skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I have no direct knowledge on IBM's processor, but from working on other processors, usually it's due to product yield.

Today's cutting edge fabrication of multi-core chips makes it quite unlikely to get many dies to manufacture where all the CPU's are working at high speeds. Chips must run at a single frequency, so the slowest frequency is the bottleneck. If you fabricated 32 cores, and 1 fails testing, the chip is garbage.

So the strategy is that the chips are fabricated with 32 cores, and then they speed-test the cores and take fastest 24 cores. The remaining 8 are fuse-disabled, and the end user sees a 24 core chip.

Note this strategy also allows them to produce a 16-core chip with the same die, if for example only 20 cores work at high speeds.

So you get both high yield and high speed chips.
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Used. AMD64 removed segment limit checking. Base offsets are still applied for %fs and %gs, but not other segment registers. We got them to add a flag to re-enable it (and SAHF), but Intel never had it.

Nowadays it is all Vanderpool/Pacifica, aka VT-x/AMD-V.
Anonymous items with named fields are always only just one name away from being structs. That seems to me to be the least-sweet spot in the possibilities of (named/anonymous item) x (named/anonymous fields).
I've often wondered how much the Web as we know it depends on the current level of technology (bandwidth, resolution, processing speed, storage), vs how much it depends on the fact that it has a critical mass of people using it? Sure, sites such as Youtube would have a hard time over a 28.8k modem (not to mention low resolution/low color displays and slow CPUs). But things like Facebook or other community sites could still essentially exist and perform most of their function.

Or is it that without current bandwidth, that even basic items (such as sharing low resolution pictures) would limit it to those who have enough patience? And how much of the ability to design modern web app interfaces is responsible for drawing in the masses? Is the eye candy what actually sells the net to the average person (in order to obtain critical mass)?
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This needs an NSFW tag, like, when you open this page and your monitor starts psychedelically flashing, everyone turns around and stares at you to shame.
Your stereotypes are disgusting. My working class relatives in Brazil are playing it. We don't live in huts.
Yeah, I can see your point. I am on the autism spectrum somewhere and I am very fortunate that I do not have the crippling anxiety and self-doubt that the OP and others are grappling with. I quit IBM after 6 years because I wanted to have my own business and had only a couple of business meetings lined-up (it failed), I built a software business in mortgage processing only due to some conversation I had with a mortgage broker, I built my present house while I was unemployed, I'm 56 and started my latest software project in a mature industry which I feel is ripe for a change. I just don't feel anxiety or worry and I thank my version of asperger's for this. I try and get rid of all the onion layers surrounding my 'gut' and allow it to speak to me.

My favourite saying to my kids (and one that the OP should heed) is: "It's Ok to be afraid, but you can't let being afraid stop you". And I wish that someone had told me that when I was young because it's absolutely true; you will be afraid, count on it, and that's fine but you need to plow through it. The OP seems very afraid and he is allowing this to debilitate him and his life.
Jesus, I wasn't even going to read this article, but holy shit, am I glad I did.

Using more precise sensors, the same MIT
researchers went on to develop systems that
can distinguish between different people
standing behind walls, and remotely
monitor breathing and heart rates with 99
percent accuracy.

A system called “WiKey” presented at a
conference last year could tell what keys
a user was pressing on a keyboard by
monitoring minute finger movements.

And a group of researchers led by a Berkeley
Ph.D. student presented technology at a 2014
conference that could “hear” what people were
saying by analyzing the distortions and
reflections in wi-fi signals created by their
moving mouths.

Man, I was about to blow this off as yet another MAC address sob story. I totally was not anticipating doppler effects and radar-style reflection/signal strength analysis.
Gave it a quick read.

Are biases distinct from "preferences" - humans view flowers as more pleasurable than insects - human language associates flowers with pleasurable terms, states and so-forth.

"Bias" is term associated with "irrational beliefs" whereas "preferences" more often imply "arbitrary preferences". Especially, biases are held to prevent rational deduction whereas preferences have no such stumbling block.

