skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Have you ever driven on 70 or 80 through PA? Because "steep grade mountain pass with heavy traffic, including lots of trucks" is an apt description of either route.
Guix and Nix are input-reproducible. Given the same input description (input being the source files and any dependencies) an output comes out. Builds are then looked up in a build cache based on the hash of al lathe combined inputs. However. The _output_ of Nix artifacts are not reproducible. Running the same input twice will yield a different result.

Nix does some tricks to improve output reproducibility like building things in sandboxes with fixed time, and using tarballs without modification dates but output bit-by-bit reproducible is not their goal. They also don't have the manpower for this.

Currently, a build is built by a trusted builderver for which you have the public key. And you look up the built by input hash but have no way to check if the thing the builderver is serving is legit. It's fully based on trust.

However, with debian putting so much effort in reproducible output, Nix can benefit too. In the future, we would like to get rid of the 'trust-based' build servers and instead move to a consensus model. Say if 3 servers give the same output hash given an input hash, then we trust that download and avoid a compile from source. If you still don't trust it, you can build from source yourself and check if the source is trustworthy.

Summary: Nix does not do bit-by-bit reproducibility, but we benefit greatly from the work that debian is doing. In the future we will look at setting up infrastructure for buildservers with an output-hash based trust model instead of an input based one. However this will take time.

Feel Free to ask any other questions.
I'm glad this is being called out. Thank you.
> the 2% inflation number is completely wrong and real inflation is around 5%~10%

I can't find any evidence-based reason to believe that.
Very interesting article. Would this mean that it would be a good idea to develop a better metric than measured GDP. Is there anything existing that could be a better metric?
Have our security trends for 2017 become reality?
Also the fact that the boosters are reusable and expected to fly back to earth.
> "Universities – which fall under the control of Communist Party committees – have repeatedly been told to maintain purity in their socialist ideology, including steering clear of teaching topics such as press freedom and civil rights."

This isn't new or anything, but every time I read about it, I find myself really angry. The behavior of the Chinese communist party is shockingly, disgustingly immoral.

Blocking information because it might undermine the grip your ideological brainwashing has on a population. It really is a sort of fundamental evil, a primary stain on the history of the human species.

I have some anecdotal stories from friends in China. It's actually quite a bit worse for the average academic than we think. The pressure to include communist party propaganda in one's research is incredibly strong – and in some cases mandatory (e.g. if you want funding).
I'm not sure if you're sarcastic or not. However, I'm Dutch, and we have similar tokens.

Nobody minds if you write Danish code, but if you like contributors, it is asking a lot of them to change their editor or tools to collaborate with you. I hope you didn't mean your collaborators have to adjust to you like that.
I think I will have to disagree with that. The type of object is not enforced by the compiler, but that's a long way off from "you have no idea what the type of that object is."
Once we have reproducible builds, will it be possible to have verifiable builds? As in, can we cryptographically show that source + compiler = binary?

Right now we can sign source code, we can sign binaries, but we can't shows that source produced binaries. I would feel much happier about installing code if I knew it was from a particular source or author.
> the US can not deport illegals en masse

Are we unable to, or do we choose not to? It's not like we're lacking in transportation infrastructure or the ability to track who is or is not a citizen. In most cases we wouldn't even need to physically remove them. Just preventing non-citizens from working or collecting welfare should cause self-deportation.

> they do not even track visa overstays ATM

Is there some technical reason that prevents them from doing that, or is it just political opposition?
Good for you? Maybe try one sometime: as it turns out, old things are not de facto bad.
Sorry, I can't edit my post now, and I just realized I copied the wrong link for that first reference:

[0] http://www.ams.org/notices/199903/zworski.pdf

Resonances in Physics and Geometry

Anyway, to further elaborate... If we know how specific RNA in viri build their capsid shells, then we can theoretically compute the specific resonant frequencies of different viri by sequencing their DNA/RNA etc... It's all connected, you see.

