skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In general, type reflection does mean making type information available at runtime. However, GHC does erase types at compile time.

The resolution of this apparently contradiction is in the type class mechanism. Type classes ("classes" for short) can be seen as functions from type to value that are automatically resolved by the compiler as much as possible. (There are many other semantically-valid interpretations, like predicates on types, proof obligations, etc.)

Most classes are library-level constructs, defined and implemented entirely with libraries, but there are a few special ones that are completely managed by the compiler. One of the few compiler-managed classes is named Typeable, which allows you to request a runtime representation of the type of an expression. It then provides tools for testing if the runtime representations correspond to the same type, and proving two types are the same at runtime. This is useful in the case where you can prove something is type safe, but the type system doesn't provide you with the tools to express it.

Common cases where you end up doing this in Haskell are creating heterogeneous stores with type-safe keys, or mechanisms like GHC's exception system.

Anyway, the new part here is the addition of a variant of Typeable. It gives more information at compile time so that it can enable a few more tricks within the type system and the implementation doesn't depend on as many unsafe internal primitives.
Virtual Machine King of the Hill; Can Your Program Survive?
Does it mention anything about timeline?
Very nice! I wonder if it would be possible to embed that into pgAdmin? Possibly with Electron?
Learning algorithms for the sake of it is incredibly dull, for me. I find reading about nice algorithms interesting, but I don't remember anything later unless I'm solving a problem.

You're better off working through a problem set like Project Euler, or trying some TopCoder Single Round Matches (SRMs, there's a huge archive). At least that way you'll see some interesting puzzles and you'll get exposed to the majority of the 'standard' algorithms.

By the time you get 'good' you should be able to read a problem statement and immediately think "Ok, this is some kind of graph problem" or "List of sorted stuff? Probably need to use binary search". There are some good books like Skienna's the Algorithm Design Manual which encourages this kind of intuition.
I think this skips out probably what is the biggest hurdle for "nerds"; you can't trick your crushes into liking you back by being a nice friend to them.
Non-determinism should be on a leaf of the DAG.
I have ground my own primary mirror, yes. Even wrote a series of blog posts on it a long while ago: http://www.cydeweys.com/blog/tag/amateur-telescope-making/
Is it really accurate to call socket.io a "non-web" library? Even lodash is questionable in that category - while not strictly tied to the web, it is primarily used in web apps. I'd be curious to see lower level stuff and/or stuff further removed from the web in the non-web category.
In addition to all the siblings; this is also important in research - which increasingly uses computers. If you provide a paper, source code, dataset and description of the system(s) used - can someone reproduce your research?

It would certainly be convenient if you can point to a version/snapshot of Debian (or another distribution) - and it would then be possible to take your (say C) source code and compile and run the same binary used for research.

It's true that often getting the algorithm more-or-less right is enough - but the more research is augmented by computing devices, the more important it becomes to maintain reproducibility - and the more complex and capable these computer devices (say a top-100 supercomputer, software stack in C++ on top of MPI, some Fortran numeric libraries etc) become - the harder it becomes to maintain it.

Imagine verifying research done today by repeating experiments in 50 years.
"We know what that means."

I don't. I found the parent's post a bit thought provoking.

If you'd expand your thoughts, it might be interesting.
Podcast on helping people grow in faith and Christian spirituality
Either that, or the homepage owner doesn't want to pay the hosting (bandwidth) costs, so he/she just references the Way Back machine. This is kinda brilliant.
It does not follow logically that just because men and women are biologically different that those differences are necessarily significant with regard to career distributions.
Going beyond the tech into the business side, at $500 million a pop for the smaller SPARC sized fusion reactors. There's an opportunity for startup funding for this. Probably a market of 1,000-10,000 of these smaller reactors around the world, just for the initial first generation.
I write a lot of ETL scripts in Node for https://www.findlectures.com use lodash in pretty much everything, for me it basically serves the role of collections libraries in other languages
This is a weird premise. It's github. Of course it is predominantly tools for coders. End user applications have wholly separate paths to the user. An application could have a handful of contributors/stars/downloads etc. on github and still have millions of downloads somewhere else (a project I work on fits that description). And, it might not be on github at all and still be used by millions daily.

I guarantee openssh, Firefox, LibreOffice, and probably a hundred other applications, are (orders of magnitude) more popular than the top applications on this list.

So, if this were titled, "Most open source software on github..." I wouldn't object. But, I have to completely reject the premise here, because I know that there's an entire iceberg of OSS software, including applications, that is completely excluded from the listing by virtue of either not being on github or being on github, but not using github as its primary method of distribution and promotion, and this data completely ignores everything below the surface.

