incorrect. Researchers have sophisticated models backed by large amounts of data which they use to develop predictions. While there is uncertainty in specifics regarding weather patterns, this does not mean that we don't have sufficiently peaked predictions regarding climate to inform policy, especially when we look at predictions of ensembles of models, e.g. https://nca2014.globalchange.gov/highlights/report-findings/....
The solution to this is way easier than blockchain: Just regulate them. Personal credit card fees in the EU are capped at 0.3% and everybody is better off.
In a sparsely provisioned world, IMO usage (caps) is the most sensible way to bill.

(No one wants to pay for a fully provisioned world)
I stand corrected, apologies for spreading incorrect information. Sadly I can't edit my post any more.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFkzJc7kJKc
The article addresses this:

> There’s no precise definition of a near miss. There can’t be. A hard and fast rule doesn’t make sense in the wobbly real world. For now, Kaplan relies on a rule of thumb when looking for new near-miss Johnson solids: “the real, mathematical error inherent in the solid is comparable to the practical error that comes from working with real-world materials and your imperfect hands.” In other words, if you succeed in building an impossible polyhedron—if it’s so close to being possible that you can fudge it—then that polyhedron is a near miss. In other parts of mathematics, a near miss is something that is close enough to surprise or fool you, a mathematical joke or prank.
Honest (FCC) Government Ad – Net Neutrality
I've found manga to generally have more detailed backgrounds than anime. I wouldn't be surprised if that is just a reflection of that.
"spending more to attract more students is simply rational behavior"

Only in a market of irrational actors :)
Big Tobacco never actually had data preventing the link from cancer to tobacco. They simply did not publish their studies and required more data to prove the link, because it 'required more research'. Basically, the same issue people bring up with climate science, while never defining what 'enough data' is other than simply more than we have.
You've been violating the guidelines a whole lot with unsubstantive and/or uncivil comments. Please stop.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Absolutely love this. It's very accurate. I'm saddened by the lack of conversation here.
My sister has a very serious, rare, disease. No companies have incentives to innovate in this field (pharma or whatever).
If a VPN is over port 443 and using TCP, there really wouldn't be any way to know whether it was HTTPS or VPN.
That's an argument for billing customers based on bytes of traffic (as opposed to a flat monthly rate) which does not violate Net Neutrality.
Those instances were usually resolved, but other times ISPs continued misbehaving, and in fact when the FCC has sued, the courts have actually said that they could've won and prevented the bad behavior under Title II [0]

Also, the argument that "the internet worked fine before" is misleading, because technically the FCC worked under the same wireline "neutrality" rules and norms applied to AT&T back in the 70s. A little more history here: [1]

[0] https://www.cadc.uscourts.gov/internet/opinions.nsf/EA10373F...

[1] https://www.wired.com/story/how-the-fccs-net-neutrality-plan...
You can separate projects for learning technologies and projects for customer need. For example, when I wanted to learn Elixir, I made a simple to do list with concurrent users to test Elixir's scalability. A to do list is nothing new for customers but it still enabled me to learn more about the tech. Often, these two categories intersect over a large enough set of projects.
>>>They put their money into crypto and it's much, much harder to take it from them, provided they own the private key.

That's not exactly trivial - how do you store a private key in such a way that it's safe, accessible to you and only you, cannot be destroyed by your enemies, and can be passed on to your heirs upon your death?
Poland: Government agency fines private TV station for coverage of protests
I'm not a contrarian. I'm a freelance writer who is less tech savvy than a lot of people here.

I am not comfortable with taking action without understanding what I am supporting. I am also not comfortable sitting idly by on the excuse that I don't really understand it.

It is a completely sincere question and I very much appreciate all good faith efforts to answer it, from either side.
> 95% water
The title is so technically stupid that I'm not going to lose my time reading. Just flag it.
> naive speculators

They are doing it willingly to get rich.
> They also prefer to buy gas-guzzling SUVs, use millions of gallons of water to maintain lawns in the desert, redirect water to their large population centers to do so, and line up to buy the new iThing each year (tossing out the perfectly good old one in the trash).

All whilst maintaining the third lowest CO2 emissions per capita. Incredible!
The iPhone 6 and the iMac Pro couldn't be more different as products (and I've never heard of any thermal issues with the i6, my wife carried one for 3 years).

A better example is the trash can Mac Pro. Apple did design themselves into a thermal corner for upgrades, but the thermals for the CPUs and video cards it shipped with were fine. And as usual, Apple gave it a super quiet fan. I expect Apple to do the same with the iMac Pro, or at least two super quiet fans.

"we completely redesigned the thermal architecture of iMac Pro with innovative dual blowers, a massive heatsink, and extra venting. The result? Almost 75 percent more airflow and an 80 percent increase in system thermal capacity. Which lets iMac Pro handle 500 watts — 67 percent more power than the previous iMac — and stay chill."
A bunch of shoe boxes works fine too
They strike a deal with telecoms so that it's harder for startups to compete.
Realm Scales to the Web with GraphQL
>even all encrypted traffic

Never will this happen.
How is this dissimilar from raising VC money?

> The problem is that you're giving money to a relatively unknown company while speculating that the company will create inherent value.

That's what seed round VCs or angels do. Sure, they tend to invest only in peeps they know personally or through their network to try and control for too much failure. But the same could be done for ICOs...only invest in those that have teams you know well, or can meet, or who will take your call and answer your questions.

>Unlike with stocks, you don't have ownership in the company or any voting rights.

Same thing happens in VC rounds as later round investors dictate terms and dilution to early round investors.

