skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> The way objects and branch references was set up by git-new-workdir was completely safe for git-gc not to lose other workdir's data.

The simplest example is when the only live reference to a commit is a detached HEAD. Because HEAD is duplicated per workdir, other workdirs do not know about HEAD, and if it doesn't refer to an actual ref, it's subject to garbage collection.

This isn't much of a risk if there's constant ongoing work (because then the GC grace period and the reflog will typically save you), but it can be a problem if you're dealing with a branch that sees only intermittent work.

Even without that, it's pretty easy to destroy graph ancestry (which is not actual repository content, but still fairly important metadata). Example:

set -e
git init g
cd g
echo 1 >foo
git add foo
git commit -m test
cd ..
sh git-new-workdir g g2
cd g2
git checkout -b foo
echo 2 >foo
git commit -a -m foo
git branch -d master
cd ../g
echo 3 >foo
git commit -a -m master
git log --graph --all

The above script will disconnect one branch from the rest of the repository.

The underlying problem is that there are some important invariants that Git needs to maintain to ensure repository integrity in the presence of mutable history, and if part of the information is held in a place that it does not know about, it may not be able to maintain those invariants.

There's a reason why `git worktree` goes to a lot more effort to prevent such scenarios by registering worktrees with the repo and why `git worktree lock` is still needed.
Nature seems like it would do just fine, and I don’t think that humanity would go instinct but obviously after all the infrastructure is destroyed, we won’t be able to support nearly the population of people that we did before.
Disagree. The documentation on every 3x includes loads of warnings to make sure investors (traders) understand that these are daily adjusted securities.
Does sound like the border official was being overly cautious about the author's role as a journalist.

That said, having traveled around the world on multiple visas (particularly in the US), I can vouch that traveling on any visa other than tourism is a pain in the ass. I'm always ready to be turned away. I usually have a large institution backing my non-tourism travels (a university or a large corporation) and their advice is consistently: don't argue, just turn back then tell our lawyers and let them deal with it.
I was distracted by the middle. It's not really the bomb, it's the fires. Setting a hundred cities on fire in an afternoon, each one pushes soot up into the upper atmosphere. sunlight gets absorbed there rather than down on the surface. It's really all about scale.

The wiki article is interesting https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_winter
The phenomenon you're describing is a real conundrum (and it's an emerging issue in my home state of Texas), but at the end of the day can be settled by a more stringent state or federally-enforced definition of what qualifies as a slot machine, especially when it's fairly obvious that using replays of old sport events to determine payout is not at all the same thing as letting the outcome be settled by a random number generator.
Another typical 'fuck-you' treatment from Chinese authorities.

Why a fuck-you treatment? Fuck you. That's why.
> Media sources designed to target confirmation biases, echo chambers, and viral fake news

So you mean basically every political campaigns? Not sure how in touch you are with local politics, but the local political TV ads I see every night have been like this for years
> If you think of someone and appreciate the little bit of their life story they shared on Facebook, is that an illusion?

Whatever it is, it’s not a substitute for real two-way interaction. Meaningful relationships don't survive on impersonal status updates broadcast to a general audience.

If it involves communication back and forth (e.g. telling each other what happened at work) that’s something. If it’s scrolling passively through status updates or photos, or posting updates on yourself to nobody in particular, it’s junk food.
> You suddenly now deal with car manufacturers which are woken up to the electric drive age.

This keeps getting repeated, but all I see are some meagre efforts which seem primarily focussed on headlines rather than actually delivering mass-scale EVs. Concepts. Demonstrators. The closest any of them have come is the Bolt (which is limited in availability, and their dealer networks regularly push people away from buying), and the Leaf (which until the most recent model still looked far too much like a golf buggy and had very limited range).

These are large companies with massive departments used to pushing out new vehicle models every year and updating production lines to suit.

I'm still yet to hear of any of the major manufacturers sign contracts for large scale battery deliveries to support any mass EV production.

I don't understand why their outlook is always 2019-2020-2025-2030 for their full EV range unless they're just hoping for Tesla to fail and finally be able to point out and say "See, EV doesn't work!" so they can go back to what they've been doing for a long while.
If you had all the time in the world, I'd watch the VIX. When it spikes, buy the XIV (inverse). It's practically guaranteed to increase in value throughout the day, volatility can't stay in a spiked state.
Ask HN: Reliable Strategy for Behavior Change?
I’ve recently become very interested in lasting behavioral modification after enduring too many failed efforts and regressions over time. Looking for any good resources on the subject as well as personal anecdata.
Bitcoin is really starting to resemble a pyramid scheme or penny stocks. No one can really cash out without people cashing in, otherwise the entire pyramid collapses. And the cult-like mentality of many Bitcoin holders does strike me as a multi-level marketing attitude. Just visit any forum or thread about bitcoin and there will always be that one person with some kind of tagline "it's not too late to get in!" which is a classic FOMO sales tactic. You know when the average person is getting into the market, we are in the late stages of the game.

