skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
1) Without net neutrality, Facebook can simply pay your cellular internet provider to block all messaging apps but WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger (does that still exist?). Then their (as you put it) 95% monopoly can permanently increase to 100%. The only way to compete would be to either outpay Facebook (good luck!) or start your own cellular company (good luck!).

In fact, the massive monopolies can already pay for better internet speed for their services by paying for better (physical) access to the ISPs network.

2) I'm not sure what causality you are implying here. Is it that if websites were forced to pay off ISPs they would have no choice but to charge users for content, and users would in turn get used to it?

3) Without net neutrality there is room for exactly one app - the ISP provided app, since everything else is blocked.
Currently there are people in my country (which is dominated by WhatsApp) that are using Telegram, Signal and Line, so it seems like there is some competition to the giants (and many people abandoned WhatsApp when it was bought by Facebook). You can imagine what would happen if Facebook was allowed to pay off local ISPs to block everything else (and since "everyone uses WhatsApp anyway" you can bet they'll all agree to it).

4) As shown above, net neutrality reduces the barrier of entering into the market because without it there is the additional barrier of paying off the ISPs to allow access to your service.

Therefore, I suggest that the best course of action we have right now to alleviate these problems is to strengthen net neutrality :)
That is disappointing.

I was very pleased, the first time I ate at a similar restaurant, to be given all kinds of tools with which to attack the large pile of seafood.

(This was in Copenhagen, but two anecdotes isn't enough to generalize.)
HBO’s Silicon Valley Joins the Push for a Decentralized Web
You don't get absolutely blank pages in any field, even now. Until somebody knows enough to contribute, they've been shaped tremendously by their teachers.
I'm sure there are a lot of physical mutilations we could make to people that would reduce the chances of various diseases. Nonetheless, I think there's a moral issue in slicing up children (or adults) for this reason. Do our bodies belong to ourselves, to the government, to someone's god, or to the people around us?

Not that I'm saying you're advocating it; just continuing the train of thought.
Should we also ban the piercing of infant ears?
I have taken part to this course as a student, can confirm.

We were on a very tight schedule of 8 weeks and we had pressure to deliver content each week. Focus of the grading was on quantity vs quality. We had to take a book (Rozanski and Woods) as the bible and follow its guidelines for the analysis, even if many times they were not really applicable to the chosen project. Apparently the teachers think that every software project can be thoroughly analysed in eight weeks using a bunch of automated tools and predefined guidelines.

They ask you to create a "Module Structure Diagram" but your project has a complex set of dependencies and not-really-well-defined modules? Just make a fancy diagram with a lot of colours and it will be fine, nobody will check if that shit makes sense.

I have spent a considerable amount of time in writing my team's chapter, and I'm not proud of the fact that it's been published.
>Why should we lower our expectations to the lowest working conditions?

Because when you expect 9-5 5 days a week sat-sun off then some how the 10s of millions of us that work at all the businesses that don't keep banking hours are exceptions to the norm and because we're treated as exceptions instead of a normal, integral and enormous part (majority?) of the system: we get ignored; or treated as something that will just take care of itself if people "fix" what ever part of the system they think is the norm.
"How do you compete against competing services owned by ISPs?"

Good question. I guess you wouldn't need to as long as the ISP market is competitive. You might go to another competitor and convince them your product is good or your product can help/augment the service they are currently providing.

The invisible hand would be really interesting to watch there.
Please maintain the requirements for net neutrality.
> But it would also have been much more difficult for myspace in the first place and if they got too big the the gov't could easily split them up.

Please elaborate. How would ending net neutrality help the government easily split up myspace?

> If ISPs could charge for particular services

Then they would, and don't be surprised if they kept the lion's share of the profits, not giving much if anything to startups. Without net neutrality, ISPs could say "we're allowing you startups the privilege of being available through us, so don't expect any money from us"

> Why would I necessarily need to make a deal with every ISP. For most products I think you probably don't really care or need to be everywhere in the USA especially when starting out.

Ok but you initially said "no one can even begin competing with google search for less than 20 million" and guess what - that fact would not go away if you removed net neutrality. In fact, it would get even worse. You would need way more than 20 million, because now you also would have to pay the ISPs.
edit: ack - should be "good" fit, not "goof" fit, obviously.

And yes, per another point in the replies, someone else should have stepped in to decide differently when there was a tie. I could possibly have pushed harder, but the 'bozo bit' basically was flipped on that project, and much of what I lobbied for was ignored, at least in part because I was the one saying it.
current regulation doesn't account for anonymity. only that a isp must also do its best to route packages it can't understand. but doesn't guarantee either. if they can understand the content and want to monitor it, there's no protection against it.

without it they can just block/charge extra for things they cant read. making anonymity and privacy harder. but again, they wont have any new rigths that they don't have today.
What sort of skills would come in use for such a position?

