skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>" The natural conclusion is that in individuals with a competent immune system and diverse enough pools of healthy stem cells, it's not that big of an issue."

Thanks, I have been thinking along those lines for a few years now after looking at the age-specific incidence of a bunch of different cancers from SEER. You see that many cancers peak consistently year after year at a given age, while the height of the curve may change drastically. The same was true when I looked at some data from other countries, although I never followed up very much on that aspect.

Then if you read the paper which spawned the multi-stage model of cancer that has been widely adopted[1], you see they make some assumptions for computational reasons that are unnecessary in these days of cheap computing power:

pt ~ 1-(1-p)^t, if p<<1,
where,
p = probability a required mutation occurs during a given time interval
t = number of elapsed time intervals (ie age)

Then by the product rule of probability they derive that, if cancer is due to accumulation of errors (usually considered to be mutations), the incidence at a given age would be:

I(t) = k*p1*p2*...*pn*t^n = k*(p'*t)^n
where
I(t) = incidence at age t
n = number of required mutations
p' = geometric mean of the probabilities for mutations 1:n
k = a constant determined by the number of cells in each tissue,
the proportion of times that a detectable tumor forms from
the carcinogenic cell, and possibly the sequence in which the
mutations occur

If you use the non simplified version of their theory you would instead get:

I(t) = k*(1 -q^t)^n
where
q = 1-p'

In contrast to the model that was simplified for computational reasons, this has a turnover. By setting the second derivative to zero you can get the age at which the peak incidence should occur as a function of number of required mutations (n) and geometric mean of the probabilities each mutation occurs (q = 1-p'):

t_peak = log(1/n, base = q)

From this you will see either the multi-stage model is totally wrong, the error rate must be much higher than commonly thought, and/or the cell division rate of the error-accumulating cells must be much higher than commonly thought (the age is usually taken as a stand in for number of divisions). The last two possibilities suggest that we are constantly generating these cancerous cells and they are being cleared somehow.

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2007940/
You're missing the most important difference: Taxi market is regulated, and numbers are controlled. This keeps some degree of profits backed into the market.

The other difference is that taxi drivers have generally stable work. A guy can drive a cab consistently for years. The pay is not good, but the economics have to work out.

Cab companies and owners have enough wherewithal to make long term decisions, moreover, the 'drivers' - the ones on the end of the chain - if they are not owners - are not responsible for the fixed costs of the cars etc..

Finally, cab companies are by nature, small - and don't have hyper-leverage over drivers. Cab companies have to compete efficiently for talent among their drivers. If you can call it talent.

Uber is a hyper-capitalists dream - you take 105% of the surplus from a market.
I think it's far more useful to remember ratios rather than exact numbers.
Strange Facebook Friend Suggestions
Those sound like good ways to test it, though they have their limitations too. People looking to adopt probably have a stable situation, and immigrants are usually self-selected.
This situation actually started a pretty nasty divide at my university. Engineering and Math are in separate organizational units which gives each a degree of independence. The politics worked out that most of the operational budget of the Math department came from teaching students from other disciplines. Over the years Engineering was dissatisfied that after going through the prerequisite Math courses their students had plenty of theoretical knowledge but couldn't actually do the Math -- even those that took the applied variants. So after Engineering came into more money they hired engineers to teach "Calculus/LinAlg/DiffEq For Engineers" courses that focused on application and topics that more directly applied to their other curriculum.

It was a success overall for the Engineers but Math wasn't happy. The engineers working on advanced coursework needed higher level math courses that were only available in Math. Not only were they constantly failing which angered Engineering but the professors teaching them had to devote more time to the Engineering students which took away from the math students and angered Math.

The sort of uneasy truce that they eventually came to was Engineering students take the regular Math courses and their Physics/Engineering curriculum supplements what they're taught in Math. This annoys double major Math/Eng students because there's far too much repeated material in their curriculum but it's the best they could do.
Yes, some were microcoded. And you were able to replace that microcode with your own creations!

