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Hadn't seen the union approach in #2 before, I like that a lot. The 2 named properties are intuitive to other developers reading it, but now we also get compile-time safety that the combinations they use are valid. Thanks!

For anyone else that this was new to, Flow has documented these as "disjoint unions": https://flow.org/en/docs/types/unions/#toc-disjoint-unions
tl;dr: A plane ticket costs 1/3 of what a smuggler with a rubber boat on the mediteranian costs. By european law airlines can't take people without visas (a bit simplified), even if the law agrees that even people without identification are allowed to seek refuge.

So they are just not allowed to fly and responsibility is shifted to the airliner, which have to pay if they are not strict enough. And refugees are forced risk their lifes with the rubber boat and smugglers.
One world government = single point of failure. It may work more harmoniously if you have leaders that care about the people they serve, but if misguided leaders get into power and cause problems your choices of living in a society beyond the control of this leadership is greatly reduced.
Maybe you would rather be running Redhat/Fedora?

SELinux is one of the reasons I switched from Fedora to Debian.
First Blood was. The sequels? not so much...
re: ISDS, one concrete example of is the case of Australian tobacco plain packaging regulation versus the tobacco company Philip Morris [1] [2].

In 2011 Australia passed legislation that "requires health warnings to cover at least 75 per cent of the front of most tobacco packaging, 90 per cent of the back of cigarette packaging and 75 per cent of the back of most other tobacco product packaging" [3].

Philip Morris restructured and moved the headquarters of their Australia and Asia operations to Hong Kong. By doing this they could take advantage of an earlier 1993 trade agreement between Hong Kong and Australia, and launched an ISDS claim against the Australian government, claiming that the packaging regulation meant that their branding and trademarks had been confiscated.

Say what you want about "free trade" agreements between states, it is pretty obvious that if these agreements can be potentially exploited as above then one of the outcomes of such agreements is the erosion of the rights of states and their citizens, and in increase in power and freedom to global capital.

[1] https://www.ag.gov.au/tobaccoplainpackaging

[2] http://www.smh.com.au/federal-politics/political-news/austra...

[3] http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/conten...
I just had this exact 'problem' with an API I'm building. I just ended up creating both routes which accessed the same internal function to return the same results - no duplication of code necessary. Personally I think this is a good resolve as it answers both use cases depending on the accesssors context.
Might be, depending on what savings one has and which running costs need to be paid each month.

In any case, maybe I expressed myself badly, however I don't know anyone personally, that was able to get a job in less than 6 months after being unemployed, some of them took even a bit longer than that.
I disagree, it's fairly simple, people only find it hard because they're thinking in RPC terms - in commands instead of resources.

An action is simply a new resource you create. You don't send_emails(), you create a new email sending resource, which has its own URL you can check in later (giving you built-in resilience to network cuts and other problems).

I'm yet to find an action you can't easily model with resources and their representations.
Isn't the BAT/Brave concept a response to what is essentially the same problem as email spam? That is, unwanted/irrelevant advertising at near-zero cost to produce, and that increasingly relies on brute force to overcome countermeasures?

If so, it might be worth evaluating it in terms of the myriads of email spam solutions that have been proposed over the years. Specifically, those solutions based on users adopting different client/server platforms and digital money. Both of which have been shown to be next to impossible to get ordinary people to do as part of their already-established use of the Internet. The general public barely knows what a browser is, much less the concepts involved in a weird new payment system.
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I see that people downvoted my original comment, oh well.

I did find a job quite easily, IMO, after 1 year and a half out of the job market. Maybe I was really lucky or my local market is really robust. Dunno.
Possibly stopped using mobile devices?
There's nothing problematic about non-CRUD in REST, it's just a matter of not thinking in RPC terms.
This is exactly the kind of issue that go away with elm.

http://blog.jenkster.com/2016/06/how-elm-slays-a-ui-antipatt...
> BAT Gemini (fall 2017/winter 2018)
> KYC (humint + machine learning), rate, and flow control for anti-fraud

Brave - first browser that not only force you to pay for browsing Internet, but also force you to do it with your identity proven. Privacy nightmare.
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I like what he's describing, but as he said, this could never be done in a quick manner. We will probably not see it in our lifetimes.

Regions need other regions to help them when things are going badly (and if we are to experiment, we need to acknowledge that bad things will happen to regions that they themselves cannot solve). Nation states are composed of many regions so they can force or incentivize regions to share the load.

If we truly want equal opportunity, we need to make sure that regions are not completely stopped from innovating but also don't have to take all of the consequences when something goes wrong. Sure, they shouldn't come off scot-free, but it's very low for a region's children, elderly and sick to pay the full price for something they had little chances to stop anyway.
To add, my endpoints were:

/accounts/{id}/users

And

/users/account/{id}

Both return the users attached to a particular account.
The bright side is that maybe people will stick to the older HTML features that already work well with screen readers.

