skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I don't think statewide social/political issues have much bearing, otherwise, e.g., Austin wouldn't be as successful as it is. Locally progressive is important. I don't know how Kansas City fares in that regard. A University nearby with a strong CS program is important and Universities usually bring with them the progressive crowd.
Ask HN: Any OOP language which enforces / encourages purity / immutability?
I'm a c# developer and working on large projects made me realise how hard is it to maintain projects with side effects everywhere.

Which made me wonder if there are any OOP languages out there which has a strong emphasis on immutability. For e.g. syntax that lets user construct an object only on instantiation, syntax to easily clone an object, syntax to differentiate between a pure function and an impure one etc.

Note:

1. I do realise many people define OOP as stateful and what I am describing above is fundamentally against such OOP, and also this problem is solved by functional languages. But what I mean by object oriented is a paradigm that keeps classes/types/structs as fundamental building blocks to model problem domain, which has behaviour (methods) on state, and one which has essentially '.' (dot) syntax. For e.g. a language where I can do:

class Person (name, bday)
{
...

func int age()
{
// calculated from bday state
}

}

// And later
var p = new Person (...)
var age = p.age()

2. By mutability I mean mutating an object (changing its state), not reinitializing the variable. I'm OK with latter.

First time on HN, hopefully my question is within the rules. Thanks everyone!
The Introvert’s Guide to Status Games
This is a thread about building a magnetic shield to protect an entire planet. Shipping some gear to the poles of the moon to melt ice doesn't seem that crazy in comparison.
Thank you Leon. Was there any difficulty in using/understanding the app?
My father still has his ZX-81. It was his first computer. I tried getting it hooked up to a modern TV a few years back but had no luck. I didn't have an oscilloscope handy, and there are no LEDs or status lights of any kind on the thing, so I didn't get round to figuring out what was wrong.

It's a pretty cool piece of history though. How many people can say they still have their first computer?
Depends on a few things, experience, job (or internship) history and what tools you want to / are open to work with. Attitude is also key (I really hate "rockstar" jerks).

I'd say the most common range I see new grads start at is between 65-80, sometimes 85-90 but that's rare, with the right experience and attitude later in life I regularly see people ranging from 100-150+ without any questions being raised.

It's complicated but at the end of the day you're worth what you can justify. To me this is a question of how much I expect you can realistically contribute, which will not be the same for every place you interview due to the factors I mentioned above.
If 90+% of a journalist's job is to open documents from sources in an office program, what good does it do to cage exploits in to LibreOffice? Those exploits still get virtually all the data an attacker wants from the journalist.
Tell that to the journals...
Black Hole to Be Photographed in 2017
The Speaking Telegraph
> Statistical models doesn't mean that there is no predictive power

Sure, but that's not what I said.

The orbit of a single planet in isolation is extremely simple. Take the orbit and self-interaction of a protoplanetary disk around a star instead and you'll find that while our models can make some predictions, they will be able to tell you virtually nothing about the configuration of planets that will eventually form from them. We have weather models, which are actually better characterized than our models of planetary formation, but they will tell you nothing about where hurricanes will make landfall next hurricane season.

We can't make predictions about these things, but we don't call the models we do have "not really very predictive" because we recognize the extreme uncertainty in what we're asking in those cases. That was what I was responding to.

The idea that evolutionary theory is "squishy" because we can't figure out "how an organism will evolve" with all the monumental complexity hidden in that simple question is as silly as calling astrophysics "squishy" because it can't answer the above.
The MacBook Pro doesn't move APPL stock, it is a tiny portion of their sales, the entire Mac business is around 10% of revenue.
In my opinion what people are feeling now is a shadow tax in the form of increased cost because the US FED flooded the global markets with cheap USD and shored up the banks.

The psychology of pain applies to both the individual, the city, and all the way to the state and federal government. Which is that in comfort, no one changes. The only one motivated to change in this scenario currently is the individual (household).

In planning, I generally try and first determine if a market is frothy and then predict where the pain could/should/will come from. If I can't determine a pain point, I assume that either a) I missed something or b) there is yet to be a point of inflection.

My plan for housing ended up by waiting 7 years (2005-2012) to purchase my home as a foreclosure. So it certainly took some patience and planning. With that said, if I hadn't seen some pain in the local RE market by around 2009, I would have moved to some place that afforded me a similar lifestyle but one that I could purchase a home, given my priorities.
Sure, so there is more demand than supply is my point. If we want to address that we need to diversify where we invest [not just toronto] so we can make alternatives available and not concentrate everyone's desire to live in a 50km radius.

