skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The most striking statistic was that bitcoin is 5000 times more energy intensive than a VISA transaction.

Maybe my naive interpretation of what VISA actually does is showing here, but I don't see how it's a valid comparison. Bitcoin doesn't simply replace credit card transactions, it replaces an entire banking system. Who confirms VISA transactions? How can you send and receive transactions through VISA? What about all the facilities that are supporting that transaction?

I think it's easier to trace the cost of a bitcoin transaction, which bears the entire cost succinctly, compared to an institution like VISA, which has its tentacles in a ton of energy costing faculties.
Yeah. Not my cup of tea though. And usually people do drugs like meth to make it easier.
The original question asked whether static typing is needed when maximal performance is required. If we understand "maximal" to mean literally, "no more performance can possibly be squeezed out", then it simply is. Static typing might not be sufficient for this case, but it is necessary.
Ya, sorry about implying that. FWIW, I didn't read your comment as a dismissal of ADR.
Running USD uses a small planet's worth of hydrocarbons
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> permanent resident immigrants are Americans

They're also immigrants. We're debating curbs on immigration. If those curbs continue to be implemented, people like those immigrants will not be future Americans.
Deep Learning from Scratch I: Computational Graphs
Show HN: Build circuit boards faster with computer vision
> This is a continuum.

It is not. A language feature is either amenable to static analysis (not necessarily type checking) or it is not.

> Consider dynamic class loading in Java, dlopen / reinterpret_cast in C++ etc.

This actually emphasizes my point. Features that are not amenable to static analysis are problematic for tooling.
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They were announced back in June: http://www.businessinsider.com/apple-imac-pro-space-gray-key...
> A good tool should be able to be used at any scale.

I don't necessarily agree that a tool should be used at any scale even if it's technically possible to. Cost (multiple dimensions, including money and engineering effort) factors in.
Headlines are previews, and clickbait is just making the preview oversell the content, and is the natural result of pay-per-view micropayments, which a what web advertising is.
Whuffie?
Me personally I would spend the time on AI and python.
Sure, Stanford, Harvard & many top tier universities provide financial aid. I think that's awesome and to be encouraged. Getting into those institutions or being even aware of them is another matter. The disadvantages that many American's face start way downstream in high school, etc.

If you don't have parents who have gone to college before or go to a school with good teachers, you probably won't even know to apply to a top tier school.

A common theme that I have seen amongst my friends who have gone to Stanford/Berkeley/etc is that their parents had them doing extracurricular activities from a very young age to pad their entrance letters. Poorer families, have less resources and hence less time to engage in activities like this.

Just getting into Stanford or a top US college requires an incredible amount of work above and beyond good grades.

I have a very good friend who charge's $200 an hour to put together college application letters for top schools.

Income inequality in the USA is a huge disadvantage that many Americans face.

I'm not saying that income inequality is not an issue many immigrants don't face. I'm just particularly aware of it coming from a country (Ireland) that has good social benefits, like free healthcare, educations, etc. I think these things put me at an advantage compared to what many of my American peers had to go through.
>Static and dynamic typing each have their own benefits,

I struggle to think of any benefits of dynamic typing on a reasonably sized code-base (e.g. 50k+ LOC).
Or in their own country.
So monads are procedures? And here I was, thinking that they were lists. Or I/O operations. Possibly burritos. I still haven't quite wrapped my head around monads. Maybe I need to find just one more monad tutorial.
The point of Bitcoin is to be p2p cash. A centrally mined thing is... centralized digital cash. We already have central digital cash.
What do you think are the problems of emacs?
A bone marrow biopsy is much more painful than an aspiration, which is what our physicians do. There is variability, but my own experience was a fleeting cramp (3 out of 10), that lasted about 15 seconds. I have been many of our collections, and that's typical. A local anesthetic is used, and mostly what you feel is pressure. You don't see anything, because the draw is on your lower back. Our physicians often prescribe an oral pain killer, and sometimes something to relax you. However, a surprising number of our clients decline both, typically because they want to drive home. The procedure takes about 15 minutes from laying down on your side, to standing up again. You are usually in and out within 1 hour.
Could you clarify how you are making the comparison?

I understand you are talking about the energy cost and other environmental impacts of gold mining, I just don't see how you are determining the present day value of the utility that each thing provides to humanity.
How about time based micro payments? If I only read the first paragraph or two, I only pay a few cents. If I continue reading, I pay more. Articles, then, would have to be written to pull the reader into the piece and keep her there.