The web as it is now is unreadable for sited and blind people so I really have a hard time feeling bad for site designers.
And then there was Captain Planet, which was pro-environmentalism propaganda. In that show the American boy was a devil-may-care idiot while the Soviet girl (his crush) was smart and conscientious. It stayed on the air longer than it probably should have given its quality, mainly because of Ted Turner's enormous pull in the industry.

That's the difference between the USA and the USSR: in the USSR such counterpropaganda would have been quashed and its creators sent to the gulag.
So? There does not need to be a way to get rich quick. I don't see a problem with forcing chat providers to include proper end to end encryption as a matter of consumer protection. Because we all know that otherwise, security will not be part of the minimum viable product, and the consumer can't tell the difference.

(Obviously, the state of the art answer to your technical questions is the double ratchet algorithm.)
Use ADTs, described on a high level with something like this:

data Pics
= PicsLoading
| PicsFailed
| PicsLoaded (Array Pic)

Now you only need to figure out how you want to map it into assembler (eh, JavaScript). But that's largely a mechanical task. Like for example a compiler does.

Use a object with a tag field (like advocated by redux and well-supported in flow/typescript), or an array where the first element is a numeric tag and the rest payload (that's roughly the bytecode that a Haskell compiler would produce), or, god forbid, classes with instanceof checks or abstract class methods (hello Java).
The Internet is great for information and light-hearted banter but not necessarily discussion. Most discussions are plagued by trolling, astroturfing, brigading and gratuitous rudeness.

Anonymity is important but it also allows pointless discussions and arguments between let's say a child or someone not interested or versed in a subject and an expert.

The value of discussion remain low and people behave in ways they simply wouldn't face to face. In the real world these kind of discussions would be a pointless waste of time for all involved and would simply not happen.

You could try to change this by taking away the anonymity or extremely strong moderation but as we have seen with Facebook and even here the lack of anonymity doesn't stop snarky or bad behavior and there are far too many people who by default assume a tone of authority when they don't really know what they are talking about.
Neznayka in the Moon is the master piece. Sometimes I read my favorite places from this book and still enjoy it)
This is effectively the same solution as the authors second option.
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Yes, the long term result of adding regulations such as this to the internet will ultimately result in an internet that is exclusive to large corporations as they will be the only ones with the resources to comply.

It is the same path we have seen many industry go down. At some point, large corporation will begin to lobby for regulations in order to remove smaller competition.
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This will set a dangerous precedent and cost businesses a lot of money and adding zero value to most existing paying customers.

Isn't this entirely the point, though?

We can make a reasonable assumption that if it were generally profitable to make services and venues accessible, then it would already be done. It's precisely because it's not cost-efficient that regulation has to exist.

That assumes, of course, that you accept the central conceit that it's a good idea to ensure that people with a variety of disabilities can access services and aren't generally shut out of mainstream society.

Quite aside from anything, WCAG is hardly onerous to comply with.
Of course they're not making shit up, but they do have a selective memory, which was GPs point that you seemed to miss.

If things are distributed between bad and good, it doesn't matter how that distribution changes over time if the bad things from the past are forgotten in the comparison. It is still dishonest.
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I strongly second the long term disability insurance. Once you need it the opportunity to reasonably purchase it has passed.
I do also have had some problems running Debian Stretch in Virtual Box.

For example I had to install the "xserver-xorg-legacy" package to get the X server working as X is not running as root anymore.
That's nonsense. Building a website that meets WCAG guidelines is ridiculously easy – it basically boils down, in most cases, to having good contrast and proper markup to identify various elements and their purposes.

It's a fantasy to complain that these requirements are onerous.
Well, you're certainly not going to eliminate the concept of power. I've heard that floated by some utopianists ("we'll have world government and then everybody will get along with everybody else") and I think it's ridiculous.

I don't think that's what the article is suggesting, though. Rather, it's suggesting that we re-draw the boundaries of how we organize that power, with one level globally and another locally (probably at the city or territory level).

I'd assume (based on similar writings) that this would work with a federated world government with very limited and specifically-enumerated powers. Basically, we accept certain principles as foundational (rule of law, property rights, non-violence, consent of the governed), and then transfer the monopoly on physical force to a world government whose only task is ensuring that individuals don't violate that. The world government would have very limited powers: aside from preserving peace, it'd basically just define the rules around trade disputes and redress of grievances, and delegate the arbitration of these disputes to a mutually-acceptable arbiter. Possibly it might also serve as a market-maker for externalities (eg. selling carbon credits) and coordinator for shared efforts (eg. fighting infectious disease, or interstellar space travel). It would also ensure freedom to move between municipalities as long as you accept the laws of the local municipality, i.e. borders cannot keep people in or out, but they do define the extent of how you must behave within the municipality.