Also, it's probably dangerous to begin to think of "Open Source Software" as only being "Software that has a public github repo".
>a whois on my public IP revealed that it belongs to the original ISP, not whatever local ISP I was using

did you do other checks to see if your traffic was being censored? a whois of your public ip says nothing about whether your traffic has been manipulated.

> Even visiting Google shows the Google page of the original country. I guess they just have agreements to tunnel traffic in a way that circumvents the Great Firewall.

google serves pages depending on your public ip
Alea GPU – GPU Programming with F#
The first bullet point you wrote about the 50 kinds of toothpaste becoming debilitating is a good example of the "Paradox of Choice". A good TED talk is given [0], or a shorter animated one: [1].

Essentially, too many options leads to paralysis and second-guessing yourself. Good videos if you have the time to watch them.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VO6XEQIsCoM
[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F4QzhSlqmqg
I have an Autonomous.ai motorized sit/stand desk. It is much more sturdier and stable than similar desks from IKEA.
> Why do they work mostly in STEM/IT? Because their home countries emphasise certain skills in school, because it's much easier to work in IT when you're from a foreign country than law, journalism, or business. And because these things often create feedback loops, because some people return and start teaching, or their stories become examples for others to follow.

I'm not disagreeing with you. You are saying that there are cultural reasons for why certain groups are over-represented in STEM fields, and that's my point: is quite possible that these cultural reasons are a much larger factor than bias and discrimination.
And tritium has a short half-life, too. It'd be interesting to calculate how many tonnes of tritiated water at the same concentration as Fukushima's could be dumped into the ocean per day and be diluted enough to have no meaningful biological effects. It's probably a huge number.
Moving is a knob is a lot different than building a knob.
I'll go against the grain here.

I think moving is better than just standing. I'd get a treadmill desk.

Lifespan Fitness makes a treadmill that goes under a desk, and then you can use whatever desk you want.

In my configuration, I have a desk I bought from a local vendor. It has a motor that raises and lowers the desk, and I mount a VESA arm to the middle of the desk. On the right side, I have the treadmill. On the left side, I have a chair. I alternate between the two positions.

Here's a picture: https://www.dropbox.com/s/089qqvaa7j5ob77/office_setup.jpg?d...

I make use of the Pomodoro Technique while I'm working... so I'm typically walking for 25 minute cycles, then 5 minute breaks between. A long break every 4 cycles, and I sit down for all the breaks.
If this doesn't rock you down to your toes, you are not an motor enthusiast. At least not a born motor enthusiast.
I know zero. In fact, before I saw this post I didn't even know what it was.

Now, I'm pretty sure this is because I don't live in the US. Is this a purely US-specific service, or is it available (and used) anywhere else.

If not, are there similar services in other countries? I believe Wepay in China is something similar, but I don't know much about that one either.
Testosterone does wonders. Logarithmic increase in quality of life, if any, by time wasted, yet men do it all the time.

Verbal brilliance of women is also a purely biological thing. Their brain is wired for it.

These things influence and create inequalities.

There's no discrimination in modern western world capable enough and encompassing to create that kind of impact.

It might be that exactly discrimination (as is done in Iran) influences women to pursue STEM fields (and they do) but in the free world women go for their own desires.
Crony capitalism stinks, but the first amendment protects freedom of the press. You are crossing into very dangerous territory when you limit the right to express one's political opinion, even if it is corrupt.

Perhaps a better idea would be to have the voters decide on how much a senator should get paid after his term is completed. That might help keep them more true to their campaign promises.
You and author are spinning in circles as is typical in this discussion. In his post he characterized what you wrote as the sort of thing proponents of the "sexism-is-the-cause-for-no-women-in-STEM" theory would say. You characterized what he said as something a sexist proponent of "sexism-is-NOT-the-cause-for-no-women-in-STEM" theory would say.

But here's the crux of his argument that is never answered honestly:

>Is it possible that something other than discrimination is a main source of gender gaps in STEM?

And I think it's clear that the answer is YES! So what are we talking about here?
Their data comes from loan applications. Talk about selection bias ...
I'd rather know why people disagree than see my post silently downvoted, so I'll elaborate.

The idea of a "natural equilibrium" or some such is mostly a misconception. It's a misleading way of thinking especially in the long term. Conditions change, organisms adapt to the changes, but changing one condition of many back to a previous state (e.g. by getting rid of moths) doesn't mean that organisms that have adapted to that condition will somehow "roll back" their adaptation. Instead, the new change will necessitate a new adaptation.

In this case, whitebark pines have been a major source of food for yellowstone bears, but have been in decline due to mountain pine beetles. Their season begins earlier and earlier as the air temperature rises, and their generations grow larger and larger, their life spans longer and longer.

