skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yes.

The Bank of International Settlements ("the central bank of central banks"): Why does financial sector growth crowd out real economic growth? (2015) [0]

"In this paper we examine the negative relationship between the rate of growth of the financial sector and the rate of growth of total factor productivity."

IMF: Rethinking Financial Deepening: Stability and Growth in Emerging Markets (2015) [1]

"The analysis uncovers evidence of 'too much finance' in recent years—that is, beyond a certain level of financial
development the benefits to growth begin to decline and costs in terms of economic and financial volatility begin to rise."

On the optimal size of the financial sector, a speech by Benoît Cœuré, Member of the Executive Board of the European Central Bank (2014) [2]:

"While finance per se is necessary for growth, an oversized financial industry can be detrimental to real economic activity."

[0]: https://www.bis.org/publ/work490.htm

[1]: http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/sdn/2015/sdn1508.pdf

[2]: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/key/date/2014/html/sp140902....
POKE 47196, 201
That's completely comprehensible to me, and I sport all of an incomplete undergraduate-level understanding of economics. And it's not citing its sources because its authors think that makes it "well-written"--it's citing its sources because it's an academic work and citing one's sources is important for future research.

I have seen a lot of middlebrow dismissals around here. (Made a few myself). It is rare to see a lowbrow one.
"Ironically, those who think ISPs are greedy pigs or evil villains because they charge based on consumption through caps or usage-based pricing"

That's not the only reason people think ISPs are greedy pigs and evil villains. Their customer satisfaction rankings speak volumes about what people think of the major telcos and cable companies. When they have an effective monopoly, charge vastly more than what companies in a dozen other developed nations charge while providing the same or worse services (often much more and much worse), and treat customers as if they owe the company their business, it shouldn't be surprising that people are deeply unsympathetic to their desire to provide even worse service at even higher prices.

They're regulated because it is a market with very little competition at the last mile. And they're regulated because it is an industry that has shown itself to be horrible at self-regulation or moderating the abuse they inflict on consumers (from its very earliest days). I'm all for market solutions, but I'm all out of sympathy for telcos and cable companies when it comes to their crocodile tears.
We need a new religion as much as we need a new mob. But if you are following the money yeah I'm sure there is a lot of innovations to be done there as well.
20 years and going. Happy Birthday[1]!

[1] http://squeak.org/
I know exactly how you feel. I fell into the same trap with heroin, and now, as you point out, it controls everything. But, again, it wasn't a bit-flip from normal to junkie, it was a slow process, then one day I realised that yes, the bit had flipped, and there was nothing I could have (easily) done about it, except to have led an entirely different life and been a different person. And that's the problem. After twenty years of heroin addiction, it defines you, in a way that makes it hard to give up. Rationally, of course, you know you should; but the habits become so ingrained that it can be hard to see how to change. The only time I managed to quit for longer than a few weeks was when I had a naloxone implant surgically inserted that made it physically impossible for opiates to work. Six months later, when it stopped working, I was back on the drugs, just to see if it was OK to try it, and within a week - blam! - addicted again... I know this sounds depressing, but I do feel there is scope to get out. But, if you are introverted like me, then heroin will have increased and strengthened that bubble around you, making a barrier between you and anyone else. It's hard to form close friendships at work when you have to lie all the time about a huge part of your life, your drug habit, and the isolation feeds back into more heroin use when you're alone, as a vicious cycle. So, quitting on its own is never going to work. You must (and this is what I am trying to do) replace the drug with something else, a hobby, some form of socialising, and work hard to make that a part of you, a part of your life, instead of the drug. And that also means cutting off your junkie friends, starting fresh, which when you're in your forties or fifties is no easy task - by now we've made most of the friends we'll ever have, and starting again is difficult. So, sorry I don't have any good or easy answers for you; but I wish you good luck going forward, and I definitely share the pain, and know how hard it will be. Take care!
I wouldn't say FPGA synthesizers are slow. They take a long time, but that's not the same thing.
Well, finding a reliable seller in Europe seems to be hard.
> PUC Lua is faster than Python but slower than recent versions of Ruby

Ruby faster than PUC Lua? That doesn't sound right. You're talking about Ruby MRI?
The US is full of people who refer to "this country" online. :D
when you overthrow a democratically elected government that would have been stable but for your participation... then yes; you are responsible for what happens even if you didn't directly make the decisions during that time.
You can take a best practices approach: are we spending more, but getting no more, or even less than other industrial economies? The same could be applied to any part of the economy that does not directly produce goods: criminal justice, health care, military.