All other powers would go toward local municipalities. This includes a great deal of things currently reserved for a nation-state: drug laws, the place of religion, official languages, national holidays, traffic management, growth policies, possibly even things like free speech. So if San Franciscans want to smoke out, Emirates want to mandate the wearing of the hijab, Texans want complete freedom to carry a gun, Virginians want a holiday honoring Robert E. Lee, they all get that - within their own city. They just don't get to force other people to take on their customs. If Californians are upset by how everybody in Texas is packing heat, or Texans are upset by how Muslims wear a head scarf, or Muslims are upset by how San Franciscans smoke out all the time - too bad, they can define how people should behave in their own city, but they don't get to define how everybody else behaves. And the role of the world government is to ensure that, and put down any attempt at imposing your views on others by force.
It is really that bad.

https://www.statista.com/statistics/268830/unemployment-rate...

Between 10 and 23% for the countries I mentioned.

Also getting an IT job currently might mean having to move into the capitals, as other cities have even less offers available and obviously there is not enough jobs on the capitals for everyone.
A citizen isn't a customer of a nation.
Could you maybe elaborate a bit more with your send email example? We've been struggling a bit with API design and exactly this kind of thinking everything as a resource. I'm still having a hard time to imagine exactly how "a new email sending resource" would/should look like. having something like /api/sendmail/confirmation would trigger my confirmation mail sending method internally, which clearly is RPC thinking. How would that look like with REST? How would the REST version deal with /api/sendmail/{confirmation,thanks,resetpw} etc.?
Yes I agree. I don't know if this Charlie Munger musing [1] on how some fields figure out not to engage in cut throat competition is relevant here.

[1]http://theinvestmentsblog.blogspot.fi/2014/09/munger-on-airl...

full speech

[2]http://old.ycombinator.com/munger.html
I think the problem goes deeper then REST & GraphQL, it boils down all the way to SQL and not a lot of people are seeing the problem because it is a "boiling frog" problem. Let me explain. So only a decade ago, all of the work was being done on the server and everything was great (... in a way :), and that's because there you had SQL and you could ask quite complicated questions with it. Now along comes XMLHttpRequest and the iPhone and a lot of the "business logic" starts moving to the frontend slowly. It was a natural thing to do when you need just a little info from the server, basically make "GET /items/1" mean "SELECT * FROM items WHERE id=1", because if you strip all the auth stuff away, that is the essence of that URL. So REST is born. It worked for a while, while the frontend code wasn't doing a lot. But now, we are in a state where everything is being done by the fronted. Now remember all those complicated questions we had to ask of our data, they did not go away, but one thing did, SQL, and all that remained was REST.
REST maps to a very limited subset of SQL power, basically all it can do (and still be RESTful) is generate queries like this "SELECT * FROM items WHERE cond1, cond2 ...". Devs were used to working mostly only with queries like this (and ignore joins) because the db was close and there was no (big) penalty for firing 100 queries like these, but now when things moved to the frontend, people started remembering they need to take network latency into account and suddenly "getting everything in one go" ... which is basically a join, became important again. This is what sparked the GraphQL popularity, getting everything in one step, aka ability to express a join everything else is not that important (standard/tooling/types is of course important but it could have been invented for REST also).

Having said all that, GraphQL is still far from the expressivity of SQL and people will still wonder how can they express in GraphQL questions that are easily answered by SQL.
Everybody is still thinking in terms of "defining an api" but recently a new way of thinking about this problem started to emerge. Defining a way to translate a HTTP request to a SQL query, i.e. trying to expose the power of SQL in a safe way to the frontend. There is no predefined list of endpoints/types, every requests gets transformed to a SQL query and executed. This is what PostgREST [1] is doing. I know it sounds scary and dangerous but it works :) Try the Starter Kit [2] to get a taste and if GraphQL is your thing, you could explore the same idea using subZero [3]

[1] https://github.com/begriffs/postgrest

[2] https://github.com/subzerocloud/subzero-starter-kit

[3] https://subzero.cloud

Edit: typos
In Rambo II, the government is actively concealing the existence of Vietnam POWs, and the movie ends with Rambo threatening a government official.
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I have two browsers, where my Firefox as my main browser, I completely tweak it. I also disable for video playing, but still can play youtube videos.

when something video I cant watch on Firefox due to this settings, I just change my browser to chrome.
I don't disagree with most of the rules, but it's more than a little ironic that the supporting quote at the top of the page that the article seemingly hangs off directly contradicts most of the article:

> The only thing you can use an identifier for is to refer to an object. When you are not dereferencing, you should not look at the contents of the URI string to gain other information.

