skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> And ofc, if we are a simulation of a higher level's history, and the simulation is correct (to all necessary degrees), then we must be heading towards the sane point where we would render a simulation (unless the approximation fails to support it).

Even if a universe-scale simulation is physically possible, why should we expect it to faithfully repeat the same sequence of events that happened in the "outer" universe?

Leaving aside the question of why a civilization would want to try to simulate its own history, it seems very unlikely that it would be possible to reconstruct the initial conditions to get such a simulation started. The current physical state of the universe is the result of billions of years of thermodynamically irreversible processes. Furthermore, there are vast regions of the universe that interacted in the past, but are now permanently beyond each others' cosmological horizons due to the expansion of the universe. A faithful historical simulation would require precisely reconstructing staggering amounts of information, and even with the physicist's concept of "infinitely advanced technology", it's hard to imagine how such a thing could be done.
> How many 12+ character passwords are you able to memorize?

As I need to enter on a regular basis. In practice, no more than half a dozen. Usually I have 3 or 4 in use. Might be work, personal, and a couple for crypto.

> How long does it take you to learn a new/changed one?

Depending on the length, 5-10 minutes of continuous training to be confident if it's one I'm going to put into immediate use.

The point is to go straight to pure muscle memory without using a mnemonic crutch. Ultimately for a password that you're typing on a multiple-times daily basis, you're going to be relying on muscle memory anyway. If you're trying to remember what came after the correct horse battery, or if the correct came first or last, you've already lost. "limbdumaslaterjuramondo" gets me no closer to login if my password is "limbdumaslaterjuramondohalf" if I've forgotten nonsensical "half" than "+D%W}B_]7|~y" gets me to login if my password is "+D%W}B_]7|~yd" and I've forgotten "d".

You're going to be typing the password with your fingers, so learn the password by typing it with your fingers until it's automatic, not by conjuring a sequence of unconnected mental images. It actually saves time.
That's a grotesque exaggeration.

The difference between travelling with and without apps is nowhere near the differences in the scenarios you are painting.

Airline travel was designed pre-app era. Which means that, by definition, nobody needs smartphones with apps to travel. Airports are probably the most efficient buildings in the world.
It could be the case that we are being simulated by a far superior alien species. It could also be that invisible pink unicorns in the 15th dimension control all of our thoughts and only want us to believe this.

Without being tongue in cheek, I'll observe that the empirical evidence for both of these ideas is equal in quantity.

We don't know for sure that these things aren't true. But to ask that question is to inappropriately shift the burden of proof away from the claimer. Whoever claims something (we live in a simulation) should put up the evidence or get out. It's not up to bystanders to disprove the assertion. Connecting this to current events, even the president of the USA doesn't get to make baseless claims that his predecessor wiretapped him and get away with shifting the burden of proof to the FBI to prove he wasn't.

This "reversal of burden of proof" is a classic but invalid way to make a point.
Assuming you're asking in good-faith: it's not the direction of bits that's the concern, it's the number of bits. End users should have the option of opting-in their metered bits towards Peer5's CDN revenue.
I like the simplicity, but have some issues with the stdin/stdout approach - firing up a new interpreter for every invocation has the potential to become costly in terms of time to first byte...

iron.io seems a trifle better in that regard, although and I've been fiddling with it and trying to figure out the amount of work involved in getting it to run on ARM, which seems to be quite a bit more.
> What's the point in having super fast storage, quad core processors and fast memory if the software is so limiting and horrible it doesn't let you take advantage of it?

That's kind of a funny thing to say given that one of the hallmark features of Android 'O' is them locking down what developers can do with the operating system: https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2017/03/first-prev...

Check out the very first feature mentioned, Background Limits.
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It doesn't prevent simulating A universe. You can then compute a difference between the simulated past state and real past state based on (partial) information about the past state.

Then you go back and iterate again, eventually improving the accuracy of simulation until there is no distinguishable difference between simulated state and real past state.

