Do you really think no one is currently working on compilers, thread schedulers, standard libraries, etc?

No. Do you really think all the work on compilers, thread schedulers, standard libraries, etc. is forward progress? Is reimplementing list sorting for a standard library for Python and for Lua and for Perl and for Java and for Clojure and for .Net and for Go and for Ruby and for JS and for Rust and for ... really the kind of progress you mean when you say "without this, nothing works"? Is this not sideways movement instead of forwards movement?

Are there really improvements in thread schedulers in the last 10 years, that justify "without this progress, nothing works"?

Do you think your javascript runs faster today than it did five years ago solely due to hardware improvements?

Pages are more bloated, load slower, call more dependencies, have more fluff, have worse UIs. Javascript engine improvements haven't brought me better quality of life, they've turned fast desktop apps into slow web apps. Fast desktop CRUD into slow web CRUD.

That said, if you really think we wrote all of the lower level, technically complex code we'll ever need 20 years ago... I don't even know what to say.

I didn't think that until it came out in my comment, and 20 years is a bit of a stretch, but 10 years ago - ok, why not? What exactly is so much better in low level worlds that nothing modern would work without it? ~10 years ago you could have Java and C# and Python and Perl and Lua runtimes, ZFS storage, Linux or BSD schedulers memory management, Varnish cache, memcached, LLVM/Clang, ACLs, SELinux, Virtualization, IPv6, TLS 1.1, MP3s, DVDs, 3D graphics, Mozilla, and on and on.

When you say "without the last ten years of low level code, nothing works" what exactly doesn't work? Drivers for new hardware. No CUDA? No JS frameworks? No Roslyn? Less capable compilers and JITs, no Go-Lang?

Right right, some things run a bit slower, and others would have to be written in different languages. But what ... can't you do? Actual things you can do now that would be impossible? Go back to a CLI only and there's a lot you can't do. Drop hardware video decoding and you can't usefully play video. Drop all the GC/RAD languages completely and there's a lot of apps you can't economically write at all. Go far enough back and there is no storage with checksumming or storage which can do software RAID or storage with multi-TB support, no independent processes - but this doesn't go that far back, not at all.

Sure there's newer, faster hardware, and there are benefits. Sure things are being worked on, but there's a huge amount of towering tech stacks now abandoned, duplication and triplication of the same effort, and general sideways churn and reinvention of wheels that isn't forward progress.

I guess I'm saying that C -> high level GC'd languages was a hell of a change. Two high level languages -> twenty high level languages isn't. It's more human-hours but less progress. Mainframe TUI programs to localizable high res desktop apps was a hell of a change. Desktop CRUD to Web CRUD isn't. No web server to a web server to PHP and maybe to RoR was a hell of a change. One dynamic web framework to a hundred wasn't.