skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The problem with jail time is that the courts need to assess how much damage was done to determine what a fair sentence is. How do you assess the damage done during a data leak? Do you get one hour of jail time for each person's data you leaked? Do you get a day per gigabyte leaked? What if nobody does anything with the stolen data?

And how do you make that scale? If I miss a semicolon and leak 5 people's data, then I'd hardly get any jail time. If I miss a semicolon and leak 150,000,000 people's data, I will die in prison. In both scenarios, I made the same error, but the outcomes were insanely different!
https://www.cms.gov/Research-Statistics-Data-and-Systems/Sta...

Hospital Care:

Covers all services provided by hospitals to patients. These include room and board, ancillary
charges, services of resident physicians, inpatient pharmacy, hospital-based nursing home and
home health care, and any other services billed by hospitals in the United States. The value of
hospital services is measured by total net revenue, which equals gross patient revenues (charges)
less contractual adjustments, bad debts, and charity care. It also includes government tax
appropriations as well as non-patient and non-operating revenues. Hospitals fall into NAICS 622 –
Hospitals.

Physician and Clinical Services:

Covers services provided in establishments operated by Doctors of Medicine (M.D.) and Doctors of
Osteopathic Medicine (D.O.), outpatient care centers, plus the portion of medical laboratories
services that are billed independently by the laboratories. This category also includes services
rendered by a doctor of medicine (M.D.) or doctor of osteopathic medicine (D.O.) in hospitals, if
the physician bills independently for those services. Clinical services provided in freestanding
outpatient clinics operated by the U.S. Department of Veterans’ Affairs, the U.S. Coast Guard
Academy, the U.S. Department of Defense, and the U.S. Indian Health Service are also included.
The establishments included in Physician and Clinical Services are classified in NAICS 6211-Offices
of Physicians, NAICS 6214-Outpatient Care Centers, and a portion of NAICS 6215-Medical and
Diagnostic Laboratories.

So as a quick summary, physician pay isn't the same as physician and clinical services. Both categories includes salaries of doctors. The statistic people are looking for isn't readily available in the numbers they are quoting. 3.12 and 19.8 are unrelated numbers.

EDIT: You can calculate expenditure relatively easily. Some assumptions: The link lists median pay at 295k, but Bureau of Labor statistics actually has it at 208k, and google's auto-suggest puts it at 187k in 2015. I'm just going to run with 250k.

250k median salary^ * 950k active physicians / 3.2 trillion US healthcare costs = 7.4%. 100b is a commonly cited number, but I can't find the source. My calculations put compensation at around 237b. Here's a corroborating source as well:

https://www.jacksonhealthcare.com/media-room/news/md-salarie...

I think this is a more relevant read than the politico one, given that these conversations always degrade into "my country vs your country":

http://www.healthcarefinancenews.com/news/physician-compensa...

Disclaimer: My father is a doctor, my mother is a nurse. I get really annoyed when this crap comes up on HN. Tomorrow we'll have an article that leads to a discussion about how the engineers on this site are making 150k-200k and complaining about being underpaid, all while criticizing other careers that necessitate higher educational attainment and greater career risk.
well, consider that basically everything is constituted by chemical compounds (an apple contains stuff like epicatechin, phloridzin, quercetin, etc.)
Ask HN: Is there no real “Show your music” website worldwide, similar to ShowHN?
I'll explain:

* when we want to show some tech/programming projects, we can post here and eventually, if people like it, it's easy to get an audience of people interested in what we are doing, this is cool and motivating [example: 100+ votes and 800+ people liked https://github.com/josephernest/writing thanks to a previous post here]. The same applies for Reddit as well.

BUT

* When you release a new song, you post it on Reddit.com/r/Music or any other subreddit, it's very difficult to get even a small audience. It could be because my music itself is bad!, well ... maybe! (here you can listen to it: https://soundcloud.com/join-leave/run-away-feat-dyllan and https://soundcloud.com/join-leave/nouvelle-collection-ocean-souvenir) , but I've noticed it seems to happen to other people too.

