skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The terminology is a bit confused. Astronomers speak of "a spectrum" where they mean "a measurement of a spectrum", and thus "spectra of a star" where they really mean "measurements (plural) of the spectrum (singular) of a star".

So it really comes down to whether you speak Latin or Astronomerese.
I think of in terms of the data we collect. Make a single measurement over a range of energies/wavelengths/frequencies and you have collected a spectrum. Repeat that measurement or make measurements covering different energies/wavelengths/frequencies and you have some spectra.

For the star from the article, I think it is fair to say that Pu consistently appears in the spectra that have been collected.
In Thailand they ban alcohol on election day ...
Is it fair to call that experiment a flop? It failed to achieve its goals of running a self-sustaining colony, but it sounds like we learned a lot about the challenges of doing so from running that experiment. I don't know if we should expect success on the first or second try of designing a self-sustaining ecosystem. Plus, didn't they last most of the 2 year period they were intended to? (I'm not an expert on it)
tl;dr I don't know what you're asking.

I've gone to look at your other comments and submissions, and I'd guess that English is not your native language. As a result you might (probably will) find it hard to write a short paragraph expanding on your question.

But with a simple, bare question like this you are unlikely to get any kind of response. You really need to explain more. Why is your product complex? Who is it for? Have you tested your market to make sure that what you have made is relevant to someone? How many have you sold so far? If only one or two, can you get your customers to talk to other possible customers? Do you know who your potential customers are?

If you haven't sold any at all, why did you develop it? Who did you have in mind?

Given my assumption that English is not your first language, here's a thought. Write a more complete description about your product, question, problem, etc, in your own language. Then at the top explain that English is not your first language, include your original, and then include a Google translate of it. If you use short, very simple sentences, then Google Translate can usually carry the meaning, but not the subtle nuances.

I hope that helps.
Excel can(at this day) handle 1,048,576 rows which is 2^20.
If you really need to work on bigger DBs than that I'd recommend using Power Pivot(natively included in Excel 2016) which is supposed to handle way more than 2^20 rows.
On UNIX yes, it will never change, C is married to UNIX and no alternative will ever change that.

On other OSes, it really depends on how Apple, Google and Microsoft do their work of "our way or the highway" regarding pushing their safe alternatives.
The author addresses it in the essay. Flooding comes in the form of storms every X years and super-high, rare tides, so barriers don't help. If storms are unfrequent enough, people keep occupying the area. In Manhattan, they've already thought about a barrier on the Hudson river, but it's prohibitively expensive, covers a few percent of the risks only, and worse, gives people the feeling that there's a solution. Plus they may solve the 2070 problem, but few things solve the 2100 problem, and nothing solves the 2200 problem: When the water is 30 feet higher, you just have to transform NYC into New Venice.

Which makes me think, a change of name into "New Venice" might help people identify better with the new situation than every barrier.
> How do you port it to a machine without a 16-bit type?

The problem is made more severe when you use "int" and let the compiler decide the size of the variable. I guess I don't know what you're advocating.

> The stuff about communicating with the outside world is quite different.

I meant communicating as a throwaway example. It's a valid example, but really, everything gets affected. For example, a CAN identifier is 29 bits. What generic "int" would you use when you want to fill in this identifier? And no, I work at a level that's lower than an ABI. So, no OS, no file IO, etc.
Thanks for the link! I want something for my desk, so I can try using my old Nexus 4. Maybe I can live with the 5" display since it won't cost me anything
I think elections should be held on weekends giving the maximum number of voters the opportunity to vote. This is the case in most countries anyway.
Not everyone gets to take weekends off, unfortunately.
This is so true, and I'm as guilty of it as anyone. Just look at the first sentence of the article:

> This year’s U.S. presidential election is confusing for everyone.

Yeah. Presidential election. That's who you think about, right? Trump, or Hillary, or maybe Gary Johnson if you're like me.

But it's so weird: they have all this other stuff on the ballot! Senators, congresspeople, state assemblypersons, governors, county boards of supervisors, even your mayor and city council members.

And if you're in California, there are probably fifty ballot propositions to worry about too! Who has time to think about all that? It's so much easier to just think about one contest: The Big One.

So yeah, I definitely appreciate your comment. Perhaps now I have shamed myself into thinking about all the more local issues that really do have much more effect on our daily lives.

Living in Menlo Park (CA), this is very real. I look at our neighbors Palo Alto and Redwood City with all the development and activity there. Compare either of those downtowns with downtown Menlo Park and see which ones are hopping and which one ain't. The local joke is that we want to Keep Menlo Dark. It's a nice quiet downtown, where nobody has to bear the burden of running a successful restaurant or retail shop.
This is what I like about user interfaces in Emacs. They are richer than command line interfaces as you have programmatic access to values (this gives you composition and scripting), yet they also hide information in their graphical representation bringing them closer to GUIs.

