skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The problem is that we also don't know how many people might be killed by an unsafe drug. It's impossible to know in advance what could fail with a drug - hence the testing. We have no concept of the upper bound of possible deaths.
If a major drug is released without enough drug trials and widely prescribed we could lose thousands. See Voixx for an example. Almost 40,000 people died [0].
This was with a comprehensive drug trial under the FDA process. We would have many more incidents like this if not for drug trials required by regulatory agencies.

On the other hand national statistics on deaths caused by various diseases have been compiled for decades. We can know with certainty the upper bound of people killed per year (which in your example isn't 1000 but some fraction of that - no drug is 100% effective).
Also, many drugs don't prevent deaths but merely comfort the patient or remove some symptoms.
Many drugs have alternates which could be taken.
Many drugs have an upper bound of deaths prevented of 0. Why should we risk any lives for a drug which cannot save any additional lives?

In general humans prefer taking a known risk with known odds rather than an unknown risk with unknown odds.

If an informed consumer wants to make a different choice than the FDA, nobody is stopping them from traveling to a country where the drug is already available.

[0] http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5470430
The problem with this is that the average consumer is both A) dumb, and B) doesn't know what they need.

Unfortunately, a significant number of bureaucrats and statists would prefer consumers to be dumb (or at least say that they are) in order to maintain power.

Oh and let me guess, you're not one of the dumb ones....it's the other guys right? ;)
How is it independent? UL is for-profit and relies on revenue from the companies seeking certidication. That's the same, or similar, conflict that exists with the credit agencies and the finance industry.
AFAIK Swift doesn't really have references or anything to enforce unique ownership. If you've ever used a language with pointers before, including the simple pointers that Go has, then that's a good start. If you further understand how escape analysis works in Go (or the various escaping annotations in Swift), then imagine a language where every variable must never escape, and where this is enforced by the compiler.

Mostly I think that the fear of the borrow checker has become more meme than truth at this point. The difficulty with Rust is that it has things found in different languages, so no matter who you are you probably have to learn something: a strong type system and unique ownership and pointers, and if you're coming from a language like Python and Javascript you may know none of this! But that's what we're here for (that's where I came from!), and we like to help. :)
More to the point, Rust and other statically typed languages* eliminate type errors at compile-time.

In e.g. Python, the following code:

foo = Bar()
foo.baz()

will compile without complaint but, supposing that baz() is not a member of class Bar, will cause errors when the code is actually run.
In statically typed languages this will be caught by the compiler and treated as an error; type errors are simply not allowed in compiled programs.

This distinction is significant, as Python and other dynamically-typed languages require comprehensive test suites for any non-trivial software written in them, shifting the burden of ensuring type safety to the programmer.
Testing systems for statically typed languages don't need to concern themselves with type safety.
Dynamic typing also carries performance penalties at run-time (checking type safety for e.g. every member access).

* Some statically-typed languages (e.g. C++) allow for very specific subversions of type safety at run-time, but its usually clear to the programmer when they are doing something dangerous.
Why would you not opensource it? This way, your work won't go to waste, and maybe the community can continue it.
String theory doesn't, as far as I know, have significant government policy implications, so I wouldn't expect heterodoxy to be stigmatized as much as in climate science.
Pentagon told to boost manufacturing engineering education
Even more than food, Singapore is acutely conscious of its water dependency on Malaysia and goes to great lengths to limit this.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEWater

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marina_Reservoir
I didn't just mean "people who aren't agreeing with me", but specifically people who disagree but who try and use some kind of censorship or shaming to silence disagreements, instead of engaging in them. AFAIK, this is a common tactic of the mentioned group. (At the time of the edit, I had no replies but like -5. Not that it really matters.)

Disagreement is constructive at some level, and so it's a good thing in my opinion.
I am not whoever you imagine you're responding to (rkrzr, I guess)
Bullshit.

You bought the fancy one because the model with all the features was on the lot and you would rather talk down the price on that than pay sticker on an order of a bare bones model.
> The latest nutrition supports low carb diets

Our planet would like to differ though http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919211...
Yes. It always has. The "ZFS needs ECC RAM" meme comes from the fact that on many systems the (non-ecc) RAM is the weakest point in the data integrity path if you are running ZFS.