Now, one supposes that question would come down to whether a computer would "know it's a computer, not a person".

If the AI was asked "do you like cockroaches or daisies better", would it say "why daises are prettier and smell better" or would it say "most people like daisies but I'm a machine, can't smell or taste, and only care about the preferences entered into my control panel" (or something).

And you'd expect that a thing that merely "parroted" human speech without understanding would give the former answer.

Which is to say I don't think you are really fully grappling with word-association and word-logic coming together, ie, "meaning".
Jump into Open Source and learn on your own time.
I don't know about the Romans, but here's an example from 1627 https://wellcomeimages.org/indexplus/image/L0020217.html
Oh, it's a fulfillment house. There are lots of companies which do that, including Amazon and UPS. The site seems to be addressed to people who don't know that. Nice art, though.

Not to be confused with "blackbox.com", which sells networking accessories.
Many good points. Nevertheless self-service analytics is the only way to give business users what they need in a reasonable time frame. We've already seen what happens when every little change request has to be implemented by IT people -- time to production becomes weeks and months, instead of hours. Perhaps, there should be some kind of framework with reasonable restrictions and simplifications. But that's a very open question. I've yet to see a good example of a reasonably restricted self-service.
I wrote up a transcription of the New York Times article on this event, which exists as a fairly degraded PDF.

http://bæta.net/resources/documents/ocr_nyt_hw.txt

Some interesting snippets:

Violence:

> Harry Gerber, 25, of 69 East 115th Street, went to Harlem Hospital for treatment for injuries received in fighting off straw hat vandals at 115th Street and Park Avenue. When a crowd of boys tried to seize his hat he put up a fight and was badly beaten and kicked.

Courtroom drama:

> A. Silverman was sentenced to 3 days in jail by Magistrate Peter A. Hatting, in the Night Court. On Thursday Magistrate Hatting had given warning that he would impose jail sentences upon any one brought before him on the charge of smashing straw hats. Abraham Birnbaum of 522 Lavionia Avenue, Brooklyn, appeared in court as the complainant against Silverman.

> Just before he sent Silverman to jail, Magistrate Hatting discharged Sikeowitz, the youth arrested at 116th Street and Lexington Avenue. The Magistrate was about to send Sikeowitz to jail despite the intercedence of Oldbaum, the complainant, when the sight of the prisoner's gray-haired mother, 70 years old, caused him to relent for her sake.

> "But I'll sent the next one to jail," said the Magistrate. "I intend to see that citizens are protected in their property." Silverman was the next one.

A range of ages:

> Patrolman James Sheehan of the Oak Street Station arrested two boys whom he saw smashing a straw hat at First Avenue and Seventh Street. The boys said they were Walter Shulka, 13, of 102d East Seventh Street, and Abraham Silverman, 12, of 94 East Seventh Street. They will be arraigned in the Children's Court today on the charge of juvenile delinquency. An hour later Patrolman Sheehan arrested Abraham Moses, 15, of 810 East Nineteenth Street, at Tenth Street and Avenue A, on the same charge.
The reason people don't do this is:

1. Our current base notation is already familiar and widely used. Nobody is confused about 0xA vs 0b10.

2. Nobody will really use those other bases, so you're adding obscure features that muddle your syntax.
Does the pattern matching also statically check that you don't try to use a failed match.

What if instead of

if (o is null) return; // constant pattern "null"
if (!(o is int i)) return; // type pattern "int i"
WriteLine(new string('*', i));

somone forgot to return, as in

if (!(o is int i)) {
// do something
}
// incorrectly try to use `o` as an int
WriteLine(new string('*', i));

Rust uses the special `match` syntax to avoid this. But I suppose C# 7.0 also analyse the structure of the `if`s and `return`s to acheive the same effect more flexibily.