The simulation might end up being not a perfect copy, but it would reach the point where it will be impossible to find any discrepancies.
Edit: misread your comment. Removing mine.
Methane burns cleaner than petrol.
"I haven't heard quite that argument before. Couldn't it just be simulated slower than real-time? Or is memory the issue?"

The "real time" in simulation is not affected by how long a single time step takes to evaluate in the real world.

https://xkcd.com/505/
thanks! try us out https://asktetra.com and maybe we'll get to 3 :)
John Deere (and Tesla too) are trying to have their cake and eat it too.

If they want to license their technology then they should not be pretending that one "owns" the tractor/car when one "buys" it.

If they were honest then they would be leasing instead of selling.

That might work for Tesla. It would be harder for John Deere though.
Please elucidate.

Misinformation like, "Always use a reputable cloud password manager, like LastPass?" Along with a trusty antivirus, am I right?

To be further contrarian, if the common man is going to use a password manager, use Chrome's built-in auto-fill, without antivirus or other 3rd-party bolt-ons, be they LastPass, KeepPass, 1password etc. You know who Tavis works for, right? Chrome's application security is best of breed, and its password manager does what it's designed for, at least.
The UK restrictions do affect BA, EasyJet, Jet2, Monarch, Thomas Cook and Thomson.
Applying Caching and Offline Storage in App42 Android SDK
Select view source on a page where credentials are auto populated. See your password.

Now imagine you stepped away from your machine while still logged in.

Autofill is convenient, but there are negative consequences.
At the end of the article, Scott essentially says the same thing, but emphasizing the other side of the coin:

> [...] the question of whether the universe “really” “is” a simulation has barely come up. Why would it, when there are so many more fruitful things to ask?
The fact that it ignores two things that are controversial at best seems to not really be a problem... Qualia's existence is more or less unprovable given its definition, and there are numerous objections to the Penrose-Lucas argument. Using either as a basis for an argument is essentially the same as basing an argument in faith.
Flipkart raises $1Bn downround after a year of 18 devaluations
It's amusing that the point of the blog post was how refreshing it was to be at the Stanford conference with bright minds talking about stimulating new topics; yet the comments here on HN continue to discuss the tired topic.
He announced it exists, though not what it is. Who knows, it might even spur some people to move away from LP.
So the big trick is to convince humanity that we all need to be the teachers of AI as an intentional practice. AGI will be our offspring so why shouldn't we all have a hand it teaching it and seeing the fruits of our labor?
Is there a standard for this? If not, are they trying to make one?

Seems it's of pretty limited value to have an app for one airport, so what you want is an app that can show info for multiple airports. Such an app would be a lot more likely to exist if at least a subset of the API was standardized.
That's my take on it too. The history of physics has shown, though, that it pays in interesting ways to go through every crazy idea until it's actually refuted or understood to be wrong.
My favourite (2010):

- http://helmer.sfe.se/
- http://www.helmer-air.com/
I can answer the "why" question. Provided, our descendants will be able to empathize with their ancestors (rather big "if"), they can use the simulation to reverse the death and resurrect every person who ever lived.

As for verifying the accuracy of the simulation, you only need information about the initial state of the universe (think CMB radiation) and partial information about past states of the universe to reproduce a selected region of universe with certain level of precision.
Follow[the]Seed VC Says, “The Next Unicorn Could Be Jayride.”
And even if cleared, everyone still thinks he's guilty.

Ask a random person on the Left about the Duke lacrosse players. Even though they were exonerated... not just found not guilty... and the prosecutor was put in jail, and the accuser is now in jail, most progressives still think something happened, and their lives are ruined.
Public Speaking and Its ‘Seven Faces of Intention’ – Dr. Wayne Dyer
The only tablet I've ever wanted to own is a light 12-13" e-ink reader for music sheets. Sony did one as an experiment and closed the division I think?
I don't have a printer at home. I don't know anyone under the age of 40 who has a printer at home.
If you have a way to find discrepancies between a simulation and reality, why do you need the simulation anymore?