(Compared to well-designed GUIs Emacs interfaces aren't very pretty, though.)
> I lack the outdoorsy know-how and wisdom to feel at ease on the backroads of the desert southwest.

This is one of the reasons that I am glad I was a Scout and spent a lot of time in the backcountry.

I grew up thinking that this is how everybody grows up, but having lived in several major world cities, it has never ceased to amaze me how few city-folk know any fundamental outdoor skills.

Selecting a campsite, leaving no trace when you leave, water purification and management, building and containing campfires, land navigation with a map and compass, how to safely use a rifle, knife use and maintenance, first aid... I learned all of these as a kid.

Spending that time "roughing it" really helps you appreciate the benefits of both preserving nature, as well as the wonders of modern civilization. It also builds some serious self-reliance skills, which have served me well in life.

Maybe we need a program similar to Scouting, but for adults that have lived all of their lives in or around cities? Would help to bridge the urban-rural divide in both directions. Does such a thing exist?
Layoffs in startups: What's the other side of India's entrepreneurship story?
Maybe the author wanted this to be C99 compliant but a cool thing is that by using clang we even have lambdas. It's called blocks, the same as in Objective-C.
http://clang.llvm.org/docs/BlockLanguageSpec.html

I've been using them in all my new C code, since I'm stuck to clang anyway, and it's awesome.
In the case of code that works with code, rich syntax is a problem, not a solution. Getting rid of tons of syntax is not a sacrifice at all, when you're wrapping, transforming, and/or generating code. And as I've stated elsewhere, the fact that you can do this now so easily means it opens up that power for quick little inline tools, where in most other languages that sort of thing is reserved for major undertakings.

It also eliminates many syntactic bugs, makes searching & editing code easier for humans, makes editor tools easier to create and more broadly useful when they exist, and eliminates ambiguous precedence completely.

You begin to notice that syntax itself really is an anti-feature, after working across a wildly varying range of languages and styles, and designing many fully custom DSLs.
You have an int16_t? How do you port it to a machine without a 16-bit type?

Hint: you're being done a favor by being forced to think about that.
If you're driving a car, truck, or RV... then maybe the Grand Canyon is packed. If you are hiking or rafting... it is a desolate and inaccessible place.
If the main light pulse is traveling at the speed of light and the vortex travels with it, that implies that the vortex must have one edge traveling at 2x the speed of light... but that's not possible. How does this reconcile with relativity?
Could common core be saved if the NLCB mandatory testing and rating of schools be removed?

It's the testing and what's being tested that sounds mind killing.
When you consider how truly distant into the future -- in technological time frame -- 2100 is, you can wonder if Unix will even be around at that time. 2100 is double the lifetime of Unix from now.
I don't think there's anything wonky about that table, it's just often not in the curriculum in high school, and teachers don't want to "confuse" students with material outside of the curriculum. But for me it greatly simplified understanding isotopes and radioactive decay.

And why would you think you couldn't verify it? All of the isotopes in the table were observed in a lab somewhere.
Last time I was in a topic like this on HN, there was a discussion about whether a mission could have as its mission parameters a part where they just send people willing to entirely abstain from sexual relationships - whether this could possibly be a pragmatic thing for early exploration-oriented pioneering missions where people are likely to die on Mars anyway.

Or rather, it started pragmatic, but it turned into a bit of a culture-wars clash immediately (apparently some people feel quite strongly about humans abstaining from sex), and honestly, if any US or European space program did the same, they'd have to deal with the fallout, so... it may not be the best plan.
If you have the time, you should consider filing a bug report.
In Denmark; you can register a new company, pay your bills, fill out your taxes and so on online with a secure national identity card. But for voting you still have to queue up on voting day, go to a box and put some marks on a piece of paper.

Which tells me that with voting and democracy we don't quite have the same rationality and that there is something else going on (celebration, history, rituals etc.).
I've actually sumbitted that headers link just because that "22nd century C" seemed too simple for me.
C can do much more than some syntax sugar.
XML is a perfectly reasonable format for documents.
It is not that easy.

Mutation works both ways. You can also lose something very fast, if it's no longer needed (basic rule of evolution - "Use it or lose it").
Could Tesla get an alliance with the manufacturers to bypass the cardealer scheme as a whole? I get manufacturers would rather see Tesla have problems, but wouldn't everone win with removing the middleman?