Remember that next time you vote. And that isn't a jab at the current government, it's more a statement to remind people that tax cuts and other incentives we can expect to come up on offer come election time are not what we are complaining about here.
Mac laptops never had that.
That includes the land at least...
I consider my range to be about 75 - 125 USD for the specs I've given. I already have my own OS License, so no need for an OS in the price.
I'm aware of that. I'm just pointing out that HN sentiment is not always reality.
It cannot print a heater cartridge. Please contact me at frank.ren@shdowwell.com for free samples.
It cannot print a heater cartridge. Please contact me at frank.ren@shdowwell.com for high quality and reliable heater cartridge. Free samples are available for testing.
namecheap use cloudflare, and didn't email their customers (including me) telling them that they may want to change their password...

I have now transferred every single one of my domains away from namecheap

I also installed the following extension, and now watch what I put into cloudflare pages: https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/claire/fgbpcgddpmj...
The only proof you have that it IS evidence is the word of someone who you know is willing to break the rules to secure a conviction.
I use them. Basically DO but with better IPv6.
> Now they are a phone company who presides over the death throws of an amazing operating system that is going to be killed off to make it more like a phone. The new "features" every cycle are more "lets put this phone feature on the desktop"

it's death throes.
Probably not half, but way too much. I'm hoping that the recent Amazon downtime will help put the breaks to this trend.
Ah, but the problem with discussions of status is that "not chasing status" is a status in and of itself. It's status all the way down!!

You will never get rid of it.
Your first line is true but only in a trivial sense. In this sense Fitbit is also a computer company. That would be a stretch, but not by far.
The days of OS8 were over 20 years ago.

even OSX 10.3, which was when OS X started to get really good, was released in late 2003, almost 14 YEARS AGO .

I know people who have been on Macs for 20 years, since OS8 or 9 days, who have bought non-Mac hardware and won't get another MacBook - that is significant and Apple should be paying attention to that.

Apple is not gated by their software costs - they clearly make a lot of money from their desktop, mini, and laptop sales.

So why not produce something truly excellent instead of merely adequate?
That's in part because, unaccountably, '_' denotes assignment in S.
Yeah, I think about half the RE20's I've ever seen have that trademark dent. Just like about half the SM58's in the world have a mangled ball that's not perfectly round anymore. Some mics are just made to be abused I guess!
Nationalism and Liberal Democracy
A cache seems like a particularly odd example to choose for this. If you are changing the way a cache functions, then presumably you either have fairly short expiration times (problem will fix itself) or you would have some form of cache invalidation as part of the deployment process.

Additionally, it would have been nice to see some mention of patterns that solve this issue more completely, like CQRS, where state is disposable.
Porque no los dos?
I'll add a large part of the MBP discourse was people saying this was an indicator of poor performance across the board for Apple, not just in laptops.
Looks very awesome. What term app is that?
That's... weird, actually. I'm inclined to think that this is incompetence rather than malice, if only because as malice its extraordinary incompetent. I mean, what would the point even be? I would think it's a MITM, but they already control the hypervisor, so I can't imagine any sort of compromise that isn't completely trivial to implement invisibly.
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Machine turns empty beer bottles into sand
This is a little off topic but seems as good a place as any to ask:

Is anyone working on computer vision that is "tricked" by illusions? I'm curious because it seems like a good way to test how accurately computer vision maps to human vision (then again, I'm not even sure that's a goal!)
> incentive structure for the police

That assumes that the police's incentive is simply to convict as many people as possible. Which, if true, raises other concerns.
From experience I've found the "core" parts SAS Base, SAS GRAPH, OR, ETS etc are very stable. other parts we have had issues with in the past - Stored processes, LSF for scheduled jobs.

SAS tech support have been pretty good though I believe my workplace pays a lot for the privilege of being able to contact them direct.

One thing I have found is you can usually throw something together in a pretty "hackish" manner but typically there is a better and more optimal method of doing it which will be much more stable. Sometimes it doesn't hurt to ask tech support "What is the recommended method for doing..." Code which abuses the SAS macro language is especially notorious and a good candiate for asking this.

A quick google tells me first class JSON support is pretty new (dec 2016).

http://blogs.sas.com/content/sasdummy/2016/12/02/json-libnam...

I don't know much about this all the A2A messaging is XML based in my org.
Does working on your project, or running it, require a Dyalog license?
Great to build a large and long wall /s
That's called a work around. Its not a big deal in the grand scheme of things, but its not something you'd call a desirable design trait for a desktop app.
>Cute snake oil, but you might want to peddle it somewhere other than Hacker News. People here place too much importance on facts and knowledge to really go for this stuff.

Actually I think this is exactly the kind of pseudo-scientific nonsense that HN types tend to fall for. I am glad that most of the top comments are people debunking it but I think it's telling that it was upvoted to the front page in the first place.
What about windows 7 was so great? The start menu? Windows 10 has a 5 second boot up time, most all annoyances anyone has online can be configured away, and it is insanely stable (haven't had it once crash on me yet).
I'm basically a freelancer at the moment, but it was a similar story when I worked for a dev shop too.