I don't buy it. Even simulating just the earth and its environs would probably require a computer as big as a galaxy worth of matter. There's just no conceivable payback that could ever be worth the costs.
I don't have a printer at home, so having my boarding pass on a phone makes things a lot easier.
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"AR more potential future states in which we don't exist" - This is covered in the simulation argument as a possible solution, it doesn't break the argument if its part of it. Edit; Thinking some more about his, it doesn't matter how many potential future states in which we (or people like us) don't exist, there must be NO states in which we DO exist otherwise it would still be billions to one that we would be the 'real' one.

"But it is impossible to completely simulate a system from inside that system" - This is true, so if we WERE in a simulation you would expect some kind of 'fuzziness' to exist in most of the universe, perhaps collapsing into more exact points when important, a kind of 'uncertainty principal' :O.
In the Netherlands many people who take a bus or train have an app (9292 or NS). It's one of the most useful apps on my phone.

+ It tells me when my stop is coming up and I have to press the button to get out of the bus.

+ It reminds me to checkout​.

+ It tells me where to find the bus when I arrive at a train station I don't know.

+ It helps me plan my travel so I can leave on time.

+ It helps me to know when the latest train goes home.

+ It helps me to find the shortest route.

+ It tells me if there are still public bikes available at the station of my destination.

Of course, flying is quite different. Nevertheless I regretfully "did have issues" with flying.

+ I have to buy and print ESTA forms every two years.

+ I have to print boarding passes.

+ I have to print how to go to my hotel after arriving at an airport.

+ I have to look at dumb displays to find my gate.

+ I have to have this paper document called a passport that can be lost and gets you on Interpol if you're unlucky, but that's another story.

+ I almost never get a vegetarian meal because these booking agents are terrible.

+ Try to do the paperwork if you travel with something fancy, e.g. robots. "That doesn't look like a laptop, Sir!"

+ Even making a picture of a carry-on to check if it's the right size might be helpful, because that's the current attack on the passenger.

+ If you travel so often, can you take a bottle of coke with you? No, you're a terrorist.

There are many issues with air travel.
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Seems high to me too. Even accounting for it being an expensive and complicated service, what would hairdressers in Africa really be charging that wouldn't cause the global average spend to drop? It's saying that half a billion people are spending $1000/year each. I wonder if they've extrapolated from an optimistic figure?
I don't know if avoiding liability for their products is great way to make money or not. But if they are making a large effort to avoid liability, they are doing that as a way to guarantee profits - ie, make money.

Deere effectively has a monopoly on tractors at the scale discussed in the article. That's why farmers are buying the tractors and illegally moding them rather than buying competing brands - see comments elsewhere on this page.

And, of course, they're leveraging new legal concepts which allow them to sell their tractors while maintaining control over them through software licenses.
use late at night delays melatonin production

If you root Android, you can install F.lux (the real deal, not that fake red layer crap), which helps considerably.
Why does it need to be a complete simulation? At the extreme, it could be a simulation in which you alone are the only conscious entity. Nothing outside your immediate proximity is simulated.
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I'm a developer myself so I love software. I am simply puzzled by the statement someone made about needing a dozen apps to fly.

Here's my reality when I fly with my small children. I make it a game. I give them the printouts and have them navigate the family around the airport, etc. Airports are designed very well. They are designed for someone who doesn't speak the local language to find their way around.

And so, the way I look at it is: If a couple of kids, 9 and 10 years old, don't have a problem then I think for the most part these are solutions looking for problems. A piece of paper does just fine for probably 99% of travel scenarios.

