skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The example input in the article is:

[1,[2,3], [4, [5,6]]]

It happens to be representable as a binary tree. Indeterminacy regarding whether or not that is accidental or intentional is due to underspecification of the interview problem. The first time I read a description of Linkedin using logs as the fundamental data structure (for what turns out to be Kafka I later learned) I had an epiphany that there is no such thing as a generic simple data structure living in the wild because data is data because it has semantics, without semantics it is just noise.

To me, it looks like the root node is |1|.
Bah! I was so dissappointed when I heard about the Apple acquisition of FoundationDB. Will any of the technology behind it ever see the light of day?
Absolutely, but knowing something smells a little off vs having a documented collision feels like the point where we we go from "No longer advised for use" to "It's broken".

Usually its when we hit "It's broken" that average Joe developer/operator/etc starts to form their migration plan, and usually they have some time before the attack becomes reasonable to execute outside of pure research / "nation state" attacks.. It seems that block of time was just a few days (a day?!) for SHA1.

And it's that, even if we're talking about an easy to abuse format like PDFs apparently are, that makes me question what just happened? Was sha1 secretly terrible? was the research just that good? or was there some other factor that allowed this to happen?

Also, sure, the major browsers have a date for SHA1 as a TLS signature hash retirement.. But SHA1 is used for a whole pile of other stuff with absolutely no transition plan! January 1st was absolutely never going to be the last day people used SHA1.
Now we know which publications we can trust to stand up to the President. Why isn't the WSJ banned?
Why even buy em in the first place? Seems more like a product tailored to people who aren't really tech savvy, which I'd be surprised to find on HN.
Interesting thing is that the degree of simplicity is an area of philosophical disagreement.

Rob Pike: "It started to go wrong when the BSD signal stuff went in (I complained at the time), then symlinks, sockets, X11 windowing, and so on, none of which were added with proper appreciation of the Unix model and its simplifications."
Dupe: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13726886
That's provably false since Wirecutter sometimes links to other sites with (AFAIK) no commission for the top product.
Combating “Fake News” with a Smartphone “Proof Mode”
You may not be aware of this, but lawful permanent resident status in the US is based on a quota system by country of origin. Immigrants from Central America can experience wait times for LPR status approaching twenty years. I haven't kept a consistently non-expired drivers license or license plate tag for more than 2 years. But if you screw up any of the procedural details of an LPR application in the US --- for instance, failing to timely notify any time your residence changes for any reason --- the penalty isn't a ticket, but rather the likely forfeiture of your application.

So no, the process is not pretty simple and straightforward for a great many applicants.
ISPs will generally not sell you a plan that advertises throughput in excess of the achievable modem sync speed, unless your achievable speed is already below their lowest tier of service. AT&T won't let you sign up for 18Mbps DSL if you live 2km from a DSLAM that doesn't even have ADSL2+ equipment. The "up to" provision is because their backhaul capacity is less than the sum of the last-mile connection speeds.
It's a pretty big exaggeration. Most people see team gear as a gym or jogging shirt. There's maybe a few people who actually care about it.
This is exactly why journalism today is mostly lacking in integrity: journos having to cozy up to and not offend officials to maintain access. Without viable, advarasial news, society is headed towards a precipice of greater corruption and authoritarianism because the press failed to hold leaders accountable for their actions.
Hey there! Thanks for your comment.

Well actually we do infer directly from the Postgres schema. Only for users not familiar with Postgres directly, we recommend going through the UI so that not only is the table created, but the Data API is also asked to track it and provide an API for it.

There is other metadata that we do need the user to specify, via the UI or the API, and that's for stuff like permissions and relationships.

Regarding, the unrestricted querying, we address it in one of the following ways:

1. Timing out queries running for longer than a specified interval.

2. Cursors and streaming data if the dataset requested is large.

3. Query templates: We allow the developer to create a RESTful API endpoint that has a limited pre-defined surface area (eg: GET data.mysite.com/v1/template/article?limit=10) which internally maps to a pre-defined query.

Our docs are still lagging behind on these unfortunately!

What do you guys do to restrict access? Any suggestions?
Trump’s Latest Econ Pick: Author of One of the Wrongest Investing Books Ever
An app to help blind people to 'see'
CR is great but there are whole categories of products they do not address at all. Also, since they have no ads, it's a relatively expensive subscription.
We're processing videos, a lot of them. Roughly 34PB worth of data every month.

Additionally we're running our search engine at top of it with couple of other services.

You can check what we're up to here https://pex.com
> They don't have zero voting power. They have greatly reduced voting power. Huge difference.

I have yet to see a news outlet describe the SNAP common stock as you have. Do you have any references?

