skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I don't understand that ideology

The OS kernel needs to provide user space processes with access to kernel-managed resources such as files, devices, network sockets, processes, threads, etc. In order to do so, there needs to be some way of identifying these individual resources to the kernel. And then the question is, should every type of resource have a distinct type of identifier? Or should we have a single type of identifier which could refer to an instance of any one of those types of resources?

The pure "everything is a file descriptor" ideology (or its Windows NT equivalent, "everything is a handle") says we should have a single type of identifier, the file descriptor (or handle), which can represent resources of any type for which the process can invoke kernel services – processes, threads, files, network sockets, etc.

Standardised POSIX does a poor job of living up to this ideology, since APIs for managing processes (kill, waitpid, fork, etc) take and return PIDs, not file descriptors. Since a process is not a file descriptor, I can't select()/poll() on it. Using PIDs is also prone to race conditions, whereas file descriptors are less prone to this problem (although not completely immune from it.)

The process descriptor functions such as pdfork provided by FreeBSD do a much better job of living up to "everything is a file descriptor" ideology than pure standardised POSIX does.

> I don't believe everything can be abstracted as a file considering that ioctl() breaks that abstraction. For example, what is it to "read from /proc/{pid for Chrome}"?

Why must every file support read() and write()? Some device files or other special files might only support ioctl(), and maybe also select() and poll(), and I see nothing in principle is wrong with that.
Most if not all WFM stores hold tours for customers to teach how to affordably shop WFM. Ask about it.

The TL;DR is only buy fresh vegetables, single-item bulks, fruit, meats, and seafood in descending order of volume/mass. The less processing and packaging, the better as a rule of thumb. Round out very sparingly with exceptions.

This is how we should shop regardless of store. Mackey has publicly admitted he vastly regrets taking WFM to Wall Street. I get the impression if most customers shopped as described above, crushing profit margins, in the absence of shareholder pressure to change WFM's real mission and cost him strategic control, and the profits are self-sustained, he wouldn't mind.

I'd like to see more feedback from others on whether or not they noticed WFM's efforts to broaden beyond just an organic label. They did try, and to a smaller extent are still trying (meat stages are a prominent example), and are trying not to antagonize regulatory stakeholders by pointing out the mainstream organic label is deficient in many ways, but by and large it seems most of their customer base is more concerned about labels than actually delivering change.
Bitcoin core team. Ostracized him for forking BitcoinXT, impugned his reputation, etc.
> Who is this "we" at the beginning of your sentence, and who is the "them" at the end?

Read more carefully. "We" is all of mankind, and "them" is mental illnesses.

> It's being affected by an "abnormal" state of mind, as proclaimed by those who self-label themselves as not being affected. For the most part, "being mentally ill" is simply "being different". At its very core, every mental illness requires a second individual to "diagnose" the first.

No. Not all things are subject to relativism. If you believe you're indestructible and do something that gets you hurt or killed, then your cognitive functions have objectively malfunctioned. It doesn't matter if you realize it or not.

> I believe that "mental illness" is born in an individual by having been forced to cohabitate in tight quarters with millions of individuals they have no personal relationship with and who don't give a damn about them

What about, say, some European monarchs who went crazy due to generations of inbreeding?
I regularly hire and contract out work based on business cards hauled from conferences, travel, et cetera. At the end of the evening I make notes on the back. (Right after meeting someone interesting, I crease a corner.)
"unusually well-disguised"? Sorry, this is lowest level scam which not even my father would fall for. And I had to rename his Firefox icon to "Internet".
Settings -> Linked Devices -> add a new one won't give you a QR code.

The QR codes are encoded tsdevice:// links which are presented by ready-to-mate slave devices.

If you want to link a signal-cli instance to an Android, you have to encode the cli's tsdevice link into an qrcode and scan it.

If you want to link an Android to a signal-cli instance, you have to use my fork. https://github.com/Trolldemorted/Signal-Android/tree/multide...
It's normal. I've had multiple friends (all incredibly technically competent people) have their Skype accounts broken in to. I've heard the same story multiple times: no third p as try applications have access, randomized password stored in KeePass/LastPass/1password. We've all done to the conclusion that Skype's infrastructure had some sort of security hole/backdoor.
I had a similar problem. Someone hijacked my Skype account ( I think 3 years ago ).

Fortunately the support service was pretty awesome and they restored the ownership. You just need to identify yourself as close as possible to your account.
Any explanation for the downvotes?
Please refrain from eating shark, puffin or whales. The only reason why we are still killing endangered species is solely tourism. The local population does not eat them. Please try lamb soup instead. Or one of the amazing Iceland hotdogs.