I fear that a measure of GDP that takes overspending on non productive activities into account would leave the US looking much worse.
I am a huge believer of <10s Dev loop. I quit my previous team because compile times were greater than 2mins and I wasn't in a position to influence making it shorter.

In my new team I got it from 30s to 5s and the effects have been amazing. I have to thank VScode and Gulp to make this possible. With typescript vscode does fast parsing of your code on every keystroke and gives squigglys instantly. On every save, gulp does its magic and vscode runs the problem matcher and shows more squiggly on my editor.

The browser knows when a file has changed and refreshes immediately. Vscode has a chrome-debug plugin so my breakpoints hit immediately in the IDE.

It's been an amazing experience so far. We've also revved up our CI systems to run 1000's of tests in parallel.

You actually enjoy work when you don't spend forever waiting for things to compile.
This is dangerous advice.

There's been times where I've had hawkers and hasslers continually pester me, where I would ignore them or politely decline while walking away, yet they would begin touching me or continually follow me, leading to attempted pickpocketing, robbery, and sexual assault.

Some will touch you on the shoulder, others will maintain some distance and continually get closer to you only to make a swipe at your pocket then try to run away with your cell phone or wallet (happened to me twice).

One trinket-selling "monk" followed me into a building and grabbed me, but I managed to get back outside.

Another person followed me into three different public bathrooms, which I kept having to exit after he continually followed me and went to the urinal next to me so he could look over at my penis. Eventually he stopped only after I walked by a security guard and yelled about what he was doing.

It is 100% OK to yell at any hustler whom you are walking away from but is still following you. Not doing so was always how the aforementioned scenarios began.

They know your vulnerability is your politeness, your "ambassador" mentality. Don't remain vulnerable when they cross the line and keep following you.
I'm glad to hear about your concern about "the risks of ideas being suppressed on an Internet that is increasingly controlled by a small handful of providers". I share the same concerns. But I think we differ on the best way to improve this problem.

Your approach is to try to avoid taking down any content proxied behind a single consolidated service, which is controlled by a single organization and is managed under ASNs and IP addresses assigned to you and under your control.

The approach I prefer is to try to improve the problem by decentralizing control of autonomous systems - putting more ASNs, IP blocks and SSL terminators into the hands of independent operators, which makes it harder for governments to single out organizations for things like, for example, mass scale wiretapping via FISA court orders. ASNs are also previously where legal precedent generally accepted that autonomous service providers exist for purposes of handling legal issues, and are the spot where one's strong control over their "Terms of Service" generally begins (though the IP transit provider will usually set a few anti-network-abuse policies (https://he.net/tos.html), including DDoS related ones, realizing that protecting speech has to be balanced with maintaining the health of the internet).

The point I want to make is that the problem with adding "DDoS-for-hire" sites to your list of protected speech is that it directly harms the latter approach of improving decentralization and diversity of ownership in a way that no other service that has existed has ever done before. By making it so that those independent groups require an enormous amount of routing equipment and bandwidth in order to run their own services without risk of DDoS attacks, or being forced to hide their autonomous systems behind another autonomous system (like yours), I strongly believe that not only is your organization directly contributing to the consolidation problem on the net, but that your organization, by enabling these attackers, may even be the leading cause of it.

I have no problem with your anti-censorship policy. I don't think anyone in here does. I would even defend your right to proxy a terrorist web site. But even IP transit providers make exceptions related to DDoS for the health of the internet itself. If it comes down to a choice between protecting DDoS-for-hire sites and protecting the internet itself, which one is the right choice?
Comparing the World's Fighter Jets
We detached this subthread from https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12576182 and marked it off-topic. Please don't do this again.
Correct. Many nonlinear systems cannot be modeled beyond describing their qualitative phenomena. The "butterfly effect" prevents precise estimations. You wouldn't expect the weatherman to tell you whether it'll rain this day next year.
> Note that I'm not endorsing any side or candidate in my argument here (I take issue with both of them.) What I don't understand is how people can contribute to this situation and still think we live in a free country

We're free to speak as we choose, however, the flip side is that we must also accept that there are sometimes consequences for doing so.

Being a racist or a misogynist is a thing we are. A job is just a thing we do. Finding a new job is far, far easier than changing the fundamental building blocks of our selves.

If Luckey loses his job, it will be because society has said "we don't like what you said and here's the consequence of that." If not, well, lucky him.
Finance doesn't have its own economy.

The question of how much do we have to pay to get various financial services should in theory be solved by competition. The problem is that some financial institutions are behaving like a cartel and the government is undermining competition by stepping in to save failing financial institutions.

