skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Likewise, it's easy to blame consumers for always going with the cheap option when they don't have tools that allow them to easily understand the tradeoff. Which travel sites makes it easy to input (something isomorphic to) a utility function over all the ways that you can save on the flight? Or know how many inches of legroom you need?
"A hedge on oil price is a bet on the way it will swing."

Well I mean it's implemented that way (buying long-term futures) but it's really just locking in a set price. Oil prices skyrocketing doesn't make them infinite money, because they have to either take contract delivery at the price they originally bought at, or use their futures profits to buy at the spot market. In the same way, falling oil prices doesn't cost them huge amounts of money, they just won't be able to take advantage of the fall in prices like a non-hedged carrier would.

I assume they try their very best to hedge to actual predicted usage and not try to profit from swings either way. If they could do that they'd be better off running a hedge fund.
You shouldn't. If people are being frivilous, let them know, and if they continue, leave them. If Germany can't do this, not only should you not feel sorry for them, you should not afford them any respect.
I take it to mean Article 5 is no longer a guarantee in the near future / possible reduction of us bases in Germany and Europe while a eu army builds up

TBH it should have happened after the bush/iraq situation the united states is nuts no one wants to be in their sphere of influence anymore

It's clear the age war is coming
ETH vs ETC was essentially behind the scenes meatspace negotiation. The physical world is not as obsolete as some people think.
This is wrong. Ethereum's proof of stake algorithm is named Casper, and is already open source, you can see the repository here:

https://github.com/ethereum/casper

There's even a Github project where you can see that the current state is work on the "Fork choice/chain logic". This was started 6 days ago:

https://github.com/ethereum/casper/projects/1

The next release (Metropolis) will afaik contain a first implementation of proof of stake which will run in parallel with their proof of work algorithm (last I heard was that every 1000th transaction will be run via proof of stake, but I may be wrong here).
I know they didn't say "for all", but it's functionally equivalent when the claim is that the very nature of the market forces providers into these patterns. That explanation would indeed be refuted by a persistent counter example.
Retailers are in the business of selling things, yet 'outsource' their Point of Sales systems. This is just the same thing.
How I made a mistake by listening to customer feedback
The internet has made buying a car worse? I'm assuming you have either never bought a car without the research and pricing tools available via the internet, or are looking back with rose-colored glasses.
They have profit sharing, but rank and file employees don't individually own stock unless they choose to buy some.
Wow, in all my 5 months on Vim usage I didn't learn about this. Gonna go :help clipboard now. Thanks.
Today, banks clear transactions between themselves through the SWIFT network. By investing in distributed ledgers, a group of banks can collude to avoid settlement feees incurred by going through SWIFT.

That's the benefit to financial institutions, and the threat to SWIFT. The technology itself is nearly irrelevant. From a game theory perspective, what matters is whether their R&D is plausible enough that they can use the tech as leverage to negotiate lower fees.

Also known as cutting out the middleman.
>What's wrong with just making those tests the actual regulatory ones?

It's easier for automakers to throw resources at lobbying.
Something that lets you lie flat usually takes >4x the space of economy seats, so must cost >4x the price to be sustainable for the airline.

Air New Zealand tried that with their "SkyCouch" concept, though, where you could join 3 economy seats together into a flat couch/bed thing. It failed and they're removing it from their fleet, however.
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And an additional 4in of legroom. Makes a huge difference.
No, this works like Google Voice. In other words, better than iMessage. This works even when you're out of the country and don't have service on your phone.
This is not correct. Southwest actually has the highest labor costs in the US airline industry, as measured by percentage of revenue.
You are speaking a bunch of incoherent nonsense. Logical inference is just a simplification of proper Bayesian inference. There are no problems you can model with logic that can't be modeled by Bayesian logic. You just take a set of logical premises and set their probabilities to be 0 or 1.

But this is only an approximation, and is fundamentally wrong in principle for any real world problem. You can never be 100% certain of anything, even mathematical proofs. After all, errors are found in published mathematical proofs all the time. And people regularly make mistakes doing even simple arithmetic.

That's the thing, we live in an uncertain world and can never have true certainty about anything. Especially in most real world problems that we care about. All forms or reasoning and inference are part of the mind, not reality. Reality doesn't have to respect your axioms or logical inferences. At any time reality can bite back and say your logic was wrong. And you must change your map, not argue that the territory is incorrect.