OT:

Both WOW air and Icelandair promote iceland as a great "stop" on your way to eurotrip. A lot of people I met there in the rykjavik hostel were people who were just staying in iceland for 4 days to tour around quickly and then fly further to amsterdam. Apparently there is some promotion that there is no additional cost to stay in iceland a few days if you book a trip to europe through them.

If you're there on a budget, I highly suggest hitch hiking. It's one of the last european countries where you can really properly do this. Longest i waited for a hitch was 3 hours in the rain in a mountain range. But I think the mean waiting time has been 15 minutes.

There is only one main road, so you cannot really go into a wrong direction, just keep going right and you end up going all around the island back to rykjavik. I did it clock-wise, whilst most tourists did it counter-clockwise I think. The upside was that we mostly hitched rides from locals and we really got to know the country and its people this way.

It took me 20 days (with no rush) to cruise around the entire island this way. Must admit, we spent most of our time in the myvatn area, as it's just beatiful. The landscape changes every 20 metres and it's just gorgeous.
EDIT: There are some more issues! It uses github.com/guelfey/go.dbus which as far as I can tell will never really work on Windows.
i would be perfectly fine with this. just give me a way to exclude wsj from my newsfeed and search results without me having to install a trusted browser extension
If I read the blog post I learn that

- Latex is widely adopted in hard science.

- Latex is not widely used in other disciplines such as sport science.

I think this matches with what most latex users think.
It means, that the robots have to be very "custom" build ones. With the intelligent parts beeing deposited outside of the dangerous area, communicating with the muscle via e.g. fibreoptics.

The robot consists ideally of some die-hard sensors positioned as far away as possible and as close as necessary - which are retractable mechanically in case of software failure by left behind elements. Then there is the actual tooling, which is basically just a remote controlled shell. A complicated setup, to say the least.

Imagine a Anemone with some little remote camera fishes on a tentacle, controlling a robotic crab on the longest tentacle of them all.
I don't know what's up with the project page being gone, but the distro is not outdated. They are working on a version with KDE Plasma 5.

Maybe some people don't realize, how much they have contributed upstream. For the past couple of years I have worked with them as a volunteer in LibreOffice. They regularly host hackfests for Debian & LibreOffice.

There are certain parts of LibreOffice like the KDE UI backend and mail merge that they practically maintain by themselves. Recently they posted three job openings for full-time LibreOffice developers. They already have several inhouse + contractors (for LibO alone).
Most phones nowadays have a shortcut button from the lock screen to open the camera, I wish the phone companies would have one shortcut for a barcode scanner. Or in the camera app, have an extra button to turn the scanner on -- mine has "take picture" and "take video", the scanner reads the live preview until ut recognizes a barcode.
Tritium & tritiated water can be somewhat easily separated from water. Just freeze the mixture, and it forms layers. However, there probably is quite a bit of tritiated water.
Interesting. I always instruct my lawyers to reference all counterparty information only once, either in the header or preferably in the signature block, and then make everything else reference an impersonal defined term. I hate transaction-specific information being littered randomly around a document.
Interesting - I did nit know that and always assumed it was straightforward to go from North to South America.
> If you are going to use email, use Gmail, with ...

Is Gmail really the most secure email provider? I am sure it is not for non US citizens. But is it for US citizens. Don't you have better?
Intel's 8th-gen Core processors won't be revolutionary
The issue of propagation delays with bigger blocks was fixed with xthin blocks (aka: compact blocks) months ago. That is no longer a valid reason for limiting the block size.
> Cummins pointed out that some of the most successful, most mainstream organic products don’t meet his organization’s strict definition of what organic should be. Those include the ubiquitous Earthbound Farms, which grows its lettuces in monocultures, and Aurora Organic Dairy, which has been criticized for running its operation like an industrial factory farm.

What is the point of "organic" if we don't even agree on what it means? Perhaps some sort of governing agency should give it a strict legal definition.

But that's probably in nobody's business interest ...
Wind Power Surpasses Hydroelectric in a Crucial Measure
Cheating Frenchman sues Uber for tipping off wife about affair
Someone mentioned it in the page's comments, but I'm really surprised they didn't even caveat what they get for paying Apple 30% (much of this is redundant if they already sold outside of the App Store); download/update infrastructure, payment (and refunds), security (serial numbers and piracy protection), customer support and service support for those things. At least as an individual developer, that's all stuff I wouldn't want to deal with if I was shipping something.

Clearly, Apple has dropped the ball on making the App Store compelling. It's sad that a classic indie Mac app brand like Rogue Amoeba only offers one app (Fission) for sale in it.
It took me several paragraphs of wondering how they circumvented the iOS restriction until I realized that. They really should have added "Mac" to the title.
To be fair, most of the developers raving about ACID I have met have had trouble naming other valid use cases requiring full ACID besides the "transferring money from an account to other" that nearly every course and school uses. The thing is, most of the applications just don't need that kind of guarantees, if they can at least detect (when using BASE) when something went wrong.
How do you learn? I would buy Stroustrup's "The C++ Programming Language" http://www.stroustrup.com/4th.html and read it back to front, but that's not for everybody (stroustrup.com is worth looking at, regardless of how you learn)

What do you know? If you know C, for example, it is different than when all you know is prolog.