Or could Tesla, in their showroom, if they can't sell directly, let people preorder then redirect them to the cheapest local car dealer, in a sort of auction to the lowest margin, so cardealers are only seen as a commoditized cost?
The First VC Meeting (2009)
That's because elections are held on Sundays (and of course some people need to work that day).
for synching between devices I use BT-Sync, now Sync.. closed source but reliable as a background daemon not needing intervention
And you are incorrect. There are insane Christians who want more than ever to usher in the 'new era of Christ' by bringing their Armageddon down upon us all. Those people should not be part of the US Military-Industrial complex, nor should these extremists be allowed access to power.

However, they are in power today.
Flyweb would be unnecessary in a situation where you have access to a web app server and a user's machine. You could just modify the code on the server to make Joe's machine post data to the outside when Joe visits the web app.

FlyWeb does present a new attack surface, so it needs thought, but the blog post makes it abundantly clear that Mozilla know that.
BT-Sync is the original of syncthing with iOS-support but considered bad because its closed source and comercial

I like it though
I would imagine PG doesn't place much emphasis on GUI tools, being primarily hosted on Linux/BSD... Does your criticism apply to CLI tools too?
"China" is as much a fantasy as "god". There is no such thing. Not even looking at the trouble with some of the unwilling provinces (which many countries have), just what is a "country" exactly? Definitely noting with a "will" or "ambitions". That's just people. The fact here the concept is all in human brains is underlined by the fact that the stronger the concept of "country" the more akin to religion the way it is treated, case in point: http://www.al.com/news/index.ssf/2016/09/football_announcer_...

Don't get me wrong, there is nothing at all wrong with "country" concepts - not until people start posting comments like yours, then it gets a little disturbing when somebody takes a useful administrative concept too far.
It turns out it's even worse than that. Plutonium and other "non-natural" elements have been found naturally occurring on Earth [1]. All sorts are supposed to have existed historically at the Oklo natural nuclear reactor too [2]. Probably safer to call them transuranic elements.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium#Occurrence

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americium#Occurrence
LuaBot is the first Linux DDoS botnet written in Lua Language
I imagine that the hyper-laissez faire libertarian sitting in the passenger seat of a crashing (unregulated) commercial airliner would fondly reflect on the fact that they are about to be part of an event that will transmit information to the market that will permit market participants to make an informed choice regarding their air travel options.
I think elections should be held by mail, so that people can vote on whatever day they damn well please. Some states already do it that way.
Or it could tell you that doing elections online is a much harder problem than company registration or filling out taxes. For starters, none of that is anonymous which makes verifiability a much simpler problem.

Remember that election results should be verifiable for everyone. "Pen on paper in a ballot" is very easy to reason about compared to "huge software stack somewhere running complicated cryptography". For elections, "easy to verify" is a top priority feature or we can stop having elections in the first place. Not to mention that the theory behind such systems is still in its infancy and many details are not worked out yet.
Key features including a decent UI? I hate using LibreOffice for this reason alone.
I saw the entire thread of comments under yours, and I'm glad that you were so willing to admit, you crossed a line, so I am commenting in general, just to understand better. And offer my thoughts, if you don't agree please explain to me why.

>I am so glad I've renounced my religion, people often poke fun at the materialism of christianity by mentioning Indulgence and not realize Hajj is the most exploitive religious act anyone can engage in.

Are you comfortable renouncing your religion? I personally prefer a secular prefix than an ex prefix. For example, couldn't you have just continued to be less religious. Making arguments based on science and known facts, to counter dogma. Without ever bracketing yourself as an 'ex'. I believe from within you can bring about more change in any community.

Also in that way, you continue to enjoy all the biryanis[1] and all the sewais[2], and all the nice fraternity - which is largely good. Just my opinion on whats healthier. I typically sincerely seek to understand all sides. And my view is extreme positions are harder to change (very obvious point I know).

[1] & [2] -- some nice Muslim food in the Indian subcontinent
I often spent time in New Mexico to visit family as a child and we would often find unmarked sites of Indian culture. I found them to be absolutely wonderful. Some where marked with little flags noting sites. I have never been to a place more exposed and ready for discovery in my entire life. Most place I have lived are overgrown and their secrets even more hidden. Getting to the point though, I feel that the most Americans have the perspective that cultured, and ancient sites are beyond America. America is something new and the rest of the world is older and more cultured. Sadly, we have hidden a lot of the culture and history that existed here before our country. We are not the same a civilizations that has been rooted in the land like China. They have 3,500 years of written continuous history. Our tourism in America is and has always been Westernized, not a continuation of something old but an idea of something new.
https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/debian-reference/ch02.en....
I just hope the researchers had a flamethrower at hand at the end.
This would be much more difficult to make anonymous (though not impossible), add quite a few middlemen, and prevent you from being sure your vote has actually been counted and not tampered with, though.