More specifically:

* You can often see new content submitted by a random guy with 100+ or even 1000+ votes here on HN. This is cool!

* But I've never seen a community on the web where a random musician can put his song, and have 100+ and 1000+ likes (except maybe on Youtube, but then you need to have a cool nice video, and this is not always possible for bedroom producers).

Networks to share original music are either very small communities (so small audience) or large audience, but very restricted posting rules ("don't post your own content").

What is the reason?

Soundcloud could seem like an answer but it's not: if you post on it, nobody sees the song until you share it on another network. Soundcloud doesn't feature a Reddit/HN list-based "Post your song here" where people can upvote or downvote, in which you can discover new songs.

____

TL;DR: Bedroom programmers have a large audience on internet for their projects thanks to HN or Reddit. But it seems bedroom music producers don't have a similar community. Why? Is there a reason why nobody cares about music posted by random people?
It's a terrible shame that Scrivener 3 drops support for El Capitan. I want to try but upgrading my entire OS would be quite a hassle.
That's true enough. But you said that you bet whatever he did with the money since had a much better return than Facebook. You were wrong.
That our industry sponsored studies on the effects of social media, and buried the studies that showed harm? One hopes not, but the scenario where an industry sponsors studies into the harmfulness of its own products, has proven over and over again to be a recipe for bad science. And as this article shows, the file drawer effect can cause billions of QALYs of harm.

Now would be the time do do something about it, not 30-40 years from now.

The high bit is that all studies must be registered in advance and report their data. If you're a researcher, you shouldn't agree to do a study where the results won't be reported if the sponsor doesn't like them.
The version for Windows will appear next year. The codebase isn’t shared as far as I know. They’ve announced if you buy Scrivener 1 for Windows today, you’ll get a free upgrade to Scrivener 3. (Check the blog post for details.)
Another option is gitter.im, which links to your github project and doesn't have to be invite only.
Its a double edge sword. Most religions require suspension of critical reasoning as well in order to "take on faith" that which cannot be proven (or is outright wrong).

The result is basically training people to be susceptible to propaganda.
Send me an email from Scrivener when you are done...
Sure there is. Data on accidents involving human drivers is statistically useful for estimating risks from self-driving cars. Yes, driving machines are likely to be better at driving than humans. But there a ton of other factors which are the same. The cars are the same shape, size, weight and materials as cars driven by humans. They drive on the same roads, in the same weather with the same passengers.

It's true that we don't yet know how well self-driving cars will perform at scale. To say that we have no idea what risks are associated with them, or that they pose no risk to anyone but the passengers is ridiculous.
Python is my day job and I'm very fluent in the common data science tools like Pandas, but you'll hardly ever catch me using Pandas because Excel is just so much easier for 2d data.

The thing is, I never use Excel because the data I work with every day is almost always multidimensional, so I work with xarray[1]. It drives me crazy to see coworkers using Excel for things that it is not suitable for and having crazy solutions like multiple tables per sheet, multiple sheets, multiple files or other hacks to describe another dimension of data.

[1] http://xarray.pydata.org
George Soros needs no demonization.
Reported, but I didn't found how to report to Amazon
https://fosdem.org/2018/ in Brüssel, Belgium (for free)
Science is not a belief system like religion. It's not whether you believe or not. In fact, you can completely disbelieve it and it changes nothing about science.

One of the reason I am disappointed every time I hear the climate change debacle it's because one side is deemed stupid about not believing what the other side believes. It doesn't matter what you believe, go to a polluted city and breathe the air. Drink from a polluted river.

You can believe the earth is flat. But when you are launching a satellite, make sure you follow the theories that cater to your model so you don't crash it.

Call the earth flat all you want, just make sure my GPS works just fine.
> "Ethernet connectors are not designed to be plugged in and removed regularly"

Well could easily use a smaller and easier plug while still being pin compatible with ethernet.
Brave Browser Lets Users Fight YouTube Censorship with Bitcoin Tech
"I think there are ISP options that net neutrality prohibits which are worth exploring for some people, and if repealing net neutrality benefits decentralization or creates a radical shift in the Internet design instead, I won't consider that a catastrophic outcome."

