skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: How can a rural small business get a custom PCB made?
I work for a small local ISP (staff of about 10). Most of us are network engineers, we have one full stack developer and a couple IT helpdesk folks.

We need to build a motherboard with some specific IO ports. The board is to boot Linux (KVM) with some VM's on top that run a few virtualized routers/firewalls.

We're small, in a rural place and we don't have any resources that can connect us to an EE or even a direction forward. However, making a board that caters to our need is important to us and we have a good budget to get it done.

Would the community mind sharing some advice on a layout/design service that can take our purpose need and develop a good solution prototype for us?

Thank you for any time spent responding.
Maybe Elon's tunnels could solve this?
"A person" discounts the millions of other persons individually doing it around the world - orders of magnitude more than driverless cars could possibly achieve this decade. Their combined effort, while not just running red lights, kills an estimated 1.25 million people a year.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_traffic-r...
Waugh's book The Loved One made me want to rinse my hands in holy water after reading it.
And this is why subthreads in all hierarchical discussion systems are sorted by vote-rank: the subthread that most effectively serves as the continuation of the "canonical" conversation will (almost) always appear first. The only time that doesn't happen is when that subthread doesn't exist—as has happened here. More often than not, when this is seen in a "played out" archived discussion thread, this doesn't suggest that people are "getting distracted by" the tangent, but rather just suggests that nobody is all that interested in continuing the original conversation.

(Unless the tangent leads toward a mind-killing subject like politics. I'm 100% behind you on applying careful consideration before making a tangent from a technical topic to an emotionally-charged one; people see that kind of subthread and never even make it to the rest of the subthreads in the same conversation.)
I assign a lower probability of non-scientific motivations leading to claims lacking evidentiary basis appearing in the journal Pediatrics and assign a higher probability to such motivations leading to claims appearing on the website which refutes the report.
Do you have any sort of automated product discovery? How is it working with the Amazon affiliate API? Curious to know your take on the experience.

Attractive site.
There was a project to install a small rotating ring module on the ISS, but it never came to fruition.

A capsule tethered to a second stage, or a pair of capsules is the low-cost* way to do it. The technique was demonstrated during the Gemini missions (at very low g).

*Compared to rotating space station

As to why... I suspect non-ISS life science research in orbit just has no where to get funding or support.
I can verify.

I've been testing with node.js's pg client (not even using the 'native' option) and on 1 node I get > 1,000 single inserts /sec. I'm seeing this scale linearly too. NB I'm testing on a pretty overloaded macbook with only 8gb RAM. On a decent-sized cluster with production-grade hardware and network, performance is really unlikely to be a bottleneck. Also, it'll significantly improve during this year, one imagines.
Isn't this exactly how it works? If you're a big contributor, the rep hears your concerns. If not, they're filtered through multiple layers of staffers or dropped on the floor.
You're assuming that because it missed the traffic light once it will do so every time. The real world is a dynamic environment, something odd may have happened that it just missed the light that one instance. I am not condoning Uber and I suspect they have a long way to go with their self-driving technology, but you're making bold conclusions on almost no data.
I hear they've got a clowntown mobile app (I don't use it) but react, flow, graphql, relay, and their Haskell spam filtering / ghc work all seems pretty great.
The problem is there is no apples to apples comparison. Self-driving cars currently only handle the most basic, easy conditions so they have great safety statistics. Unfortunately, there is no accident data for humans which is confined to this type of driving. In fact, humans are probably quite good at driving on flat, straight roads with clearly demarcated road lines and the such. Most human accidents will almost certainly take place in conditions in which even Elon Musk would not suggest you test your Tesla's autonomous features.

>How can they be expected to prove their safety record to you without driving hundreds of millions of miles on public roads? They're already provably safer than humans in artificial "test course" scenarios.

If they are so ingenious as to build a self-driving car, you are telling me they can't think of a way to actually do an apples to apples test? Or is it that they don't want to prove their cars are safer? Or is it that they don't want to pay to prove their cars are safer?
> Madonna talking about burning down the White House

The only thing Madonna said about burning down the White House was that the impulse was unproductive, as a lead in to discussing productive avenues to address policy concerns.

It's been misrepresented by those allied with Trump because that's the way they deal with policy disagreements: lie to characterize those who disagree with them as threats while avoiding the substance of the disagreement.
Please don't post like this here. If you have specific concerns about astroturfing and you have evidence, please email us at hn@ycombinator.com and we can investigate. Otherwise this so predictably degrades the discussion that it looks just like trolling.
I think you can see it in self censoring of kids and adults in modern day conversation.

"The F word."
"The N Word."
"Eff that."
"Effed in the A."
"They want the D."
"That scene was hot af."

Pick a better word, or demonstrate your lacking vocabulary. But the self-censorship makes one sound like a tool.