I like putting a piece of paper in a box very much (and elections are always on Sundays in France so you don't have to choose between this and your job).
Tyranny, perhaps. But surely, you pity those whose math skills are so poor they are ripe for exploitation under capitalism.
But higher oil prices do drive down the use of oil in general.
This reflects the importance of the dosage and duration when taking antibiotics.

This video shows hormesis[1] at its best: How bacteria is able to develop resistance over an increasing dose of antibiotic. I doubt that they would have been able to survive when exposed from 0 to x1000.

[1] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2248601/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_City_of_Shifting_Waters
The people suffering the effects of their own personal choices don't exist in isolation. They all work for or run businesses that affect the world we live in.

If a significant number of people start loosing their homes or places of business to flood waters, the economic and social repercussions will affect all of us, not just the people whose property is now under water
The Grand Canyon is actually pretty great, if you're physically able to hike several hours down into the Canyon. Once you're a couple miles down, the crowds thin way out, and you can get some peace and quiet. The number of people who go all the way to the river each day is quite small, compared to the number who just roam around the rim (on either side).
Oregon votes by mail, and I've generally been happy with it.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vote-by-mail_in_Oregon
And for many of my use cases (although not all) LO/OO was way ahead of Word at times (formatting using styles comes to mind as a place where I used to prefer old OO for years and I also think LO/OO is less prone to misread basically anything as an American formatted date.)
> ...are basically just .. really old housing.

Indeed, old is not enough. Old and grandiose (at least for that epoch) is what attracts curiosity.

For example, something like Stonehenge could be assembled in a matter of minutes with modern machinery, but several centuries ago it was more than the state of the art. Furthermore, it hints to a knowledge of astronomy which is daily knowledge in the epoch of Hubble, but is astonishing considerind that the first telescope would have to wait for Galileo to be born.

Another example: in Italy there are plenty of majestic cathedrals. We may discuss about the utility of spending so much money and man-centuries on cathedrals, but they are just so beautiful that you get speechless once inside.
Patched Android Libutils Vulnerability Harkens Back to Stagefright
I remember that old ACL2 paper, they didn't perform verification on just any RTL module written in Verilog, they restricted it to a subset of Verilog that most matched their ACL2 language, it was a lisp like functional language, and their ACL2 system was descendant of the Boyer-Moore thereom prover Nqthm. Anyway they translated that subset of Verilog into ACL2, and then their prover would try do verification by using term rewriting. To use their prover you had to basically find a functional version of whatever program you wanted to verify. On top of that, there was no guarantee that it would perform verification successfully, you would either get a result or ACL2 would just hang/or fail! Its mode of use is very similar to Microsoft's SLAM you mentioned earlier, if it took too long then you really had no choice but to rewrite. Verifying any Verilog module was way outside its capabilities and by today's standards it wasn't a very sophisticated mechanical prover.

Anyway, the way verification is done these days is too reduce the state space as much as possible and check the FSM, that's not "generalizing the problem until it becomes unsolvable". There are techniques post 1990's to do just that for example abstractions and minimization, partial order reduction, and more famously symbolic model checking. But user pron is right, most useful programs in production are just not feasible to formally verify because even after using many of the state of the art techniques to reduce the state space of the resulting FSM, the FSM is still too large. The option you have today, if verification is important to you, is to structure your program so that its verification by mechanical provers is tractable.
I apologize for any typos/grammar errors, I'm on my phone. Also for anyone interested in the history of model checking check out Turing Laureate Edmunde Clarke's paper "Birth of Model Checking", if your interested his textbook "Model Checking", and a more recent text is "Principles of Model Checking" by Baier&Katoen.
Try creating a UTF8 CSV-file that will open correctly in Excel.

Hint: It's not possible. My favourite chart about excel insufficiencies:

Encoding BOM Win Mac
-------- --- ---------------------------- ------------
utf-8 scrambled scrambled
utf-8 BOM WORKS scrambled
utf-16 file not recognized file not recognized
utf-16 BOM file not recognized Chinese gibberish
utf-16LE file not recognized file not recognized
utf-16LE BOM characters OK, same as Win
row data all in first field

(https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6588068/which-encoding-o...)
Ford is getting into busses and bike sharing
In the old system trustworthiness comes from having representatives from various political parties including opposition present at the voting stations.

For an electronic version of this you could do something similar: Allowing all parties to audit the voting systems insuring that traces of who voted what were destroyed and that votes were counted probably.
They should probably rename this to "A practical guide to building applications with webpack" instead, mentions nothing else but webpack and plugins for webpack...