Had the comment poster said something like "There's this one app that helps me get around and this is how it works" I think I would have reacted positively to that statement. The exact quote was:

"If this (eventually) leads to the possibility of one -1- properly designed and implemented airport app rather than me having a couple dozen different apps installed, all buggy and crash prone and with hardly any common UI features at all - then I'm all for it..."

Which triggered the question: Why does someone have to go through all of this pain and aggravation when millions of people have been travelling around the world for decades with nothing more than a few pieces of paper?

Most of what I read about this is unnecessary. Airports were designed way before smartphones every existed. Ergo, they work very well without them. In fact, they work very well with nothing more than a few pieces of paper in your hand.
> You can only go so far with SQL as far as readability goes

This. Exactly this is the problem. SQL as a language fails to provide you with simple means of composition.

And this is where libraries like Python's SQLAlchemy come into play. Note that it is not necessary to use SQLAlchemy as an ORM. Even if you use it "just" as a query builder, it will simplify a lot.

Composition is really where the syntax of SQL fails utterly. This is quite surprising, because the foundation of SQL, relational algebra, excels at composability: You have many operations which all operate on the same type of data (namely, sets of tuples, or in math/cs speak: "relations"). As such, you can combine them in any way you want. For example:

* "Filter" takes a relation and returns a relation, just with fewer rows.
* "Projection" takes a relations and returns a relation, just with fewer columns
* "Cross Join" takes two relations and returns one relation.
* "Inner Join" is really just a combination of "Cross Join" and "Filter"
* ... and so on.

SQL's attempt to be more "human readable" than those nested operations fails to preserve that. Yes, we have sub selects, but can't just stick together the operations we want.

For example, assume you have an existing query (perhaps more complex than this one):

select a, b from t where a > 0

and want to apply a simple filter "b > 0" on top of it:

(select a, b from t where a > 0) where b > 0

This kind of composition is not allowed. You either have to either give up composition (no reuse of the existing query) and combine the filters by hand:

select a, b from t where a > 0 and b > 0

Or, you have to write a larger sub select:

select * from (select a, b from t where a > 0) as temp where b > 0

In relational algebra, the first statement would have been:

Projection[a,b](Filter[a>0](t))

Or, using ">" for nested function calls (function composition):

t > Filter[a>0] > Projection[a,b]

For the task at hand, you just compose it with your additional filter and be done with it, reusing 100% of your existing query:

t > Filter[a>0] > Projection[a,b] > Filter[b>0]

However, SQL forces you to either rewrite this query:

t > Filter[a>0 and b>0] > Projections[a,b]

Or to apply a sub select, which means adding nonsense operations such as naming a purely temporary intermediate result and projecting to all columns:

t > Filter[a>0] > Projection[a,b] > Name[temp] > Filter[b>0] > Projection[*]

In my view, the task of SQL query builders (such as the one in SQLAlchemy) is to restore the ability for programmers to form their query in relational algebra, without having to worry about the quirks added by the SQL language.
Why sell a box that does nothing when you can sell a box that does something?
The Docker FaaS UI and built-in Prometheus metrics is a great way to build a Serverless configuration. Not to mention how easy it is to install and deploy with one command.
Ask HN: Thoughts on Only allowing login by OAuth
I am in the process of releasing my webapp which requires users to login to my app first and create profile but instead of using the own login functionality i am only relying on OAuth and i am allowing users to login with Google/FB/Microsoft/GitHub/Linked-In. Only information i want is their email address (and optionally First & Last name). I am also displaying what information is received from respective provider.

My reason for not implementing my own login is it may not be as secure as the biggies in the business, i don't have to deal with the mess of activation/reset password thing, OAuth is fairly simple and less complicated to implement.

I signup to other sites using OAuth just to avoid remembering another user/pass, but do you think its a good idea to completely rely on Oauth?