When suckers enter, smart money leaves.

It's a very interesting technology which will continue to exist but it's really looks like an out of control bubble. In some ways it would be better for it to implode and get the snake oil salesman and sketchy white papers out of the ecosystem.

It used to be a really cool proving ground for cutting edge technologies but now it's looking more like rampant greed, excess and arrogance.
> I accept $20 bills because I believe other people will accept $20 bills. The paper itself is worthless.

That is a common misconception. Government currency has intrinsic value because you are required to pay your taxes in it. If you live in the US, whatever currency you conduct your business in, be it Bitcoin or gold bullion, the USG wants to be paid in dollars. That creates an intrinsic demand for dollars. That intrinsic demand is what ensures that everyone accepts it as a common form of payment. Because everyone has this same common requirement to pay taxes in USD. People then choose to conduct all business in it simply because it's convenient to do so.

The analog for Bitcoin is a little trickier, but I think an argument you might make is that it costs Bitcoin to move Bitcoin. And therefore there is intrinsic demand for Bitcoin, because the value-transfer capabilities it provides are inherently useful.
> then being attacked for being greedy or selfish by the games media.

By who? I saw plenty of games media joining the EA-bashing, and none opposing it.

EA deserves the pummeling they're getting. I'm just annoyed because I wish we could get people to devote half the energy to serious issues that they'll spend on getting angry about video games.
As another Australia, I strongly agree.

Gambling/bettings have put a lot of work into getting their slimy tentacles into sports clubs and RSL's and perpetuating this idea that gambling/betting is inherently part of sport, which it's not, but they're happy to lure people and profit off them all the same.

If we reigned them in, I really don't think anything of value would be lost.
Such a protocol would be a great place to encode the user-facing aspects of NIST's recommendations.
Percentages are what matter here.
This lottery comparison is wrong and obnoxious. With the lottery you have a known chance of success (minuscule). With crypto you have some measure of control of your expected returns. Having foresight and the technical ability to judge promising projects goes a long way.
TLDR man pages
I like how you just sort of blithely say that tether is a scam when there’s nearly a billion dollars of it trading on margin, inflating the bitcoin price.
There was a full-page ad placed in the Wall Street Journal (those run something like 150k) by a hedge fund manager begging the CBOE to not let Bitcoin on. This was within the last 4 weeks.

I wish I could share a picture of the article but the gist of it was “could cause a sell-off that would spread to the entire CBOE and cause a total collapse”.
The Fibonacci sequence is an obviously toy example. No one seems to use it for any practical purpose, but the same can be said of most functions named Foo and Bar.
You're assuming that the games media is actually defending EA, which isn't actually true as far as I can tell.
Guys, nobody is going to make any money on the moon anytime soon. Or by mining asteroids, either, although that argument is more interesting, since (some) asteroids contain relatively pure rare elements. The moon, by contrast, is mostly just sand.

With current technology, it costs — round ballpark figures — about $25,000 PER KILOGRAM to launch mass into geosynchronous orbit, the highest orbit for which there is any current commercial launch market. If SpaceX really gets going, which it might, that number will come down. But it won't come exponentially down. It might get cut in half. But it's still going to be really really expensive to get aything to the moon, including the infrastucture and propellant that you would need in order to get things back from the moon. Put another way, that's about $800 an ounce at current prices, and $400 an ounce in the optimistic ten year scenario. Bricks launched into space are literally as expensive as gold bars.

And that's just launch cost. It isn't the cost of building the thing you're launching. Of course, the non-recurring engineering, fabrication, and test costs vary dramatically depending on the complexity of the spacecraft being built, but again, in very general terms, a geosynchronous communications satellite, which is the single spacecraft type that most closely resembles a commodity, as they are built on an assembly line, with relatively little non-recurring engineering and standardized designs and parts, those cost about $300 million each.

For a grand total cost, of building and launching a plain vanilla geo commsat, of half a billion dollars. And then you have to operate the thing. Any spacecraft mission of significant complexity - the complexity associated with manned spaceflight or planetary mining - is going to require round the clock teams of hundreds of engineers. So you're talking billions more dollars per year to operate.

If you're thinking of launching a man-rated lunar spacecraft, which you'd need for lunar tourism, multiply that by about thirty and you'd be at the low end of a decent estimate. A lunar prospector capable of returning samples - just samples, not bulk materials - is going to be in the low billions, plus billions more to run. A full on linar mining infrastructure is, again, tens of billions. At least. Probably hundreds of billions.