See for example this paper, where they took a VAX and rewrote its microcode so that it executed instructions for the Warren Abstract Machine, the output format of their Prolog compiler.

It's like you would reprogram your Core i7 to directly consume JVM bytecode.

http://hps.ece.utexas.edu/pub/gee_micro19.pdf
One of the main purposes that Tor is often touted for is for use by people in oppressive regimes that have different views on human rights than us.

This activity would very likely be illegal in those regimes.

Even in the USA there is a long history of activists engaged in activities that were illegal at the time but morally correct(when viewed in hindsight, since morals shift over time) -- would your comment 'Don't do illegal stuff period?' apply to them as well?

What would you suggest Tor be used for?
Specifically, this is because demand for these things is elastic, in econ terms.

A buddy of mine in the hotel industry says that this seems to be the case. They can't quantify the negative impact of AirBnB on their bottom line. But he's at a high end hotel, I'm sure different parts of the industry see different things.
Do people judge on looks, of course but women less so. How a profile is written can absolutely make a difference. It is your personality translated in to words.
The Billion Dollar Startup Club
Sometimes the illegal choice is the ethical one.

The main reason I posted this at all was because the article implies that properly configured TOR is safe. I personally would not trust it in the slightest against a well-funded, especially nation-state adversary.

To be perfectly honest I'm fine with the karma loss, even with a ban; it will just mean it's time to move on.
He makes a ton of suggestions on how to simplify regulations. Among other things he wants to do taxing corporations altogether because according to him they eithe avoid them or pass them on anyways.

Listen to it! You will enjoy it!
Yes! As a still-young-ish guy who's just old enough to remember when things were slightly saner, please let me encourage you to get out there and make it happen. Don't let the Javascript fatigue apologists make you feel like you're too old to have an opinion.

So Intercooler is one of the sane ones, eh? Apply to talk at a JS conference and tell us about it. If it's somewhere near me, I'll do my best to be there.

The only reason why things have gotten so out of hand is because the people without the experience and wisdom are doing all the talking.
You can vote me down if you want, but I live in a system where I cannot get a doctor. And it's illegal to pay for one. I' forced by the government, to use local clinics where they don't have my records, I don't have a relationship with the doctor, they can't make longer term prognosis, and frankly, the care is sub-par.

I once had an ailment that was difficult to diagnose, the doctors at the clinics, used to seeing people for coughs and colds could give a shit. I ended up having to pay a few grand for an American entity operating barely within the bounds of legality in Canada (the Cleveland Clinic). I can assure you that it's a pretty desperate feeling when you are locked out of the system.

Notre Dame Hospital in Montreal is lined with people in beds in the hallways, broken chairs, broken, leaking water fountains in the waiting room, broken / discarded beds in the waiting room - I thought I was in Cuba. The doctor was actually nice but the facilities were crazy. A well run McDonald's has more visible operating efficiency.

It's far from optimal.
Open with – Firefox extension
It's a very complicated question because human relationships are complicated.

I would say no, and in fact even having a preference for something like skin complexion isn't enough to make one racist. What is racist is stating the preference in terms of race and categorically denying that one would ever be attractive to a person of <race> or <skin complexion> or whatever. I think it would be pretty ugly to say that you would never date a short person, regardless of any implications for one's ideas about race, too. Like, it's different to say "i find tall people attractive" versus "i find short people unattractive".

Personal preferences aside, the way society signals which physical features are desirable and undesirable is racist. This is largely commercialized and driven by marketing departments these days but it is rooted in all sorts of institutions that govern the desirability and undesirability of certain bodies. So, as an individual, signaling one's preferences can feed into this structural power that decides who is pretty and who is not. Individual preferences are almost certainly partly influenced by messages society sends us and it's important to keep that in mind.
How can you do this to yourself? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%ADch_Qu%E1%BA%A3ng_%C4%9...
The new Ubuntu Core (entirely based on snaps) 16 beta image is out
Interesting experiment! It took me a minute to understand why you mentioned the TSP, but then I realized that you can model each column as a destination and the pixel difference between two columns as the distance. Once I got that, I can certainly appreciate that a state-of-the-art TSP solver will solve the scrambled images perfectly in no time. =)
> Oh that's nonsense.