I can add the help page link / button to assure user why i am using OAuth but still will it affect the user signups and BTW all services will be free on my site.
I think the move to fewer cores and lower clock speeds was to improve battery life. You can still buy laptops with quad core CPUs (even Xeons if you look round), but battery life is nowhere near as good as the new dual core i7s
I am, and that's like saying you should be able to opt in to google's adwords revenue when using google.
I've been thinking about distributed databases lately and how such a system should be designed. How does nature do it ... ? (quantum mechanics)
I went the other way: 7" tablet + small $20 featurephone. I think the whole combo is cheaper than a single 6" smartphone, and you can't beat the battery life.
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I don't know about BSD being smug and the other things you say. This sounds to me like what could be perceived when reading clickbaity and polarizing articles of the "Linux vs BSD" variety. I'm seeing BSD as a welcome choice/alternative to Linux that I would hate to loose.
My friend was trying to get an account with his ISP to his apartment. The ISP got data from the landlord, my friend noticed that he was in fact getting internet for another apartment completely.

He first told them to cancel the deal, then tried again, same wrong apartment number registered, he called the ISP and the response was,
"yes we know it's the wrong one, but we've mapped that apartment to your apartment on our side, so all is good."

How would it play out legally if I sign a contract where delivery is to be made to X but I want it to Y, but they tell me to sign it anyways because they can fix it in their end. I mean, what I signed would not be what I wanted, how so I prove this if my wish is not fulfilled?
Not sure about the laws in the US, but my wife works as a chemical engineer at a sewage treatment plant here in Sweden and they run _all_ incoming sewage through a aneorobic digester. This generates enough methane to run all the busses in Stockholm and then some. Our car also (VW Passat) also runs on bio-methane.

Important to note that this is 100% carbon-neutral since it uses carbon already in cycle, as opposed to fossil natural gas which adds carbon to the cycle.
To me that, and 'I think therefore I am' are just I'm a special snowflake arguments.

I take the simulated Intelligence argument the same way. Suppose you could create a simulation of an intelligence that was indistinguishable from a real one? Well then, you'd have created an artificial intelligence. If such a thing reported that it experienced qualia I'd have no reason to doubt it.

Edit: to put it differently. Suppose I built a model of a Formula 1 engine. I used different materials at a different scale and used a different fuel, but to precise tolerances so that it could actually run. Would it be a Formula 1 engine? No. Would it be an internal combustion engine? Of course, nobody would doubt it.
> It's only on the edge of the zone that they check your passport.

I am aware. My point wasn't clear. I wasn't surprised I was not asked for my passport, however I was surprised I was able to fly from Germany to Spain without anyone verifying I was the person my boarding pass said I was.

I could have given my ticket to a friend and they would have been able to fly under my name, because at no point did anyone ask for government ID to confirm I was the same person as my boarding pass.

I value the freedom of movement Europeans have very highly, but it just goes to show how dead easy it is for someone to travel undetected (e.g. have an associate buy your ticket).
Keepass, although to be fair I don't think all the plugins on this page have been properly reviewed: http://keepass.info/plugins.html
From a customer perspective I wish they would try selling to me a bit less, I don't shop at retail stores that are too in your face, it's getting like that at Amazon.
You have to actually compute the simulated state and compare it to known bits of the past state to get the results.

Yes, simulating Earth to sufficient precision might require resources of the Type III civilization. However, if something can be done, why shouldn't it be done?

The payback is twofold, actually:

First, you can get provide the meaningful afterlife to your ancestors.

Secondly, once you have hardware and software to simulate a virtual universe, you can create a multitude of them, with different properties and qualities. Think of the same logic behind splitting the physical computer into virtual machines.
Guetzli runs the whole image to the same specified quality -- when artefacts start to emerge, they are everywhere, not just in one sensitive area. Guetzli can be more likely worth its cpu cost at a higher quality, around 92-96.
Also, it doesn't explain anything, and esp. nothing about the simulators: are they themselves simulated (and so it's turtles all the way down, again) or are they not? And if not, why not, and who are they? etc.