skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's central to git. 'git add' puts changes in the staging area. Then 'git commit' commits the staged changes.

The staging area is also known as the 'index' and the 'cache'.

(Git has a consistency-of-naming problem.)
> Nevermind the fact that all over the world people have been living in smaller houses on average compared to those in the U.S. for many years.

Yes, my TH will the size of an average townhouse in sq ft in Ireland.

> what I think is unfortunate in house design and construction is that houses are built for use < 100 years, aren't easily upgradable via conduits, etc.

I agree but if you're clever you can low-tech hack by inserting pipes through the wall which contain what I'm going to call 'guide wires'.

That shall allow one to insert new cables into walls in the future.

You have to appreciate also that buildings get a 'deep upgrade' every 30-50 years. If only because with today's shit tier new growth wood and shoddy craftsmanship a house deteriorates around the time people finish paying a mortgage. What an unholy alliance there exists between bankers and building/material standards...

> Aerogel's Spaceloft that could significantly decrease residential energy needs is barely spoken of.

Don't tell internaut that! Things said by internaut in the last three months include:

> we do not see things like technologies to make heart attacks impossible or cheap aerogel insulation, the kinds of leaps we made in the past that really lifted all boats.

> using a material invented by them called aerogel (thin strips!) to thermally isolate the studs to prevent thermal bridging, it'll cost me just 1300 to raise the R (insulation) value by a min of 10% - 20%

> suppose the manufacture of aerogel could be brought down by 2 orders of magnitude.

The caveat I have to mention is that getting cheap aerogel production is not enough by itself to effect large industrial level change and an order of magnitude drop in energy bills for new builds. We also need an AR system (a special pair of glasses/goggles) that highlighted the places in the dwelling that require foam, special housings around penetrations, beads of chaulk, all in order to prevent the air escaping. Good insulation is close to worthless without the correct methods to prevent air infiltration.

Myron Ferguson does a nice demonstration of what I'm talking about on Youtube.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mhv9iFE3AY4

The passive house people are getting there but that will take forever unless they can be augmented by AR. So that is a good B2B start-up idea.

> We could be building small modern castles that we could hand down, but instead we still build cheap throwaways.

Yeah. The next generations should not have to worry about building their own houses unless they really wanted to.

My problem with modern building systems is that they are biased towards modern architecture styles I dislike. My attitude is the same as most normal people. Passive house cannot succeed without allow traditional building styles to exist.
The PostgreSQL team is working on some of the weak spots. Please have a look a the new 'RUM' index, that should improve ranking:

https://www.pgcon.org/2016/schedule/attachments/436_pgcon-20...

https://github.com/postgrespro/rum
I have experience with both daily, and I mostly just don't notice any meaningful difference. Especially with the bookmark extension.
These stories should be shown to corrupt officials in India in style of Stanley Kubrick director of A Clockwork Orange.
It is actually easier to visit some countries by air today. Visa on arrival, visa-free transit or stay—these options can be available only at airports.

Passport control as immigration regulation/deterrent definitely rings true to me, and some countries see less need for it with richer travelers.
How Ladurée manages to sell low quality industrial macarons at a top price
I honestly have no problems with it. I know these are controversial issues today and taking the stance of "we shouldn't have to put up with racist rhetoric in 2016 in the developed world" is not going to be a popular one, especially when you use sarcasm to convey it.

There are assuredly people who will say "it's 2016, I should be able to have my own opinions, whatever they are, and be treated as equal to others" I disagree.
Gillmor Gang: Bait and Switch
Oh, I'm not really prepared to make a strong defense of No Derivatives if only because it seems counter to the remix spirit of Creative Commons.

>requirements to clearly label modified versions

Though, to be fair, CC labeling and attribution generally is a bit fraught with practical issues. Media like photos used in presentations etc. can easily get separated from associated metadata. To be clear, I try to be careful when I use CC content but I'm sure that I mess up from time to time because it ends up being a pretty manual process.
Ruby gem to fetch information from gocd as rich models
I imagine that they can select the most promising students, enroll them in the military, and give them, under scrutiny, access to all the information they need.
Sure, but it's the principle of the thing.
They're not coming back. Being a smartphone OEM is a massive money sink with little upside unless you're the #1 or #2 player in a market. Wearables, VR, health, etc are the next targets for Nokia.
The post I was responding too was saying literally nothing about the mongols using mass migration as a technique to weaken economies. It's irrelevant to the point I was making.

It doesn't surprise me that most of the people attacking the way I'm speaking also have a backdoor opinion about the content as well.
Ask HN: What happened to Libery Reserve's company funds?
If anyone remembers the payment processing site Liberty Reserve then you probably know that the entire service got seized in 2013.