There is just nothing on the moon that's worth that much. In particular, there's nothing there that wouldn't be orders of magnitude less expensive - and much less risky, which is important from an investor perspective - to simply mine or manufacture on earth. You can dig a lot of mines for ten billion dollars.
It is a classic example of "rule by law" which is in full effect in PRC. You're required to register within 24 hours at the "police station", no details of the said station, no opening hours or any further information is given. The process is quite slow, the queues are long, and the officials are visibly irritated every time you come and wake them up from their slumber. Then there are people flying 3-4 times per week to Hong Kong or Seoul on business, technically they are required to register every single time they enter China. Of course, nobody is doing that. So that's a #1 easy to reach tool to exercise any kind of control over foreigners.
Thanks for that, very helpful. I do wonder if you may be seeing the new architecture as too rigidly identical to the old architecture, specifically in that the templating/page personalization can now be easily moved to the front end rather than needing to be handled on the backend like in days of old. This front end rendering approach allows the browser to pull down one JSON blob of possibly dynamically extracted user-customizing data (first name, last name, items in their character loadout, whatever happens to be relevant) and one or more JSON files of static template content, fold the JSON blobs together exactly as one would have done on the server, and present a fully customized page to the user in a way that accomplishes the goals you articulated (I think) while keeping the templates static and their delivery serverless, fast, and cheap. Are there things you see that I’m missing in that architecture? (I’m admittedly new to these aspects of the CMS world but trying to understand the issues)
I’d add that the relationships where you’re willing to go the extra distance are the only ones that matter. Quality not quantity.
Thanks partycoder! Points taken; will make some changes.

Regarding numerical gradients, named it so to differentiate it from analytical gradients, which leverage formulas from calculus. The "numerical" ones are calculated using (f(x+h)-f(x))/h every time.
No not at all. XRP is part of the Ripper network which is a centralized payment network run by a single company. It's mostly used by banks. It's going for speed and volume not privacy, decentralization, or growth.
Scaffolding a Node.js GraphQL API Server
The dollar, like any fiat currency, is also propped up by political and military power, as well as powerful central banks and gold assets. The paper itself is obviously worthless but what it represents is the currency of a unipolar superpower world backed up by $500 billion in military spending.

Bitcoin has none of that. There's no bailout. There's no economic experts to come in and revise things. There's no political will to exert. Its decentralization is its greatest strength but also its greatest weakness.

This is by design of course. But the argument that it's "just faith" propping up the dollar is fallacious. Apples and oranges.
One example of this is the US collecting taxes in US dollars. Why not let me pay my taxes in Euros or gold (or bitcoin :D)? And there's the threat of violence backing this. If I refuse to pay my taxes in US dollars, I'll get some angry letters, I'll have my property seized, and then I'll get some police officers showing up at my door - and if I continue to resist, I'll either be arrested or killed. For refusing to pay my taxes in US dollars.

Likewise, US dollars are "legal tender for all debts public and private". If someone (in the US) refuses to accept US dollars to consolidate a US debt, they will be arrested or killed (after several opportunities to course correct) and their property will be forcefully taken.

And for a third example - consider someone trying to set up an unregistered company in the USA. If they get on the government's radar, what do you think their long term prospects are?

Fortunately, our legal system and general social beliefs mean that it rarely if ever would come that far. But the threat of violence is real. And think - without that threat, however far removed, why would anyone pay their taxes or follow most laws?
FCC's Plan to Toss Net Neutrality a Win for 5g Says Analyst
How to Choose to Be a Web Designer or a Web Developer?
Well, I know a lot about the subject. But it would help to know what sorts of behaviors you are looking to change.
Its a nasty addiction that’s been layered with a veneer of legitimacy.
Fun. With kite-surfing you have to be two people at once, legs and upper body having co-operating minds of their own. If you get down to Oz you may want to try cloud-surfing. When you have an occluded weather front the leading edge clouds have a strong updraft, with a strong downdraft at the trailing end; effect is like a suspended horizontal wind tube. That was demonstrated to me during a private-IFR lesson where (under hood) I heard a loud whooshing sound and the vertical speed indicator shot up. Concerned, the CFI explained what was happening. Interesting! Wonder if you could cloud surf? Turned out that was an activity in Queensland, Australia where they have a spring phenomena called the 'Morning Glory' with long tubular cloud formations and lots of glider pilots. If you try it make sure you know where you want to land since the back country there is full of nasty bugs and snakes and the Gulf of Carpentaria has more than it's fair share of box jellyfish. Nice place to visit ...