You'd get a better reaction saying, 'They want the orange dust-encrusted phallus.'
Probably because people are intelligent enough not to compare speeds inside of a vacuum. When someone denigrates a language as "java-like" they're really just comparing it anecdotally to the sum of all Java projects they've worked with. Rarely is the project a single-purpose, optimized pet-project.
That was actually quite funny.
Indian Workers in U.S. Fear Trump H-1B Visa Crackdown
"We believe that the discovery and accessibility of high quality web content is key to keeping the internet healthy by fighting against the rising tide of centralization and walled gardens" that alone is a reason to welcome this aquisition. Facebook has become for many, me included the entry point to the web much more so than the browser and I really don't like that. I can imagine Mozilla suggest content to users based in what they have saved in the past on pocket and integration with Firefox. Nice move.
This problem got solved when YouTube started allowing offline videos. Idk if it is available in your country, but in India you don't need to be a paying customer to save offline videos.
MDA buys DigitalGlobe, plans satellite imaging constellation
"if you replace that word with a better one does it change the tone of the post?"

Yes, it does.

'Amateurish' is often used as an insult to imply that someone needn't have tried at all. If you replaced it with 'novice,' I think people would have understood your meaning without taking offense.
this was pretty asinine and seems to mainly just be an advertisement for this guy's vaporware company
Because the heat came from the battery, not the CPU. If you just block ventilation, most modern computers/laptops won't break. I had a fan problem with my computer a couple weeks back, it just shut down at some point and didn't switch on again (until it was cool enough). No damage to the CPU or any other component.

But if the battery creates the heat, the sensors for CPU temp will react too late.
I guess in Safari in general
As an American, I'd also be more likely to vacation somewhere if I knew it had no rude American tourists there.

I could say the same of British, Russian, German, and Chinese tourists.

This is why, even when vacationing inside the US, I avoid the tourist traps. They're full of jackasses, regardless of individual nationality. But it should also be noted that those same countries that routinely make the list of the world's worst tourists also top the lists of the worlds best tourists. When a tourist is well behaved, you barely notice them, but when they act up, you remember it.
At least Sony is positive about this.
Trying to kill two birds with one stone here?
> Our laws could absolutely be changed such that any two people (or more, I suppose, but for simplicity we'll leave it at two) could fill out paperwork and declare themselves married.

That's pretty much what modern civil marriage already _is_, though. The marriage can't be refused unless it's illegal for some reason (one or more participants under age or already married or something). You're essentially giving a notification; the state will reject it if there's something wrong with it; if it's kosher they'll give you an acknowledgement that they accept the notification. The "license" terminology (which isn't used everywhere) is perhaps not appropriate.

> You don't need permission to buy a house. You just buy it, usually with a loan from a bank.

Funnily enough, when I bought my house I had to sign an elaborate declaration that I was not married (or civil union'd). This is because, in Ireland, the spouse automatically has rights to the family home, and it's illegal to clandestinely buy a house on your own in an attempt to avoid this. If I hadn't signed that, my purchase of the house wouldn't have been legal, but, like a civil marriage, it's basically just a declaration that all is in order.
Here's a bitterly cynical contrarian view: hope you really really really like getting bombarded with ads even more now that you don't have to pay attention to the road! Marketing opportunities abound! Or, hope you don't mind shelling out for the "ad free experience" every trip.

Here's a less bitter contrarian view:

Self-driving vehicles will be bad for American city development and reinforce existing patterns of inefficiency, waste, and self-segregation.

The reasons I expect this to happen:
* People will likely put up with longer commutes if they don't have to pay attention the whole time.
* The amount of cars on the road for a given level of congestion will probably increase due to more efficient cross-vehicle coordination and faster reaction times.
* I expect most consumers will still prefer to own rather than perpetually rent their vehicle (the average age of cars on the road right now is 11.5 years - that's quite a few years of not making payments compared to being a perpetual Uber-rider), especially given the convenience in family situations (keeping stuff in the car all the time to entertain the kids, keeping the back seats covered to protect from the dog fur and claws, etc).

So those plausible resulting conditions seem likely to lead to less centralized cities, reinforcing a future of inefficiently using a bunch of energy to move small numbers of people individually in cars vs in a denser, older-style urban rail system.
The strange link between color and the existence of life
I remember this thread! Congratulations on following through and making it happen!
It seems like a nice next step would be more options for the case, and perhaps some quick preview of how each case looks.
I assume it will update when we have solid Ryzen benchmarks? Is the main source of income through affiliate links?
> Most of the time, you shouldn’t use the Best Paradigm (TM) that exists. You should use the one that is good enough and works well in the language you are using.[3] Clever only gets you geek cred; conventions let you communicate well, both to others and to yourself six months later. That really cool pattern you learned that one time? You may never use it, and even if you do, the marginal gain probably won’t be that impressive.