And if it can do that, could that they also start phasing in statically-checked null avoidance?
That's certainly not in the spirit of the program. I am generally not a fan of Ted Cruz but the proposal he made that there should be a minimum salary of 120k (not sure if this is right) makes sense to me. Or maybe limit the number of H-1B visas a company can get to 100 or so. Or even better: Give H-1B workers a green card after a year so they can change companies. That way they couldn't be held captive for low wages.
Numerous studies has shown people still prefer print books. For a lot of reasons, and for me personally, even the best E-Book reader, the Kindle with e-ink, isn't anywhere as good quality as printed book, it needs instant refresh rate, and much higher PPI, And proper black or white colouring.

The tech is simply not good enough.
Having said that, current tech means much easier discovery and therefore more likely read.

And i think it isn't about digital reading, it about getting people the habit to read books ( not short form like tweet or blogs ). Once there are more people who read books, digital reading will come.
I've been away for 6 years, and not having many fellow colonials around has made some of our lingo sounds very weird to me. e.g - family on Facebook reacting to food posts with "Yummo!"
Sure. Write a Roslyn analyzer to help out here.

Note: it's not like you can just sprinkle 'ref' on the return type of your methods willy nilly. Like 'ref'/'out' parameters, it requires you to do very specific things to keep your code safe/legal. As such, it's unlikely to just be added by people because, by and large, most code won't be equipped to actually handle it properly.

The codebases that will want to use this are already ones that have done a lot of work that makes them amenable to ref. i.e. game engines where you have large arrays of structs that you want to operate on in an efficient manner and whatnot.
I read further down the page - they use a quasi newton method to find inputs that minimize the (squared?) distance between the desired output and the output of the guessed input.

I guess this can only really be expected to work well when there is a input that perfectly matches the output in a convex neighborhood of the starting point. Pretty cool!

Looks like they also have support for a few other types of data, but it's not described in the documentation. Apparently there is support for the backwards computations on strings, nested objects, and you can declare inverses for functions. There's also something mysterious called "cascading approaches".

I'm super interested to know more about how this works!
Yet another HN title that says nothing about what lies on the other side of the link.

"BlackBox: a new shipping company from the creators of Cards Against Humanity"

Isn't that just a bit more descriptive?
Bluetooth devices can do MITM attacks on anything with a wireless keyboard or mouse. This device isn't designed to do that, but it's a programmable long-range Bluetooth device designed to be unobtrusive, so it's hardware that can be repurposed for an attack.
The article states

"At an estimated present-day price of approximately $10 per watt of laser power, building and operating Breakthrough Starshot’s 100-gigawatt array today could cost as much as $1 trillion."

but goes on to say that the price is plummeting quickly, and so may be affordable in relatively short order.
Sorry I wasn't clear, I meant in the following sense:

"One of the most common complaints about F# is that it requires code to be in dependency order."

In light of your statement I understand the way I put it made little sense.
25 years on, Linux still getting all the
> Anonymous items with named fields are always only just one name away from being structs.

That's a huge line to cross though! Once you give it a name then you generally have to give it a home somewhere.
In 1996 I asked Robert Morris Sr if he was worried that so much crypto was dependent upon factorization. "Worried? I'm not worried, but I can tell you that if US Military lives are at stake, we don't use algorithms that depend on factorization."

From that I would infer and speculate that the NSA found a pragmatic solution to factorization long ago.
It's no secret. Netezza has been using FPGAs since the beginning. Here is a link to a paper that describes the Netezza approach: http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redpapers/pdfs/redp4725.pdf

The Baidu approach seems very similar.
Use this subscriber link: https://lwn.net/SubscriberLink/698042/7333e685450f7676/

If you find the article useful, consider subscribing to LWN - they do great work :)
You ain't schooling me on nothing you click-baity title. I knew this from when I satisfied my own curiosity with wikipedia.
Nice! I was also hoping for some sort of guaranteed not-nullable type and immutable classes. Maybe in C# 8.
Yeah. This seems as likely to detect cohorts of similarly interested groups of people as it would a voting ring.