Also: what version? C++ has seen significant updates that changed C++ best practices quite a bit. I would aim for at least C++14, but if you want to work on older code or on software for a system that doesn't have a recent compiler, that isn't a good idea.

Finally: Learning C++ isn't as hard as 'the Internet' say it is; historically, it is more that you constantly have to be on your toes when writing code, especially for code that constructs, copies or takes down objects in various ways. Modern versions are better in that respect; you still can eek out every bit of performance, but if you don't try (which you shouldn't, in the first version of your program) and use modern idioms, there are far fewer pitfalls.
>don't be evil

Like censoring news articles which portraited a certain presidential candidate in a negative light for cash and goodies promised behind doors? Yeah, it diesn't get more evil than that.
In my day-job, I (help) design electronics that is subjected to (much less) radiation, and we also irradiate our devices to check for long-term effects (and this is done with a comparable doserate in a facility for this purpose).

Damage to your electronics in practice is almost exclusively caused by Photons (convention is to call this γ-Radiation when caused by radioactive decay in the nucleus, X-Rays when created in an accelerator). β-radiation (fast electrons) is easily shielded by thin layers of metal, and α (He nuclei) can't penetrate sheets of paper.

Individual photons can't really deposit much energy at a single location in your semiconductor, so they aren't able to generate enough charge to "flip bits" instantly. Flash still uses a lot of charge/bit, so it's relatively stable, DRAM is constantly refreshed and SRAM would need a jolt of high current to flip, so that does not really happen, either.

What radiation does, however, is to slowly damage the Silicon and change its crystal structure (introducing defects) which increases leakage and moves the analog threshold voltages of circuits around in a funny way. So, what we often see is flash becoming un-programmable on a more global scale (rather than individual stuck bits), and most importantly the analog aspects (voltage references, brownout-protection circuits, voltage regulators) cease to function.

This is all very variable, but we normally observe effects starting at "a few 100 Gy" when testing more complicated modules. We don't research individual components, though.

One especially nasty type or radiation are neutrons, though. When being "moderated" (slowly decelerated by successive interactions with material) they tend to have a high likelihood of merging with some other nucleus (being captured), and the energy resulting from this capture effect can be huge and concentrated on a single spot. This can be enough to flip bits, and this indeed may be an issue near the funny isotope mixture present in Fokushima at various places. Having a strong neutron emitter is very uncommon, though.

Unfortunately these damages are not specific to digital electronics, and especially optical components (parent refers to long fibre cables) tend to be rather sensitive due to their large structures, so "keeping the computers out" may not help much overall.
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I agree but engineers are people, not machines. They're bound to make mistakes under pressure.
Essentials of CompilationAn Incremental Approach
> the intelligent parts beeing [sic] deposited outside of the dangerous area

Is there a material that is transparent at optical frequencies but opaque at higher energies?
Perhaps he was looking for an entryway to "The Library of Babel" to find the "The Man of the Book".

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Library_of_Babel

My first thought that his obession was somehow conencted to Borges. Borges being the former director of the National Public Library of Argentina.

This mans story has Borgesque qualities to it in itself.
> Use a password manager and have it generate random passwords for every site you use. A good password manager is 1password.

Be aware, that on Google's Android every app in the background has access to the clipboard. And Google refuses to fix that. It is fixed in CopperheadOS afaik.
How Juventus’ logo redesign will usher in the age of football’s superbrands
Certainly, you have to have an idea to change this sort of thing. An idea that people will be willing to get behind naturally. I don't know what that idea is.

I figure somehow the mobile phone would be involved. I feel like an always connected, GPS device makes everyone more flexible.
>> when disk space was expensive and

The biggest caveat for oracle and other proprietary solutions is the /dynamic/ licensing/pricing models having an effect on architecture based on disk, cpu and other paremeters.

With OSS solutions, postgres/mariadb etc I have the flexibility of deploying as many nodes, disks, cpu, machines as I want without thinking of how will effect the price, and without worrying of a sales organization tracking my use. That's why I don't worry about clustering, partitioning, linking and many other features lacking.

If I'm going to plan for 100M to 2B monthly active users for a growing organization Oracle/Ms SQL aren't an option at all. For small scale of up to 10K users, they seem to have a use case for "legacy" organizations.
There is also the STXXL [1] for times when your data is big but not "big". It contains containers and algorithms optimized for external storage.

http://stxxl.sourceforge.net/
The difference between them is that it's nouns at the top and verbs in the bottom. But yeah, I think you're right :)
There are two reasons several of my clients have chosen Oracle over Postgres.