Ok...

> First of all, because git is a CLI application you can easily build a GUI for it,

Actually you can't, because Git has features like "pre-commit hooks" and it's literally impossible to translate the output/messages of those into reasonable form for a GUI to consume (since it's just freeform CLI output text). The best you can do is simply echo them back to the user in a stupid text dialog box. You'll notice all Git GUIs either don't support pre-commit hooks at all (always commit with them set to disabled), or display the output of them using the lazy text dialog box method.

The other limitation, of course, is that since Git has no library, it's impossible for a GUI to be based on Git without it actually using Git CLI commands in the background. Which means if the Git CLI changes its commands, suddenly its broken all GUIs built off of it. (GUI clients generally "solve" this problem by shipping their own Git binary and using it exclusively, even if a newer one is on the same system.)

(It's funny that you mention WinForms. What Git does with its CLI commands is pretty much exactly equivalent to a WinForms app with business logic in the event handlers. Except where any WinForms developer would say, "why are you mixing up the UI and the program logic? That's a terrible idea!" apparently Git developers think it's great and double-down.)

It's impossible to build a truly quality GUI without the product being designed with that in mind from the start. Git wasn't. And there was simply no excuse for that in 2005.

> You can't do the reverse,

The correct way of writing an application is to put all the functionality into a library, then keeping your user interfaces separate from that library. So while you're right that you can't do the reverse (build a quality CLI from a GUI application), if the developers of Git had done their job correctly, you wouldn't have to. Git would have a core library that anybody could build any kind of user interface from.

> Second, what "physical limitations" put people into a position where they can code but they can't use a CLI?

Dyslexia. I can manage in an IDE with a large dependence on auto-complete, but I can't do a CLI.

Since I grew up on Macs and it's only relatively recently that crud like Git has been seeping into the Windows development scene, this had never been a limitation for me in the past. Worse than being user-hostile, Git makes me feel disabled in a way no other program has.

> Multimedia artists are among the people who are most resistant to ever switch tools due to how much they have mentally invested into the complexities of their go-to application. Your example is far from good.

I'm sorry my examples do not meet your exacting standards.
I am going to bet that it was more than just Yahoo. Google was definitely on it too.

Yahoo is just being forced to reveal now it due to the Verizon deal.
https://github.com/darktrojan/openwith

It's also useful for opening pages with livestreamer (www.livestreamer.io), youtube-dl (rg3.github.io/youtube-dl)
How big is the "digital nomad movement"? And how do you differentiate a digital nomad from a backpacker or a professional on a sabbatical?
Fair game sure, but unfortunately confusing. If there was another dart that was an actual programming language ( Is there ? ) you would have to qualify every time which dart programming language you meant. I imagine searching for things online would be tricky.
Yeah, it is by definition. If you are excluding somebody just because of their race (even if they are tall, handsome, or whatever else your are seeking on a partner), then it is.

It is fine, there is nothing wrong with it, as you should do whatever you want with your romantic life, but it is racist as you are excluding a group of people from your dating pool just because of their race.
"The only effective way for weight loss is making sure that one's caloric intake is less than the amount of calories they burn."

This is probably true, but a better question is whether this is even important.

One guy said "it's a lot easier for a fat person to become fit than it is for a fat person to become thin."