The last few clients have all been startups who brought me in for specific projects due to lack of experience/hands/etc.
Millions of unattended 403 Forbidden files found on Google thats Shocking
An example of groupthink?

Freshwater macro, for one.
Didn't AAPL's earnings only hit 'record' levels because they added a week to the quarter?

http://www.theverge.com/2017/2/1/14468090/apple-q4-2016-earn...

Otherwise it would have been a down quarter, no?
Based on my own experience, when you want something cheap you will have to deal with unexpected downtime. In that situation, you may spend more money on redundancy, monitoring and time.
The verge? I'd say probably want to get your financial news from Wall Street Journal, CNBC, or established trusted sources.
And here's what happens if you ask Google Home “is Obama planning a coup?”
Is this a good start for Math required for Machine Learning ?
Thank you gao8a, yes I went to a nearby toastmasters club as guest and planning to join them soon.
My point is not whether Android or iOS is better. It's that the key to keeping iOS developers around is NOT to make a better laptop but by putting more effort into iOS so that its market share grows.

No matter how great XCode becomes, if everyone starts using Android, people will all jump ship to Android, which means many iOS developers will change to windows.
ShareX uses ffmpeg on Windows for screencast recording (similar to ffscreencast), but ShareX doesn't seem to care much about streaming.

https://getsharex.com/
> Physics does have predictive problems when it is applied to weather, climate, etc, because those are complex systems. But that kind of the thing is a minority of the subject matter in physics.

There is a far greater number of humans working in applied physics than in characterizing isolated aspects of theoretical systems so I'd question how you judged "minority" there :)

Perhaps our disagreement is just in choice of words. The idea that "physics", and all that encompasses, is somehow more predictive than a subset of biology was what triggered my response. If instead you said we have excellent models for simple questions in particle physics, we may have agreed :)

As I mentioned on a sibling comment, a simple question like "how an organism will evolve" is of course enormously complex, and if we're going to evaluate the "squishiness" of our answers to it, it's better compared to our ability to predict specific storms a year in advance or how a protoplanetary disk will evolve into a specific configuration of planets. We don't cite those as squishy because we recognize the complexity of the systems involved (and the relative primitiveness of our models).
Yeah right swap memory. I'm a server management newbie. This was a cent os instance and apparently it didn't have a native certbot so I had to use certbot auto.
Magneto goes through "the change"
[...]which is that centralised bureaucracy and decision making can be very harmful.

Or very useful --sometimes even demonstrably so (e.g. tragedy of the commons).
Two words: Carl Icahn.
Thanks @neves ! will look into this book
"They used to mine silicon?" Seriously? Or is this a joke going over my head?
The real unemployment rate, U-6 is probably closer to the truth: http://www.gallup.com/poll/189068/bls-unemployment-seasonall...
This book is a really accessible primer on the basics. Much more readable than a lot of other textbooks, which kind of go all-out in terms of rigor rather than present things intuitively. This was one of the textbooks we used in Princeton's introductory CS theory class (COS 340: Reasoning About Computation). The probability section is especially good.
You missed the next bullet point-

> In practice, Border Patrol agents routinely ignore or misunderstand the limits of their legal authority in the course of individual stops, resulting in violations of the constitutional rights of innocent people. These problems are compounded by inadequate training for Border Patrol agents, a lack of oversight by CBP and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, and the consistent failure of CBP to hold agents accountable for abuse. Thus, although the 100-mile border zone is not literally "Constitution free," the U.S. government frequently acts like it is.

Scream "AM I BEING DETAINED!" all you want, you might win a court case. You still got your butthole probed.
What you described is Standard Operating Procedure for FBI, DEA, and intelligence services if the method is too good to give up. What they do in those situations is try to come up with alternative methods tgat can justify how they obtained the information. That process is called parallel construction. FBI and local departments have even been intentionally losing cases to avoid light being shed on some of their tools, esp stingrays.

Not saying it's happening here. Just reminding you they do this.
The concept of property taxes is the way governments prevent you from truly owning your land. I'm paying about $450/month for the privilege of owning my house. Renters here are able to apply for a property tax refund based on their rental amount.
Yes, discrete math is a good start for anything CS, but you'll definitely need more than what's presented here.
10+ years of excessive quantitative easing and negative interest rates by multiple governments around the world might have a little to do with it.

Do you think $1 trillion++ of new debt per year affects nothing?
I'm sure this depends on the toolset one is using, for me personally - switching back and forth between PC/Mac is not a big deal since the apps I'm using - IntelliJ/Android Studio, Atom, Chrome, Mancy, vim, "terminal" (on Windows I actually find myself using git bash more often than the "built-in" ubuntu) etc etc - all of that looks just about identical. Xcode would be the only mac-only thing I can think of that I've ever had to use.
Thanks a lo GavinMcG, these are really helpful. let me start and give you an update in a month or two on where I stand :)
Not really. You're better off looking at introductory calculus and statistics. This book places more emphasis on discrete math.