Aren't these all reasons to not bother learning vim?
I'll keep saying that Mozilla should acquire Fastmail.

Now that would be a strategic acquisition.
These are different goals (that might share a component) than divesting US Govt from Christian-style marriage.
The Kobo ereaders have had Pocket integration for a while now, and it works great offline. My usual routine is to find interesting articles on Hacker News, and if they are longer than a page or two, click the Pocket button and read them at home on the ereader. A few don't render well (the article on Arrival/Story of your Life not being a time-travel story was a recent fail), but generally it works great.
Neat, can you add motherboard size (mini-ITX, microATX, ATX exc.. exc..) to the filters as well?
Average deaths in US is 1 per 100 million miles, in all vehicles, all weather, and all types of roads.

Tesla is already less-safe when looking at fatalities involving autopilot. There have been one (FL), probably two deaths (China). That was when they only had around 150 million miles driving mostly in good weather and on divided roads with clear markings.

The 1 in 100 million average in the US includes motorcycles and all types of cars, new and old. Tesla is a new luxury sedan driving on limited roads in limited scenarios.
>you're making bold conclusions on almost no data.

Then Uber should disillusion me, not lie and cover up. Was it a flash of light off a reflection, a leaf that blew across the light, an odd angle? Then Uber should tell us that. More importantly though is the question of whether Uber even knows why it failed. What if they don't even understand why the car ran the light?

EDIT:

>You're assuming that because it missed the traffic light once it will do so every time.

Where did I assume that?
It's the Rust equivalent of the CUSTOM_HASH_FUNCTION macro in the C source. The comment from there might help explain things:

// Define a custom hash function to use instead of khash's default hash
// function. This custom hash function uses a simpler bit shift and XOR which
// results in several percent faster performance compared to when khash's
// default hash function is used.
#define CUSTOM_HASH_FUNCTION(key) (khint32_t)((key) ^ (key)>>7)
maybe they are just testing their latest ai bot?
Note that in many of the other benchmarks, the fastest Java program takes 2x to 4x longer than the fastest C program. Still not bad! But knucleotide shows Java in a better light than most:

http://benchmarksgame.alioth.debian.org/u64q/java.html

(And as always, it's possible that someone can write a much faster Java program than the ones submitted so far.)
XUL was the future of old-school, heavy desktop applications. But people generally aren't interested in those anymore. At least HTML and the rest of the web stack work OK on mobile platforms.
At the time, this was the most baffling aspect to me; it would've been more understandable if Pocket were paying Mozilla for the preinstall, but Mozilla opting to corrupt their own ideals of an open web without any monetary gain was mind-boggling.

Now it makes at least some sense.
Amazing how advanced these robots are becoming. They keep moving faster and faster, too.
I imagine building such a spacecraft is a relatively large undertaking. More centrifugal force means a larger diameter spacecraft and a force that is trying to rip it apart (that's what's generating the gravity after all).

With NASA's current budget, they probably figure it's easier to just deal with microgravity for a spaceflight with a limited duration (like to Mars). Generating gravity only really makes sense for spaceflights of longer/unlimited duration (interstellar travel).
Even without the recent allegations it feels like lying about the circumstances surrounding the exit from your last company would be a fire-able offense, especially at the executive level.
go read on brasil, for example.

2 weeks ago non elected party passed the law, via executive order, which discussion caused high school kids to protest all over the country: http://g1.globo.com/educacao/noticia/temer-sanciona-a-medida...
> The same goes for home internet - the cheapest non-promotional rate in my area is $45/mo for 10mbps, but pay $20/more and you get 100mbps. Why isn't there a sub-$30/mo offering?

I know that Cox has some kind of "low speed, low price" offering, that I believe is under $30/month - but they kinda hide it on their site; I think you have to explicitly call and ask for it. See here (scroll near the bottom):

https://www.cox.com/aboutus/policies/speeds-and-data-plans.h...

Note the "Starter Package", then note the package one level up ("Essential"). If you click on the link next to the "Starter Package" for pricing, you will be taken to another page - where the lowest shown tier is for the "Essential Package". But I'm pretty sure you can get the "Starter Package" if you call first.

There's also this for low-income families:

http://connect2compete.org/cox/
Vays vs. Ver: Two Very Different Bitcoin Visions Clash at Anarchapulco
Ask HN: Back end Developers, what tools do you use to write API Documentation
Hey,
I had been using Google Docs for internal API sharing + Postman. What all tools are available for easier documentation writing (not generating).

Option to collaborate on the same will be a plus point.
What you're describing is a common-law marriage, more or less. Most jurisdictions have abolished them, because they create administrative problems (for instance, if someone dies with money and without a will, you're basically guaranteed a messy legal procedure), but a number of US states still recognise them.