The problem isn't that Finance is "bad" any more than energy companies are "bad" or retailers are "bad". There are people accumulating wealth in a whole bunch of industries, why is the service Google or Facebook provides more valuable than what Bank of America provides?
Codemasters tried to build a walled garden around Game Genie codes so they could sell you updated codebooks. The codes were hashed so they had little relation to the memory location they referred to.

What you really wanted was an Action Replay.
I think SO should ponder the old saying:

There are no stupid questions, only stupid answers.
You can get this experience in most interpreted languages fairly easily (if an interactive debugger like pry or a JS console isn't good enough), and compiled languages with sufficiently good tooling for dynamic code replacement under a debugger.

For dynamic languages, use the `watch` command combined with a host script that loads the code you're developing dynamically and executes it with some interesting parameters, and dumps the output. As you edit the source, you can see the effects immediately, character by character.

You can get the same effect in something like Java in an IDE if you can structure the interesting code like a game loop (ideally it is a game loop): it's being continuously evaluated, so every change has an immediate effect. You can see Notch use this technique in this video here:

https://youtu.be/rhN35bGvM8c?t=5757

As he edits code in the IDE, the application responds dynamically.
That is a great question -- but there are also other aspects to the problem -- human talent is one. Finance can extract rents from society, and it can also lure away promising PhDs, academics and many of the brightest with superior salaries (financed via rents extracted.) I'm not passing judgement on the workers here -- I was one, trapped in the system for 10+yrs with golden handcuffs and nothing to show my family on what I actually created.
MOZ would disagree with you

https://moz.com/community/q/hyphens-in-domain-name

edit: here's a better article actually on it - https://moz.com/blog/how-to-choose-a-domain-name-whiteboard-...
I think some people on SO should ponder the adage:

There are no stupid questions, only stupid answers.
At least he's not claiming his FB was hacked or some other manure that usually gets trotted out.
Content is king, don't worry about design or scalability. Just look at HN <grin>
FTA '“Nobody says don’t watch television or use your computer after 9 p.m. because of blue lights,” he said.'

Yeah about that. Seems we have a ways to go still wrt nocturnal blue light usage and health advocacy.
Well, it was when I tried to do it and I haven't gone back to check if it changed. Busy, remember?

So probably mistaken, but hardly FUD (fear, uncertainty and doubt).
Writing django and JavaScript apps with a hot reloader has spoiled me. The dev loop for other cases now feels almost painful.
From TFA:

In their article, “Too Much Finance?” Jean-Louis Arcand, Enrico Berkes, and Ugo Panizza (2011) argue that expectation of bailouts may lead a financial sector to expand in size beyond the social optimum. They use a variety of empirical approaches to show that “too much” finance starts to have a negative effect on output growth when credit to the private sector reaches 110 percent of GDP. Stephen G. Cecchetti, M.S. Mohanty, and Fabrizio Zampolli (2011, 1) likewise argues that, “beyond a certain level, debt is a drag on growth.” The authors estimate the threshold for government and household debt to be around 85 percent of GDP and around 90 percent for corporate debt. Likewise, as we were writing this article, the OECD and the IMF both issued reports warning of a financial overgrowth (OECD 2015; Sahay et al. 2015).
It means you can write to any master, so your application need not be aware of "master" or anything. That's master/master anything, really. It just makes replication strategy transparent to applications and is far simpler to reason about. It's also far harder to implement on the server side, which is why most software you see that handles master/master (especially cross-DC master/master) comes with severe caveats, probably this included. Distributed systems are extremely difficult and come with lots of corner cases.

There's no reason you can't hang slaves off such a setup for various purposes either, I would assume, though I haven't used BDR and I'm not sure if that's supported in this software. The best replication strategy I've played with in general is a master/read slave setup in each facility with master/master between each facility. A lot of stuff is built that way, but most people never worry about datacenter failover so it's not the sort of thing you find on StackOverflow.

If I give you the knowledge that your Gmail inbox "lives" in one datacenter, imagine how you'd architect a backup for when that facility fails. That's where stuff like master/master starts to come in handy, because then you start thinking about things like "why would we build a backup facility and never use it? The user's latency to the backup is lower today."
A number of things onventef ny monocultures contradict your theory.
> "I'd rather stick with the tried and tested "earn a living" model of human civilization."

You can try, and depending on how close you are to retirement perhaps you'll succeed, but I'd argue future generations may not have this choice. Automation/AI is on course to touch every corner of human activity, it's not a question about if it's going to happen but rather how soon and who benefits. The idea behind UBI and other similar ideas is to let this upcoming change in our society be a force of good for all, rather than one that widens the gap between the rich and the poor.

