skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This is a good point, but I am fairly sure there is a balance to reach here. The EU is currently politically extremely weak, with national veto powers widespread: see how Wallonia, only a part of a small country, was able to significantly delay CETA ratification, and could probably have cancelled it; how large EU economies (Germany, France, semi-formerly the UK, and probably Italy and the Netherlands) all have veto power in practice; how some countries (Poland and Hungary come to mind) pretty much ignore some rules with little being done against it.

What would it even mean, in the current state of the EU, for "a Hitler to rise to power in it"? First, he would have to be supported by a large number of member states (in which case it would be likely that even without the existence of the EU, that sort of leader would have become widespread in Europe), and then, he would be president of the European Parliament? Of the European Commission? I doubt he would be very harmful there, except possibly to the EU as an institution.

I believe the EU can (and probably should) integrate quite a bit further before the problems you raise can realistically happen. I think member states should be given lots of freedom in non-foreign-policy, non-budgetary choices (as they currently are), which leaves a lot of room for the experimentation you describe, and less power to individually veto negotiations that are much more effective when Europe acts as a block. No-one wants to have to certify their cars or get an insurance license 27 times to service 20 million people on average each time.

As a last resort against utterly stupid decisions or policies, of course, member states are always free to leave.
Two professors discussing political correctness
weird that they are using an Apple keyboard as the design base. That's a horrible keyboard. I'm still not convinced in these "dynamic" mini-screen keyboards. I almost never look at my keyboard anymore. At work, I have a WASD V2 87-Key[1] keyboard with blank keycaps (I use programmer's dvorak as my layout) and it's a delight to type in.

[1]: http://www.wasdkeyboards.com/
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They have a terrible reputation for worker safety and mental health.

As a startup, our strategic partners are incredibly important, we did a study into our supply chain to ensure it's ethical and responsible. Despite the tragedies in the past; Foxconn is the safest, they offer counseling for mental health. , They have a worker population of over a million, statistically the tragic incidents are actually a few times less common than the rest of the Chinese population and around 7 times less than the states.

I lived on their campus for around 5 months, Foxconn takes this very seriously and is doing it's best. From the little things like on average a 15% wage increase year on year for the last few years (seriously), to programs where workers can learn English and other skills.

It's frustrating they have bad PR, one thing living on campus you see is in Chinese work culture, you will nap at your desk at lunch for about an hour or so; when reports emerged they used footage and said works were worked into exhaustion.
>The lack of exploit mitigation techniques in the target Cisco software makes the life of attackers very easy

http://arstechnica.com/security/2016/08/nsa-linked-cisco-exp...
We detached this subthread from https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12832266 and marked it off-topic.
> It would really damage the whole ransomware scheme if there were fake / rogue versions that won't decrypt, wouldn't it?

Or a single fake story about how ransom doesn't give your data back, published in a high-profile newspaper.

Come to think of it, our news sources write bigger lies every day, here they could actually do some good without any risk to their own reputation.
Monad is not itself an escape hatch, but Haskell's escape hatches are mostly monads (ST, IO, etc). Monads may be a functional programming idiom, but monads in Haskell are deeply magical. So "monad = escape hatch" has some basis in reality.

It's important to distinguish between imperative code and IO. Many pure algorithms are most naturally expressed imperatively. Viewed in this way, Haskell is actually pretty bad at imperative programming.

Myers Diff is an example. See diffST2 at https://hackage.haskell.org/package/uni-util-2.3.0.1/docs/sr... for the Haskell version. Notice how simple expressions in Myers's paper, such as `V[k−1] < V[k+1]`, explode into ugly things:

vkplus <- readArray v (k+1)
vkminus <- readArray v (k-1)
(x,l0) <- if vkminus < vkplus...

Here we've paid a syntax tax for mixing the "imperative" array-read with the "pure" value comparison. Similarly, notice how the 10-line recursive `scan` is a less-readable implementation of a one-line while loop in the Myers paper.