Instead of lizard / monkey / the 'me' try physicalistic / vitalistic / mentalistic
Troy Hunt works for Microsoft. What is to say the employer won’t influence the list for personal gain. E.g if Azure and Aws both got hacked, high chances of AWS appearing in the list but not Azure.
Nevertheless, couldn't you just leave it running without GitHub' approval (perhaps, block requests with referrer from GitHub) and see if it gains further traction?
Maybe it does NAT in hardware.
Agreed. This is a R&D heavy venture, hence the capital expenditure is high too. How can one fail to capture the fact that their intellectual-property portfolio is a store of their value, as are the factories and the market lead they have not just in self-driving EVs but in batteries & solar tech. This is one of the dumbest articles I have read in a long while. Money spent on NOT money up in smoke. Somebody give this guy a crash course in corporate finance.
Is there a single US corporation that doesn't rely on government handouts? Complaining only about Tesla seems disingenuous when you have massive handouts given to oil and gas companies, not too mention how many cities are offering Amazon what is equivalent to free reign if they get HQ2.

You can complain about corporate welfare but only complaining about one corporation isn't really fair. Walmart utilizes local police forces to skimp on internal security (not too mention using welfare to subsidize poor pay), Military companies relying on politicians literally stuffing their coffers while the Pentagon argues otherwise, resource extraction companies are given free permits to bleed the land dry, agricultural subsidies, 0% interest loans dictated through the Fed, the auto bailouts, the financial bailouts, propping up home prices through artificial means. The pattern seems to be taking tax dollars and giving them to corporations.
>Jim Chanos summarized all of the reasons why nicely: “If you wouldn’t be short a multi-billion-dollar loss-making enterprise in a cyclical business, with a leveraged balance sheet, questionable accounting, every executive leaving, run by a CEO with a questionable relationship with the truth, what would you be short? It sort of ticks all the boxes.”

A major box it doesn't tick from a short sellers perspective is the "make something people want" thing. Loads of people want it's cars and would be trucks. The main question is can they deliver them but I'd be wary being short in case they can.
> while budgets have only exploded

This is not really true. This is easy for us to check since many of these companies are publicly traded and are required to report their financials.

As one example, EA claims in their public filings that EA's cost for AAA game development has decreased over the last ten years (roughly $300 million less dev costs per year today, inflation adjusted, than they spent in 2009).

> AAA budgets, $60 titles, and no microtransactions or subscriptions is absolutely a 'pick two' scenario.

It's not -- and again, we can know this for a fact from their public financials. EA claims their traditional AAA games (sales only, explicitly excluding any microtransactions or lootboxes) carry roughly 60% profit margin all on their own.

They definitely don't need the extra gambling revenue, but it's obvious why they want it.
Unit tests are a poor way to validate code behavior. 30+ years of development has taught me that validation tests within the code itself are far better.

1) They run whenever the product runs. Good logging code tells you when it fails, even on customers devices.

2) By being part of the production code, they are far easier to keep up to date as the code changes even through refactoring.

3) They don’t force you to change anything about how you code.
I was very interested to see this first person perspective. I recently wrote an article that might serve as a historical companion to this one, based on public documents rather than on the ground reporting if you're interested: https://medium.com/insane-before-the-sun/3-nuked-sinking-the...
We are carbon based life forms, our being alive is just a fancy way of taking carbon in a solid form (food) and turning it in to CO2 for plants. So you either ship food and O2 to the moon and CO2 back to Earth, or you build up a supply and start the cycle there.

Presumably if you are running some sort of hotel, you ship enough O2 and food to cover your guests travel and stay. Then only ship back what they need to stay alive on the ride home. Eventually you build up a large enough supply that you don't have to ship as much, reducing costs.
Drinking "Pure Water" wouldn't be advised, since it will leech minerals from your body.
Just last night I was playing with Primitive [0], which tries to reproduce photographic images by building up layers of shapes. I found this via SQIP [1], was discussed on HN last week.

I haven't tried this with line art like icons or logos. I usually just hand-optimize simple ones, then run them through svgo [2].

[0] https://github.com/fogleman/primitive

[1] https://github.com/technopagan/sqip

[2] https://github.com/jakearchibald/svgomg/blob/master/README.m...
I've been doing stuff like this for a long time. I've thought about trying to build a web app to help with estimating the costs of doing exactly this. Would that be useful to you? I wouldn't charge for it, but it would help me get motivated to do it if I knew someone might use it!
We're definitely just trading anecdotes here, but I assume you've never spent any time inside the local TAB in a rural Australian town; It's not exactly filled to the brim with young professional up-and-comers.

My experience in Australia doesn't generalise perfectly to the US, of course. I wonder how much it does at all. That lack of certainty doesn't stop me from worrying what things would look like if it translates well across our societies.
Yea, such rule is in place where I live too. Any guest staying over 24 hours need to report to the local authorities, both domestics or international. Many countries requires an official identification such as IC or passport upon hotel check-in as well.

Although in my case its more about the neighbourhood security rather than a big-brother-watching kind of deal. The registrations aren't centralized or anything, and in most cases, are never read again unless something happened in the neighbourhood.
Yeah, because they didn't have to build out factories and 500,000 cars in order to grow.

If they did, they would have tapped the markets too.