skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ramen is displacing tobacco as most popular US prison currency, study finds
Ruben Rausing: 1895, not recent history.

Ingvar Kamprad: not in continental Europe.

Amancio Ortega: what new kind of product/service did his company create?

Karl Albrecht: what new kind of product/service did his company create?

John Fredriksen: what new kind of product/service did his company create?

Markus Persson: not from continental Europe.

Georg Schaeffler: the roots of that company go back to 1883: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaeffler_Group
Does anyone here have an idea of which kind of resolution https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope will provide? I'm assuming that this little rock might not even occupy a single pixel, but I'd love to be wrong.
1) That particular example is 10 or 20 seconds on CPython, depending on CPython version, machine, etc.

2) With the exception of Luajit and JS, any dynamic interpreted language will take in the range of 5-20 secs to run equivalent code. I'm pretty sure Ruby and PHP are in the same range, no time to benchmark it now. Besides, if you use the Pythonic version of this loop (using list comprehensions), it will take more like 5 or 10 seconds and not 20. Run the same code on Pypy, and it takes under a second.

3) In any case, if performance is really an issue, the correct answer (as the parent discovered) is to use Numpy or Cython or C extensions for that part of the code. This is not uncommon knowledge.

4) I've been using Python in production for a decade and have never thought of this (~0.2 vs ~10 secs) as a problem because I never used pure Python for critical numeric code (or Ruby, or even JS). I did that in C or Cython, or Numpy (or OCaml, on one occasion). If I had to do something like that now, I'd probably use Rust and call it from Python (assuming I was writing the app in Python).

5) Any language has edge cases like this that can surprise you if you're not familiar with the ecosystem. The higher the level of abstraction, the more edge cases. Look at even the Julia thread directly below this one. It's a massive difference between the naive, Julia beginner version (no offense, I would have written it the same way, probably) and the experienced Julia programmer version. Even a language like Go has performance gotchas.

Python certainly has it's problems (like building large, robust programs, although that's being actively addressed with MyPy types), but I honestly don't agree that this is one of them.
> I haven't seen end-user applications written in LISP dialects

Would Autocad qualify?
I’ve read some interesting comments on this post: some clearly from practitioners and many not. Here’s a little extra background about Chinese Martial Arts.

They date back thousands of years: some scholars claim 2000 while others claim 4000. In either case, it wasn’t martial arts at that point. It started as health exercises that we now call Chi Kung (Qigong). They developed into martial arts later when people became intrigued by the stronger, healthier bodies and quicker reflexes of the practitioners. In particular, military-minded people saw the potential benefits and contributed greatly to the development of Chinese martial arts.

Another major contributor was the famed monks - both Shaolin and Daoist (Taoist). As they traveled around Asia, they accepted challenges and worked out with martial artists from other cultures. What they learned was incorporated into Chinese martial arts. So, mixed martial arts is nothing new, it’s been happening for hundreds if not thousands of years.

Martial arts competitions were considerably more brutal than they are currently. They didn’t wear gloves and anything went. Deaths occurred and sometimes people were handicapped for life. Even training was much more brutal. My instructor’s master recalled training on a beach in China. When they practiced throws, people landed on rocks periodically: no head gear or padding.

As someone mentioned already, kung fu is a generalized expression meaning any endeavor that requires prolonged, conscious effort to master. So, a skilled software engineer would be said to have “good kung fu”. I’ll keep to the popular use of Kung Fu even though it’s not completely accurate.

Chinese martial arts divide into two major classifications - Internal and External. What we call Kung Fu is a collection External styles. There are thousands of them, many of which are similar. The Internal ones are Bagua, Xing Yi, Tai Chi, and Liu He Ba Fa. Other than Tai Chi, the Internal ones are lesser known, although Jet Li showed elements of Xing Yi and Bagua in his movie “The One”. Again, there are probably hundreds of Internal styles.

In this era when people use their bodies less, what will preserve Chinese martial arts are the health aspects from which they derived, not their application to MMA.
Artist Peter Doig victorious as court agrees '$10m' painting is not his work
This is really cool. So is http://sdf.org . You can get a lifetime Unix (NetBSD) shell account at them for as little as $5, mail, http/gopher hosting, etc. included, and more.
Apologies if this is a massively ignorant question, but isn't the <i> tag an inline text span? In which case, isn't it wrong to have it be empty?

The i element represents a span of text offset from its
surrounding content without conveying any extra emphasis or
importance, and for which the conventional typographic
presentation is italic text; for example, a taxonomic
designation, a technical term, an idiomatic phrase from
another language, a thought, or a ship name.

http://www.w3.org/TR/html-markup/i.html

Using it without text strikes me as a hack, and one that is hostile to usability, among other problems. I understand why it would work, but it's abusing the technology as far as I can tell.