Further, we know that viri can cause cells to become cancerous through RNA/DNA mutation[8][9].

My point is, killing viruses in your body by means of resonance COULD feasibly assist with curing cancer, or at least, can prevent it from spreading. Obviously it has nothing to do with metastasizing cells, but it can prevent more viri from giving more cells bad mutations.

[8] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6891372
Viral mechanisms of carcinogenesis.

[9] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3185770/
Cell Transformation by RNA Viruses: An Overview
Reverse Engineering and security. Every executable you reverse is like a new project!
I think the fundamental issue here is that "luck" is very often the explanation.
"all of which" – seems like a pretty broad statement
My point was that sometimes something may have a positive effect even if we don't understand why or where the positive effect comes from. We can't easily reproduce the positive effects of church because we don't know what about it, exactly, is responsible for the benefits.

Similar to how a multivitamin and junk food doesn't replace a balanced diet. That's just an analogy to help illustrate my point, not a point on its own.

I think it's more likely that churches will adapt to our modern understandings than someone will build the perfect atheist social institution from first principles.
What a racist question.
I don't disagree, but that's really absurd. Installation is not particularly difficult. There are dangers, but It's not significantly challenging. The market requires it - because all those solar companies wouldn't exist if it wasn't profitable. Still... every time I see an installation quote I'm blown away by how much people pay. People don't seem to care about numbers once they have to get financed for a few years.
I did find the original title of the TC article I posted to be needlessly inflammatory but the main premise of the content still stands: Avoiding hiring/investing/being alone in a room with a woman in reaction to sexual-harassment reports is a ridiculous approach for anyone who claims not to be a harasser and agrees that the problem is serious.

> But feel free to keep trying to put out the fire with gasoline. It just makes it clearer to other people on HN that I am not a threat to them and should be included in the conversation as an equal. That works for me.

Amazing that all you can take away from this is that one is trying to put out the fire with gasoline. Discussing issues like sexual harassment is inherently uncomfortable and awkward but you appear to prioritize appearances and your perceived likeability/unverifiable impression of how other HNers perceive you over momentary discomfort. I don't.
Why Brilliant Girls Tend to Favor Non-STEM Careers
OCCAM AI Research Institute
Indeed; imo anything that is consumed excessively can't be healthy. Whether that is eggs, meat, fish, veggies, etc. I'm not saying it's harmful -- just saying you need to find a balance. I personally eat about 4 to 8 eggs a week, so still a decent amount, in combination with plenty of other things.
the left of the yellow coupons ad in the right middle
On the topic of complementary resources, I really like Ben Gorman's explanation: https://gormanalysis.com/random-forest-from-top-to-bottom/. His related posts on singular decisions trees and GBM's are just as good, too.
PhotoCard by Bill Atkinson
There should be more coverage about that both Muslim religious law and practical law in Muslim societies is heavily racist, sexist, in open conflict with human rights, and that's being flexible. In theory, well islam was created by a warlord in a conflict where he committed a dozen genocides, religious and ethnic. It's bad. Very very disgustingly bad.

I don't understand why this isn't seen as a serious problem.
Apparently it does the equivalent of image stacking in "real time" as you look through the electronic viewfinder - no new tech involved, but a big win in cost/complexity nonetheless.
> Some people are happy to shoot themselves in the feet (looking at your brexit) but I don't think Chinese are like that.

History disagrees with that statement. Communism was China shooting itself in the foot in the first place. The Great Firewall is China shooting itself in the foot. The lack of numerous freedoms the developed world takes for granted, is China shooting itself in the foot. China has a very long history of regularly shooting itself in the foot. They'd be a far more advanced nation economically, scientifically and culturally, were they to end the Communist Party oppression.
You must not look very hard. I fly annually SFO <-> PIT direct, including another one in a week.
A bit late to answer, but by their EULA you are not allowed to talk about the performance of their products.