Just a thought I've had. Not sure how well it would work in practice.
I'm much less concerned with that question than whether or not it should be this way. Personally, I'm not given to throwing my hands up with a "capitalism amirite?"
Just wanted to chip in and say HTTP EventSource has been really nice to work with, we've been using it in production for 1+ year
I don't know about smoking, but there have been studies showing the positive impact of exercise on stem cell health.
Hi HN!

As a team of 10 electrical engineers at SnapEDA, we know how frustrating it is to gather all the data (like symbols & footprints) needed to make a circuit board. Although we’ve built up a large database on SnapEDA, there may be times when the part you need can’t be found.

That’s why today we’re launching InstaBuild! InstaBuild is based on the underlying technology we use internally to make parts, and we’re releasing it today as a free tool to the engineering community.

We used a computer vision framework that's a bit more sophisticated than OCR (which we also used) because we detect cell placement and table lines to properly extract data

Here’s how it works:

1. The tool extracts pin data from datasheets. It tries to understand the function of each pin (in/our/power, etc.), and then auto-configures the symbol based on our published symbol standards.

2. We then map the symbol to a verified, IPC-compliant footprint.

3. The part is ready to download to your desired PCB design software format (ex: Eagle, Altium, KiCad, Cadence, Mentor, etc.).

Would love to get feedback on where we should take this next. Thanks HN!
> continuity of care improves patient outcome.

This is brought up in every such discussion. Is it really true that US and UK hospitals have better outcomes than EU/Scandinavian ones where the EU working time directive is taken at least a bit more seriously?
>You can't fund a month long investigative report based on micropayments,

But that type of expensive journalism also wasn't funded by subscriptions in the past. Woodword & Bernstein's long reporting on Watergate was funded by classified ads and advertising dollars from local businesses like car dealerships.

NYTimes was recently break-even and then somewhat profitable with digital subscriptions -- but they also had to reduce the headcount over the last 10 years to reduce costs. So far, no newspaper has successfully replaced all the previous ad dollars with digital subscription payments.
One Way is through Proof of Stake, which Ethereum will likely be moving towards in the future.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof-of-stake
Ireland may receive non-compliance fine as a part of Apple’s tax ruling
No worries. Excellent resources BTW, they made for a great weekend morning read.
I would argue the exact opposite is true. Can you cite examples?
I'm guessing many of the miners are located in regions like Washington State or Quebec with low cost relatively-green hydroelectric power and the power use doesn't correspond to the environmental impact of an average small city (except obviously one located where the miners are).
Unfortunately the way that it gets handed to the service components, they can only spend the money on what it's budgeted for. This leads to situations where training budgets are very tight but you have a huge office supply budget. So units buy $1000 chairs but can't afford to send their troops to training
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* Project management webapp for construction companies (Rails, AngularJS, Bootstrap)

Buzzwords: Debian, Ubuntu, AWS, PostgreSQL, Perl, Common Lisp, Clojure, Ruby, Go, Arduino / AVR, Elixir / Phoenix, FreeBSD

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Mingy little versions of supermarkets represent a contraction of consumer choice.

The UK should just do away with silly no shopping on Sundays at large stores because you really should be in church laws.
>friendly learning curve

To be honest, i love Common Lisp, it might be the most powerful programming language out there, but it's not easy to learn at all. In part because, being a truly multi-paradigm language, you should better make sure you are well versed in most programming paradigms first, otherwise you won't leverage the full power of Lisp. Not to mention the paradigm of meta-programming and DSLs, something that is usually new to programmers foreign to Lisp.

However, languages like Clojure and Smalltalk can be rather easy to learn, and they are fairly powerful.

Smalltalk was designed to be taught to kids!!
Why not move to Canada?
Sure. I'm just saying that the current situation - where ~5% of the world's population has gotten used to a standard of living far in excess of their productive capacity because they were the only developed country left standing after WW2 - is a very unstable equilibrium. Either we're eclipsed as a nation by China (pop 1.379B) or India (pop 1.324B), each 20% of the world; or the whole concept of nationhood falls apart, and we get city-states in a global trade confederation; or we end up lobbing nukes at every major population center and suddenly the world population is 100M instead of 7B. All of these I'd consider to be bad outcomes, but if I had to choose between them, I'd prefer the second.

The idea that America's going to continue to be on top of the world for the next 20-30 years is unrealistic, though, barring some major technological development that makes each American 5 times as effective as the corresponding foreigner. That's part of the point of this visa program, I guess, to ensure that that technological breakthrough happens here rather than elsewhere.
Practical Advice for Building Deep Neural Networks
You could probably answer this question using this resource [1].

However, someone used it to show no associations between psychotic episodes (specifically) AFTER controlling for other factors (that are associated with cat ownership)[2].