So in practice, Haskell is rather painful to use as an imperative programming language.
newtype BusinessLogicThing = BLT Int

Then you use the semantic thing instead of the other thing (with no overhead). That can help in some situations.
We've addressed this in other comments but it was a display MOQ issue; the current design has all keys remappable.
I just looked them up. Searched ethernet in their product listing. Five pages of results all with the same image!

But actually that's nothing. Searching "cable" gives me 40 pages of results all with the same basic jug plug image.
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America Isn’t Ready for a Cyberattack
Exactly, but it will never be zero. There will always be scammers trying to get rich quick on the trust users have placed in the (more) honest scammers. All organized crime has to deal with some amount of posers trying to cash in on their reputation.

Sometimes the way they keep the dishonest guys in line is by attacking others who try to get in on the scheme. Traditionally this would be breaking people's knees, and I imagine well-organized cyber crime boils down to the same thing in the end.
It is pretty difficult to filter out ultra fine particles anyway and some of the best air purifiers can claim to do a lot. Obviously, you will be breathing that stuff every day and unless the air around you is seriously affecting your health, you don't need a high end air purifier. This is my opinion, but unless you have allergies or asthma, most top of the line air filtration systems won't have much of an impact on your day to day and I would personally suggest any $250-$500 range air purifier. This content in this article[1] does a really good job at comparing air purifiers but they suggest an ionizer which can have negative effects.

Things to look out for:
- No ionizer.
- No uv light.
- True HEPA is fine but if they've trademarked or registered their HEPA brand (HyperHEPA, HEPASilent), I would ask them more about what that means and they should provide a pretty good answer within the context.

1. http://thesweethome.com/reviews/best-air-purifier/
Why does this have any upvotes to begin with? The page has zero actual content and you need to submit your e-mail address without knowing if that will give you the actual content. Spam.
Air being drawn in results in pressure on the capsule, propelling it. Check the video out for a demo.
The guy that made HaveIBeenPwned.com (which I'd urge everybody to use) has a solid free course on Ransomware essentials at: https://www.varonis.com/learn/introduction-to-ransomware/

It's not the ideal thing for people here on HN, but it's pretty much the ideal thing to send to your non/semi-technical boss or stakeholder at your company who isn't taking ransomware seriously.
I don't even try it anymore. I've had so many times where I'd drag a file from my file manager to an app (recently Slack) and it complained about the file type or some other jibber jabber. The other day I was just sending someone a file on Slack, I didn't want slack to preview/play it, I wanted them to get the file. I got an error when I dragged it from my desktop, but when I went into Slack and browsed to it using their attachment browser it worked fine. Situations like that are when Yoink is great, when I have to find some work around to get funny.jpg to load into an app. Without Yoink I'd try it once then give up and move on. At least with it I can easily get back to the file and put it somewhere to access. At least, at a minimum, I can drag the file name into the file browser popup.

But yeah, it's goofy that this isn't a reliable use case. I feel like it is in Windows but I use it a lot less.
Couldn't a smarter home router solve a lot of this? Only allow reasonable outbound traffic to whitelist ? Or black hole a lot of the internet for untrusted devices?
Well, I know secondary cities where the price are going down. Over time, the new constructions pushed down the prices of the older ones.

In SF/NY. There is so much immigration and lack of housing that prices won't go down any time soon, but the rise would at least be slowed down by new taller buildings.
The trick is not to trust the person. Open source + audits + popularity is what truly makes the code secure.
Not defending the article, but this particular argument makes a point that needs to be heard. There are people who think they are safe from surveillance and detection because they use Tor, not realizing where the actual failure points for their internet security really reside.
Where do you get all that helium?
Considerations for Running Docker for Windows Server 2016 with Hyper-V VMs
Exactly! I do not even know whether it's a bigger fire hazard or shock hazard. In Canada, curiously enough, it's Health Canada who would enforce a recall notice and fine you into oblivion. Look up the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act for more.