Yes, they did that!
> At least, I believe that the point of conceiving of 'covariance' and 'contravariance' is that we may have or not have either, in input or return types.

Covariance in the return type and contravariance in the argument type is the most general subtyping policy you can have for function types in a sound type system—it's not arbitrary. If instead you had covariance in the argument type, as some languages do, your type system is broken (as demonstrated in examples 1 and 2 in the article). If you had contravariance in the return type, this also breaks your type system (example 3). For some language designers, having a broken type system is acceptable. But it should not be presented as a legitimate option in an article about programming language theory.

It's also sound to have invariance in argument and return types. But this is an arbitrary restriction with no clear benefits, except possibly eliminating the need to explain co/contravariance to users. I do try to avoid being prescriptive in the article, however; that's why the question is phrased as "Which of the following types could be subtypes of Dog -> Dog?" rather than "Which of the following types are subtypes of Dog -> Dog?".

So we can have contravariance or invariance in the argument type, and covariance or invariance in the return type. But contravariance in the argument type and covariance in the return type is a strictly more general rule. And bivariance in either is certainly incorrect.
w/Django yes https://www.springboard.com/learning-paths/web-development-p...

There's also this Java/Typescript curriculum
https://www.edx.org/micromasters/software-development
I too bought, about $800, at the bottom right, to place the words "Million Dollar Script". The script cost $50 a pop, and allowed you to make a self-hosted copycat site.

I was quite busy for the next few months as orders kept rushing in!

I've also had a few competitors pop up & the script was pirated, including some selling it on ebay, they even forgot to remove my contact email, so their customers were coming to me for support.

Eventually, the fad died down, but it got a lot of business out of those 800 pixels.

Thanks Alex, if you're reading this, for the original idea & letting my ad on your site.
How long does it take for new money to get into the hands of the average person? I'd think a couple of months. A 15% inflation delta then means an "invisible tax" of maybe 3%. Not very important. And that's ignoring the highly questionable nature of those stated assumptions.
The number of engines being used in the FH, being much greater than Delta IV Heavy. The ignition process is complex for a setup and plumbing involved with that. And unknown interactions such as vibrations, etc. that they have yet to see from firing 27 engines at once as opposed to 9.
It's really mostly a US problem, because of how hard wire transfers are to do here, compared to most other countries. All these services are basically wire transfers done right.
If you use Docker, try Hyper.sh
What do you mean by "cryptographically show"? With reproducible builds, anyone that has repeated a build can verify that a claimed binary matches, and could sign a statement saying so. But I don't think there are solutions that don't include someone repeating the build, or a clear way of proving that you actually did repeat the build.
Absolutely fantastic! Thank You!
Just curious: how does one do that? Hash both the binary and source code files, that THAT hash, then sign it? Or am I completely off?
Why not just say "separate bills" at the beginning, so that you get them itemized individually?
Most banks charge a $1 fee though.
This seems to be a generational and geographical gap. Speaking parochially, among relatively well-off 40-ish Australians acting like this would mark you as some kind of cheapskate space alien.

I remember being similarly surprised at the 'down to the last penny' bill-splitting when I first got to the US, but, as a lot of people remark on in other threads, many of the social gatherings weren't really very long term (e.g. a random collection of Bell Labs interns).

I'm sure that there are good reasons people act this way, but the impression that I have to fight down when someone acts like this that you're either cheap, broke or paranoid about being taken advantage of. I think there are occasions where everyone needs to get a little more fine-grained (especially not doing the thing where non-drinkers subsidize drinkers) but the amount of time some people fritter away on these calculations makes me wonder what their time is worth...
Does sshuttle still cause occasional kernel panics on MacOS? (This is a real question, not a troll - I haven't used sshuttle for several years and it was a known issue among my colleagues at the time)
Bisq – Open-source, decentralized cryptocurrency exchange
I don't find it particularly uncomfortable. I am quite comfortable discussing such things.