As to the personal assistant robots/AI, other replies have addressed the main points, but I would say to think more in terms of PC accessories if you're struggling to get your head around it. For example, what does a fitness coach need to do? Set out training and diet plans, monitor form and performance and motivate. An AI solution can so all of these things, and in terms of hardware all you need is a TV, a webcam (or something more advanced like a Kinect) and a heart rate monitor. In some ways the automated fitness coach/personal trainer is already possible, it's just a matter of refinement.
Re-read my post. Laws are needed, government is needed, taxation and coercion are not needed.
Personal helicopters will be here soon
This is one of my favorite fallacies to kindly point out to friends and family. My brother was talking about not judging others personal choices. The way he phrased just made me laugh and reply that he was judging people who judge strangers.
What if the aliens we are seeking are AI?
Obviously sympathy for residential ISPs is in short supply, but I do not envy their situation when it comes to pricing models. The pricing model which most closely matches their cost structure, peak hour usage billing, would get them eviscerated regardless of how fairly it was priced. We know this because it happened to cell carriers who tried peak hour billing. People don't want to have to think about peak hours at all, even though they are critically important to the ISP's bottom line.

So we get these wonky billing schemes that the ISP can't really defend because they're not about to come out and say that their customers aren't rational enough to handle a more sensible scheme.

To be fair, I'm sure the fact that it kneecaps Netflix doesn't hurt their enthusiasm for usage caps, and residential ISPs are overpriced in general, but there is an element of customer behavior which pushes ISPs in this direction.
EcoloBlue: 400,000 Liter/Day Atmospheric Water Generator Station
Even blind children?
Here is a rationale for multi-master from James Hamilton's "On Designing and Deploying Internet-Scale Services".

Designing for automation, however, involves significant service-model constraints. For example, some of the large services today depend upon database systems with asynchronous replication to a secondary, back-up server. Failing over to the secondary after the primary isn't able to service requests loses some customer data due to replicating asynchronously. However, not failing over to the secondary leads to service downtime for those users whose data is stored on the failed database server. Automating the decision to fail over is hard in this case since its dependent upon human judgment and accurately estimating the amount of data loss compared to the likely length of the down time. A system designed for automation pays the latency and throughput cost of synchronous replication. And, having done that, failover becomes a simple decision: if the primary is down, route requests to the secondary. This approach is much more amenable to automation and is considerably less error prone.
>The question of how much do we have to pay to get various financial services should in theory be solve by competition. The problem is that some financial institutions are behaving like a cartel and the government is undermining competition by stepping in to save failing financial institutions.

This is the endgame of all capitalist markets. There isn't any other end game, no matter how much people would like there to be one to satisfy their personal ideologies.
Well wait no. If it is the case that anyone can buy off-the-shelf software for self-driving cars for a price of $20,000, then a person could just buy a rig, fit it out, develop a relationship with a set of farmers or whatever, and be in business.

How would one of the conglomerates stop that besides competing on price or erecting regulatory barriers?
You didn't even read my plan.
The Limits of Machine Learning
I also work in Zürich. I hate this. They are interducing survailance and searches without court orders. The security of my device should be valued at least as highly as the security of my apperment.

Quite honstly, in my apparment their is nothing of interest to be found. However, my hole live is on my phone, my computer and my servers.

I would infact argue that these should have stronger protection. How anybody who supports democracy and the rule of law can agree with things like that, is quite frankly beyond me.
You may be thinking of this discussion, "KrebsOnSecurity is now up and hosted on Google Cloud":

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12574428
Much better than the Bay Area, they are throwing up high density construction about as fast as they can build it (there are about a hundred sky cranes over the city right now), both glass skyscrapers in the downtown core and mid-rise buildings (4-6 stories) in the immediately adjacent desirable neighborhoods like Capitol Hill. Minimal restrictions on new construction.

Importantly, zoning is intentionally mixed, so a significant fraction of the population doesn't drive for much of anything unless they choose to move way into the suburbs and it is a very neighborhood-y city. When a building goes in, the lower floor is often restaurants/bars/retail/etc to allow everything to be local. This is important because Seattle's highways are at max capacity and they can't be expanded anymore due to geological limitations (surrounded by water, no unused land remaining). The only way to continue the insane pace of population growth is to build up in a way that minimizes the amount of driving required, so that is how they have been dealing with it.
This is my problem too, why did SO decide to split the site into so many silos?

I have 10+ memberships at Stack Exchange network most of them math/programming related and it seems so silly.

Sure, keep the multiple brands if that is what your investors want but make it searchable and taggable across sites.

Often I will see a question posted on main SO that would have been perfect by the Stack Exchange rules on some other stack exchange site.

Instead it just gets closed and whoever asked must feel quite dispirited of asking again.