skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
You make a good point, so I'll answer in parts.

First, when most people talk about static typing, they're talking about the near-useless version -- just types like Int and String. I think we agree there, so I won't mention it further.

Second, a dynamically typed language like Python has more typing information than some folks first assume. Python's AttributeError is quite similar to a TypeError. In fact, with old-style classes (v2.1 and earlier), many errors that are now TypeErrors were AttributeErrors. Calling len() on an inappropriate object would raise "AttributeError: no __len__". In many cases where folks talk about wanting a static type system, they really just want interfaces.

The Sanitized string example is a good counter-point because the interface needs to be near-identical to a regular string. I'm not certain a more complex memory representation (caused by defining a different class) would cause noticeable inefficiency. We're probably not doing vectorized operations on strings.

This brings me to my third point, that Python 3 has a similar split between two types: bytes and str. The memory representation is slightly different, bytes vs unicode, but the interfaces are nearly identical. Two differences would be decode vs encode and that getting an element from bytes (annoyingly) gives an int. The distinction between the two types is enforced mostly inside builtin functions, implemented in C. This was a big deal, causing backwards incompatibility, many flamewars, and we're still resolving it, though I think it's clear to most people now that Python 3 is the future.

Is it possible that the Python 2/3 split could have been avoided if we had a static type system? Perhaps, if we had multiple dispatch, the function signatures could have remained the same, avoiding backwards incompatibility... I'm just speculating here. My guess is no, getting rigorous about unicode would cause incompatibility regardless of the type system. I'll get back to the main topic now.

> Now your type checker can catch SQL insertion vulnerabilities for you.

This sounds useful, but a good interface solves the problem just as well. I'm a Pythonista (if you haven't noticed), so my example is PEP 249 that specifies a DB API for all database wrapper implementers to follow. It states that it's the wrapper dev's responsibility to implement a sanitizing string interpolation for the cursor's execute method.

My conclusion is that designing a good interface is important whether you have dynamic or static typing. Static typing errs on the side of safety, dynamic typing errs on the side of flexibility. Both can mimic the other. Arguing that one is better is like saying linear regression is better/worse than k-nearest-neighbors.
I'm Alberto Pepe, the Guy Challenging Elsevier. I'm Co-Founder of Authorea. AMA
Well, you have to prove that you have no way to know what is being transited on your website and that you do everything under your control to not facilitate illegal behaviours.

Otherwise, it's like saying I own a big warehouse where I allow criminals to meet and exchange illegal items, but pretend I play no part of it.

I agree there are some gray zones on this for torrent activities, but when you have indexes with top movies of the week with filenames and metadata pretty clear about the content, how can you defend that?
Oh no, who would of thought a primetime cable TV program isn't real?
Settlements are there to reduce the workload of an underfunded legal system that is incapable of coming to terms with the byzantine amount of federal and state regulation.

I wish the judge would prevent a settlement here and have the case tried. And put some evil bankers behind bars. And put the DoJ into its place in coming up with these outrageous amounts instead of a list of names of folks who did bad stuff! And their bosses as well for failing to control their thundering herds.
Sort of related: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guillaume_Le_Gentil
Behind Bars: Surviving Prison, by Jeffrey Ian Ross, comes pretty close, though it focuses more on adjusting to the institutional rules and social norms of prison culture.
(I did buy this as novelty, not because I was expecting to go to prison :)
http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/behind-bars-phd-jef-ross-jef...
Hasn't the already been "invented"?

I remember seeing something in a magazine a decade or so back about a Japanese person who did something very similar.
I haven't watched it yet, but most defcon social engineering talks take advantage of this innate thing in human nature that just assumes you're authentic. Probably because it's infinitesimally rare that someone is trying to run a con. Can be quite sobering, but at the same time, it's nice to know most people try to help others (even at the haste of security).
Oh cool, sounds similar to what Ember is doing with it's glimmer engine. Are you guys compiling it down to dom api, like htmlbars did? or something similar to a VM style runtime like in Ember's Glimmer 2, where templates are compiled down to a series of opcodes? Or something entirely different from those approaches?
Thanks for the F key toggling tip!
I have a simple rebuttal to that. It doesn't scale.

This is actually sign of poor management. You should not reward people for working 60+ hours. If you want to reward anyone, you should find the ones that can get the same work done in about 30 hours. Hard to believe, but they do exist.

What you will find, is that the people that need 60 hours at one level, are likely to think they need 80 hours at the next. Or more. This clearly is not going to be available.