A few of many example articles describing how their common stock will have 0 voting rights:

https://www.fool.com/investing/2017/02/08/your-snap-shares-w...

http://fortune.com/2017/02/07/snapchat-ipo-snap-stock-buy/

"Snap acknowledged in its IPO filing that it would likely be the first company to sell non-voting stock in an IPO on a U.S. stock exchange."

If all you mean is that Delaware law allows certain kinds of lawsuits by stockholders, then no, IMO, that is not the same as having voting rights. And yes I understand that it not unusual for common stock in public companies to have greatly reduced voting rights. There is still a difference between that and none.
Thank you for taking time to share this!
Do you have a source on #4 by any chance?
Well I must say that I have not been current with all cryptographic advancements. It would appear as though AES256-GCM is excellent for nearly every application. I am using S-crypt which, among other great advancements like slightly-different hashes for the same inputs, exploits the fact that non-sequential memory reads are slightly more expensive than sequential reads, http://www.tarsnap.com/scrypt/scrypt.pdf
One reason I posted this is that it gives the immigrants access to real expertise: An app designed by experts, and access to real legal advice. (Caveat: I don't know about the quality of the app or the lawyers beyond what this article says.)

I've seen good-willed people try to create their own apps, advice, etc. But without expertise, the best intentions may lead to very bad results. You wouldn't well-intentioned lawyers giving immigrants IT security advice.
Sometimes we feel the need to justify fun because it takes away from otherwise productive time we would have had.

In the past year, I've racked up more than 400 hours playing RimWorld, well over two weeks just playing that. I'm sure I could have found something more useful and interesting to do than that.
Yes, that's right, "fakehatecrimes.org" is definitely a lot more credible. You are responsible for spreading a racial hatred agenda undermining the persecution and terrorism experienced by minorities. Show some respect, 2 innocent men have been murdered by a white nationalist terrorist.
Google's Waymo sues Uber over self-driving car technology
I don't understand the problem this is trying to solve. What is wrong with just adding a fourth commit? Why mess around with altering history?
Sounds like a utility to me!
As a NN opponent, you have somewhat captured my viewpoint.

Mostly I think NN is fighting the last war. NN proponents continually assert there is no competition for wired Internet and, therefore, it must be regulated. I think looking at wired Internet defines much too narrow a market. As wireless proliferates, it will become increasingly important, and competition in wireless is alive and well. The recent reignition of wars over "unlimited" data underscores this.

I am reminded of the zeal to regulate or break up Microsoft. I was one of those zealots. Of course, then mobile changed everything, and now it doesn't matter so much that Microsoft has a monopoly on Windows PCs.

If I were Comcast I'd be scared, and legitimately so. The wireless players have access to most American consumers. Each cable operator only has access to the homes that get its wire--a small fraction of the market available to a wireless company. We're better off with vibrant cable operators who can compete with wireless however they see best. If that means zero rating or non-neutral networks, OK.

Further, I am struck by the arrogance of the belief that the government knows best how to regulate this market. Looking back I think it's absurd that I wanted government to break MS into "browser co." and "OS co." The market took care of this problem and now Windows users proactively install Chrome. I think that in a few short years, the drive to regulate the Internet will look like similar folly.

So in short I see no problem here to solve and I do not think government should get involved.
> Maybe Youtube makes a deal with T-Mobile to keep videos playing longer (before packets start dropping) in exchange for money. This money might allow T-Mobile to invest in other parts of its infrastructure.

That half of it isn't the problem, and I doubt anyone would argue against reasonable things that make it easier for a provider to increase their network capacity.

The problem is what it does to YouTube's competitors: they now suffer because YT can afford to ask T-Mobile to make their traffic more important.
I'm a former green card holder, and I've never personally felt it was a slap in the face. There are still a lot of benefits to the legal route, and knowing it took significant resources and time for an upper-class white kid from Australia gives me a bit of sympathy for the farm worker from Mexico.
To be clear I work in genetics and data analysis. I have no special expertise in treatment.

I haven't experimented with fasting yet, I'm thinking of doing some sort of test of my insulin needs before and after if i do.

I climb, ski tour, mountain bike and trail run but am not particularly structured in my routine. Happy to talk about exercising with diabetes off line though.
Hey 2Pac.
While not nearly as focused on BW as you are, it and a handful of other competitive gaming scenes I feel were pretty key during my formative years as well. I loved the attitude to improvement: break down an issue you're having into simpler pieces and figure them out to paraphrase a Spooky adage of yore[0]. Considering that's the essense of what we do in math and CS, it's hard to not see a connection. Sounds cheesy but learning how to play 3rd Strike as a young teen made me see I could help myself much more than I previously believed.