I'm a Software Engineer (graduated in 2016) and considering a full time MBA (2 yrs) next year. This sounds like something I'd enjoy - just wanted to get more info from someone in the field.
Some interesting passages:-

> The new IPAct communications data requirements, however, include a paragraph under which a technical capability notice could require a provider to install a government-provided 'black box': "10. To install and maintain any apparatus provided to the operator by or on behalf of the Secretary of State for the purpose of enabling the operator to obtain or disclose communications data, including by providing and maintaining any apparatus, systems or other facilities or services necessary to install and maintain any apparatus so provided".

> A technical capability notice would also be able to require the operator to "consider" the obligations and requirements imposed by any technical capability notice when designing or developing new telecommunications services or telecommunications systems.

> The most controversial aspect of technical capability notices throughout the passage of the Bill was whether the obligation to remove encryption could be used to prevent use of end to end encryption. The proposed IP Act regulations say (for interception):"8. To provide and maintain the capability to disclose, where practicable, the content of communications or secondary data in an intelligible form and to remove electronic protection applied by or on behalf of the telecommunications operator to the communications or data, or to permit the person to whom the warrant is addressed to remove such electronic protection".

> For a technical capability notice the central concept is technical feasibility. Clearly it is not technically feasible for an operator who provides its users with true end-to-end encryption facilities to remove the encryption, since it has no decryption key.
And what about people who really are bad at math like dyslexia?
> the carbon tax can either substitute other taxes or the revenue from it can be returned to tax-payers in some form

I would be surprised if carbon tax payments offset some other taxes.
3 hours of daily commute for college.

Can confirm. Not fun.
I don't get why other areas of the country have such a hard time making decent pizza.

I was on a neighborhood tour of the Lower West Side a few weeks back and this came up when we sampled slices from what I think was the 2nd oldest pizzeria in NY. The guides attributed it to two things. One, the water used, the NY water supply comes from springs in the Catskills Mountains which have some sort of environmental protections. The other is the quality of the ingredients, the guide pointed out that the simple slice of cheese pizza didn't have any oil pooling on top of the cheese, cheap cheese will result in the oil separating during the cooking processed (that seems legit based on the pizza I get in TX).
It doesn't seem like the author is actually proposing an alternative, rather, the only thing says is "Don't use JWT, here is how you can do X with Nacl"

Even worse;

It is suggested that to authenticate a user one should use TLS. That might be true for a login form, but not beyond that. Once you have logged the user in, you need to continue authentication on every request. JWTs are one way to put this information on the client side without having to put any much trust into it.

The second example is a simple asymmetric encryption example which... for some reason JWT is not a solution for? I've used Ed25519 plenty of times with JWT (custom algo header in this case), so I see no problem there plus... I don't think this is what JWT is actually trying to solve.

The third example is encrypted data to the client, which is also something JWT isn't trying to solve, this is what JWE is for. JWT is purposefully unencrypted and I'm not sure how many developers would actually pretend a signature is encryption.

The last part is an actual example of JWT use cases, in which case however the author blabs on about the (in)famous "algo=none" bug a lot of libraries had. I've specifically used the Go library mentioned and strictly enforcing the algo is a nonbrainer if you are using a custom one anyway. On the other hand, I still use HMAC for a seperate token for short-term authentication over endpoints (to make blacklisting logins easier).

So JWT simply gives me some flexibility in sharing common code for authentication, the same code can consume the long-term tokens and the short-term tokens and much more if needed in the future.

I'm not saying JWT is the end all for problems, but it's rather easy ready-to-use solution for some of my problems.

Why write a signature library when there is one ready to use that, with care, is safe to use?
I did the same and it's really, really stressful being in traffic for that long. Not to mention turning a 9 hour day into a 13. Working remote has really improved my quality of life now.
Hobbyists like to do things for themselves and better understand how things work. It's the nature of being a hobbyist rather than a consumer.
It's not that all mass media is fictionalized so much as the popular stories about pirates have been fiction.

There's no need to conclude that a PBS Newshour story about Somali pirates is fake news because "Pirates of the Caribbean" is so much more popular.
Do does that mean all circumcised males are brainwashed and were all subjugated and deprived of rights as children?
In the show Rick and Morty, Rick builds a robot to pass the butter. Not one to do anything halfway [until he gets bored], Rick uses an advanced AI to control the robot. When the AI inquires, "What is my purpose?" the answer is "You pass the butter."