Today I came across an old BBC article (by chance) and in the end of the article it says "...forfeit $122m of company funds."

Now I'm curious about what happened to those funds because as far as I know, none of it was returned to any of the people that had an account with a balance on the site.

Article: http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-36247289
Whereas when people say they do like Git, I lose a little faith in them as a programmer and/or engineer. Because the only ways you could like Git are either to be so lazy and incurious as to be unfamiliar with the alternatives (Mercurial, and everything else that's come along since), or to have such bad judgment that you prefer Git to them.
Polymorphism of JavaScript functions is a bit of a pain point in TypeScript, I think.

I often got some query methods, that deliver different types of objects, which share a parent class. Like GameObject, Player, Enemy.

const player = getGameObject('playerId')

Now player will be typed like the return type of getGameObject. If I now try to set an attribute, specific to `Player`, it will fail:

player.mousePosition = [1, 2]
// won't work, because GameObject doesn't have a mousePosition

Also, setting the type of player to Player, will fail too:

const player : Player = getGameObject('playerId')
// getGameObject could return an Enemy

So I have to tell TypeScript, that I know better

const player = getGameObject('playerId') as Player
// Forces TypeScript to treat the return value as Player
Android doesn't have an update problem, Android OEM's do.
I would love to read/know more if you don't mind
How do you know that they misunderstand it, as opposed to disagree with it?
Something can be unfriendly and almost impossible to relax during, while also capable of getting you places and probably not killed.
That's a great point. I was thinking of a job where height is not an advantage, but perhaps the better analogy is to a job where height is an advantage and so the policy is not sexist/racist.
Please refer to the linked discussion. Various people ask about it and various people try to explain it (including me).
Biometrics can be faked. And then what do you do? Get facial surgery?
Though tiny houses are a thing, the article is about small houses. 450 sq ft is almost 2x what you're talking about. 850 is more than 3x.
Only very limited 3 months of worth data. Everything costs nowadays when it comes to Google. And Facebook.
The USA also has a tradition of storytelling about underdogs rising to become champions. These stories resonate in part because almost all people can relate to the underdog in one way or another.

In other words, the underprivileged talent is a form of the American everyman.
Would be nice to work with this in JRuby.
This is why walking works. Dont bring your phone. It just keeps that minimum of distraction to not freak you out and that makes it easier to actually face what's on your mind, to some extent.
You're missing the fourth option, which is to continue providing benefits to everyone (including new immigrants), and raise revenue enough to cover the added expense. Spending more money didn't automatically equal bankruptcy, governments have essentially unlimited capacity to raise taxes and issue bonds.
What is the relevance to this discussion? Are you actually asserting that the facts raised there are false, or are you simply trying to get people to dismiss true statements?
Please refer to the linked discussion.
There will be some, but car ownership will collapse as soon as it becomes more expensive per mile than being driven around by the Uber/Tesla/Google fleets. And it'll be much easier politically and financially to replace your car with a fleet than to get new infrastructure installed in cities. It will happen in specific places (Portland, Helsinki, etc) but I think the adoption curve of street charging will be dwarfed by the adoption of self-driving cabs by 2025.

Self-driving cabs don't have to be allowed everywhere for that to happen, they just have to be allowed in more places than there are electric street charging infrastructure projects.
A lot of people are also walking around war zones such as in Aleppo. It doesn't make it safe, or something you'd want to do to relax.
If introverts were really "in control" I predict we'd see many fewer open plan offices!

Counter-thesis: factors in modern society such as hyper-collaborative working practices have caused people who'd once have just been a bit quiet to think a lot more about what the introvert-extrovert axis means.
Depends on what you mean by 'modern'. You may as well ask "Does any modern messaging app use XMPP?" Consumer facing open protocols are going extinct in favor of walled gardens and closed markets.
Turning off the continuous thought-churn and "stopping" the conscious mind is a large part of what meditation is for, at least to begin with. The reason they ask you to catch your thoughts and refocus them to a single point - the air travelling through your nose as you breathe, for example - is to teach you how to do exactly that. It takes time and practice but most people can do it.
For people that value cultural diversity and unusual opportunities, cities like Portland and San Francisco are much better for that in terms of diversity of culture than most of the places listed (Austin excepted). I think trading space and amenities to live in a cooler, more interesting place is totally reasonable. If you are happy with a bike/public transit, and don't mind living in 200 sqft of space, and being around a thriving local art and music scene is important to you, why not.

Remember that what you value is not what other people value. Living in Tampa or Akron might fulfill your needs, for others it might make them question their reason for existence.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12621623
Don't be evil?
> it tries to hide the index and thus encourages bad habits in git users.

I'm curious what you mean by this. What are good & bad habits wrt the index?