#1: Training. Oracle does training very well. If need new DBAs in-house (for security reasons etc), they got huge array of options available. The most effective options are also insanely expensive. Once paid 400k€ to get two new DBAs. They became very good at it.

#2: Clustering. Postgres is nowhere near what Oracle offers. Even with the newest releases. What Oracle offers is real multi-master synchronized replication with proper distributed locks, low latency, and it's maintainable and easy to setup. Postgres has still 5-10 years to do before they will reach feature parity on today's Oracle.
The USDA does define a legal definition of "organic". When they started doing this in the 90s it was very controversial in the health food community, because up until then there were various private certifications. The worry was that the USDA definition was a lowest common denominator and customers would not recognize the value in the more strict private certifications.
I've always wondered, do volcanoes wreak of sulfur? Even more so when erupting?
> designed to adhere to ICAO standards in any case. That would make countries legally obliged to accept it as a valid travel document

That can't be true. It is possible for private individuals to create documents that adhere to those specifications. In fact, some do but of course the documents are not accepted.
I am wildly jealous.
Isn't it dangerous to fly over erupting volcanos? A lot of flights were grounded last time due to concerns about ash in the engines.

And at that range, there might be a risk of fumes affecting the people?
Thanks. This is what i needed. FB on mobile browsers is usable again. They have intentionally crippled the mobile site if you want to chat, to have you install messenger, which is probably the worst app(/malware) i have seen.
So... Use Google services on a modern iDevice and don't use the fingerprint scanner and you're good?

The contrast with Snowdens recommendations is quite stark: https://theintercept.com/2015/11/12/edward-snowden-explains-...
Secret military installations in Antarctica is not unfathomable. You should read this: http://idlewords.com/2016/05/shuffleboard_at_mcmurdo.htm
Ask HN: Is there a “website maintenance as service” service?
I have a WordPress site, and I just want to have a company on-call in case there are issues or if I need some small modifications. WPCurve is an example, but they were acquired and no longer offer services. I'd rather hire a company than an individual so presumably, there is always someone available 24/7.
Deep learning and the Schrodinger equation
With the housing collapse a bunch of rich people lost a ton of money. Homeowners got bailed out through bankruptcy and the banks through bullshit. The drop in housing prices wouldn't have been bad if it didn't result in banks collapsing.

If housing values dropped again we would hopefully be safe from all that this time. People are largely living in places they can afford and banks don't have half the US GDP tied up in risky housing bonds and bad loans
Not a downvoter but the reasoning that criminal action means we should give up the promise of general computation and freedom to use devices we "own" as we choose for walled gardens that massively enrich corporate gatekeepers is repugnant. We should catch criminals, fix security problems, maximise openness of platforms and competition and distribute wealth to a multitude of small independent creators instead of middlemen rent-seekers.
I think you're both right.

IOS (and to a large extent, android) have genuinely found an OS paradigm that works for unsophisticated users and put more power and confidence in their hands. The appstore is a big part of that. The icon=app rule is another part, where removing an icon removes the app. Users have a much improved understanding of their phone's software on an iphone relative to a windows/osx PC.

That said, it also limits the more sophisticated user and puts more power into Apple/Google's hands than I'd like.

It's 10 years later now and it's time to fill in some of the holes. Allowing alternative appstores would be a good start and wouldn't affect most users who are happy with the app store as is. Removing anti-competitive curation rules and practices would be good too.
> The original goal of the POSIX standard was application source code portability. However, modern applications are no longer being written to standardized POSIX interfaces.

This is a weird claim to make. The three OS's that they're talking about (desktop Linux, iOS and Android) all have plenty of popular applications written directly at the Posix API level.

Heck, when we were architecting our mobile-network-enabler stack that had client side and server side components (all in user-space), it was a no-brainer for us to just pick the posix API as our base and we designed and wrote a lot of native level code that "just worked" on all three platforms.

Even if there's any sort of framework layer between the application and the system, the Posix semantics are so deeply embedded in the culture of programming today that frameworks can say things like "this API opens a new file for write" without having to explain what all that means. The very language we use to architect a solution has deep, unspoken assumptions built-in, and it's more or less based on what Posix semantics allow.
see: discussion for "Why are Eight Bits Enough for Deep Neural Networks?" 511 days ago

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10244398
Any online courses similar to Coursera?
Prices don't need to actually drop in dollar terms. They can drop slowly in real terms. That would be sufficient. No 2008-event necessary.
the mac is dead. i said it. downvote. i don't care. but it's dead and so is the app store.

i hear they're rewriting the entire app store backend, ditching web objects. but i'm having a hard time seeing them rebooting the bloody thing in some serious manner to adress the issues.

$200b to spend and just a few things don't get better. it's sad.