I presume in the USA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._Consumer_Product_Safety_C... would get involved or the FDA.
I think it would be smarter to build an official Windows compatibility layer for other OSes and sell that. Imagine, MS Wine™.

Of course, the engineering required behind something like that may or may not be too hard even for Microsoft.
>Even Hitler was democratically elected

This is a myth. Hitler did well at the ballot booth but could never secure the majority he needed to be elected. He was appointed Chancellor.
The quality of MacOS releases have been dropping since Snow Leopard. With Sierra, they dropped the accessibility setting for disabling scroll inertia. This is serious for someone who's getting RSI.

I use Elementary OS as a secondary OS, and I have to say I'm loving it more and more while the quality of MacOS continues to drop.
Halloween Special – Creepy Finds on the Darknet
Agreed that there's overlap with the hardware improvements under Jobs and Cook.

Also agreed that Apple's services aren't groundbreaking. I mentioned them only in response to "Lots of revenue are being made from iCloud subscriptions to Apple Music." I generally don't think much of iCloud other than being frustrated with contact syncing, and don't use Apple's email and image storage at all. I find Apple Music annoying and iTunes software horribly frustrating.
On macOS, we don't need context because many shortcuts work the same everywhere. That might be a reason why our muscle memory hasn't been developed to "understand the context". Erasing all of your muscle memory and starting anew is a big deal, yes.
Thanks for the response. But is the civil war really a great example of that? Slavery seems largely orthogonal to capitalism. That's a war that could have happened in a communist or capitalist country.
Having been there, its a really interesting location, quite beautiful.
Sorry, I didn't explain myself well. I'm just talking about the main towers, for each of those there are many smaller ones. Check out http://opencellid.org/ it's amazing, actually.
Amish-style quashing would be putting it too strongly. There are a number of advancements that were discovered and not utilized, or utilized in a very limited and particular manner. http://www.thegreatcourses.com/courses/understanding-greek-a... Is a good starting place for an overview.

Slave revolt or rising lower classes were one of the greatest concerns to Roman elites. Broad social stability seems to have been of greater interest to the state then momentary technical advantage. Organization and discipline were the advantages they tended to rely on.
It is indeed quite pretty and build with UX in mind, does it have SELinux enforcing by default now?
Inside Uber's plans to take over the skies with flying cars
I've been doing this and it's really helped with pain in my back/neck, while improving my posture:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LT_dFRnmdGs
Are You an Angry Programmer? How to Be Competent and Incompetent Simultaneously
> So vulnerability in an image viewer would not give an attacker access to other apps' data.

By having separate user's per app, apps can't read each others' files by default. If one app has a vulnerability that can be used to acquire root, that app can read all files after disabling SELinux.
That's a strawman. Most of the criticisms are technological and security related. How do you keep an enormous vacuum tube with fast-moving pods inside secure against even simple attacks?
Now i'm really curious if they calculate the prices based on the files they encrypt. Do you know if it was some kind of spear phishing attack or just a regular ransomware variant? Any sources? thx!
IMO, ChromeOS shares way too much information with Google by default. (And saying that this is okay because you can turn it off is complete bullshit. It is evil for Google to set a sharing default to favor themselves over the user).

Even worse, the last time I used a Chromebook two years ago, I couldn't even create a local user account without Google's consent. On a machine I supposedly owned.

I like ChromeOS itself, but as configured, it is a user hostile operating system.
The truth about vlogging
Thanks a lot for the explanation. I think what I mostly don't get is

a) isn't "replace 1mil+ for a product that costs 100" (pulled that number from thin air, no clue what these things cost) already punitive? The replacement cost eats the profit for a HUGE number of sales already, no?

b) the arguments for the _specific_ number seem completely arbitrary and scaling in ways I cannot understand. It's not "our home was destroyed, pay to replace it and pay for another house on top, because we have to replace all the stuff inside and the experience was crazy". It's "our home was destroyed, pay us enough to buy 2 dozen of these homes with a lot of room to make every single one of these 24 homes look nice as well".