The article you posted is incredibly disrespectful of men. It isn't in any way professional. It is openly hostile and disrespectful.

An awful lot of women want to feel safe at work and they see nothing wrong with making men feel very unsafe and attacked in the process of pursuing that aim. It is a broken mental model and you cannot get there from here.
How Reddit Approaches People Ops
Abu Dhabi hotties, hj, bj, oral, full service
I can completely see myself using this on my Postgres projects, but something like this would be most useful for me at work.

How feasible would it be to port this over to MySQL / MariaDB? I know EXPLAIN output on MySQL is much simpler than what you get out of Postgres so my gut feeling would be that it wouldn't be possible.
Alternate Inflation Charts

http://www.shadowstats.com/alternate_data/inflation-charts
Also aware of crashing oil tankers, cruise liners, ferries...
Shingles are about $8 per sq meter, uninstalled. Plywood is somewhat more. How durable is this stuff?
As someone who doesn't install many apps at all, I also think Microsoft killed Windows Phone with WP10 just by making it awful. They awkwardly copied a bunch of junk from Android and it lost the reasons I actually loved the platform: it was minimalistic, consistent, and rarely alerted me about anything.
The future of latency profiling in Go
Is philosophy simply harder than science?
From the footer of https://venmo.com/

Venmo is a service of PayPal, Inc., a licensed provider of money transfer services (NMLS ID: 910457). All money transmission is provided by PayPal, Inc. pursuant to PayPal, Inc.’s licenses. © 2017 PayPal, Inc.
Most banks charge a $1 fee for e-Transfers though.
> output bit-by-bit reproducible is not their goal

I think you are wrong.

The Nix people (and the Guix people, including myself) are also involved in the reproducible builds project. I've met with a couple of them in Berlin last year. It's not just Debian doing this.

I can't speak for Nix but for the Guix project bit-for-bit reproducibility is an explicitly stated goal. It's very important and the reason why Guix is used in several HPC environments as the foundation for reproducible research.

Disclaimer: I'm co-maintainer of GNU Guix and currently at a bioinfo conference where I talked about Guix and reproducibility.
Just don't expect them to be as good as they look from the outside. Smart people do dumb things, and good businesses can be run on top of a pile of absolute garbage, technologically speaking. PR people can work wonders. Et cetera.
I do not ask for this unless the server offers it. It takes longer to get the bill and pay for it, then if the server is busy / inattentive they just dump the cards on the table and let the group of 12 adults squint at Chase cards.
It's worth noting that all the ISPs that encourage you to change your password have a separate maintenance account ("backdoor") with its own password.
> with your comparison to YouTube, is completely incorrect

Not for syncing. For running a full node, a VPS costing $12 - $15 USD per month has orders of magnitude more bandwidth. I already have you the math of full 8MB blocks, there is no way you can say that these aren't trivial bandwidth numbers.

> What I've found in the past is the people who hold your views are only cursorily aware of the constraints of decentralization, and use unrelated justifications in order to hand wave away problems.

That's big talk when:

1. You are talking about bandwidth and the numbers are simple to calculate and come out to trivial amounts.

2. Bitcoin is literally working right now with 0 hiccups except for full blocks and high fees. The people working on it right now didn't do that, they kicked out the people who did.

3. You say hand waving while not backing up a single thing you've said or confronting what I've said. 8MB block when 100% full takes 13KB/s to sync. Is that wrong? Twitch streams are 250KB/s. Most people don't even want to or need to sync.

> But you can now prove me wrong! Instead of using bitcoin, use bitcoin cash.

This is about how ridiculous the 1MB limitation is, you can try to divert from that, but lets see you confront it.
A Library for Analyzing and Hash Functions with Computation Networks
if you enjoy keeping a running tally of how much is in your account, and love knowing that what you see when you check your balance at the bank is never up-to-date, checks are great!

man i quit doing that as soon as i could check my balance on the internet and just use a credit/debit card, just make sure you turn off 'overdraft protection' before doing this or you can dig a very deep hole of compound interest.