Worse, you don't think so, but the odds are high that as you get older, you will get a family and possibly children. When that happens, the ability to get 60 hours is now in jeopardy. Heck, many weeks, that 40 is tough.

Note carefully, I do not believe you should punish people for working extra hours. But incentives should not be such that they are required or encouraged. Unless you like seeing ruined lives. And businesses.
I say meh to all of this. You're better off taking that extra time and spending it on side projects and side businesses that will give you independence from your current company.

When you take taxes into consideration, the promotions don't really add up to that much. You're just adding to your yearly income, which tends to get taxed quite heavily anyway. You need to find a way to take your effort and put it into something that doesn't get taxed as much as regular income does.

I would be more interested in building passive sources of income that don't rely so much on my being present to bring in the money.

I also generally don't like the idea of someone else telling me what my contributions are worth. By putting in all those extra hours, you're basically pinning all of your hopes on someone else's judgment. If they like you, then maybe you'll get that extra money.

But what if they don't? What if they're just some sociopath who couldn't give a rip about your career goals? In my experience, that's been the case more often that not.

It would take one hell of a leader to convince me it's worth putting in all those extra hours. I would basically need assurance from the very beginning that I would be getting a bigger cut of the pie.
I suspect this logic can also apply to tor exit nodes, which is more troublesome.
Okay but they filmed a follow up pretending he received funding
Everybody who watches this show knows the Sharks can pull out of the deal later on. I enjoy the show, even though I realize a lot of it has to be staged. However, I don't like how they force the people to make a decision within minutes, but the Sharks can research the product some later and pull out if they want to.
Are we going to allow doctors and hospitals to turn away anyone who can't pay the advertised rates? Like we allow every other business to do? And will we require Medicare and Medicaid to pay those advertised rates, without the discounts they currently get? Jose are the things that force cross-subsidization.
(1985) Autodesk Roadshow Deck via John Walker
Sure it's doable. Getting everyone together often can get pretty expensive though (flights, hotels, less stuff gets done), flying the noob over to shadow an experienced person 1-on-1 is probably a better way to go.

The point is there are cases where face to face is preferable.
On troubleshooting networks: traceroute
basically corporate hush money. "we didn't do anything wrong, but here's a few billion just to keep your mouth shut"
And I'd like to keep it that way when the one I have wears out.
What Albania can teach us about trust
> Nubrella is currently out of cash, Kaufman said, and potential new investors won’t bite, assuming the “sharks” and Sharper Image backed out of those deals because of some hidden defect in its product or business plan.

Be careful who you deal with, and force them to act sooner rather than later. When dealing with the Sharks I don't know if you really can force them to act and cut a check, they can just say they will and run re-runs, potentially screwing your future investment opportunities.
7.30/5.30 works, but if you think at the lunch pause and the inevitable things to do a few hours a week, you are into the 40h limits more or less... This is why I say 40h is likely the limit. Then if it's 38 or 43... is a small percentage, but 50 is already out of order and 60 crazy IMHO.
The Cybercore of Hyperion is much more clever than the machines of The Matrix. Also, like the Cylons, they have some really weird religion. The true purpose of the Tree of Pain just seemed really strange to me.
Which is arguably the point: the patent term should cover the likely amount of time that commercial exploitation is most advantaged by a government granted temporary monopoly. Obsolescence is pretty clearly a point where commercial exploitation is (severely) disadvantaged. The goal for patents was that for that temporary leg up (and today's 20 years starts to feel a lot less temporary) the company had to make all the information and science and schematics public domain. It's not a bad idea that if software/software algorithms are patentable the actual code should fall under that public domain disclosure. The balancing act that remains is the question of how much code is "schematics" and how much of it is "final product" and how much protection products deserve versus schematics...
just a javascript
I would love if my Macbook had a serial port. I use it all the time. I would never demand Apple add a serial port though.
It's almost as if... different people have different experiences at different companies... as if, dare I say it, not all people and companies are the same?
Cenk Uygur of 'The Young Turks' shares his journey to 5B views
VW engaged in some heavy fraud and EU regulations don't allow for class-action style lawsuits like they do in the US. If anything, EU consumers should be angry their governments are kowtowing to Germany over this.
Looking through the history, it doesn't look like this article has had significant discussion even once. Why is this a dupe?
Putting aside the personal bias that very much agrees with you, if you look at a bank as a machine, then the "top 10 executives" are very expensive, difficult-to-replace components of the machine. I don't know where you find people to run a bank of that size and complexity, and perhaps it's easier than I think, but I'd like to get a sense of how much damage those removals would make. Additionally, would making corporate leadership personally, criminally liable for the banks actions make finding a replacement even harder? (Of course, that's not a great argument since any standard you apply is going to make it harder to find a replacement. E.g. if we say "no sex offender can be a teacher" then it makes it harder to find teachers, but no-one would argue with that.)
I don't think this is the right metric for weighing these claims. As a mathematician, I do not do primary research in calculus or linear algebra...