That little robot is all of us. But at least a life dedicated to passing the butter is better than one devoted to just holding the salt.
It also doesn't mean a decrease in unemployment, which is what this report claims. I'm also still unclear on _how_ a minimum wage would have no effect on unemployment, which is what the law of supply and demand predicts.
The Economic Policy Institute is heavily funded by labour unions who dominate the tax money receiving sector of the economy, and thus benefit from the public discrediting of economic theories that endorse the free market.
This is insane. I can't understand how Americans see this normal.
I recently discovered that Big State U, located in the town where I live, offers a major program specifically to handle people who signed up for engineering or CS but who are "bad at math." I use scare quotes because, except in rare circumstances, "bad at math" means "utterly failed by the education system." Instead of expending financial and organizational resources to remediate their innumeracy, the university permits them to pay a shocking amount of money and waste four years of their lives learning no useful skills.

I had interviewed a recent graduate of the program, who was basically unable to do math beyond the middle-school level, for a programming job. I was perplexed by the lack of skills and we did not extend an offer. I didn't put two and two together (so to speak) until I was chatting with a laborer who was helping move furniture around a few weekends ago. It turns out he was currently enrolled in this program, and he explained that he'd switched over from Real Engineering because he couldn't handle the math. And he wasn't the only one -- it became clear that the department offering this program has expansionist tendencies and markets it as an alternative to engineering. I didn't know how to tell him his future was being stolen, or if he would have believed me if I had.

I'm still a bit furious about this. It's one thing to allow a student to enroll in English Literature. Everybody knows that doesn't pay, but at least you're well-read. The program I'm talking about leaves no discernable mark on the student -- no attainment in literature, the arts, music, or philosophy, but no scientific or technical skills either. All you get is an expensive piece of paper and a few decades of indentured servitude as you pay down your useless education. I wonder about the people running this program. How do they sleep at night?
Ubuntu is absolutely a 1st class citizen in the K8s Ecosystem!

The front page of https://kubernetes.io/docs/ has a bullet that links to a super simple way to deploy Kubernetes to Ubuntu on any of [localhost, baremetal cluster, public cloud, private cloud]!

See:

* Installing Kubernetes on Ubuntu: Deploy a Kubernetes cluster on-premise, baremetal, cloud providers, or localhost with Charms and conjure-up.
Huh, thanks for the heads up. Could have sworn that was in there.
Even if this is true there is absolutely no reason to do it during infancy to a helpless victim.

Perhaps the procedure could be offered to adults as a way to have safer sex without actually having safe sex.
This is one of those topics where people have extremely strong opinions, yet the vast majority of people affected by this practice (circumcised males) have no opinion or even a favorable opinion of their circumcision.
I love these pieces that give an insight into another time. There is a certain old world charm to this. There is a lot of encouragement to to be thoughtful and put others first. This is what gracious means. And that's timeless.

But its also about a context that may not be common anymore. Our standards of behavior are much more laid back. I suspect its very rare for most people now be among strangers in a formal-informal context without friends in tow and in groups this reduces the overall level of formality. The risk of overt graciousness out of context is it might come off as affected.
Why the hell would someone pierce an infant's ears???
Ask HN: How much code do you write a day?
I'm curious about how much code most people write in a normal working day as a programmer.

I am looking into changing careers to become a programmer and want to know how much code one would be expected to write in a day.

Example:

Profession/position: --

Code:
- x amount lines of code / x amount of issues, etc.. closed
How confident are you of this introspection? Might it not rather be (for example) that female voices are evocative of motherhood?

Speaking for myself, while I would prefer a high-pitched voice for a digital assistant (male or female - Data sounds friendlier than HAL, for instance), I would prefer it not to be sexualised. Can't say for sure until I've tried it, but I think it would be disturbing if a computer attempted to flirt with me.
> In western countries, those things are "free" because we collectively pay for them.

Are you implying that somewhere else, these things are free without someone paying for them?

> I can't imagine having to pay for child birth.

Really? Should raising a child be free then too? Should everything be "free"? How does that work?

Except for rare circumstances, when someone gets pregnant, they choose to get pregnant. It may not be the desired outcome, but if you choose to play with fire, you're just ignorant if you think you can't get burned. It's a proactive choice. So if you don't have the means to deliver the baby (and subsequently raise the child in a positive environment), why did you choose to get pregnant and have the child? Why should everyone else be on the hook for your mistake? Regardless of who pays, children are expensive. Should we really reward people (and yes, that's what the system currently does) who want to make irresponsible decisions and have children they can't afford (in both time and money)?

Perhaps you're really pushing for full socialism? Sounds great! How's that working out in Venezuela?