This might be useful though, in that things which trend towards honest are actually trending toward general interest.
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Liberal academics are ‘open’ but are they truly tolerant?
I love Blackbox and still use it today, though I privately maintain my own fork with a few bug fixes and hacks for my personal preferences. Best WM I have ever used.
Potentially Habitable Planet Found Orbiting Star Closest to Sun
Usenet and bbses existed for years. But something like Facebook would not have received critical mass with video and pics. Of course suicidal media on general wouldn't have gotten critical mass without a smart phone.
> So what are these companies doing?

Uh, well, what are the use cases for AI / ML? That's what they're doing. They're using it all over the place. It's almost unheard of to find a small tech company not at least exploring ML to see if they can use it to gain an edge.

Why do they have to detail what they're doing so they're not automatically bucketed into the "doing linear regression in excel" camp?

> Engineers and researchers, yes. Who builds the products the end users love? Engineers and researchers.

Funny, these same practices at Apple for the past 40 years haven't turned engineers and researchers off from working there. It isn't turning them off now, either. Apple has never had to give away time and knowledge for free to attract talent. In fact most companies don't need to do this. Relatively speaking only a few companies do this.

Seems a bit entitled, in my opinion, to think technology companies have to give away their time and expertise. They're going to attract talent if they're interesting / create interesting things as a company.
This is the feature I've been waiting for!

Correct me if I'm too excited, but won't these be an excellent alternative to maintaining lots of DTOs for SQL calls?
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Time will tell, but I strongly agree with The Woz. IMO this will turn out to be a dumber move than New Coke.
For their extensive experience in child rearing.
Very interesting results. I really like the approach of paralleling the classic bias experiments. And I think your recommendations in the last paragraph of the "Awareness is better than blindness" section are excellent - although I'd go farther and suggest that the long-term interdisciplinary research program should have a highly diverse team, and include experts on diversity.

I thought the section on "Challenges" could have been stronger. You talk about the bias in "the basic representation of knowledge" used in these systems today -- but it's not like there isn't aren't other possible representations of knowledge. How much effort has gone into exploring knowledge representation (and approaches to derive semantics) that are designed to highlight and reduce biases look like?
The Better Architect You Are, the Simpler Your Diagrams
My guess is this would be covered by the "have you initialised the variable" check, similarly to:

int i;
if (x == 3) { i = 2; }
WriteLine(i);

I'd be interested to hear the answer, though.
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Is each antenna directional, or do routers only gain directionality with multiple antennas? I'm amazed that they can get such precise beamforming with only four or six antennas (maybe they didn't even have that many antennas in 2013.) Admittedly I'm more familiar with beamforming as a sonar concept than as radar.

edit: I just read the MIT paper, and it's using ISAR. My advisor would be ashamed of me for not realizing that... Still, as the number of antennas continue to increase for better directionality, the wifi radar could even become effective on stationary targets. Soon we'll all be dressed like F-35s to hide from our routers.
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I don't understand the question, rather what's the point of it?
>C#

>2016
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This is rubbish! Surely Australia's National Dictionary should be the Macquarie Dictionary, i.e. the one actually published by Australians. Why should we be relying on Oxford when we have a home-grown solution?
Python and Java are both compiled to bytecode and both interpreted as bytecode. It has absolutely nothing to do with compilers.
Slightly disappointingly it's just a big 1.4MB file with 32 frames in it...

I wonder if if could be done two orders of magnitude smaller with old-school 8-bit demoscene colour palette cycling? That's clearly the aesthetic they're referencing... I bet some early '90's graphics hacker could have made that in 4096 bytes ;-) (probably not - certainly not at the full 700+ x 500+ resolution...)
As long as it needs to be intentional, I could maybe see it. I imagine it'd be difficult to prove intent, though.