Unlike some SC2 posters in this article, being a part of long-established communities as opposed to one explosively (and unsustainably) growing one, I didn't have ambitions of grandeur and was just able to enjoy it all at my pace, too. I think my only regret is forgoing single-player games with that time. Trails in the Sky FC put on hold to ladder on Fish while the iron's hot, heh. Everytime I had thought my video game interests shelved, all it took was a friend to bring their console over where before long we're talking about best approaches to X, a trip to a Japanese arcade or for TBLS to all qualify for the largest BW offline tournament in recent history before I developed a hunger for it all again. So yeah, I don't see myself abstaining in the long, long run even if it's just to develop a little something. Best of luck with SB, didn't know you were part of the team!

[0] https://www.twitch.tv/teamsp00ky
Faster than the zip quine.
No, "works without Javascript" is way outdated advice that has nothing to do with accessibility in the modern world. The whole point of ARIA is to make dynamic, JS-driven web UIs accessible.
So, like 4chan but without images?
Most people wouldn't have such small JPGs lying around on their computer, and even less likely that they have 2 of them with the same aspect ratio. So, it's likely that they'll have to go and create them, which is quite a hassle. I know because I went to the site and then after mucking around in some of my directories, gave up.
And, of course, there are places where the county's reach exceeds the city's. For example, the city of Milwaukee is deep blue, but Milwaukee County elects Sheriff Clarke.
Unfortunately I'm the last person to ask. While I did start at FoundationDB pretty early (second employee), I ceased to be involved at the point of the acquisition, and beyond that I've only heard a few rumors from former coworkers.

As a business it was always an ambitious effort, and I'm not sure what could or should have been done differently. But since then I've used a number of other systems and thought to myself "boy, I wish I had FDB right now."
Git signs only the hash function of the commit tree..easily putting malware to any open source code can be catastrophic
You can reuse the PDF from Google because it's not particularly reliant on the contents of the images. You can replace the images that Google used with your own (indeed that's what the service does) and it will output two files that themselves have the same hash (but that hash will be different than the original provided PDFs)
"Science knows no country, because knowledge belongs to humanity, and is the torch which illuminates the world."
- Louis Pasteur
Yes; you extend with a carefully-chosen "if" to generate distinct-looking files.
Same as the other child comment. Every locale I've been to has had at least 3 choices with an occasional 4th: a cable company, a phone company, and a satellite company. The 4th is typically a very small, local ISP.

The cable company has always had the most bang for the buck. It's something like 60Mb down at about $1/Mb. The phone company is the underdog that gets you from under the thumb of the cable company at a lower speed. It's something like 25Mb down at about $1.50/Mb. Satellites are basically a last resort. I can't recall speeds, but it's abysmally slow at a high price. That's nothing new though.

The local ISP is something that I've always wanted to go with, but they never have the speeds. It's always some form of ADSL capped at around ~15Mb down and ~1.4Mb up somewhere between $1 to $1.50/Mb down.

Your two real choices are cable or phone company, and if you go with the phone company, you pay more for less while still under the stranglehold of a large carrier.
Why would you use “Ruby on Rails” for a new React project?
NB I have no first-hand knowledge, hence being deliberately vague.

But I remember reading about a statement from the Pentagon that they recouped every cent they ever invested in computer science research during Operation Desert Storm, thanks to a logistics package that had grown out of said research.

And given the scope of the US military apparatus, it does not sound ridiculous.

Now, this is like 4th-level hearsay, but I can imagine such a logistics package would be quite interesting for many a company.
The use of the word 'fuck' doesn't mean it's uncivil. I'm merely making a point as forcefully as the subject demands.
Is there a rule saying they can't? I hope they can; my attitude toward immigration is that those are the people that need help and will benefit the most. From a statue in NY harbor:

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame,

With conquering limbs astride from land to land;

Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand

A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame

Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name

MOTHER OF EXILES. From her beacon-hand

Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command

The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame.

.

"Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she

With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"
Thanks for the info. Good point, I suppose anyone relying on SHA1 in 2017 has had ample warning about its weaknesses.

It seems that there is also a very strong incentive for anyone receiving anything whose authenticity is verified by SHA1 to request an improved hashing algorithm.
Yes, it's a length extension. Both images are in both outputs. Both outputs also contain a conditional switch to choose which image to show based on the previous data, where the collision lives.

Edit to your edit: This is more of a JPEG hack than a PDF hack. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13715761
Vlad also showed off his bling to The Donald that he stole from Robert Kraft.
Is it really that hard to take a screenshot of a couple windows on your desktop and run:

$ convert screenshot.png -resize '500x500!' bar.jpg

or

$ sips -s format jpeg -Z 500x500 screenshot.png --out bar.jpg

Generating some workable source images is trivial. You're not interested in making a 'perfect hack pdf' for some nefarious purpose, just seeing if the service does what it says it does.
It's not simply "team gear".
Practical question: does this generate a "harmful" (harmful to a repo system like SVN) PDF if the flaw in the hashing is enough to crash/corrupt the system?
Your company’s job descriptions are driving women away
>> Nobody prefers a laptop with coil whine to one without. Nobody prefers a cheap-o IPS display with an uneven backlight or bleed. Nobody prefers Synaptics drivers to Microsoft Precision drivers. Those are flaws, not trade-offs.