> If I have to fight all the time for basic things, then yes, I'll start cheating the system

Are you "fighting" to pay your taxes? Are you "fighting" to pay your insurance premiums? We're not talking about a struggle to find the best daycare for your kid; we're talking about paying into a system (whether through the government or an insurance provider) that redistributes wealth from those that can pay to those who "can't", but it only works when people don't abuse the system. And if you have the ability to work, you should be contributing rather than "cheating the system". Otherwise, you're just trying to justify getting something for nothing.
So, which is it HackerNews? Are we OK with companies deciding what gets on the internet, or are we not? On one hand, we laud Facebook et al. for suppressing "fake news", and then we get upset when ISPs do the same.

Furthermore, the FCC has historically engaged in content regulation. Anyone wonder why there's no more cartoons on broadcast television? Or perhaps why the FCC is investigating Colbert's Trump Jokes? If we're so concerned about content freedom, the FCC is not the organization to trust.
Where I live, people drive gigantic gas hog trucks and SUV's. I like this idea. People with those types of vehicles might start to gravitate towards those who actually require their use, vs just thinking 'bigger and louder and faster is cooler.'
Exactly. And last time I checked Jewish people have a place to live that is violently protective of their way of life, namely Israel.
I totally agree that one should start with a monolith and when he feels confident that all bases were covered in the codebase, he can begin to worry about breaking up the monolith into microservices.

This growth journey makes more sense than starting out the door working on your microservices before business logic as this is like putting the cart before the horse.
If you live near a city this is often true (at least in the US). However, there are at least two problems with this:

1) often the broadband provided by mobile services is capped and/or much more expensive than the services provided by the 1 or at best 2 non-mobile ISPs you have access to.

2) in rural areas, often you do NOT have access to anything close to the same level of broadband speeds. There are a lot of places where the coverage is still spotty, and even where you have it, the speeds just aren't that great.

(again, I'm speaking about conditions in the US)
Locked Up for Being Poor
If you start a project with it it probably works fine (in that you can fix as you go).
Uber opening Toronto research hub for driverless car technology
It's unfortunate you don't seem to appreciate the difference between rhetoric and a question. I skipped your baseless accusation of "feigning this absurd obtuseness" since it was flamebait and wasn't worth addressing. Being insulting isn't really appreciated in this community.
It's because those who seek to create an echo chamber in a discussion thread about so-called neutrality have no sense of irony of what they're doing.
Cord cutting and a soft advertising market take a toll on media stocks
There's a lot of conversation on when should I use JWTs and when not to.

But as alternatives go, has anyone tried using Macaroons?

They've been mentioned in HN a few times but I've never seen the tech catch up, even though it looks like a very cool way to implement authorization.

Is there any particular reason why?

Here are some resources I've found and I think Macaroons is a very interesting concept. Even the paper is accessible to someone like me, without any real security or cryptography expertise.

Research paper: https://research.google.com/pubs/pub41892.html

A new way to do authorization: http://hackingdistributed.com/2014/05/21/my-first-macaroon/

(This link has an invalid HTTPS certificate if that concerns you): https://evancordell.com/2015/09/27/macaroons-101-contextual-...

After I found this, I've always wanted to try it out but haven't had the chance. Does anyone has any experience or comments about it?
Good, as long as you are morally consistent. I can't stand the hypocrisy of people that claim it's evil to circumcise your son but not evil to have your daughter's ears pierced.
Things like transmission system losses (for electricity) and ICE efficiency (for vehicles, only about 20% of the energy in fuels is converted to useful things like motion).

More or less rejected means "lost as heat before we can do something useful with it".
I'm not American, so please correct me if I'm wrong but I have yet to see any proof of this whole 'sell your internet history' complaint that seems to be blatently copied by everyone without any research.

The way I understand it is that ISPs can sell anonymized data from groups of users. Like: people who visit news.ycombinator.com generally also visit stackoverflow. I also don't know how an ISP would get your actual internet history if the website uses HTTPS.

Yes, I am a strong supporter of NN and I was appaled when the EU diluted it, but this reply is directed at your 'ISPs who are allowed to sell users' browsing history' part.
> no one can break in because regulation protects it

Are you saying that net neutrality protects existing players? Let's imagine removing net neutrality for a second. Now companies can pay ISPs for preferential treatment. Who has the money to pay the ISPs? Existing players. Thus, existing players get even harder to take down
How would Mars help? Mars, like Earth, is on a tight (1.6 AU) gravitational leash of the Sun. When the Sun dives into one of the galactic arms, so do Mars and Earth.

That said, interplanetary travel is probably something we need to get good at before we try the interstellar kind, so in a way, Mars settlement brings us a tiny bit closer to galactic safety.