Bayesian inference is the process of drawing maps of a territory. And realizing that they are just maps. That we can make more and more accurate maps, but we can never have maps that are 100% perfect and certain. Reality doesn't grant us certainty, and that's ok.
I don't think you understand what money laundering is. It is lying to the government about the source of your income, to clean your money. It is a completely separate act than the original crime (bank robbery, drug dealing, etc.) that produced the money, and should be treated differently. Also, making money laundering illegal means we can punish the middlemen who enable those crimes by facilitating the money laundering. By providing an easy avenue for criminals to wash their money, they make it easier for people to profit from a criminal enterprise, even though they did not actively participate.
> Below 14°C? [...] in the winter

It doesn't take winter for temperatures to drop below 14 °C (57.2 °F). The morning commute takes place between 6 and 9 AM. Even in the summer, temperatures are probably below 14 °C more often than above it at these times.
This is awesome! I know lots of people would love the type safety of a Haskell or OCaml combined with the metaprogramming and AST manipulation capabilities of a Lisp - and that seems to be the eventual goal of this project.
Fun, tangental fact - that's probably more down to it being a movie set than an actual plane. There's actually a soundstage in Hollywood that's dedicated to plane sets. Here's their 737:

http://airhollywood.com/aviation-sets/narrow-body-737/

...you can see how the aisle is much wider than a typical aircraft.
Because for years, the US enjoyed having NATO as a power projection tool, made mostly for them, is now complaining that the countries willingly letting them set up military bases inside their borders are not paying enough? (Even though it is a target for the future and not right now.)

Because the US just decided that the most important environmental agreement of our generation isn't worth sacrificing _coal_ jobs?

Indeed, it's not surprising. We could have collaboration. Turns out, as usual, the US is fucking up. It's okay, we'll live.
> If you're ready to kill yourself, you're not losing anything if you life longer, and suffer some more, do you? I mean, the second you die, your memory of whether you suffered 5 seconds or 50 years would be equally gone.

The same reasoning can be used to argue that there's no reason to live even a happy life: you're not gaining anything, since your memory will be gone anyway.
Here's quotes from a bunch of people interested in the subject on how this would be useful, instead of me trying to repeat all of that: https://bitcoinmagazine.com/articles/what-are-the-use-cases-...

It would be useful beyond some custom git-based solution because if what you want is just a distributed ledger with safety & auditing built-in you can get that off the shelf by leveraging e.g. the Bitcoin codebase. If you're doing that with Git you need to write a bunch of custom software around it to arrive at the same result.
People call United's 772 and 747-400 2-4-2 seat business class configuration "coffin seats" because of how stacked and narrow they are. I've flown it, it's not particularly comfortable; but at least it's a lie-flat seat.
I explicitly said "without logging as root". SSH as root is almost never allowed on production servers.

I was wondering if there is a way to write protected files when SSHing as a user who only has write permission through sudo.
Christopher Nolan Reveals 11 Films That Inspired Dunkirk
That's missing the point. Grandparent referred to how German policy was criticized no matter which policy they chose.
Interesting subject, but why does it feel like I'm reading a passage from a standardized test?
Well, I guess it depends on your use case. If you want to be able to access the Nextcloud instance you are running on a little home server, for example, it's certainly a much better solution to have a proper VPN for accessing your home network than to forward any traffic to all the ports that you have to use for the various protocols Nextcloud supports.
For context:

Please take note that general elections (for the "Bundestag") will be held in the end of September 2017. Everything that will be published now and in the next months by the German media may very well be part of a campaign scheme.
Because despite the fact that they trust each other more than any random shmuck, they don't completely trust eachother?
I love this provocative title. For clarification, the author's argument is related to a person's ability to follow a path determined by intuition in the absence of proof. The examples given are of scientists who found ultimate success even though they initially only had a kernel of an idea, in contrast to someone who would have found success but at the onset had a clear vision of how they might get there. I agree wholeheartedly with this sentiment, and early in graduate school my cryptography professor gave a concrete example: Diffie and Hellman knew there should be some way to securely exchange a key long before publishing their now famous exchange protocol (I'm paraphrasing heavily what the professor said, but hopefully this illustrates the point).

The "tension between creativity and accuracy" came up in a slightly different context at a party this past weekend. I was discussing with some other recent grads the flawed method of peer review in research journals, especially as it relates to reproducing results of well known papers. The crux of the discussion was whether the progress of science has benefited from the lack of strict guidelines for reproducing results and whether some papers are still important because they described an interesting idea although were later found to be irreproducible or based on false data. I would say that definitely the field has progressed, although there is certainly an intrinsic (and expensive) cost in having papers that are irreproducible and scientists should certainly strive to make their results as easily reproducible as possible. In the absence of necessity, I'd go further to say that having easily reproducible research is so valuable that the contrary is simply not worth it.