This means that if you wipe out the moths, bears won't realistically go back to eating what has historically been their diet. Instead, they will have to adapt in some other way, for example by migrating up the mountains where it is colder (less beetles), start harassing humans, eat some other abundant bug etc.

Bears are good at foraging, though, and will seemingly eat whatever they find, so they may just find another source of food near their habitats when the moths are gone.

On how bears adapt to the lack of pine seeds (mostly by eating other stuff rather than migrating): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4063492/

On how there are more mountain pine beetles (because of temperature increases): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22504550
Not putting it in neutral when stopped can contribute to failing your driving test in the U.K.
Oh wow this is going to be a joy to read, thanks! Only a couple pages in and it already looks well-written and thorough.

Also there's this: "This paper is literate Haskell and our examples compile under GHC 8.0." A 26 page, typeset paper is certainly the longest example of a literate Haskell program I've come across! Wow.
I think a lot of people star Tensorflow and then never look at it again though.
Ghost species of ancient hominins
Japan was already a powerful manufacturing nation well before the second half of the 20th century. Dont you know the defeated Russia at the end of the 18th ?
Grand !
According to this [1], installation costs are way less than half of solar panel costs in 2016 US$. Looks like 10% - 15% depending on the installation case. See Figure ES-1.

[1] http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy17osti/67474.pdf
Not that I disagree with the more general point that a loan provider's data isn't necessarily the best, but in what way do you suggest there is selection bias here?
How about this one?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pnXBasZ5yBc
The point is not to blindly class CO2 as good or evil.
Surely there's nuance but the false equivalence here is pretty stunning. Reminds me of a conversation I had with a co-worker who is from China when he said something along the lines of, "There's censorship in America too! There's a Wikipedia article I can show you that lists all the instances!" ...uh yeah that's the point, we can both access Wikipedia directly here and nobody risks arrest or fines for having this very conversation.

Contrary to the party line China is truly an aberration when it comes to censorship for a modern, wealthy, industrialized country. Pointing out that China belongs to a tiny group of outliers compared to the entire rest of planet Earth when it comes to censorship does not equate to somehow claiming the US has no faults.
Culture is a discriminator. You can't say that culture is a "larger factor" than bias or discrimination - it is what leads to bias and discrimination.
Soo... anything about price or ETA?
Counterfactuals in Pearl's sense are what allow particular models to be causal: to represent cause and effect under intervention, as opposed to mere correlation. This is an important part of how to build models that think like people[1].

[1] https://arxiv.org/abs/1604.00289
I usually enjoy priceonomics posts, but this analysis is disappointing. The sharing economy is a way of deploying labor and capital. So the operating question is, is it a good way of doing so on net?

In some sense the market is spoken in that many people are willing to sell in these marketplaces. However, an argument could be made that services like Uber actually exploit the hidden costs associated with selling through the service. How many Uber drivers have done a fully netted anlaysis of their cost basis when driving on the service, including capital cost and depreciation of the vehicle?

Rather than attempting to dig into the financial viability of these services for sellers, this article focuses on the most superficial metric: monthly revenue. $500/mo on average would be consistent with $50/hour fully netted earnings, which would be amazing, or even a negative income if true costs tend to exceed earnings.
I agree on the stigma point, although that's an extremely recent cultural development so if it was a big factor it would be very visible in the data. And it's already a dying trend, video games and computer use is for normies (thinking otherwise outs you as an old person) and gamergate/alt-light/alt-right trends among geeks has basically killed the whole "geeks are cool" fad.

What is high-risk for women in STEM is the risk of having to work with/for sexist idiots.
A very brief introduction to mammoths
Meh. The best use of desktop-style computing these days, in my opinion, is if I can easily covert them to a commodity Linux box later. It's the only way to reliably extend the useful life of old hardware other than selling/donating it to someone who can make use of it.
This is (good) SEO linkbait. Someone at Verizon got $10k to spend getting it created by saying it will boost organic search traffic to Verizon. Right now (during link-building phase) they keep the page completely separate from rest of site. Later, (after most links are created) they'll change it. Not sure whether the goal is just to generally build authority to VerizonInternet, or to get this URL ranking for wifi keywords. (Seems more likely the former.)
It works because cellular roaming traffic travels over a tunnel to your carrier's source country. This greatly simplifies data billing calculations, since they only have to keep track of the usage of one connection.

The traffic is already tunneled when it passes through the GFW.
It does follow that we should not expect them to be the same.
I wish I could recall the source, one of the dozens of histories that I read published almost contemporaneously with the collapse of the Soviet Union, but the paraphrase was "If for one day our people were once to cease stealing from one another, we would have attained the goal of our utopia for all time."

First spoken by Kruschev in his infamous "thawing" address to the party, and repeated apparently verbatim by Gorbachev in his speech announcing Perestroika.