It makes sense the index is there for conflict resolution, and it seems really convenient for interactive adds & rebases. But I could imagine implementing those things without having an explicit staging area. Are there other more important requirements for the index? It mostly seems like a convenience that it's exposed, but not something that provides either more safety or better practice.

Many VCSs that predate git don't have an index because they don't need one, and having one wouldn't encourage better habits. Git has an index and rebasing almost entirely as a result of it's strict enforcement of lineage, which older VCSs didn't have. In Perforce you can create and manage multiple changes before you push, and you can push them in any order. Because git enforces order, it basically needs rebase and an index to make using git sane. In that sense, these things can be seen as a UI disadvantage over other VCSs. Of course we know there are much bigger advantages that come with strict lineage, so we learn to stage, rebase, etc.

What other benefits does the index provide that I'm missing?
To at least some extent, because bad university press offices exist. The newspaper articles are terrible, but so are the source press releases. That and the urge to churnalism.
Reddit isn't the same thing. Reddit is a place for people to find interesting content and interesting discussions. If those discussions and links are being created by 500 people or 1 frantic person the end product is the same.

Having people waste time bidding on fake projects that have no chance of happening is not the same end product as a realistic site where projects are posted by real people and have a chance of happening.

Also I'll tell you from experience: Even if your product is 100% real people who lose their bids are going to think it is a fraud. If you site actually is a fraud you are just going to burn through all the early adopters extremely quickly. The strategy should be the opposite --- have the content be so good that early adopters feel like they've hit a goldmine.
While I'm charmed by the concept of a totally custom tiny house, built to fit my lifestyle, I also find the "movement" a bit amusing. It's as though Americans haven't been living in trailers/campers for generations. This is just the glamorous version of it.
I have used ElasticSearch also on a number of projects and it is an extremely simple to install, configure, use and manage. Most of the functions are trivially available over simple REST HTTP calls.

Unless you need basic search and you desperately want to keep everything in the same database I would split it out. Architecturally it makes more sense to split it out just to allow for different scaling needs.
I see that the word "racism" has ceased to have meaning.

"I wish there was less passport control and easier migration."

"RACIST!"
It seems like setting up and syncing an entire separate database for search wouldn't exactly be "trivial"...
I'm looking for new places to go. My experience with South America has been that some of the best places are the ones that don't readily appear as tourist destinations for North Americans like myself.
That does make a lot of sense. This reminded me of battle of adrianople, where the roman army was gathered for negotiation purposes and the emperor was not read to attack. But some Roman units began the battle without orders to do so, believing they would have an easy victory, and perhaps over-eager to exact revenge on the Goths after two years of unchecked devastation throughout the Balkans, however this resulted in the utter defeat of the roman army and was probably start of the process which led to the fall of the entire Western Roman Empire
Except this time around we'll keep it simple, no time zones and expressed as YYYY solofyear.decimalofsol.

0010 372.5000 represents midsol of the 373rd sol of the 11th year since humans landed on Mars.
It doesn't matter if it's 1 person out of 50 or 5000.

Even if this has nothing to do directly with the "cure" this is one of the few documented cases of this happening.

Understanding what happened can lead to a cure even if it was a combination of genetics the process or even something completely different that that person happened to do or take.

Once you understand what was different about that patient you can build a model and test it.

This is the most important part of drug trials and this is how it works you test various doses, combinations and treatment regiments and you figure out what works.

1 out of 50 is a pretty huge deal and it might be an amazing and very lucky break.
In fact Russ Cox (the author of vx32) has ported the Plan 9 kernel to vx32, so you can run a whole Plan 9 instance under Linux or what have you.
You deserve precisely nothing because of what your ancestors did. Everyone deserves the same human rights on the basis of being born human.
Serious Question. Do people not entertain at their homes anymore? If I want to have three couples over for dinner, I don't see I could cook for and accommodate them comfortably in these tiny homes. My in laws from Europe typically come to stay with us for three months every year. I often have out of town friends drop in for a few nights. What about having the family over for Thanksgiving? Also, if the answer is just to go to restaurants/bars for all social events, that would seem to be more expensive in the long run. Just curious.
In this thread, lots of people wanting to demonstrate their deep knowledge of an arcane tool, thus proving the whole point.
When a white person laments about how much "we've given up" since 1910 it is a racist action. Sorry the truth hurts. It's similar to those that look back on the 50s as a golden age in America. Sure, it's golden if you're a white male.