Using the adjustments they made, I could wildly speculate that possibly dog owners will be less likely than cat owners to have mental illness, because dogs require a certain amount of wealth, living space, etc - and the lack of these things is associated both with cat ownership and mental illness, maybe, just not in rural areas...

[1]http://www.bristol.ac.uk/alspac/researchers/access/
[2]https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medici...
Slightly-off topic rant, but as a Bay Area millennial in the tech industry, I find it completely preposterous just how much even us with six-figure salaries are willing to spend for the opportunity to live above their favorite brunch spot in the Mission District.

A lot of fresh grads in the industry think that spending 50-70% of their net income on rent is a completely reasonable thing to do. Though my observations are unscientific, plenty of my friends are living paycheck to paycheck, eating out all the time, constantly travelling, by choice because their friends are doing the same. They don't want to take the extra 15 minutes on a train to visit their friends by living in a more affordable area. When I lived in Oakland for instance, my friends in SF would almost never visit me because it was just a bit too far even though I'm walking distance from the Oakland City Center BART station.

This insatiable desire for young techies to spend a stupid amount of their money to be part of this elite club is astounding.
Change is in the air
I agree. These out of context questions really bother me, as I have no frame of reference to relate the quantity to to know if it's excessive or not. It just seems like a pure ply for attention. Here are some questions that would make for a better answer:

How much energy do household TV's use?

How much energy does the sports industry use?

How much energy does it take to run our traffic system?

How much energy does the gold mining industry use?

How much energy does it take to run the US Stock Exchange?

At least the article should put up a fair power comparison...
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Because your "things" are too far away from the hub, or just in general? Which things are you trying to hook it up with?
But that electricity is cheaply available. We could stop bitcoin's use of electricity overnight, if electricity began to cost more than the expected return on investment. And this will inevitably happen anyway, since bitcoins only get harder to mine over time. This is a temporary problem.

Honestly it seems more like "bitcoin is a way to launder stolen electricity" rather than "oh noes, if people keep mining, eventually they'll have a huge impact on global energy consumption"
Summary: Supermarkets open and close based on profit per square foot. Therefore they close in poor neighborhoods and stack up 3 or 4 deep in wealthy neighborhoods.

The author calls for some type of regulation on supermarkets or "the control of food supply". For example rules that chain stores provide evidence they are appropriate for the income level of the neighborhood, as in San Francisco.

"Until then, the food supply of UK cities – and the character of our neighbourhoods – will be subject only to the law of which supermarket locations are most profitable per square foot."

This is related to the "food desert" phenomenon cropping up in the US. Haven't heard much being done on this front: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_desert
The 12-on is composed of a 6-hour operator shift, followed by 6 hours of maintenance and training. I think the 12+6 is based on maintaining full awareness over a 6 hour period, and in that sense it basically works. If you eat when you wake up, and after your operator shift, then that also works out to two meals per 18-hour day, and gives you a normal-ish 12 hour gap between your last meal and waking up.
Find the Influencers with the Most Reach: 6 Tactics You Can Use Right Now
The man in my basement book review by Walter Mosley
I would also just add that opening up the code doesn't mean you have to have perfect docs in place. This is a great idea, though, and I enjoyed the game.
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> a globally tradeable cryptocurrency with billions in market cap only requires the energy of a "small city."

It only sounds good because we haven't really considered the scale here, so let's scale that up a bit.

What if even 1% of non cash financial transactions in the US were handled with BTC? For 2015, that would have worked out to about $1.8T.

How big would BTC need to be to handle that? Well, it looks like last year it's estimated to have done a little over $100B, so it'd have to scale somewhere around 15-20x to even cover 1% of one country's transactions...

[1] https://www.federalreserve.gov/newsevents/press/other/2016-p...

[2]https://blockchain.info/charts/estimated-transaction-volume?...
Legally, they are not; naturalized citizens are Americans, permanent resident aliens remain aliens.

There's certainly an argument to be made that they concept of a “permanent resident alien” is a an elaborate circumlocution for “disenfranchized citizen”, and that permanent residence and citizenship ought to be intrinsically linked (not saying I necessarily agree, but I've certainly seen a reasonable argument made), but there is a difference between ought to be and is.
Take note, people: ed is the standard text editor.
It depends on whether you consider distributed consensus to be fundamental to cyber coins or not.

For instance, a cyber coin could publish a hash of their block chain in the New York Times everyday. A sound implementation would secure the chain up to that point.
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San Francisco, now with more dystopia
The Bitcoin protocol contains an incrementally diminishing mining reward that prevents endless expansion of mining long term
Most of the miners are in China, which runs a lot of coal and gas