Civil unions were largely implemented as an alternative to marriage, usually only for same-sex couples, either because granting same-sex marriage was too contentious, unconstitutional, or similar reasons. And they worked like marriage; they were generally contracted just like a civil marriage. Generally, when countries permit same-sex marriage, they also remove any existing civil union laws. We had them in Ireland for a few years until the constitution was changed to allow same-sex marriage, for instance; after that the law was changed to forbid any new civil unions.
I agree, this is an importabt aspect.

Our plan in PumpkinDB is to add key value association retirement, subject to defined retirement policies.
> To be fair, I frequently get mistaken for being a bot.

Clever bot...you almost had me.
My conscience is assuaged by the fact that I am already paying for Google Play Music, which would include YouTube Red at no additional cost, if I lived a few miles away on the other side of the Canada-USA border.

And anyway, despite the name, youtube-dl supports a whole lot more than just YouTube.
SHA1 is still OK for identifying files. The probability of random collision is still very low. The only problem is for forged collisions.

The object store could be modified to support file collision. One way to disambiguate collision is to use a randomly generated byte sequence as SHA1 seed or hashed before the file data. This random byte sequence would behave like a salt and disable any forged collisions. A single seed for the whole repository would be enough. It should remain secret to prevent forging a collision with the two hashes. It's harder but not impossible.

To test if a given file is in the object store, one first compute the SHA1 key to use as file name. If no collisions ever occured with an object a file with that SHA1 name will be present in the store. That file contains the usual data plus the second hash computed with the random seed. This second hash could be added as needed to keep backward compatibility and provide silent automatic upgrade.

When one need to test if the file is present in the store, one computes the normal SHA1 key and the secondary hash with the seed. We locate the object in the store uisng the first SHA and test for file equality with the randomly seeded hash.
Using a faster hash like blacke2 to compute the random seeded hash could mitigate the price to compute two hashes. It should be parameterized this time and the hash size should be variable.

If a collision is detected, that is the secondary hash differ, the file is replaced by a directory with the common SHA1 as name. The colliding files would be stored in the directory using the secondary hash as name. Or the files could be packed in a single tar like file with the secondary hash used as file identifier.

This should be enough to protect against forged collisions which is the only real problem. The required change to git would be limited. The only serious disadvantage is the need to compute the randomly seeded hash.
Exponential growth devours and corrupts
Please also note that it currently requires OpenCL 2.0 compatibility, and is optimized for AMD GPUs. I plan to add CUDA support later this year.
As a long-time software guy learning more about hardware, I find these kind of deep dives immensely useful. Much of building a physical device seems like a black box, from choosing electronic components, assembling them on a board to do something useful, writing firmware, getting it fabricated, seeing it broken down step-by-step (even if this is only one particular example), it makes everything much more accessible. Keep it coming!
Threatening to endorse a colleague for PHP was a popular way of trolling at a recent workplace. Childish, but amusing.
Well, for humans it's because you'd need a really big ring to make it actually feel right. If the ring is too small, the difference in outward force created in your head and your feet will be different enough that your blood will rush to your feet and make you pass out.

For the most part, your garden variety of plants wouldn't be affected too much by the force gradient. There actually has been quite a bit of research put into this. I'm trying to find a source for this, but a few years back the Japanese burned a bunch money on this kind of research and didn't end up with anything substantial. If you do it on a smaller scale, just for the plants, it also creates the issue of extra angular momentum added to your spacecraft. This is manageable, but definitely something to take into account.

But, you're right. If you created gravity on a scale large enough for humans, it would definitely get rid of most of the problems for the plants.
"You could not tell that there were any problems, though, from the outward behavior of both sides. When Singhal left, said sources, Google settled major outstanding grants he had and his own goodbye letter read more like a retirement missive. More to the point, it gave no hint of acrimony between himself and his longtime employer."

It is disappointing that because this guy was a superstar, Google acted like nothing happened.
I was wishing Pocket would offer AWS Polly playback for articles, so I started making my own app to do it. Now that it is going open source I might just piggy back their parser as its a good bit better than mine.

Hope they build in some Context Graph projects into Pocket, as there is some great ideas their.
Always when some interest group senses that a thread does not go their way, they use flagging (of the submission) to censor the unwanted opinions.

Flagging is totally sick on HN.
I see Pocket as the place where I put incredibly interesting things that I will never see again. I absolutely love Pocket and I have So Many interesting things in there. But I never look.

I started putting things in Google Inbox, and I found that I like the reminders to read things - but I don't look at those either. I just keep pushing them back, and eventually, during a less busy week, move them over to Pocket, where I can truly stop reading them.

One day, years from now, I'll read everything I've put into pocket over the years and finally understand the universe.
My own reason for disliking it was that it's a closed-source piece of an otherwise-FOSS browser. Hopefully this acquisition means a change for the better on that front.