...but teaching those classes pays the bills.
I built a Hacker News client with Angular 2 (https://angular2-hn.firebaseapp.com) and shared it here a short while ago (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12438119). Got some very useful feedback and thought it would be nice to write a post on how I built it. I go through building the entire app step by step from scratch solving each problem along the way.

As always, I hope you find it useful and would appreciate any feedback.
Making Sense of Blockchain's Summer of Stupid
Your work is awesome. Thank you so much. Here, I pasted it into a gist so that it's not in a typewriter font. I thought it would also fix the lines being 25 words long but it didn't, but it's still an improvement: https://gist.github.com/anonymous/3ea317a1f71bbfeca6df5d8469...
Yes, this is the point that's often missing in discussions about types. You can (and you have to work to) encode properties as types to get more value out of them. It's not about avoid mixing ints and strings.
I can understand (but don't agree with) jail time for the site owner.

I don't know if I understand that for the mods, unless they got some money from the site.

I really don't understand it for the users, unless again they got money from the site.

As I understand it copyright infringement is only criminal if it's part of trade.

The article describes those users as downloaders, which to me means the rights holders can sue for damages as a civil action, but not that the state can prosecute as a criminal case.
That they jail and fine the founders is somewhat understandable, if only for tax evasion and for making money off other people's IP, but jailing regular users is going too far. There aren't making any profit from watching films, and since we don't know if they'd be ready to pay for that content, it's not clear at all that the film industry is losing anything.
I haven't met anyone other than Haskellians that would create separate types for meters and feet.

I also wonder when you would make that distinction in the lifecycle of your application. I suspect not until you first encounter the bug of accidentally mixing units. If so, we'd be solving the problem at the same time, just using different techniques.
No. He will get "much less". If he's given a custodial sentence at all (he could plausibly be given probation, given his cognitive issues and the fact that his crime was non-remunerative), it'll almost certainly be low single-digits.

These "99 year" sentences are conjured by taking every charged count of an offense, assuming the maximum possible sentence for that class of offense, and then adding all the charges together.

But that's not how federal sentencing works. Like: at all. What happens in reality is that "like" charges group, and you're sentenced only according to the most severe count in the group of charges.

The federal sentencing guidelines are freely available. You can read through them to get a ballpark of where this case will land. There's a reason most convicted hackers who aren't running giant credit card rings spend single digit years in prison: the sentencing guidelines won't allow for a different sentence.
That's why there is a call for more military while cutting everything else.
I built a React app for a large Ecom site recently using the same strategy. It handles all URL updates with the History API, and simply AJAX loads the same URL with a query param to hydrate the app with JSON. Works really simply, and doesn't require Redux, Flux, or React Router.
Certified Nerd ID Card
I'm too lazy. Perhaps they have something crawling the web to gather "big data" about their public image, etc. If not, oh well :-)
This was capacitive touch (i.e. like on your smartphone).
That's a very good observation.

So, we have considered the discovery problem.

What we've done to make the discovery easier is that we've built in auto-suggest capabilities.

So if the person starts to type "What are the " ... they will see "What is the size ...".

The second thing is that we can in fact incorporate synonyms in the tool as well (query expansion is a common way to handle it).

However, I will take away a good point you've made - that FAQs can be of use to a customer with 0 knowledge and that they are very powerful.

I just hope that we can provide an equally powerful alternative, if only for people with >0 knowledge (as they're likely to have if they're looking to buy the product).
Discussed four days ago with 609 comments (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12480733)
Thanks for the shoutout Khallil!

Visit www.thesoularbackpack.com to watch the video and buy your 1:1 backpack!
Unless one renounces their US citizenship, they're still subject to IRS and US courts. Department of State also suggests that it doesn't clean the slate as far as financial burdens are concerned https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/legal-considerati...

"In addition, the act of renouncing U.S. citizenship does not allow persons to avoid possible prosecution for crimes which they may have committed in the United States, or escape the repayment of financial obligations, including child support payments, previously incurred in the United States or incurred as United States citizens abroad."
Humanitarian missions and charity are notoriously ineffective at achieving real change. See, for example, the utter failure of aid organizations to achieve any fundamental changes in Africa. Meanwhile, big drug companies and their anti-retro viral cocktails changed the course of the AIDS epidemic there almost overnight.
Ahh.. figured it was hollywood bull$hit. It seems like every movie still has dudes lifting weights in a court yard.