Like what? Any examples? Also the word "innovation" is not an example, even if it's the example I hear most. "You can't possibly understand because it's complicated" isn't an example either. If not I'm fine with the status quo.
Bankai, the frindly web compiler
It's a bit similar but I don't think it's good to make second-hand comparisons. Cravings are not a simple binary. Like, if you consume cocaine for pleasure then you can have a craving to keep doing more until you run out or its time to go home or whatever. But below a certain threshold the craving isn't that strong, so you could have a little bit and then get on with your day, much as you might have a cup of coffee in the morning but you don't necessarily want it round the clock.
I have the same experience.

Linux is vastly superior in stability, package management and just basic productivity.

There are of course still trade-offs such as drivers which, although so much better than what they used to be decades ago, are still not quite on par with the ones released for Windows in most instances. That being said, if you plan ahead a bit with your hardware purchases you'll have a great experience under Linux.
A very interesting pattern of votes on this comment of mine - first swinging up to +15, now back down at 2! Don't think I've ever attracted such a divided response!
Coffee – Resources for home espresso
Could be wrong but I have a feeling that most of the other costs are related to either mitigating or fighting malpractice lawsuits. Do any other countries have a lot of medical malpractice lawsuits besides the US?
Kind of reminds me of the cable channel bundles people had to choose back in the day. You'd get a couple you like but pay for a lot of utter shit to get it.
which can only happen if you pass wrong data from the backend to the jquery related function. I.e. dynamically generate input for $()...
Brilliantly put.

Just to add one more point: many of us are now bound by forced arbitration agreements with our ISPs. That more or less eliminates the courts as an option for class or individual action. It's convenient that Pai glossed over this little fact.

That means we're stuck with the FTC, and only the FTC. And if they don't do anything for you, that's too bad.

This will be devastating, mark my words.
I don’t think I’ve ever heard someone claim driverless cars will fix everything

Mass transit specifically trains have serious problems I don’t think there are solutions for. The first is that they make centralized points of failure. Broken trains can bring a whole city to a halt. The second is they are the perfect germ delivery system.
Friendly reminder: it was just a couple of weeks ago when 3-4 lawyers could go to congress and talk with serious faces about what they should do to control speech posted on the internet without being laughed out of the room due to the absurdity of the proposition.

We're already one foot in the dystopia, I'm afraid. Decentralization of these services can't come fast enough.
Not sure what there indicates “bubble.” A 33 P/E ratio for a company growing as quickly as Facebook seems entirely reasonable.
Open source Linux-on-Zynq SBC debuts new FPGA add-on standard
Another framework to run python only code in distributed manner on AWS Lambda is http://pywren.io/

using spark APIs on lambda is cool!
> I can remember it being the most awful piece of software I have ever used

Many people seem to say the same thing but the only problem I could ever see (in occasional use) was a non-standard UI which non-technical users had trouble grasping. What made it so awful?
The problem was classic economics. They weren't concerned about reducing power or light pollution. It was just cheaper.

Except LEDs are cheaper, so you can have more lumens per $. And thus the night pollution has gotten worse.
Interesting! I've been using Launchy for years, mostly out of old habit. I'll certainly try Wox!
Sounds like bad news for 99.9% of the world not running 4.14 and the messy backwards compatibility path they have to maintain forever. That part of the code is already screaming "goto fail":

https://github.com/awslabs/s2n/blob/master/utils/s2n_random....

(And to be clear, I mean "goto fail" as in "I'm sure it's correct, but it's also very very difficult to tell")
Calling it the 'first encrypted contacts manager' is preposterous. What about Tutanota and Posteo? The contacts there have been encrypted all along.
bmm6o's reply captures the approach; you WIPEONFORK a guard variable, and use the state of that variable to re-initialize.

