skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This is a problem which has, unsurprisingly been attacked from the angle of Marxian economics rather than only orthodox economics; Andrew Kliman who is particularly famous within Marxian economics for his TSSI solution to the charges of Marx's inconsistency in Vol. III of Capital has addressed it in the context of the operation of capitalism in general in his book The Failure of Capitalist Production[0], though its name spells something already reiterated many times by Marxists, he takes the lens through the panic of 2008 and what has followed it. It's a very good read even for those who aren't looking into Marxian economics.

He finds, contraray to mainstream Left accounts of the economy that "U.S workers are not being paid less in real terms than decades ago; their real pay has risen and their share in the nation's income has not fallen. It is higher now than it was in 1960 and it has been stable since 1970." nevertheless he pursues a Marxist analysis throughout the book even bearing this seemingly fatal attack to claims of worker exploitation in mind.

For a more theoretical investigation into the roots and effects of automiton on employment, I must recommend Ernest Mandel's short work "Marx, the Present Crisis and the Future of Labour"[1] from 1985 which marshalls statistics, with examples from Japan, for the validity of Marx's claims.

[0] https://libcom.org/files/The%20failure%20of%20capitalist%20p...

[1] https://www.marxists.org/archive/mandel/1985/xx/future.html
From the documentation of Array for Swift it has the same behaviour as Rust's Vec (it's growable, it allocates double the capacity after reaching max length). I'd find it pretty odd if it didn't share the same 3 word length as String. Also, how would it quickly know it's length if it didn't also store it's length in the same structure as the ptr to it's heap location? You'd have to chase 2 pointers just to get the length.

I'd guess that Swift also has something analogous to an array slice, which would be a (possibly) immutable borrow to a chunk of array data on the heap. This also happens to be a good use case for borrows.

From the other comment here it seems like Swift is pursuing an ownership model similar to Rusts, in which case, immutable borrows will become more important when you think about struct contents. You can only have a single owner, but you can specify many borrowers. This kind of thing is important when you have an array or vector of types, often you don't want those types to have a single owner but you want them to be populated or store a reference from somewhere else.

Anyway, don't dismiss the concept out of hand. Immutable borrows definitely have their uses, whether it's made explicit to you or not in Swift is another thing entirely.
Click the time next to my post and you can post a reply to my comment directly even if the reply link doesn't appear.

The balloon was strictly meant as an analogy, but it is illustrative and establishes the upper bound on the rate of increase of water volume.

Regardless of that, showing a linear increase in sea level (constant rate) still necessarily implies a non-constant increase in water volume due to the shape of the "container" for the oceans. Our oceans are not bounded by sheer walls, so it must also be increasing in surface area (spread over land). If it is increasing in surface area and still increasing linearly in sea level [0], then the volume is growing at a super-linear rate. That means each year more water is going into the oceans than the prior year (on average, at least).

[0] One measure from San Francisco, of course, is not enough to demonstrate this as there will be lots of local variations due to many factors.
If you didn't see the link to the paper, it's here: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1709.06158.pdf A wide range of usecases are discussed there.
Since it's mentioned in the first sentence before the contents of the book, and this is HN, here are some instructions for the DIY Kearny Fallout Meter[0].

[0]http://www.abomb1.org/pdf/kfm_inst.pdf

Apologies if this isn't the most recent version.
As an engineer and not a researcher, are invariant subspace attacks worth digging into? Is there a better starting point than the PRINTcipher paper?
The problem isn't targeted advertising. The problem is the information the ad companies collect in order to provide targeted advertising. If I could get targeted advertising in some magical fashion without the advertising company having any information about me, that would be pretty interesting. But it doesn't work that way¹. And I don't want ad companies (or really anybody) to have the kind of information necessary to do targeted advertising.

¹It could theoretically be done, e.g. maybe the ad company provides 1000 possible ads and my device selects the best one itself. But I can't see anyone actually doing that.
The FDA has one, but it's based on a maximum safe exposure to humans--which makes it fairly lenient.
Piracy is part of the classic "there are no problems so let's create some" response that has fueled such wonderful human endeavors like US wars since WWII, the drug war, and now information copying. The racket goes something like this: some people are happy and content so we must create some chaos and problems for them which will allow us to go in and 'solve' these fake problems in exchange for taking their money or other valuables. Who cares if people die, get tortured, or thrown in jail as a side effect? Fuck those people, fake problem X is so much more important we can tolerate those lives being ended or ruined. Substitute whatever you want that people are scared of for problem X and you got a modern day economy. By reinvesting some of that money into problem X, one can keep a racket like this going for decades, maybe centuries.
When Dissent Became Treason
What's the point of having an opinion if it's not a morally normative one? /s
Would be extra nice if the blog post ended with a cool demo or insight.
Why do we need such a definition at all? Anyone can see that 50Mbps > 40Mbps > 30 > 10 > 1Mbps. And everyone is, regardless of any given definition, going to figure out how many Mbps will suit their purposes, and then buy the package from their ISP that they find to be the best tradeoff.
These results look pretty encouraging as to the general quality of the various browsers, until you read the fine print: "Only security bugs were counted in the results (doing anything else is tricky as some browser vendors fix non-security crashes while some don’t)." So, the numbers they show don't count random crashes, never mind incorrect behavior.