For an analogy, consider a world where car engines have a non-trivial chance to instantly explode when involved in a crash. Then someone comes out with an engine that doesn't explode. People say "you should wear seatbelts if you use this non-exploding engine," but your car has no seatbelts; clearly you are still safer with the non-exploding engine, but all of the sudden, seatbelts are more likely to save your life than before.
Thanks for the reply. Perlmutter and Siskind's paper doesn't really talk about the efficiency of higher-order derivatives either and only has a very simple run time for a gradient calculation.

I had a look at the code and I can't figure out how their abstractions would allow for efficient higher-order derivatives. Even on the front page, they list the examples

// df/dxdx
std::cout<<"df/dxdx = "<<f.d(&x).d(&x).id<<std::endl;
// df/dxdy
std::cout<<"df/dxdy = "<<f.d(&x).d(&y).id<<std::endl;

Generally, I think those abstractions make it hard to compute things like Hessian-vector products because we really need a reverse pass to generate either a program or computational tree that we can fly through with a forward pass. That involves giving an explicit instruction to run a reverse pass since we don't do it automatically since it's expensive. Also, we generally give an entire vector to the forward pass at one time since we can overlap a lot of computation. Finding second order derivatives one at a time, like `df/dxdy` for an entire Hessian tends to be slow. It looks like most of the action is in var.cpp, but I can't see how this would run fast. Do you have any idea how this scales up for derivative calculations (gradient and Hess-vec) as we get at least into the thousands of variables in terms of derivative time vs evaluation time with no AD abstractions?

Certainly, I may be misunderstanding something. That said, if the efficiency doesn't scale, it seems like the practical significance will be limited.
I'm confused by the last sentence. Are you suggesting that more minority voters went for Sanders over Clinton in the primaries? I had thought the exact opposite.
Open-source projects take a lot of time and effort to do well. They're kind of like startups in themselves, actually. And in this kind of situation, you're committing to publicly maintaining the thing that you're trying to shut down.

If there isn't enough interest at the start, it's just prolonging the pain of failure. It's better to rip the bandage off and move forward with your life.
> In China, the competition for companies is ... often focused on manufacturing partners, rather than multinationals themselves.

This article doesn't include the word "unemployment" which is the reason for this focus. Though the official unemployment rate is 4%, the real rate is believed to be at least 12, not counting the non-existent migrants who aren't legally permitted to travel due to the hokou system.

(I am always astonished when I hear that China is supposedly "beating" the US: by what possible metric could this be true?)
Show HN: Go-metrics-charts – realtime charting of live go-metrics metrics data
> If you like the idea of being exposed to more research and cutting-edge ideas over 2017...

Why not just read abstracts? It doesn't seem like his goal is more than "Let's see what people are up to."

In the context of AI / ML / DL, white papers were useful for me when I had a very specific task in mind and wanted to see the cutting edge approaches. Outside of that, I wasted untold hours I wish I had back reading white papers because they seemed important. I don't think I really got anything useful at the end of the day, in terms of advancing my projects. I also believe some deep learning papers completely exaggerate their results while being intentionally vague on how they implemented, and I wish had those hours back too trying to replicate.

I don't know, I disagree with the notion that it's inherently good to read a bunch of white papers. Better I think is work on your project, and when there are gaps go searching for papers.
And people will also choose to eat potato chips, not exercise, smoke, and drink heavily. You can't protect people from themselves, and even if it was an ethical government job to do so, i.e. take away people's freedoms because the government says it knows better, like with marijuana (I am REALLY humoring you, if you can't tell), there is no practical argument either. How much do you think your high estimate of X% who get sick by their own incompetence (which of course goes down significantly when people realize that they shouldn't blindly trust everything in our markets -- that blind, oft-misguided trust is another side effect of the FDA/USDA) will be DWARFED by the percentage of people saved by life saving drugs that make it to market faster/would otherwise be blocked. Do you know how many people the FDA has sentenced to die directly by rejecting appeals from terminally ill patients to get access to experimental drugs/procedures? Not to mention the indirect damage of delaying medicinal progress...
I have an Ubuntu image for a thumb drive that I made that does both mbr/efi boot with root on ZoL. I've used it to install ~10 computers now by booting, partitioning, attaching the internal disk to rpool and then detaching the thumbdrive and then installing the bootloader without ever rebooting to have a fully working install after that. It is pretty slick.
Most people actually doing AI research are much more conservative about their estimates and expectations of AGI. They understand very clearly how much of current AI "breakthroughs" really just barely nudge the ball forward (market speak aside). Do you use an virtual assistant -- OK Google, Alexa, Siri, etc? Has your experience with those assistants consistently improved or do they regress in annoying ways that make them seem obviously ignorant of basic facts, previously known facts, or common sense?
In previous HN threads on the topic, someone posted sources on this. So, take it as hearsay.