- signed, an early gen-xer
This sounds like someone who has never driven in Tahoe and Pittsburgh. I've done quite a bit in both.

I can tell you that 80 and 50 that head over the sierras are often closed for what would be consider relatively minor snow in Pittsburgh. Sometimes it's not even the road conditions, just lack of visibility (fog or snow). Significant ice is also fairly rare just because of level of maintenance, I suspect somewhat fueled by poor California drivers and ski resorts that push for excessive road maintenance.

On the other hand Pittsburgh gets plenty of snow, plenty of storms, and I can assure you they don't close the highways unless it's a storm of the century so bad that you'll not even be able to find cars let alone drive them. Additionally the Pittsburgh area roads have significant elevation changes, often narrow, and poorly maintained. Take for instance the top 10 steeps roads in the USA. Pittsburgh has #2 and it snows there. SF has #9 and #10, but it rarely snows there. Another puzzling factor is Pittsburgh uses a ton of salt, yet has temperature variations that often lead to snow melting from salt, then refreezing in sheets of ice or "black" ice. I've definitely skidded WAY further in the Pittsburgh on ice than I have have around Tahoe. For a year or so I was crossing 3 7200 foot passes each weekend around Tahoe and in the last 20 years I'm often up around there for various reasons.

Even the average Pittsburgh driver seems to deal with snow MUCH better than the ones I find up around Tahoe area when it snows. Even though the Pittsburgh driver is likely in a 10 year old front wheel drive econobox instead of a newish AWD SUV.
I've been using Square Cash lately.
One optimization that's not hard to do for terminal output is a line cache: if a row is the same, don't render it. The rendering logic is probably already operating on lines, so this doesn't require the fancy diffing; but diffing a flat grid seems easier anyway vs the dom tree. For context, (I suspect parent already understands this) this is analogous to the vdom optimizations (not shouldComponentUpdate optimizations) possible with React. Except the algorithm is more straightforward: for each character on the grid, is the content the same since the previous render?

This library looks real neat, a declarative TUI with an api already familiar to many developers. I've thought this would be a neat thing to exist since I started using React after having written a similar declarative, redraw-only-as-necessary terminal rendering library for bpython (http://ballingt.com/bpython-curtsies/).

In it (http://curtsies.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) the only rendering optimization was a line cache. For the specific use case of an interactive interpreter this worked pretty well: once a line is changing, it's probably changing a lot. But you could go further using the output of diffing of arrays of terminal text.

edit: whoa https://github.com/Yomguithereal/react-blessed looks awesome for this
I'm asking myself exactly the same thing. I've never "split" a bill, but I've requested separate bills plenty of times and always gotten them, it's nothing out of the ordinary in Germany.

Imho it's also the most reasonable approach that doesn't put anybody in an awkward position.
DOI is still there; in fact one might say that it's sci-hub and not google that has made DOI actually useful.
Well, reproducible builds doesn't necessarily mean that it stays reproducible when you turn on debug info.
Far too long an article for people who did not accept my application. Not reading. Ever.
The diagram appears to be missing Dependently Typed programming languages.
In some cases, a very long while. I brought up the question of build reproducibility at BSDCon 2003 because it was relevant to FreeBSD Update, and a lot of my early FreeBSD commits were working on this.
As the other HNer noted below, we've had free BillPay in banks for decades now. It's also safer than Venmo.
Ask HN: OSS projects in need of back end architecture design
I'll use a throwaway account for the sake of pii & my client. I have my hands tied for the next ~14 months building out some engineering projects with an enterprise. Nothing to write home about. Are there any good OSS projects on github where I could work on scaling problems, redis configurations/rocksDb, and caching problems? One interesting project is the guardian website (it's a scala backend), but are there any other interesting projects of note?