That scales in ways that are utterly alien to me. If you can somehow defend your request for 30mil, why not 50? 100? As soon as you enter 'emotional damage' (hard to quantify) or punitive damages (the more the better, right?) I fail to see how you come up with these numbers.

Then again, I'm not saying it's silly. It's just completely confusing for me and I DO feel better about the local system. It is an entirely different culture and I'm trying to point this out in a thread that so far is full of "Yeah, makes sense" posts. Internationally it might not be that one sided.
I looked recently into elementaryOS in my quest for a good looking and functional linux distro, as it has been touted for being a good looking distro. It has too many UI problems to my liking. Look at this picture from the OP: http://taoofmac.com/media/AvRn9_F_JHGrGsCSlJwydak6BTc=/blog/...
[edit: the one with caption "Zooming in on a NASA image I had handy"].

- There is a lack of contrast for the text in the left bar.

- The icons in the bottom bar are off: the colors are dull too (too low saturation is a common theme in elementaryOS).

- The size of the icons in the bottom bar is also off. They are way to big if you compare them to the main navigation (left bar). The visual hierarchy is not ok.

If you ask me: the best looking linux distro atm is manjaro kde.
I don't know that I can express it. If I had it with me and could perform a live comparison to my mechanical here I could probably say.

Next time I visit my parents (new years maybe) I'll give it a try.

From memory, which may not be accurate, I would say it felt more like playing a piano. The feel had a certain weightiness to it, and there wasn't some peak resistance/click midway through the travel.

The nice thing about my MBPr is that the keyboard doesn't even enter my mind when I'm using it. I just type. I have to make an effort to specifically pay attention to it.

And that is really how I like it. I don't type because I want to feel the keyboard. I type because I want to write something.

I think people are mistaking familiarity (or lack thereof) with the goodness or badness of a keyboard.
> Pessimism seems to be the default for the HN hivemind.

At the time of typing this the pessimism has been entirely reasonable and I'd say in the minority, with Xorlev outlining the fundamental issues with Hyperloop (capacity, costs, solving the wrong end of the problem) and KirinDave pointing out how while yes, there are more vacuous ways of spending money, when you're mucking around with other people's dough there's an expectation on return on investment, otherwise it's a charity.

I'd like to see the Hyperloop built just as I'd like all kinds of cool, complex and not necessarily practical technologies develop. But it's not unfair to point out the economic and physical realities that will get in the way of those things.
Police officers in the UK don't even carry guns!
They do just fine without them.

Only specially "firearms units" carry them.

While that's very unusual even in Europe, it goes to show that as long as not every idiot can buy a gun, things are just fine without such a deadly weapon.

That said, shooting at a range is immense fun. ;)
Welcome to the real world. It's twisted in exactly this, game-theoretical way.

In case of ransomware, criminals are exploiting the very difficulty of victims to coordinate their actions. They depend on you paying instead of solving it yourself, educating others, or even simply calling the police. In other words, they profit directly off people's short-term, selfish thinking. The advice of defaulting to not paying is sound because if enough people follow it, the whole ransom stops being viable, which makes ransomware attacks stop coming.

The same, by the way, is the tried and true way of dealing with regular, meatspace, "I kidnapped your daughter" ransom cases.
This comment should be required reading in this thread. Excellent contribution, thank you.
I don't know of any Mac specific variants off the top of my head, but there is no reason why Mac would be immune to it.

And the "good" versions of these do things like encrypt or outright delete things like time machine before encrypting the rest.
Mind-Boggling Painted Hands Illusions
It's a criticism common to most future tech, not just the hyperloop.

For example, there was lots of hang-wringing over Fusion power back in the 1970's, about how if the bureaucrats would just give it more funding then it would happen: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ab/U.S._his...