When we're writing a crypto library, like s2n, or OpenSSL, we don't get a choice to avoid fork() ... the application can fork() any time it wants and we just have to be able to deal with it. There have been a few approaches:

* Always feed new entropy on every call (but this isn't always available)

* Use getpid() to detect a fork() ... but this can break because some versions of libc cache the value of getpid(). Another problem is the grand-child problem, where an application can fork(), have have the child start a new process group, then the parent exits, then the child fork()s again ... in that situation there's some chance that the grandchild ends up with the same PID as the original process that started everything (and may have used the RNG).

* To fix that, one clever approach that BoringSSL used for a while was to check both getpid() and getppid(), which signaficantly reduced the likelihood of occurrence but was still probabilistic.

* All sorts of weird clone() flags, that things like language runtimes and virtual machines use, can bypass pthread_atfork and PID changes.
I just got a developer job at Facebook. Here’s how I prepped for my interviews
Mystical Experience and Psychedelics: Meaningful, Measurable, Life Changing
Ehhh... I think that paper kinda "tricks" you with point #3.

> Only 257 algebraic operations, so no hordes of rounding errors

Rounding errors in Floating-point math grows exponentially in the common case. So 257 operations is more than enough to wipe out 53-bits of precision. Its not "hordes" of rounding errors that cause issues. Its the exponential nature of rounding errors, exponentially increasing every step of the way.
Wait, you mean building bigger barriers to international trade can cause your economy to slow down? Who could have predicted this??
The nature of human relationships has indeed changed though. We now have virtual omnipresence and omniscience.
Does anyone know who created their video?

https://vimeo.com/235737232
I also find my mood is very steady and mellow instead of the constant rush and burn on a high carb diet.

The lack of research is concerning. I'm refraining from staying on the diet for too long and am opting to cycle in and out of it by re-introducing carbs periodically.
Hmm I don't read the quoted text as a personal attack (snarky, okay fine) and I certainly don't see anything "underhanded" about what I posted, but if you think I'm posting in bad faith (all too endemic online, unfortunately), I don't think you can be faulted for not wanting to engage. That's certainly fair. And honestly, if you felt it was personal, I can apologize. Sorry.

That being said, you've made ~15 comments itt, in which you're variously appealed to your own authority ("Given my background, I understand exactly what residents do". Actually, I don't know any medical resident who could make such a statement, given how broad and diverse the fields that postgraduate medical training encompasses are, but sure.), and made repeated statements about what residents are and aren't capable of, all seemingly without citation or reference.

All of which is to say, I think if you could have made the case that the facts and figures posted above, and in this thread, are perfectly compatible with your contention about medical residents being a net financial drain for hospitals and academic centers, you would have done it by now. In that sense, I agree further debate would probably not be very productive.
Across what subset of capabilities?

HIPAA compliant storage, or even compute nodes, isn’t all that interesting. It’s the higher level services that matter.
"Forever" is only ten or twenty years, right?
They don't receive the PFS payment, but they certainly do for room fees, imaging, labs and other diagnostics, not to mention medications.

And the patient is still tended to by nurses, who do absolutely generate revenue for the hospital.

While they don't get a PFS payment, we also can't provide that Medicare pays for the residency and then everything else is a charity case for the hospital.
Introducing...V3 of what, exactly? Hmm - am I blind, or does that page have zero explanation of what Scrivener 3 actually is? RSS Reader? Ebook reader? The list of improvements could apply to just so many random things.

I am sure it is great and all, and that there is more details elsewhere on the site, but you lost me after a scroll or two trying to work out what this product is, and if it something that I might want to buy. Confused, tab closed, bye, sorry.

</constructive-criticism>
That's maybe the point. It's very good. Looks good, feels good, and works well. It's a Show HN, which normally means provide critical feedback. If you have none, then it probably works well. Which it does!
Identity politics is just today's means of mass control as an evolution on the use of violence or religion or some such. Classic Orwell vs Huxley.