And who'd have thought that some vendors aren't even interested in fixing "non-security" crashes; I wonder which vendors those are? And I wonder how many "non-security crashes" their fuzzer found in each browser?

Even worse, they laud MS for the MemGC technology they use in their browsers, but MemGc is just a last-minute hack to try to keep use-after-free bugs from being security holes (by ignoring frees to anything that still has a pointer to it), without having to actually fix them. So, lots more bugs that really ought to crash instead go on to other undefined behavior, which hopefully doesn't amount to a security problem (never mind simply incorrect behavior).

So, it seems that their fuzzer is finding lots and lots more bugs, and they're just not telling us how many there actually were. Maybe the title should indicate better that they're limiting themselves to security vulnerabilities. I suppose there's a call for that sort of measurement, but it would be nice to also hear about the general quality of the software under test. The notion that they'd rate a browser that did exactly nothing as having a 100% perfect rating of zero bugs kind of rankles.
>Does this mean that any digital conspiracy you can dream up involving the NSA is probable?

No. If I dreamed up that the NSA was using frequencies in CPUs to control our behaviors and increase our orange juice consumption, there are still reasons to not treat that one as having any reasonable probability of being true, compared to the notion that the NSA is working to get back-doors into software. Reasons for this difference in probability are based on feasibility, implications if true, how specific the claim is, and if it is in line with past behaviors.
And not really exponential. Something interesting happened 2003-2004 though. We can perhaps observe lead up to dot-bomb (1996-1999 growth) and the 2008 financial crisis.

http://hpics.li/2e78909

1994,3153191
1995,4813587
1996,7539137
1997,13755958
1998,16107028
1999,15935643
2000,17548021
2001,16873202
2002,18904001
2003,27723307
2004,47116841
2005,47982675
2006,50672891
2007,51322342
2008,49635521
2009,45312542
2010,45384720
2011,46455461
2012,46733150
2013,45842099
2014,47065954
2015,48112988
2016,46636963
2017,47037415
I saw it as a uniquely Chinese perspective on humanity. As the series helpfully reminds you, barely 40 years ago, China was in the midst of the Cultural Revolution, a collective self-inflicted madness which we would find difficult to imagine.

With that as your history and living memory, it's not surprising if your opinion of humanity's emotional maturity isn't as high as it could be.
Seconded. Postgres is such a high quality project in so many ways. I'm rarely left wanting when using it, and very often pleasantly surprised.
I would agree but at this point also warn to not indicate policy maker corruption since - just as for digital goods piracy - there was no conclusive evidence presented for corruption in EU at this point. ;-)
It’s Magit and you’re the magician
Labor productivity is up.

That means workers are producing more per hour for employers.

Yet wages are flat.

Who captured that extra productivity?

And what changed in the economy to allow them to capture incremental worker productivity instead of the workers themselves?
> The argument could have been made without the stereotype, I agree. But it is an open secret in NYC that people, especially in Soviet neighborhoods, abuse the welfare system. I'll drop it though because I only have anecdata.

I'd take those ex-soviet commonwealth welfare abusers anytime over welfare non-abusers any time.

These projects are one of the nicest and the most well maintained projects in the city. They bribe the city housing dept to win the lottery, and take the money they would have to spend on purchasing the property to maintain it.

Its almost like giving UBI to those who don't need it, give you a better society, and giving UBI to those who need it, you get more 'needs'.
Where are you based and why did you drop out of PM?
Actually, the fact that it hasn't been unrolled completely yet without backlash is a testament to how angry people are when you try to take their protections away.
No I did not. Doesn't it come as obvious that people start asking for equal treatment? Or you just build new barriers and second class citizens.

If USA would pay UBI I would do my best to somehow become citizen, there is no reason for me why I shouldn't try. And there are over 7 billion people on the planet, I'm not the only one who thinks that way. That is why I raised the question of borders/immigration + UBI. It's very different situation when it is now for illegals and also people who want to become citizens.
> I got so frustrated that I just quit and never even had the curiosity to know how it ends.

lol, then you missed the brief Act 3!
Maybe. I recently updated some of my company's internal training material, and discovered there still isn't a single (good) definition of "Big Data". Most definitions talk evaluating data on four dimensions: volume, variety, velocity and veracity. That's still a vague, but it's more helpful than looking at volume alone.