- Tim Berners-Lee

By this quote, caring about the hierarchical nature of URIs, pluralization, and enhancements to readability are somewhere between irrelevant to actively harmful (since they promote the idea that the URI contains information beyond identification)

By the logic that a URI is supposed to be used for identification and identification alone, these two URLs are identical in terms of value:

http://api.example.com/louvre/leonardo-da-vinci/mona-lisa

http://api.example.com/68dd0-a9d3-11e0-9f1c-0800200c9a66
That's generally not true.

There is not really any specific encoding of technical requirements in accessibility laws – rather more along the lines of 'reasonable effort must be made' etc.

I don't live in the US, but my understanding is that WCAG2.0 compliance is accepted as 'accessible'. WCAG doesn't say "you can't use Javascript" – it says "Here are the standards a site must meet to be accessible, and here are the methods you can use to satisfy them".

Frankly it's a ridiculous objection. The burden of complying with WCAG is basically 'have good contrast and mark your forms and element up correctly'.
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Have you looked at Nordic countries? At least Finland's state welfare system says that if you already live in EU country, you can apply to get treated in here for the same price as what we (Finns) pay. You can still do walk-ins without an application, but you might be billed "the true cost" of treatments, which for an x-ray (which you mentioned down below) seems to be around 200 euros. Although, if you already know you need one, then you can just use private sector which bills you around 75 euros for one (x-ray). The legislation clearly states that you as a patient would be handled equally. The public sector can't either turn you away in any situation if they already provide the needed care.

The system here is a safe haven in other means as well. As a citizen, you are qualified for equal treatment and costs to those in your hometown in other EU countries as well. You can be abroad for up to a year and any medical emergency within the EU would be covered by the state. It's almost backward but I feel like my peers don't want to travel as much when they are young, partly because they know the medical systems in other parts of the world can screw them up.
I have them too - usually technical stuff but occasionally interesting articles I don't have time to read immediately/ever. I do housekeeping every so often. I have archives from stumbleupon and del.ico.us. I have them in regular topic folders but also in 'Now', 'Just now', 'Later' and 'Sometime' as well as saving tabs for projects I am working on, one of which would be to devise some way of prioritising bookmarked sites in internet searches over stuff I've not seen before.

Or we could just stop. Let's just stop. Shall we stop? I don't think I can stop.
And you are sure there wasn't even a tiny bit of revisionism in those books from the 90s.
Specifically the decision in this case was that Winn-Dixie's website is heavily-integrated enough into their physical store locations enough that it's covered by the ADA.
And Phillip Morris lost the case. You left out that particular part in your example. I wonder why that is? Is it because in this case, as in most such 'examples' of the horrors of ISDS, it turns out that the system did not prevent a nation from acting against a foreign corporate interest?
That's what I meant. Security support for testing seems to be documentedly behind stable and unstable.
Have you ever taken a hiatus from new content and focused on reading what you've bookmarked? Has the bookmarked material ever served a use?
I'm struggling to see where the cost is. It amounts to 'when you develop a new feature you must make sure it meets WCAG guidelines'. You probably already have a process in place to make sure that it's (e.g.) valid HTML.
Really looking forward to this release. We run Kubernetes with Debian 8. One of the big pain points has been needing to enable Docker memory accounting. I read that memory accounting will be enabled by default in Debian 9. Is that still the case?
Some would argue that Israel has "the hottest startup culture outside the US". There are 96 Israeli companies listed in NASDAQ, and only 12 Indian ones.
http://www.nasdaq.com/screening/companies-by-region.aspx?reg...
http://www.nasdaq.com/screening/companies-by-region.aspx?reg...
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> ". Over email, he said, “We might be up the creek ;).” Later, when Gün pointed to the error in line 666, Daian replied, “Don’t think so.”

well, isn't the financial law against this kind of incompetence in the first place?

I don't think the thieves would be guiltier than the team behind DAO.

ps: and line 666??? who the hell keeps a single source-code file that big? no wonder bugs are around...
I agree. Also it might be more convenient when doing get request. Imagine an API generating images like /cat/300x300.jpg the ability to switch to .png is really handy. Of course you could do /cat/300x300/png and don't use extensions.

I think it's up to particular use cases.
There's clearly a huge difference between having a building code and requiring people to design websites in a certain way. It doesn't matter what your opinion of wheelchair ramps is; the two situations aren't comparable.

I think we might need more elaboration on why that's the case.

In both situations, you have a company offering services to the public. In one case, legislation says that the services should be accessible to members of the public with certain disabilities. Why should that same legislation not apply because the services are being offered online, rather than in a physical location?