> There is nothing stopping the company's creators from distributing the ... money to themselves

Same thing with VC money...one can hire friends, acquire companies one might have stock in already, buy a swanky office, go on lavish company parties, etc.

> there might be a board, but since the company isn't public who knows who the board is

Verbatim for VC-backed private companies. The "who knows" depends on the due diligence of the investor. Sure, most professional VCs will define who the board is ie. require board seats. But those boards can and do change in later rounds. It's up to the ICO investor to do due diligence. There's no law for ICOs that I cannot email or call the founders and ask about their board. If they refuse to answer, that would be a huge red flag.

All that said, I completely agree:
> the SEC is right to step in so there aren't a ton of unregulated securities going around and a lot of consumers potentially getting screwed.

Most retail investors cannot possibly spend the time and effort and money to do proper due diligence regardless of whether it is an ICO, IPO, OTC stock, etc. Most mom-and-pop investors should just buy ETFs with zero fees. Schwab has some great examples!

For professional investors...I think ICOs are a fantastic tool that adds competition to the marketplace...and should scare the hell out of VCs and PE since the days of 2 and 20 without question seem fleeting.

EDIT: formatting
Agree with this, your landing page is _so good_ I'm going to use the format to replace my own garbage landing page. Thank you for the inspiration, this is awesome. You're starting a movement!

By the way, congrats on 171 users :)
I once did this with HPNA 1.0
On the other hand, it's typically only specific streaming sites that get placed in a different bucket. Thus, it becomes more difficult for new (potentially better) services to enter the space. I don't think that's a net positive.
Search for "Berkeley Biff Dog"

http://www.catb.org/jargon/html/B/biff.html
I have no problem viewing the scenario "throttle/charge-more-for Reddit specifically" as a nightmare, as an unambiguous violation of NN, and as a bad thing I'd like to prohibit.

But, per my other comment [1], NN seems to be used in a much stronger sense than that, which covers any arrangement whereby you can pay more for a dedicated pipe.

To extend your electric company example:

Let's say that the mains actually had two pipes (type A and B) bundled together and you could branch off of one or the other to set up a power outlet. Further, in times of brownouts/undercapacity, type A would keep the same voltage, whatever, while type B would die out.

What if the electric company charged more for every type A connection you wanted? That doesn't seem like it's obviously a bad thing, since there are legit usages where you might want the steadier power and be willing to pay for it. It's certainly not on the level of charging by what is plugged into the outlet.

Edit: Also, type A is equivalent (in some sense) to running your own generator that just services your demand. Surely that can't be evil?

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15910272
> You think if I need to write C, that I should do things that make my program larger and slower and less correct?

Yes (marginally), when those things are at odds with the tools and conventions of C, because there are serious downsides you don't list. Compiler error messages will be difficult to understand. Tools for code analysis and debugging will be less useful or even completely unusable. Most importantly, because your personal style is alien to other people you lose the ability to collaborate with other developers.

A language designed for this would mitigate most of those downsides.
It's an inherently political issue, one that has pretty clear cut lines. I'll give you a dollar if you can guess which side of the line has more funding from oil companies and other vested interests.

Can you imagine why that particular line might be the one espousing climate change denial and skepticism, uniquely in the developed world, whilst simultaneously preparing for it?

Should you not be skeptical of where your skepticism comes from?
I’m think about this for a physical product company. I think from a product liability POV it makes sense to have a company.

My understand is scorp makes sense if you plan on employees. Llc if you don’t.
They allow you to avoid regulation if you avoid countries that regulate them like the US. A number of ICOs these days seem to forbid US investors.
Why can't I have my own outlook and priorities? Why can't I like what I at a casual glance at the Rust docs? When I say casual glance, I mean casual glance, and if I missed something really horrible, I'll find it soon enough once I started actually using Rust; but I'm not going to feel silly for something you can't even be bothered to point out.

People actually sit there and say not even having the option saves them discussions, and that's not satire? I program entirely for my own utility and artsy experimental purposes, so I don't care what is useful for teams, that is 100% irrelevant for how useful or comfortable a specific language is for me. Which is what my comment referred to, how much I enjoy, or not enjoy, writing in Go so far.

I didn't call the language bad, I even said I'm too much of a simpleton coder to to have much use for arcane differences. I just said that after not even having finished my first project in Go I can already tell you, without any irony, that this brace style being enforced is a deal breaker for me. I'm still finishing the project, you know. If people have all these great reasons for not minding the lack of an option and not even having a choice, why are they so insecure about one individual minding it? My comment went to +5 shortly after posting and is now at -2, I think that's just hilarious ^^
In order for the Q interpreter to fit in that small size, the language has some rather severe limits. For example, function parameters, local variables and conditional branch sizes. Forcing users to structure code around these limits feels a bit archaic to me. This is what compilers are for.
I've done a lot of interviews for work, and I make it very clear to the candidate that the questions they ask me won't be used to evaluate them and that they are purely for their benefit.

Candidates have just had a very stressful interview, I don't want them to have to worry about choosing to impress me versus getting the information they really seek. Obviously this doesn't apply if they ask questions that reveal massive red flags (like something utterly racist or sexist) but so far that's never happened in over 70+ interviews.

To emphasize the fact that questions are for the benefit of the interviewee, if I'm interviewing someone that's foreign and I happen to speak their language, after the interview is over I close the computer and switch to their language to make it clear that we are now having a conversation and they can relax and be informal.
I am just arguing that you have different rates if you use your electricity as resident or use it as a commerce. It's not about servers. It's contradicting the point of the OP that every bits of electricity is treated the same.