But like anything, you have to be sensitized to these things as a negative. Clearly, you've got plenty of things you're sensitized to.

Virtually none of my non-technical friends would even think to complain about uneven backlights, bleed or coil whine, simply because they haven't been sensitized to them.

Coil whine and a little backlight bleed have never been dealbreakers for me in choosing a laptop. All other things being equal, maybe they would be dealbreakers. With the wide variety of laptop options out there, the "all other things" never tends to be equal anyways.

You can make the argument that I have low standards, and maybe that's true. But I am not you and you are not me. Let's not assume that everyone is sensitized to the same things as you or has the same tolerances as you.
How would you perform the classic "transfer money from one account to another" operation?

Would you create a single operation that reads one record, checks that it's enough, then adds the amount to another record?

Or maybe you'd first read both accounts, then issue a conditional write operation that makes sure the data hasn't changed before doing the write?
New from the Franklin Mint. Order now and we'll include the Obama Half dollar!
a  poetic rendition of Justin Bieber's cold water
FOntario, Canada (February 23, 2017) – CJ Stain, a highly talented R&B singer and exceptionally creative rapper, who is renowned for his skills and ability to tweak, record or perform a song that was previously made by another, is excited to announce today his remake of the popular hit song – Cold Water.

Suffice it to say that Cold Water is a song recorded by electronic music group – Major Lazer. The remake of this dope song by CJ Stain was inspired by Canadian artist, Justin Bieber, who was one of the stars that featured in the original song.

Notable amongst CJ Stain’s works was his remake of Sage the Gemini’s song, which was entitled ‘Good Thing.’ This latest remake won’t be an exception. It promises to be an outright success.

Being a strong believer in social compassion and gender equality, Stain was able to preach the message of hope, encouragement, empathy, and a socially conscientious approach via his lyrics in the remake of this wonderful musical piece.

All lovers of CJ Stain can listen to the song as well as share it on various social media channels via the following link – https://mtvrock.com/cj-stain-major-lazer-cold-water

Speaking excitedly, CJ said; “I am absolutely delighted about this latest development, and I believe all lovers of good music would adore this song. You will find yourself singing along with the music time and again. I know my fans and everyone out there would be pleased with it.”

It is noteworthy to mention that CJ Stain always deliver thought provoking lyrics that help individuals to discover and appreciate who they truly are. Everyone out there can expect a lot more from this gifted artist when his personal songs start hitting the airwaves.
In what way do you expect it to be a "mixed bag"? What are the positive parts? You seem to claim smaller ISPs will benefit, but we've already got a dearth of small ISPs in the US and I don't see the FCCs decisions likely leading to more of them, as other commenters have pointed out. So what, specifically, will be better? "Friendlier" to businesses is as much nonsense as words like "wellness" to people, so I'm looking for actual, real-world positive things.
If anyone loves video games, but wants to able to pace the habit somehow, thought I will mention this thing:
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B00UY0TS9A/

It's a pre-commitment device and works great for many things, including gaming. And way better than fighting with and depleting your will power, while not giving up your hobby altogether if it's taking up an undesirable portion of your time.
... and also plenty of links to their own articles!
Okay, thanks for the info. I was asking more due to the general case; if a stock class has no voting rights and never will receive dividends, it is effectively worthless unless holders of other stock classes voluntarily give away their money (they won't).

I am a little puzzled at some of the latest innovations in the US stock markets. I can understand investing in a company that a small group of insiders will always have majority control in, as long as all owners are treated equally wrt. all forms of payouts. I really don't understand why the market would assign value to a stock class with no voting rights and no plausible scenario for returning capital to stockholders.
I agree, I enjoy playing Civ, but realizing the absolutely astronomical amount of time I've sunk into it and all the things I could have done instead has really turned me off from it. Maybe it's an age thing; once you realize half your life is gone, wasting time like that seems less attractive than it once did.
> Isn't fun (a form of happiness) what we are all striving to be able to have more of?

No, we are not all striving to have more happiness (although some people surely are). So long as you don't circularly define happiness as "that feeling you get when you accomplish your goals", then most people have at least some goals besides happiness, and some of us explicitly advocate that many or most goals should not be happiness related.
کف کاذب آلومینیومی
Owners of brands. A company with a large market share and a strong brand can force its suppliers (including, for example, owners of the shops they rent), who are the ones making the investments in capital to accept tiny margins, and productivity increases mean that they can force their personnel to accept lower wages.
bold, highly optimistic projections of growth based on flimsy evidence and shoddy reasoning

There's a shorter word for those, author: they're called LIES.