Generally the press (and maybe scientists, though I'm not so sure about them) seem obsessed with thinness rather than health or fitness.
I'm guessing, because the back half of the lecture has some great life lessons in it.
Mathematically you can do it with ring sigs. I have developed some related tech at mooti.co
This should be a place of constrictive conversation. Your post is not. Perhaps you want to give it another shot?
Ask HN: Self-hosted Google Books alternative?
Hey HN,

I have a lot of eBooks, and I often find the information in those eBooks superior to what you can just find on open webpages. And with the Humble Books Bundle often doing tech ebooks, I've really boosted the size of my collection lately.

Of course, the challenge is finding the information I need when I need it. I feel like I need something very similar to Google Books, where I can full-text search my eBook collection, but it needs to be able to run on my own PC, and use my own library of materials. PDF support is a must, DRM support is not.
Not true. While the various abstractions themselves may have no runtime impact, they encourage programming in ways that, while they may be good for maintainability, aren't as fast. For example, if you're using ML, you'll likely represent a list of objects (say, structures representing addresses) by establishing a type for the objects, and keeping a list of them. A C programmer might use a statically allocated array, or actually embed a pointer to the next object in the list into the struct. The C program might be less maintainable, but it would be faster because it's doing less pointer chasing. An asm programmer might optimize further.

Now, this is a fairly trivial example, and not too hard for a compiler to optimize out, IIRC, but it's just an example. Other instances of this are far harder to optimize away.

The further up you are from the hardware, the less aware you are of the perf tradeoffs, and the less you can do to fix it. So if you want the best perf, go for asm.
Having sat with both male and female friends who were swiping on Tinder, both are important. A poorly written bio does not get a pass from a pretty face and a well written bio can make up for average looks. With how much artistic discretion one has with a camera, lighting, and makeup, everyone should be able to take a good selfie. It's harder to make the case for personality in text than looks with a photo.
FWIW the groups of people that marry before 26 may not be attractive to the average HN reader as they tend to be moderately to very religious (at least that's my experience) or "conservative" e.g. a good amount of my suburban/semi-rural Texan high school acquaintances already got married (I'm 22) yet no one I know from my NYC college class is anywhere close to that.
Right, but Buddhism has some extreme acts too. In 1963 a buddhist monk burned himself alive in the name of peace.

A video here https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epfNsk5l26U WARNING: It's a bit graphic!
The biggest problem with Uber & Co to me is that drivers don't get to set their own rates. That makes it not a marketplace at all. They're so valuable because they get to run a command driving economy, but without any obligations to their workers. Not to mention that they're buying market share with subsidized prices. Basically dumping. That's a lot different than AirBnB to me.
That's weird, not working on my iPad (using safari and chrome)
Nah as bisexual guy and in my experience women are more judgemental then guys.

They after all might procreate with you.
Haha, got it, that makes sense.
Hooking up stats are rather clear: around 80% of women have sex with around 20% of men. That's why an average looking guy on PoF/CL/Tinder/OkCupid has very little chance compared to real life.

While I think this sounds very true, do you have a reference?

It completely matches the experience in the city I live in, and I'd love to be able to quote it to people.
Parliamentary procedure really isn't cumbersome; you can use as much or as little of it as you need. It's well-designed for organisations seeking to have discussion and reach decisions, even when the group may be ultimately unable to come to unanimity.

And on a team, doesn't everyone have a vote?
To Pick the Fastest Line, Follow Folks with the Most Items
Depends on the implementation. Sadly, thanks to Apple, in many cases we are still forced to use UIWebView since WkWebView is so broken for Cordova apps.
The final warning shot: Trump
Always always measure.

Better than guessing based on wrong or old information
Um, maybe the gist here is we should stop modeling AI after teenage girls? Just a thought...
Although probably not a good model for sane relational data modeling.
I originally thought that this article would be about the U.S. agents/tormenters and how it damages their mind. That torture would damage the mind of the tortured seemed too obvious.

To digress, the idea that an American citizen could be ordered to act in deplorable manner is in itself deplorable. One would think that the most powerful, idealistic, and fortunate nation on earth wouldn't have to put its citizens in this situation and instead would take every opportunity be a global moral leader.
I think they mean anonymity from the ISP/phone maker/app. Merely exchanging certificates in some trusted manner first turns your anonymity example into the privacy one.