I have no doubt about doing one arm pullups making you strong. I just recently accomplished this myself but I had to loose a ton of weight to do so (from 198 -> 168). When I lost the weight I got a lot weaker and less powerful (albeit I certainly look better). I have feeling my old fat self could take more physical abuse.
Twitter is a really strange company.

I find so much value in it, mostly in the form of tweet deck with multiple columns giving me real time "news" on multiple different subjects/companies.

Yet, I don't pay for it and I can't see why anyone would pay for it. Advertising doesn't seem like a viable business model as I have yet to see any add that is of any value what so ever from the main site.

Can anyone make the case that within 2 years Twitter isn't owned by one of Google, Microsoft, or Facebook? With Steve Balmer's large investment Microsoft seems like the leader here.

Or one of the big media companies, though I like this idea less as I can't see them wanting to subsidies the company forever.

I mean what is Twitter's business model?

Can they really make a go of advertising?

I mean they've done prety well so far but IMHO I wouldn't be surprised that the ad money they've made so far is from people who feel like they need to advertise on Google and Facebook and Twitter. And once they get a few year of data to show which ads are actually helping, the twitter ad money is the first to be yanked.

Do the go the financial markets model and sell their data/firehose? Does that generate anywhere near the amount they'd need?

If/when the advertising dollars go away, what does Twitter do? Or is Twitter banking on being able to compete directly with Facebook and Google for ad dollars as an equal?
How are you defining wealth?
If I'm sitting here doing 35 hours a week and some guy is doing 60 and gets promoted I'd be fine with it, because you can guarantee he won't be getting a 40% pay increase, and I get 25 hours a week more of my life.
The hospitals that are covered by EMTALA (duty to treat) are those that "receive federal assistance, maintain charitable nonprofit tax status, or participate in Medicare". A hospital is free to get off the federal government gravy train if it thinks it can make more money that way.
If you win the lottery and think it was because of something you did, well...
iPhone 7 audio-adapter delivers lower quality sound
And scrolling down too! In fact scrolling seems to be an anti-pattern for mobile web where touch and swipe are primary interactions. Just sayin'.
Why do I find sites that require login/signup hubristic? I guess because we have so many alternatives? Or, do I just dislike Linkedin?
If you value your worth based off what label an organization slaps on your paychecks, sure. If you are getting better and better at your job, you can tell your company or other companies you require $x.xx salary, or want to move into management, etc. Why wait for them to promote you?
NAT does not necessarily do this.
Also, watts = power, not energy
In Firefox:

"Reported Unwanted Software Page!

This web page at thepiratebay.org has been reported to contain unwanted software and has been blocked based on your security preferences.

Unwanted software pages try to install software that can be deceptive and affect your system in unexpected ways."

Maybe I do want the software .....
It does now: https://tiswww.case.edu/php/chet/bash/NEWS

This is a terse description of the new features added to bash-4.4 since the release of bash-4.3...
The US seems like it has a very undeveloped policy on digital defense. It seems like with this issue and the large breaches in security in the past, and the FBI pushing for even more weakening of encryption that the US government lacks a strong internal advocate to promote the development and installation defensive infrastructure for both in gov't and the US tech infrastructure.
In general I stay motivated by reaching a base level of healthiness - physical, work, and social. The motivation comes naturally if I've met those needs.

I'm not a superhuman kettlebell-swinging crossfit soylent paleo junkie by any means, but I walk to work every day and bike a good amount using my city's bike-share. And I've started (over the course of 2 years, it's so tough!) to eat less-unhealthy food.

Being happy at work makes a big difference to my motivation, I'm able to channel some of that extra energy I get from feeling like I'm putting good effort in, into my side projects. I work 9-5 most days (as a programmer).

I find I'm more motivated when I keep in touch with people, and also when I work on projects that get me interacting with people who are excited about what I'm doing. For me at least, it's not as fun to work on a project if people I know don't think it's cool. That was a snippet from a Paul Graham essay I took to heart and I think it's true.

I also occasionally journal my thoughts down, which makes me feel calmer and more ready to approach a task.
During the past year or so, as the "standard" React architecture has come to embrace keeping application state together in a global store, react-router looks a little out of place. Why should it maintain such a crucial part of the application state separate from the rest of the app? In reality, the best pattern for the future probably looks a lot more like "redux-router" than react-router.