But someone else in this thread posted sources on the claim, so you might want to read those sources.
Got a link to your startup?
TED Series: Moments of vision explaining inventions
The Keto diet doesn't seem the most environmentally friendly choice http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919211...
> Much better to avoid a collision altogether than to try to survive it.

That's a horrid strategy from a sales perspective. Crash test ratings are one of the main benchmarks used by a large group of new car buyers (women and couples not shopping for the cheapest compact on the lot).
Super hard to prove either way. The best I could do to rationalize why I believe early ed matters is to see a 'good' classroom versus a 'bad' classroom.

Seeing good teachers who are able to instill critical thinking into kids who were learning language and math for the first time had me stunned (in a good way).
The USG is frankly incompetent when it comes to this matter. I guess it's happy news that they're not creating more chaos but yay? Hollow victory
Nah, they'd ignore that, if they even notice. You have to forcibly make them take notice. Like take over a galaxy and make all the stars in it blink in synchrony in some sort of code and establish a communication channel.
Thanks for sharing. How exactly did this bring your freelance tasks? I mean you do not have any of your contact info on that page - so how would leads be generated?

Another follow up regarding this, did you market this page? If yes, on what channels and did you get a good response?

I do like the domain that you choose and the satire.
>Why can't it simply involve adding more hardware?

Because adding linear amounts of hardware won't give you linear increases in performance. Almost no machine learning algorithms are O(n) in asymptotic complexity. Actually, I can't think of one that is.
I was talking about you. And since you've now got a whole organization and funding and other people working for you, you seem reasonably competent at it.
How is it compared to JQuery's Draggable and Droppable?
tested on ipad and reordering doesn't work because the page scrolls with you. probably more an issue with the demo than the lib itself.

apart from that I don't really like the fixed object list or callback to define which nodes can and cannot accept stuff, I find more pleasant to maintain the interact.js approach of using classess (and they do work on mobile out of the box)
And It’s a Wrap How Was 2016 for Mobile and Cloud
IDM 6.26 Build 9 Crack with Serial Number Full Version Free
These kind of context-less banding about of figures always serve the point the bander is trying to make, and rarely the truth. It leaves out the fact, for example, that regulated medicine is responsible for the rest. If we exclude approved regulated alcohol, the liver damage caused by unregulated 'medicine' is almost noise.
How Adobe Flash, once the face of the web, fell to the brink of obscurity
I agree with you. This article also mentions they're focusing on fats/saturated fats; which is also a terrible focus.

The real danger is not fat, even saturated/trans-fats, but starches and sugar. The increase in these types of carbohydrates in products like baby formula is actually leading to obesity in infants!

Excess sugar can stress arteries and damage them. Cholesterol is carried to these artier by lipids (LDLs and HDLs, which are not actually cholesterol, but proteins that carry it through your bloodstream). If you eat a lot of sugar, cholesterol can build up between the walls of arteries as they fix the damage. They can eventually break down the wall, releasing plaque into the bloodstream and potentially causing heart complications.

I highly recommend Dr. Lustig's video (UCTV) to learn more:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dBnniua6-oM

A few years back I switched to a keto normal fat/very low carb (excluding fiber) diet. I've lost weight, gained energy and have felt a lot better. Of course this isn't for everyone. Some people have a body type that lends itself to higher carb intake (I knew a runner who'd eat 30 bananas a week) and as always do your research, consult with your doctor, dietitian, etc. before drastic changes in your diet.

It's a common myth that Adkins died of his own diet. He didn't, and Reuters rededicated their column implying that he did. I honestly wonder if the obesity epidemic would have gone down today if the world didn't dismiss his ideas, or the ideas of many nutritionist for decades before him that made similar claims about the dangers of sugar.
Education can go a long way. If you check the PHP PDO docs [0], the fact that prepared statements make SQL injection possible is only the second most important fact for them. The documentation for PDO::prepare does not mention this fact at all. It just says you can use placeholders. Great.

Or just use an ORM. They have a bad reputation, but SQLAlchemy + Python is an awesome combo. But because of language features, PHP ORMs aren't quite as seamless.

[0] https://secure.php.net/manual/en/pdo.prepared-statements.php

[1] https://secure.php.net/manual/en/pdo.prepare.php
Would you also be doing code reviews/pull requests in an email client? Being completely honest, that sounds terrible.