"Manipulative representation of facts" is tricky, because every representation aside from raw data has been manipulated in some way or another.
Since we're all chipping in with features we'd like to see in C#, here are mine: anonymous classes - with actual class bodies, that can implement interfaces - and traits.
Because Robert Morris Sr said something hypothetical doesn't mean one should speculate.
Discovering Artificial Economics (1999) [pdf]
That's because nothing has changed here for 28 years.
I don't see a world benefited by a monoculture operating system anymore than I see it happening.
WTF? I thought this was some kind of cool OBD probe or something.
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Some of the voting public.
> No one losses here.

But you two are not the whole market. Someone sold a stock to a day trader and someone bought it from you. There are no other money in a stock market except those people bring (minus commission) so how everybody can win?
This whole concept makes the silly assumption that today's machine learning results in machine understanding. Without understanding human biases, as they are embedded in language, are irrelevant.
Yes, you are right. The ban on Burqa/clothing should not be a priority.

The ban on Burqa in France is a knee-jerk reactionary measure taken by the frightened French society which doesn't have a clue that their real fight should be against the evil ideology of Islam and that burqa-forced-on-women is but a small piece of that evil ideology.

Now the Islam apologists will take undue advantage of this ban by citing western ideals like "freedom of choice" and that "burqa is a choice made by Muslim women" and so on.

Hence, the French and western society should realize that they must not only stand fast and firm behind people like Charlie Hebdo editors and the cartoonists who drew Muhammad's cartoons but also encourage them and other people to do so again and again. The western society should tell the Muslims in unequivocal terms that "the Muslims should learn to get offended and also learn the more civilized ways of living in the world. That Allah, Muhammad, Islam and Islamic practices are a proper target of ridicule, criticism and humor. That Quran is not last word here in the west. That Charlie Hebdo and other cartoonists are our people and we can't let their freedom get trampled just because Muslims think their feelings/sentiments get hurt."

So, yes, you are right that the French action is more in line with the religions. But we must remember that this is a start of the (potentially long drawn) fight against the evil ideology of Islam and burqa (and women's clothing) is nonetheless a significant part that helps us bring out certain evil aspects of this vicious ideology in public discourse.

BTW, you should realize that despite this ban, the French society is far from controlling most aspect of human life like the way Islam (or any other religion) does.

Edit: added last para (BTW...).
I'm not convinced by your skepticism about correcting prejudiced bias. Debiasing certainly gives the AI a understanding of the world than the original (biased) language dataset, but it's not necessarily less complete - or less accurate. After all, any one corpus is incomplete, and has biases based on the items that were chosen for it - which are likely to reflect the biases of the past, and of the person choosing the corpus. It may not be a "complete" or "accurate" reflection of today's world - let alone the future. So it's not at all clear to me that efforts to undo the bias will necessarily make it less "accurate".
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Ya. I would be curious at the false positive rate for this. For a website with millions of members and few voting rings you would need the false positive rate to be really really low for this to work
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Then disables any of them from running on AMD processors (and that's still the case. They were told by the courts to either place a warning or stop the practice, so they buried a vague warning in the paperwork).
I think you're conflating a few things here:

1.) A probe and a human spaceship are vastly different problems. Since all a probe really needs is electricity to sustain itself, you could get away with a tiny payload and some long lasting radioactive energy source, light sails or even sending the energy from earth's orbit. Such a thing would be either slow and cheap or fast (a few percent of light speed) and expensive, but not both at the same time and I doubt it would be in the trillion dollar range whatever you do.

2.) I completely agree that sending humans would currently not be feasible within a single nation's budget and the technology for that is still at the very least decades out (cryogenics, EM shielding, better propulsion systems, using mass from cheaper solar system bodies than earth etc.).

3.) 1000 years is what we'd need with conventional current technology. The theoretical limit for a nuclear impulse propulsion drive is 20% of light speed if you want to break or 40% for a fly-by.
Is 6.0 widely used in industry/open source?