Besides, if we picked machine size as _the_ definition, it would change every year. And that feels like a bad way to talk about big data.

(BTW, I'm not a huge fan of the term in general: I've seen a lot of companies sold a bill of good because some sales guy convinced them they needed a Big Data solution instead of something like Postgres)
https://lobste.rs/

This actually has articles that don't make it to the front page of HN.

https://slashdot.org/

Many faults but the best moderation system around.

https://soylentnews.org/

An alternative to Slashdot.
I didn't think anyone would read this, so I'm just seeing this. Thanks for the comment.

Did you find a good rhythm / rotation to understand first-hand pains without devoting all your time on customer support?
Mathematics predicts a sixth mass extinction
This is such bullsh!t. Suing oil companies while, I'm sure, both Oakland and San Francisco benefitted from their wares for sale. In fact, without them, I'm sure both cities would have fared much worse in the past few decades.

This is a classic example of looking a gift horse in the mouth. Putting regulations on oil companies would benefit all, rather than this frivolous lawsuit which would benefit the two cities ONLY.
Book one: lots and lots of scientists committing suicide out of despair that science is a lie (reader demographic will relate to this how?).

End of book one: yay!

Beginning of book two: oh we're totally fucked.

End of book two: yay?

Beginning of book three: yeah, we're totally fucked.

End of book three: the universe and all possible future universes are totally fucked.

It was epic. Highly recommended. So good to read sci-fi without a happy ending. Liked Horizon: Zero Dawn for same reason.
Postgresql keeps getting better and better everytime! It's amazing the type of features you can pull off once you have a solid foundation :) (P.S. Have been using MySQL in past and MySQL now feels like stoneage database)
Well, you know, they're aliens. The books never describe what they actually look like but you can well imagine that they are some kind of insect like creatures which would be horrifying to us.

For many life forms even on Earth, going into stasis during difficult times is a completely normal occurence.
More support for the exploding planets hypothesis! https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sumer_anunnaki/esp_sumer_...
Real compensation has been growing. It's just now a larger portion of 'compensation' is benefits rather than just wages.

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/COMPRNFB

edit:

in the 60s/70s wages were 80% of compensation.

https://www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/cwc/compensation-in-the-1970s.p...

wages are now 70% of compensation and 63% for public employees.

https://www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/ecec.pdf
Be sure to update your photo as well, to the one on the right.
Interesting that you cite Krugman here, because my interpretation of the history (since the 70s) is the other way round: governments have prioritised inflation control, by controlling interest rates. And the transmission mechanism is that higher interest rates reduce investment and therefore employment. Policy has been to avoid full employment because it causes upwards wage pressure.
So? We're talking about changes over 40 year timespans. Your observation reads: Labor is being screwed slightly less quickly lately.
They are quoting Sputnik there.

It would be able to do enormous damage to 10 or 20 population centers.
Box2D.go
Fans Manage to Will a Lupita Nyong'o-Rihanna Buddy Movie into Existence
Does anyone know whatever happened to the columnar storage work that 2nd quadrant posted on their blog: https://blog.2ndquadrant.com/postgresql-10-roadmap/

Is this essentially a pipe dream?
Introduction to Character Recognition
Those ICBMs can hold 10-15 warheads, but each warhead only destroys 10-15 sq miles. You'd need at least 5-10 just to mostly destroy the Dallas metro area.
I didn't know about that. I'll look into it!
> The policy tool deployed to create jobs has been to use the central bank (via its mandate to maintain employment) to inflate the currency.

In my previous comment here, I compared the United States' post-Carter economic policy to medicating with street stimulants [1].

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15301731

I also like to compare the government's money-pumping schemes to firefighters who point their hose where they see the fire (above the roof), instead of fighting it at its source.

Firefighters are smarter than that. I think 'gullible' is a requirement for most elected offices.
> No it's not, few people care about what skin colour the characters in a work of entertainment have, unless it is fundamental to the plot or an aspect of the source material.

I guess I'm one of the few, but I actively look for diversity in my entertainment. I'm not looking for diversity within a particular show, I'm looking for stories about other cultures, and entertainment from the perspective of other cultures than my own. So the point about race vs source material is irrelevant.

> At very least, they do not care enough to self-segregate and bear separately the cost of producing an entirely different set of works of entertainment which are of competitive quality.

They who? You are speaking for the Afrostream subscribers who did exactly that?