We haven't given up shit since 1910, progress has been unimaginable and it's actually EASIER to travel internationally now than it was then. So yeah, if you're going to pretend like 1910 was better for this shit in some way, it's only going to be for a very select group of people.
Your iPhone Is Secretly Tracking Everywhere You Go, Here's How to Turn It Off
Someone makes a project trying to make something easier to learn (so, trying to make the world a better place), and you call it "extremely pointless", you tell them they "don't understand Git", they're "brain-damaged", "erroneous", they should "take the time to understand their tools", because the tools are "not complicated" and "incredibly simple".

Besides your arrogant "I'm right, you're stupid and wrong, and there's no questioning me" attitude, why would you take such a hostile tone towards anyone's work, ever? How could you think that's okay or constructive?

I'm hugely sympathetic to the opinion that Git is needlessly difficult to learn and needless easy to make mistakes in due to huge flaws in the CLI. I'd present that case, but, hey, it's presented a hundred times here and everywhere else. It's clear there's no point arguing that point to you, though, because I'd be stupid and wrong just for disagreeing with you. So instead I'm trying to convey that your arrogance is unacceptable in the community in the hopes that it will not reappear.
Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7/IEEE Std 1003.1 (2016 Edition)
I'm not so sure. Driving (okay, maybe not big-city start-stop driving) is somewhat relaxing because there's a kind of flow state involved with your mind focussed on the road ahead. Once the self-driving cars come along, we'll all be working on the commute.
The Shapiro article in Tannenbaum's link is good too. He's a bright guy that did the EROS project for anyone that doesn't know. Here it is in archive.org:

https://web.archive.org/web/20050514121653/http://www.eros-o...

https://web.archive.org/web/20050211090602/http://www.eros-o...

Two other good articles are why the EAL4 evaluations that Windows et al were getting are worthless and what a secure, build system might look like.

https://web.archive.org/web/20040214043848/http://eros.cs.jh...

https://www.usenix.org/legacy/publications/library/proceedin...
Good points. My goal is to provoke the readers and their friends to start asking questions and not to provide conclusive evidence or solutions to these problems.
> At a certain point, one cannot predict the housing requirements of the future and it would be more economical, and humane, to just start from a pile of dirt once again.

That's true. But if the next generation did not have to build their own houses it would give them a 'dividend' passed down by the previous generation and that wealth would ultimately give them more economic freedom and fewer opportunity costs.

Then with those advantages, any problems will be easier to face, such as starting from the pile of dirt again.

Otherwise each generation is constantly facing the same struggles with paying the rent.

Also consider, and I think this was implicit in what the OP was saying, that closed loop systems might make many existing problems relating to maintenance obsolete. So the next iteration of building might take place in two or four generations from now instead of for each one.

Sadly truly effective maintenance free filter technology appears to be holding closed loop systems development back. I know Kamen was trying to build a Slingshot mechanism but so far as I know this has not bourne any fruit. This is the kind of unsexy, hard stuff that Silicon Valley need to be pulling together.
GNU Make doesn't take exponential time, it takes ~linear time. The Y value on the graphs is exponential, because the input is growing exponentially.

The graph is just rubbing in that a noop Tup build is O(1) instead of Make's O(n) by showing crazy large n. Which is certainly great on Tup's part![1]

The Tup author's description of Tup's algorithm in comparison has always rubbed me the wrong way, though. It isn't some entirely new generation of build system like they present in the Tup paper. It's just caching stat(2) between iterations[2]. The build naturally flows down like in the Make diagram on the main Tup page; but with Tup we cache the status of each node, and become informed when one of them becomes invalid; then the upward flowing arrows of the Tup diagram is the cache-invalidation of the lower nodes flowing up to the higher nodes. This is the totally natural way of implementing caching if we were to add that to GNU Make.

So why don't GNU Make and other systems cache the DAG of stat(2) calls? As the saying says, cache invalidation is hard. Tup gets away with caching by receiving an a priori list of filesystem changes, so it knows which nodes to invalidate; other build systems have to scan the filesystem for changes. Tup gets this list of changes by having a FUSE filesystem sit between the user and the actual filesystem, logging all changes. While this is great for many users, it isn't quite general. It will break if we edit anything "offline", perhaps on a thumb drive on another computer. It will break in a number of different NFS setups. I don't mean to say that the caching doesn't have value, but it isn't the silver bullet that the Tup author makes it out to be.

[1]: In the Tup paper, the author gives some fancy O(...) expressions. These are... odd; they're kind of hand-wavey, as they are based on expected fan-out of directories, and don't really give a good apples-to-apples comparison. They certainly are valuable to analyze, but are pretty misleading if you aren't critical.

[2]: OK, that's not strictly true. The "Beta build system" (the next generation of build systems that Tup is supposedly part of) algorithm also has the feature that it will automatically remove a generated file that was part of the DAG, but isn't anymore. This is a nifty feature that is made possible by the caching; but IMO it doesn't constitute a core change.