How would rebases work? Cherry-picking? Reverts?

Email clients were build to send emails not to be VCS repos. It seems like you would be bending an existing tool to do a job that is already handled by specialized tool.
Linux-toys.com thanks HN for the support in 2016
I occasionally organize ML "orientation" sessions, and one of the first models I talk about is linear regression. For this very reason. Its an excellent bridge between what people are already familiar with and the larger "learn from data" philosophy.
Virginia legislature behind other states on streaming
See e.g. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306919211...
Ask HN: Small projects to improve web performance coding skill
Hi, I'm a leader in a small web developer team. We want to build website with a high performance in mind.
Do you have any small projects / applications recommendation that we should create so we can improve our coding skills especially on web performance?

Thanks in advance.
Thanks for the comment. I try to make my proposals in detail - include designs of the app that we're going to build. I haven't tried the prototype approach - I might try it next time. Just to be clear, you develop the prototype for the client's app, right? You would need access to the client's APIs, etc. which you might not have in a sales phase. I think using mock data is another way around this,

Follow up question, when you develop this prototype - In cases where the app is not very big, doesn't the client think that almost 50% of the work is done and hence may try getting this done in cheap?
> no social widget is responsible for figuring out your income

That is actually an intended purpose of many social widgets.
I was a full time employee, then consultant, and now I run my own company.

Working and consulting limits your money making abilities to yourself. I have the potential to make much more running my own company (and I do).

"It's just hard to keep the motivation up when there's a steady flow of interesting projects from clients which have immediate, guaranteed revenue attached to them."

There is, for now. But this will change. It always does. I don't look forward to the roller coaster ride of finding that next consulting client or dealing with ridiculously difficult ones.

This also changes as you get older and have a family (many consulting gigs require traveling to work onsite or for important meetings). Consultants are also usually cut first at any big company, if you have long-term gigs.

The other difference is the type of work you want to do. I enjoy the challenge of starting a business from scratch and wearing many hats (including many non-technical roles).

I don't think I could ever go back to consulting.
Vitamin A, typically. Or more generally fat-soluble vitamins.
The label usually warns you.
What do you mean by "premium"?
It's no Linux replacement, but Redox OS blows my mind with the functionality they have so far already.
It was under basically the same regulatory regime that Purdue Pharma marketed Oxycontin 12-hour extended release as a drug unlikely to cause abuse.

It wasn't that long ago that Phen-Phen (sp?) was legally marketed and sold.

We currently allow prescription of extraordinarily strong methamphetamine to children, who often spend their formative years under the influence.

---

We still have a long ways to go.
True, there are always people who will do that. I try to eat very low-carb and it's helped my heath dramatically, but even I occasionally will have a burger or real pasta.

The issue is education. It's very difficult to tell what is healthy and what isn't. There is a lot of research coming out that shows us sugar and starches are very bad for us. The stress from those carbs can damage our arteries and is what allows cholesterol to build.

The industry has a vested interest in people not knowing/believing in that. Sugar and HF Corn Syrup is a massive industry. Soda companies have been losing money as people finally move away and now we start to see the tides change.

Regardless, we need good education about what is and isn't health. Otherwise people struggle with weight and just get frustrated and resolve themselves to eat unhealthy because nothing seems to help reduce their weight or cravings.
It is in Rust, although I'm sure you can come up with something where the type system won't save you.
One megahertz is more than enough. That's enough power to compare like three-thousand integer values per second, which is way more than a human can do. We've got these guys out there, and they've got 3 gigahertz and more! And they're not even using them! They're playing Candy Crush for gosh sakes!

These people are wasting energy and these super-powered CPUs are a potential fire hazard and we need better regulation enforcement now!

If we restricted high-powered CPUs to people with a license and a documented need, the world would be a safer place for me.

...In all seriousness, 1hp is not serious shit. And motorcycles are significantly faster and more dangerous.
Thanks for the reply. I'll try to keep doing cold emailing, though sometimes I feel that I'm just emailing a wall who never replies. I've read tons of books and courses on how to write best emails and I do follow them - it's just that clients already have a dev team or they are not looking to outsource at that point of time - which boils down to unresponsiveness.

'How much does an app cost' websites do solve a problem - they give the customer instant quote or estimate for their app. And it does also solve the 'getting clients' problem.

Ideally, I want to do something that's a win - win for both.