Unrelated to "value of research", there is a notion of fairness that should be considered. If being flexible on accuracy is a "competitive advantage" of sorts in research, then it's important that this is made obvious. When the principle of accuracy is implied it becomes a hurdle to newcomers who would follow unnecessarily difficult path given they have no way of knowing a priori that being inaccurate (even slightly) is allowed, possible, or beneficial.
I mean, even MIT is into that crap now.
> But now you're telling me you're aware of these issues… I don't want to assume, but you sure look like an egotistical bastard at this point. Or a cynic. I'm not sure which is worse.

That seems a bit extreme... The effect on others is pretty minimal, what is so bad about using Facebook just because you like it, despite the small side effects on others? So your saying that anyone who uses Facebook after hearing about shadow accounts is a 'egotistical bastard'?
Poe's law: Without a winking smiley or other blatant display of humor, it is utterly impossible to parody a [software developer] in such a way that someone won't mistake for the genuine article.
I think that if we spent less on our armies, we'd have more to spend on the sorts of social benefits Europeans regard as table stakes and pride themselves on having.

In the abstract sense, it'd also be curious to see what effect on those social benefits would result from a termination of the security guarantees which the US has extended to an ever broader fraction of Europe since 1949. I'm not so cruel a man as to actually wish such an outcome on anyone, but I certainly would like to see the people charged with the responsibility of governing my nation take an interest in the wellbeing of my nation, rather than investing so much expense and effort in defending an entire continent which can barely be moved even to a token expression of gratitude, much less any actual quid pro quo, in exchange for it.

As regards the remainder of your comment - yes, without social guarantees of medical care and a livable retirement, life is much more stressful than it would otherwise be, and this additional stress is inversely proportional to socioeconomic standing, with an exponential term in the function. Is this really such a novel thought as your comments here make it seem? I find it obvious beyond the point of triviality, but I suppose someone who's never actually lived with it might not previously have had cause to give it any consideration.
That was one of the central arguments of the article. Even the poorest of us have a lot of nice things that even Rockefeller didn't have access to, such as access to penecillan which was discovered in 1928. If you are taking the other side of his argument, you are saying "I don't care about like penecillan, being richer than others is worth being without them".
All complaints that this article quoted are too generic.
For example, what specifically, does "people are treated like cattle" mean?
Mentioning the Paris "agreement" in a thread about NATO is a red herring. Moreover, the "collaboration" you mention implies that everybody is contributing fairly, which is not what is happening with NATO (or even the UN) right now.
Do Ethereum Subtokens Make Sense?
No baggage fees either.
Hey. If you're drinking lots of water and getting lots of cramps, don't ask people on the internets. Ask a physician, right? If there's something wrong with your kidneys, say, you won't make it better until you figure out what it is.
> Combining pure functions to create pure functions does not introduce any state, in this sense.

Yes, but that's not the same as state in the TLA+ sense. You cannot have computation without state in the TLA+ sense, whether you call your functions pure or not. In TLA+, an algorithm that "purely" computes quicksort and one that outputs an interim result after each recursive step is the same algorithm. TLA+ doesn't talk about visible state, but state in the most fundamental way, without which there is no computation whatsoever.

In part 3 I ask whether Euclid's algorithm or Quicksort are imperative or pure-functional. There is no way to answer that question, as their descriptions are at an abstraction level above where this distinction can be made. TLA+ can work at that level. You just can't look at Euclid's algorithm (or quicksort) in TLA+, and tell whether it's imperative or functional. It's an abstract mathematical description.

> We have lambda calculus

Lambda calculus is a state machine (or, more precisely, it is naturally described as a state machine).

> You don't need a state machine to prove QuickSort works in a purely mathematical way, either, just statements about the equivalence of functions.

What you're calling state and what TLA+ calls state is not the same thing. Whichever way you prove Quicksort works is the way you'd do it in TLA+ with state. You just don't call it state. I would, however, be very much interested to see how you prove Quicksort works using category theory. AFAIK, all approaches to verify QS work the same way, using an inductive invariant, namely an invariant on state.

> that seemed to support the idea that FP and TLA+ have strengths for different kinds of programs

I was talking about synchronous programming languages inspired by TLA+, and I agree. I would rather write a compiler in a pure-functional language than in a synchronous one, and an interactive program in a synchronous language than a pure-functional one. But that is a separate discussion from that about mathematical reasoning. I would agree that if one day there would be a FP-based verification tool that is aimed at engineers rather than researchers, then for ergonomics/syntax reasons, it's possible that it would be more convenient for reasoning about compilers. But there's nothing in the theory of TLA+ that makes it less convenient.