Getting the oppressed to self-drain oxygen by subdividing everyone into every which way to stop conversation about their self interest is the success the elites are seeking. The only meaningful distinction in today's america's social struggles is the class distinction between the common and the elite.

The (CNN approved) examples you're giving are right. Though there are tons of non corporate news reported 'republican' things democrats have more success doing like making Bush elite tax cuts permanent, more wars of invasion, banking deregulation, social security privatization.

> but laying the blame there and only there ignores the fact that there there are degrees of complicitness within a corrupt system, as well as degrees of the impact imposed by the corruption itself

Sounds circular. Or maybe I misunderstood what you meant. Can you rephrase?
I'll go with maybe.
I've just finished the draft of my first novel using Scrivener. (it's a kids/YA Sci-Fi novel).

It's been a joy to use. I wrote the first 45k words written on the OS X version on my laptop.

But in May I started a new job, and then used the iPhone version to write the next 50k words. Pretty much written entirely on the London tube to/from work.

I've also emailed Keith, the lead dev, a few times and he's been very friendly. Even incorporated some of my suggestions into updates of the iOS version.

Anyway, if Emacs works for you, then I'd say stick with it, unless you see some compelling reason to change.

For me, I had never written a novel before so did some research and chose Scrivener. Prior to this my longest work was my PhD thesis, in LaTeX.
All those experts we've "had enough of"[1], of course. If you think we've got enough faded glory already wait until we set sail on a Brexit low tide and immediately sink.

Rule Britannia!

1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GGgiGtJk7MA
Just like passwords, you don't store the identifiers as-is, which is a rule that is easy to explain, enforce.

Translucent Databases: Confusion, Misdirection, Randomness, Sharing, Authentication And Steganography To Defend Privacy

http://a.co/hTfRPP9

http://www.wayner.org/node/39
An easier example:
type this in your browser console:

0.1 + 0.2 == 0.3

false!(?)
Absolutely nothing in that article is related to underground at all. From the styles of music through to the VC-funded platforms.

Underground is record labels owned by a couple of friends pressing 250 records globally and distributing them by any means possible.

Underground is people putting all their spare money into putting on parties/gigs in obscure venues for the 100 other people in their city that like their particular niche of music/art.

Underground is not sitting in your room recording lip-sync videos and then sending them out over a platform used by millions.
Does anyone know how to skip an ISP and plug directly into the internet?
I think you'd be surprised how much money is spent just on fraud prevention, security, storing peoples money, and all the other stuff that goes into "validating transactions" alone.

It is not an easy problem.

Also, I've never needed to go into a bitcoin bank in order to talk to a bitcoin bank teller, so that the person at the front desk can deposit my Bitcoin check.

So I'd argue that there would be a whole lot less literal lights in a building, because you don't need to handle those in person services like that.

But this is also ignoring the fact that it is a fundamentally different problem that is being solved.

The problem that Bitcoin is trying to solve is a decentralized payment system that can't be censored by a central authority. Let me know when a real life bank can do THAT.
Isn't there a race condition here? What if the fork happens between when you check the flag and when you access the rng state?
Good question. This is a concern of mine
Yes, that is true.
Much easier Email crypto, by fetching pubkey via HTTPS
I'd suggest becoming an industry or business subject-matter expert instead, for example you could specialise in

- solving problems with software in the healthcare industry

- digitising procurement processes

- designing and running large-scale systems

From a business perspective I'd advise against becoming a technical expert. Not only is very specific technical expertise like knowing a certain framework particularly well quite short-lived but you'd also be further away from where the more important decisions are made and the most money is spent.

Businesses (those that don't sell software themselves, that is) don't care about frameworks and programming languages they care about the problems you can solve for them. I think it was Patrick MacKenzie who advocated taking end-to-end responsibility for solutions you provide to customers instead of merely creating a bunch of computer code for them.
What is going on with Europe's GDP in general?
Comparing the IMF figures from 2008 to 2017 it seems France, Germany, and the United Kingdom have all had economic contraction while the U.S. grew 33%.
Όλα ανοικτά στο Europa League