I may have been muddled in the detail, but I only meant to convey the sentiment.

I am prompted to recall this, because of the recent inferno of a high rise in London which claimed a appalling loss of life.

The culprit in the death toll is suspect cladding which massively multiplied the blaze. .

I too lived in such a high rise, formerly a project and since 1994 privately owned.

Anyhow few years ago in our building, two floors above, a similar fire erupted.

Well we're spared inevitable casualties only because the defrauding of the building funds had ensured that the minimum work was completed.

That flat is owned by a kingmaker of British politics and the 2 bedroom apartment had just been moved into by a young Italian woman, who I slack jawed observed receiving 8 beds counting the space in doubles and a sofa bed for good measure for the tiny kitchen. Criminal overcrowding absolutely known by all owners of the properties. Shortly after my life and everything around me was systematically destroyed and I was continually imprisoned upon a forged court order and suffered multiple attacks I was lucky to survive, one clearly engineered with massive coordination of the prison staff, and one time a senior judge point blank telling me to forget about bail or trial.

I'm in total agreement with the necessity of sorting out our so called democracy. We simply don't police the rules that are supposed to protect us, and I am just barely recovering testament to corruption overriding every protection society is supposed to afford to protect the politically privileged while they steal
Your relentless self-promotion of your blog articles in HN comments is getting really old.

It's inappropriate enough that you self-submit every one of your blog entries to HN, relevant or not.
I'm nitpicking here, but the convention is -dbg or (recently) -dbgsym as the suffix for packages in the Debian repositories. The Debain repository containing the debug packages itself itself is suffixed with -debug though, as in "unstable-debug".
I recently deleted venmo in favor of fb messenger pay. I think it's US only right now, but it's just one less app on my phone. I also always hated how venmo held on to your money if you forgot to withdraw it.

It also just makes sense. I send and receive text, photos, videos, and now money from friends in one place.
Sorry for not watching your video. Could you give a ELI5 explanation of why some vpns still work now if they have this tech?
I'm a 35 year founder of a small company in San Francisco. I had never heard of Venmo until recently. The dividing line among my team is around 30 years old. Below 30 -> use Venmo all the time. Above 30 -> never heard of it.
Maybe religion could transition slowly away from supernatural to "living with forces outside of your control". And away from heaven and hell to some notion that being good is its own reward, and good for your descendants.
Harvesting water from dry air
While I think your conclusion is clearly wrong, I can't stop watching and listening to the machine starting up at 4:56. It also bursts into life with a violent explosion as one can see in the mans cloth, but the prior build-up with the short period of decreasing frequency exactly before the start fascinates me. I don't even like engines particularly :S
> Most modern dynamic languages have strong types. In Python you will get a TypeError if you try to add a string and an int or use > on a tuple and a dict.

You mean a dynamic check? It's better than nothing but I don't exactly want my e.g. scheduled data import process crashing because it was sent some bad data. I'd much rather have static checking and have all the possibilities accounted for before the code runs.

> As for data validation, the hard part of it is not checking type but that the value is safe and coherent. And dynamic languages excel at that because they make complex declarative schema descriptions easy while powerful.

Why couldn't you write this with static checks? Statically checked functional languages for example are great for writing compilers.
That a culture can survive the death of a much higher percentage of men than it can of women is not a "just-so" story.

It is a fact.
Are we still wasting our time talking about evil AI at this premature time? Can someone dig up Andrew Ng’s comments on this?
Avast welcomes Piriform, creator of CCleaner, to its team
> That if you're good at both math and communication, you choose a more social field over the mathematical one is almost a condemnation of the mathier fields.

I didn't see it that way. I saw it as: There's a market of "mathy" and "verby" jobs. Men can mainly only be good at the mathy ones. Women can be good at both. So women end up at the verby jobs simply by nature of market forces.
Huh. After seeing you mention this, I took a look at the spreadsheet and was actually surprised to _not_ see my "React/Redux Links" repo ( https://github.com/markerikson/react-redux-links ) in the list. The dataset info page says they captured it as of sometime in January 2017. My repo should have had somewhere around 6000-ish stars at that point, but it's not included. Wonder why not.

In the meantime, I'm very pleased to note that my list will hit 10K stars within the next few days :) Based on that spreadsheet, I guess that would put it somewhere in the top 350 or 400 repos on GH.

Meaningless "Imaginary Internet Points", of course, but amusing to look at nonetheless :)
Only works if all militaries and military activity were disbanded simultaneously. War is one of those weird economic activities specifically designed to be negative-sum. No matter the outcome of a war, society on average ends up worse off.
I think it's more that credit cards charge the restaurant a flat fee per bill ($0.30ish?) So that eats into their profits at some point.