> Nobody watches Big Brother Africa and thinks "You know, it's weird that this reality game show set in sub-Saharan Africa is full of sub-Saharan Africans".

I think you're constructing a straw man argument here. The issue isn't that specific shows have an odd race balance. The issue is that our media as a whole is lacking stories of Africa and Asia and Latin America, among other places. We lack stories from the perspective of women and old people too. It's getting better, in part due to market demand, but there are still too many new shows being made that are mostly full of young male LA B-actors.
Oh gosh no!

We already have something similar with memory mapped files. The original .doc format was just Word's data structures shoved in a memory-mapped file. That's why it was so hard to make 3rd party applications compatible.

Serialization, like xml or SQLite, is needed to ensure that a file format is interoperable among different programs and different versions of your program. How can you add a field to a data structure in version 2 when your data structures are so tightly coupled to your persistent data?

Furthermore, things like SQLite offer indexing that lets you find data without needing to traverse all your RAM in a foreach loop. It abstracts away your application's data's format from the algorithm needed to access it quickly.

And finally, what happens when your program crashes? What if your data structures are in a bad state, or corrupt? What about transactional integrity? How do you abstract your pointers, because the addresses of your structures will change the next time around.

I suspect that SQLite (and similar) will have updates that take advantage of persistent memory.

(Edit) I also suspect that persistent memory will help lower power consumption. A device could go into a kind of a sleep mode much more easily if it didn't need to page in and out its memory.
Well the real trend of the central bank interest rate over the last 30 years (since volcker) disagrees with you.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_funds_rate#/media/Fi...
Would be good to use the headline 'Boring, complex and important: a recipe for the web's dire future' instead, or maybe something like 'More by Cory Doctorow on why the EFF resigned from the W3C.'
Compensation has kept pace with productivity.

Source: http://i.imgur.com/5mOQARo.png
aargh_aargh! You're right, of course.

There's bound to be tons more rot elsewhere, though. And, if they don't eat humble pie now, perhaps they will next time when the exploit can't be mitigated in firmware or via microcode updates. Then lawsuits are filed and consumer protection laws get passed and we see some actual positive change.
Isn't this just security theater? Does moving coins to one of their "vaults" actually do anything in the event coinbase is hacked?
Except of course you can escape from the Light Tombs using the pocket dimention door thing from the end of the book. That's another thing I found insane, in order to prove to the universe that you are not a threat you alter the speed of light in a solar system sized area in a way that the entire universe can easily see. If that isn't threatening I don't know what is. It doesn't even protect you from attacks!

The logic that "if you see someone, you must kill them" is kind of like "the first country that develops nuclear weapons must immediately deploy them against every other country, even thought that dooms the world to a nuclear winter." It's super-villain logic that ignores all of the other potential solutions--like diplomac--and ignores the MAD component of being able to easily destroy solar systems.

The entire reason given that alien species can't coexist is due to limited resources, but the Dark Forest mindset means they'll never be able to use those resources in the first place and at the end of the day they end up destroying all of them anyway. It's self defeating, and logically they should be able to figure that out.

The book feels like it's written by some game theory nerd who can't look past the first order equations.
But what about them movies?

There are no record companies there.
Ouch, that's really, really not good.
The fact that WhatsApp is non-free and backdoored <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13389935> is a good enough reason not to use it instead of telegram (or wire or signal or tox or most e2e programs).
> And who'd have thought that some vendors aren't even interested in fixing "non-security" crashes;

While I can't answer that I can tell you that I was very surprised Firefox showed little interest to fix this:
https://files.hboeck.de/crashff.html
(linux only, crash via notification api, bug open for a year)
Can you integrate this with jupyter instead? Since there is already a nice UI made for it?
CFTC chairman: Government must ditch ‘analog regulation,’ embrace blockchain
How to build a rich life, even if you aren't a financial genius
JDK 9 General-Availability Release
"A while" being defined as what? 5 years, 10, 15, 20? I don't think that companies this large (and dependent on their product) can change their business plan in whatever your contrived timeframe is. I'm not defending the oil companies, but I defend the cost of change, the time to do it, and the demands still upon them to produce their main product: oil.

Can we expect the companies to shift production to something other than oil? In fact, as we became more and more aware of human-influenced climate change, we LEARNED what caused the problem. It's easy to look back on when we first really determined humans and the biggest cause of climate change, and judge them based on what we know NOW. Taking 2017 knowledge and applying it to 1997 by saying "they've had a long time to fix this" is disingenuous armchair quarterbacking at worst.
I don't think that's what they are intended to defend against. They are supposed to help if your login data gets compromised.
Europe. Dropping PM was a result of:
1) could not get hired in my area,
2) the feeling that not getting my hands dirty in tech was less valuable.