I'm not saying any of this tech is without merit, just that it's common to need buy-in from many organizations to make it happen.
Several others have mentioned some of the issues with VR (need a gaming pc, not really a dedicated VR skateboarding game, etc.) maybe you can try something like the Wii or PS3 Tony Hawk Ride game that had the dedicated board?

https://www.amazon.com/Wii-Tony-Hawk-Skateboard-Bundle-Ninte...

https://www.amazon.com/Tony-Hawk-Shred-Bundle-Playstation-Sk...
Not sure why people trust a closed source app to keep their coms private. Signal is much better.
When people talk about using high speed rail in the US and talk about how it doesn't work, I think the problem is exemplified by how any rail system seems to get implemented in the US. Basically what I have seen in virtually all cities around the US that I've traveled, the train goes close to downtown or close to the airport, but not actually into the actual terminal in the airport. Or you have a fast train that drops you in some place where you have to transfer to something else like a taxi or bus or another train. For example as I understand it, the new high speed train in California in the SF area will not realistically be any better than riding Caltrain. So since it likely will cost more than Caltrain a big base of people who could be riding it everyday to get between SF and San Jose would not be using it. And I think it stops in like a far flung spot in San Jose probably far away from many people's jobs. So it's like, well may as well just keep taking Caltrain!
> end users must be able to patch beyond the support lifetime

That's the kind of thing that gives regulation a bad name.

One of the worst ways an IoT device can get hacked is if it's reflashed with malicious firmware that then can't be reflashed back. You've got a permanent backdoor that requires trashing the device and a lot of users won't throw away a device that still works (for them) even if they know it's infected with something that causes problems (for someone else). That's real money.

A simple way to fix that is locked bootloaders that only runs signed code. Then even if the running image gets hacked, a reboot fixes it and at least the device can't be irreversibly hacked.

A regulation like the one you propose would presumably make signature-locked firmware illegal, or at best, require the checks to be disabled after a certain date (which then requires secure clocks: more stuff to go wrong). It's the sort of thing that sounds good but can cause more problems than it solves, which is the typical problem of regulation.
1) Because the pods are not designed to go that fast through the air.

2) Because in the case of an explosive recompression there might not be a tube anymore.
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The level of precision at the beginning of the steam engine was very low. One of Watt's original steam engines had a spec that the cylinder should fit the piston closely enough that a shilling coin could not be slipped between them. This is a very low standard of precision. Despite this, they sold, in small numbers.

John "Iron-Mad" Wilkinson, who had a cannon factory, had figured out how to bore smooth holes accurately. He got a Watt engine for his cannon works and re-bored the cylinder to a reasonable tolerance. Efficiency went up by a factor of 3. Then he cut a deal with Boulton and Watt to make cylinders, and steam engines started to really work. That was all it took.

The early railroad era used few machine tools. Boring and turning were about it. Parts were rough-cast or forged, with minimal finish machining. Lots of hot forging and hammering. Primitive lathes, more like wood lathes than a modern lathe with a slide rest and precision screws. Look at any pre-1900 steam locomotive and notice that all steel and iron surfaces are either round, flat, or cast. The ability to machine arbitrary surfaces only came in around 1930. It's amazing how much was accomplished with such basic tools.
I had completely forgotten they added Windows Container support when running the daemon on a Windows host! Thanks for the correction.
I was looking at that article as well. I read that as confirming how the Touch Bar will work under Windows in Boot Camp. GP is asking a different question: how will the Touch Bar work for non-Windows OSes, in particular during the boot or OS initialization process itself?
Gradual typing is awesome, though relatively hard to implement.

It doesn't have to be any harder than a language with a JIT VM. See Strongtalk and Dart.

At one point you do have to make a decision though. If you come from a static type system, the compiler rejects programs if it can't proof their type correctness. Dynamic languages that introduce statics types typically do it the other way 'round: in case of doubt, allow the program at compile time, and possibly throw a type exception at run time.

Also wrong. See Strongtalk and Dart. If you wanted to, you could make a variant of either system not compile your app without every type specified.