One good way to go about it is to audit an online course [like Andrew Ng's] and figure out what gaps you need to fill in your knowledge to understand the material.
A "we both go to jail" policy would have the same incentives we see in the Wells Fargo example. We need top down incentive to follow the law at all levels. The current situation means that nobody profits from failure to follow the law.
As people seem to think I am wrong, here's a source

http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-tn-apple-fbi-call-2016...
Edit: Oops, typo. I meant 1:24 (https://youtu.be/gcUWTa16Jc0?t=5210).
You'd do better hiring 3 people at CA$160k (starting salary in SF for a fresh Waterloo grad) than 7 people at CA$80k. Even if the 10X developer is a myth, the 2X is very real and you're turning them away.
Looks awesome. Went through a few examples. You should do a post on HN.

Planning on exploring more when I have some free time after a few weeks.
I'd be curious to see the historical downtime of the Miami DC given that its in the direct path of a yearly hurricane season.
An illuminating post. The original author seems to be worried about being seen as a whiner, but I found it to be exceptionally lucid and informative.
http://daringfireball.net/linked/2017/02/03/14-week-quarter
In compilers the N value is commonly considered to be the number of nodes in an AST. Compiler performance is generally evaluated based on its performance over the code, which is generally bound by the number of nodes in the AST.

The identity pass is linear in the size of the AST in almost all functional compiler designs. Optimizations would then make this constant time for most functional languages with adequate optimizations. The identity pass in Co-dfns would be the single character ⊢. The Co-dfns compiler would produce code for this pass which is constant time.

Likewise, with a bit of work, this would also be true for a Nanopass compiler function, unless you insisted on traversing the AST and rebuilding it yourself, in which case the framework could not optimize this away.

The majority of compilers use algorithms that are quadratic in the size of the AST (number of nodes) for a number of passes. Many compilers use a variety of graph coloring register allocation, which is NP-complete. However, better register allocation algorithms exist that are quadratic or quadratic log in the number of nodes in the AST. The Nanopass research has demonstrated that for real life compilers, the cost of certain compiler passes generally overwhelms most of the cost of the rest of the compiler, and so adding another linear factor by splitting a pass into multiple passes, generally does not affect the big-O complexity of the entire compiler, and thus, the overall performance at scale, though it can affect the constant factors by a small amount, depending on how good your allocation engine is for your host language.

This Nanopass research has only been done on compilers implemented on the CPU. My research is exploring whole compilers on the GPU, which is an area that shows promise, since even memory bound computations such as most compiler core compiler transformations, can see significant performance speedups, even if they move from a linear to log linear complexity.

The passes are not run serially. Each pass is data parallel, and while there is a serial dependency in that each pass is dependent on the results of the previous pass, nothing in the way the compiler is written forces a hard barrier (such as a join in fork-join programming) at the compiler pass boundaries. It is conceivable that optimizations techniques for stencils such as Trapezoidal decomposition could be applied to compilers written in this fashion to allow intra-pass optimization to occur, but this is future work.

The passes themselves execute in parallel on the GPU, or at least, that is their design. They are expressed as natively data parallel, or vectorized, algorithms. If run on the CPU through the interpreter, then they will execute using the Intel Vectorized code units using the optimized primitives in the Dyalog APL interpreter.
From what starting position are you asking from; what is your current math background?
Not really. The paper deals with "conventional" CS math. Here are some good resources for ML/DL math.

https://hn.algolia.com/?query=machine%20learning%20math&sort...
Thank you ghaff, I'll try observing my successful colleagues, and record more of myself and analyze.
When I spoke about benefits on the GPU, I was speaking of the benefits of executing the compiler passes on the GPU, because with a Nanopass architecture, or really, the Micropass architecture I'm using here, each pass is simpler than the equivalent set of passes that do the same thing in a traditional compiler. This means that the passes are generally each simpler, and thus, easier to parallelize.
That's WSL+ZSH running in ConEmu (w/ Solarized Dark color theme).

I also have this theme installed on Windows 10, which is why everything is dark including the ConEmu's titlebar:
http://www.cleodesktop.com/2016/08/after-dark-cc-theme-for-w...

I spend long hours staring at the screen, I need a dark theme for eyesight preserving reasons. I had a dark theme on OSX until Apple decided to give a massive middle finger to the theming scene when they released El Capitain. The built-in dark mode just doesn't cut it. Yet another reason I'm glad im on Windows now.
hetzner is a badass predator, competitors murder.