And cert management is probably 'just' a UX/education issue at this point
Are the children adults legally able to enter a contract....?
Thx for the tip. I told the designer webby people.
Twitter should offer a paid option to get rid of all the bots and ads. That would probably attract a fair amount of people and provide a (admittedly small) but stable revenue stream.
> Suddenly you mention TFS as an example of something good.

You need to work on your reading comprehension. The only claim I made about TFS is that it has a feature (locking files) that Git doesn't.

I cited it as an example that Git has fewer features than its competitors. I never said anything about its quality.

> This has nothing to do with Git specifically. This is a difference between centralized and distributed. If you want the benefits of distributed source-control, you'll have to pay the cost.

Fine; but that's not the point.

The point is it's a feature that I want. And now that Git has seemingly taken-over the field of source control, I no longer have it. Nobody does. It's gone.

I'm not a fan of newer software having fewer features than older software.
One thing many people that are focused on online dating don't realize is that most of the other users aren't really serious about it. A lot of my female (and some male) friends had an OK Cupid for really no reason other than just to scroll around when bored or because a friend had one.
>How about don't do illegal stuff period?

Nothing I said precludes that, or recommends breaking the law.

I, of course, always act with the highest level of integrity in my day to day life; so nothing here applies to me :^), sounds like you're the same.

Generally agreed, most laws exist for good reason and should be followed.

>Overall suggesting to use TOR for illegal activities is stupid

Disagree, perhaps some illegal ones(e.g. drug buying referenced above), certainly not others. Illegal doesn't always mean evil, sometimes it's the opposite.

>TOR has a bad enough rep as it is.

True true
Gizmodo is/was part of Gawker Media (yes, _that_ Gawker Media). As their whole business model was sensationalist, click-baity articles all along, expecting serious journalism from them is more an unrealistic expectation on your part than anything else.
I'm actually working on that... My viewpoint is that sh is semantically a nice and useful language, but it has horrible syntax and bad/old implementations (I've been looking at bash, dash, mksh, and to some degree zsh).

I'm polishing up a very complete shell parser and a less complete interpreter in 10,000 lines of Python. Most of the problem is parsing -- executing is easy once you've done that. It's actually closer to the bash superset than POSIX sh, so it will be able to run many real programs.

I started with 3,000 lines of C++, but felt like I would never finish with that iteration speed. Now that I know the language inside and out, I can port it back to C++. There are 3,000 lines of tests in a custom test framework which can run against any sh implementation.

I have a few blog posts planned ... if anyone is interested in a link send me an e-mail with subject line "new shell: me@example.com" (address in profile)

I discovered a lot of interesting things about the language and its implementations, like:

- It's actually 4 languages/parsers interleaved, which I call: command, word, arithmetic, boolean (boolean is [[ which is the "compile time" version of [). Then there are some tiny sublanguages like glob and X{a,b}Y brace expansion.

- It can be parsed preetty completely up front, in one pass. Current implementations tend to defer parsing of the stuff inside ${a} $( ) and $(( )) etc. for subsequent passes. They interleave parsing and execution.

But there's only one situation where parsing really depends on execution -- indexing of assoc arrays vs arrays (${a[X] vs ${A[X]). This is in contrast to Make and Perl, which both interleave parsing and execution.

- places where the POSIX spec is stricter than implementations. All implementations accept 'echo 1 >out.txt 2 3' in addition to 'echo 1 2 3 >out.txt', but the POSIX grammar doesn't allow this.

- places where the POSIX grammar is more lenient than bash. The POSIX grammar allows functions defs with a single statement, without {}, like:

$ dash -c 'f() echo hi; f'
hi

But bash doesn't allow this.

There are a whole bunch of other things but I will save them for the forthcoming blog.