I do, however, admit that there are tradeoffs between working in "pure math" as in TLA+, or within a programming language. There are often patterns that are specific to certain programming styles, and reasoning within a similar formalism may reduce effort. In other words, sometimes you may want to reason about a specific expression of an algorithm rather than about the algorithm in its pure abstract sense, and a formalism that shares the same expression style may make it easier. But I don't know how much of this is purely hypothetical. Most algorithms that are interesting or subtle, are essentially interesting or subtle, and verifying them in all formalisms is very similar (and usually involves the same proof technique: inductive invariants).
UUID (v4) are displayed as hex strings with dashes.

They are really just a 128-bit number.
How could this be in the core of an OPERATING SYSTEM? At one of the largest software manufacturers in the world? I legitimately do not understand.
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What makes it really hard to change tracks? I imagine if there were enough political will, that's a solvable problem.
Is this kind of stuff really necessary here? The angry patronising and overbearingness coming from emerging ideologies ruling the Anglosphere is the reason why the EU is having to rethink its future. It's you guys the ones that have changed.
This reminds me of an issue of Dabiq magazine I read (ISIS propaganda). It was surprising that most of the arguments for their actions are cogent presuming all the ahadith (ie. oral traditions) that were considered authentic a millennium ago should still be practiced today. However their arguments for prophecies were stretched, with claims that the US is the Roman Empire and such.

The photos were stunning. Each one looked as if it ought to be a stock Windows wallpaper. And then I saw the photo of a beheading that I wish I could unsee. Now I'm quite happy to follow events using secondary sources, and I don't envy anyone who has the task of reading this shit.
Here's the email that was sent out by YC:

___________

DATE: Sun, May 28, 2017 at 12:53 PM (Pacific Time)

SUBJECT: Announcement: Startup School Delay in Videos This Week

BODY:

Startup School Delay in Videos This Week

Hi all,

We apologize for the lack of videos this week. We ran into quite a few technical difficulties with video editing/publishing, so this past week's lectures will be delayed until the coming week.

In addition, Alan Kay wanted to update a few parts of his lecture slides, so his second lecture will be back up this coming week as well.

Best,
Do you have any idea what is going on here or are you ignoring away in bliss? This is as much a pyramid scheme as VC industry is in that early investors make disproportionate gains (and losses). Finding the right tokens to invest in is the challenge.
>Do corporate policies say something like "2 star hotel less than X minutes from where business will take place..."?

Effectively, yes...that's why corporate travel booking tools exist...policy management. Your example is doable in those tools.

What they usually do is negotiate corporate rates with specific chains, and limit bookings to those places. With some additional policy to keep you in the basic rooms.
There were some explicit examples early in the talk: the mention of Java Applets in web documents and the creation of inline buttons in StrongTalk. The discussion of WYSIWYG a bit further along seems somewhat related to the intersection of literate programming and interaction.

My sense is Bracha's presentation asymptotes toward literate programming more from the programmer side versus from a starting point writing prose. My utterly unsubstantiated suspicion is that Knuth's asymptote was more from the direction of writing prose since a substantial proportion of the code he writes seems to be to be to support his prose writing habit...or to put it another way, Knuth seems to have a strong sense of self-identity as a writer as well as a programmer. But I could be wrong on both counts.

Or to put it another way, one concept (among many valid concepts) of literate programming might be literate programming as writing about code with the intent that all the examples run as a meaningful program or library. That is as an extension of writing an article or book about programming. That's a bit different connotativel y from approaching literate programming as a different way of writing programs or libraries...even if the end artifacts of a prose document and source file(s) are logically similar.
Assume European countries were all spending 2% of GDP for military capabilities within NATO.
What exactly would that buy them?

More military interventions with more refugees arriving at European borders?

There is basically no real threat to European countries atm. Russia is heckling a bit in Ukraine. Supplying Kalashnikovs to separatists and such. But in general, Russia is retreating. With Montenegro joining NATO and things going bad in Syria, Russia is losing access to the Mediterranean sea. And they run out of money quickly!

If things go wrong, special forces (a few hundred men) and French atomic missiles pose enough of a threat for rogue dictators. The large countries can't afford a war, because economic ties are too strong.

Military spending in Europe is exactly where it needs to be. Low.
Humanitarian help throughout the world and keeping the inner stability of society (social security, health-care, retirement, ...) gives a lot more bang for the buck. (pun intended)