Since I've seen this in at least two comments now, can somebody explain to me why it's not considered an anti-pattern in 2016?

[edit: formatting]
No, the large majority of instructions are not microcoded. In addition to microcode having a performance penality by itself, a modern intel cpu machine can decode only one microcoded instruction per cycle, while it normally can decode up to 4 non-microcoded instructions per cycle. Note that microcoding and uop splitting are different things.
I write my own golf blog, with weekly previews of the tournaments, and as a way to get traffic, I'd post a weekly DFS picks post, and then link to both articles in a reddit comment on the DFS subreddit[1]. The idea being that people would look at the pics, but also read the more interesting preview I'd write.

I eventually stopped doing that after seeing weekly posts on that subreddit about how people were losing too much money and had to stop playing for a while. Didn't want to keep messing around helping people lose money. Always that side to an industry based on gambling.

[1] https://www.reddit.com/r/dfsports/
Hyde theme for Jekyll adapted to v3 and improved
You're exactly right; good catch.
Watch the 1080p version.[1] Did they have a control system failure, or was this pilot error? The front fans are steerable, but there's no sign of an attempt to correct the nose-down attitude as the craft dives. Watch the front fan positions. After the crash, the front fans move, but by then the cockpit has been crushed and there's probably nobody in control.

This thing is the same concept as the Skunk Works' P791 prototype - slightly heavier than air, steerable fans - but the flight controls seem to be much less effective and the landing gear is far worse.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DkYbw4R_-RQ
Watch the Chinese classic Shaolin Soccer for a humorous illustration of this concept :)
I'm excluding the Scandinavian Peninsula, which historically has been excluded due to its near physical detachment from the rest of the continent: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Europe
Or add an aria-label property to the link.
I agree (with your point and the "garbage" remark) but FWIW it was obvious to me what the criticism was -- 29% vs [obscured way of saying GT 33.3%].
And therein lies the rub.

What is the minimum number of instructions a compiler could make use of to get everything done that it needs?

I came across an article that says 'mov is turing complete' [1]. But they had to do some convoluted tricks to use mov for all purposes.

I think it's safe to say that about 5-7 instructions are all that's needed to perform all computation tasks.

But then:

- Why do compilers not strive to simplify their code-gen phase, or enable themselves to do advanced instruction-level program analysis, or both?

- Why do microprocessors not strive for simplicity, implement only a handful of instructions in an optimized way, with a very small chip footprint, to be followed by proliferation of cores (think 256-core, 512-core, 1024-core).

Besides the completely valid reason that humans tend to overly-complicate their solutions, and then brag about it, the main reason is historical baggage and the need for backwards compatibility.

Intel started with a bad architecture design, and only made it worse decades after decades, by piling one bunch of instructions over another, and what we now have is a complete mess.

On the compiler front, the LLVM white-knights come along and tell people 'you guys are wimps for using C to do compilers. Real men use monsters like C++, with dragons like design-patterns. No one said compiler programming is supposed to be as simple as possible.'

To those lamenting javascript and the web being broken, wait till you lift the rug and get a peek at the innards of your computing platform and infrastructure!

[1] https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~sd601/papers/mov.pdf
Visa restrictions would raise the wages of Americans competing for those jobs. And allow more entry level Americans to enter high paying technical fields.

Visa restrictions thus would be a step towards fixing troubling USA income inequality.

Trump is right to put Americans first.
These are very old studies. It is now known that ADHD is a genetic disorder. In fact it has unusually high correlation. It is absolutely not caused by environmental factors. Though there is one virus (that I'm aware of) that may cause it.

It is not only an issue of attentiveness, but ranter all executive functions. The poor naming of the disorder, and the observability of a persons focus, causes people to over emphasize the inattentiveness symptom.

If you are interested in understanding the reality of ADHD I'd suggest watching some of the talks by Dr. Russel Barkely.

Here: https://youtu.be/GR1IZJXc6d8

For a more complete talk:

Here: https://youtu.be/SCAGc-rkIfo
Its a really really tiny star; quite small even as M-dwarfs go. So its habitable zone cannot but be where it could tidally lock the planet. Now, maybe some other resonances are possible, perhaps if there are other bigger planets around it helps (and I think they didn't exclude something up to a size of Neptune at about 1AU or beyond); don't know how the orbital mechanics of all this work out.

But there were various modelling attempts to see how a tidal lock affects the climate, and it may not be a dealbreaker; not too thick an atmosphere could effectively transport that heat around, at least so that it doesn't risk freezing the atmosphere on the dark side and making it uninhabitable. But its just modelling so..

Maybe even more problematic is that a tidal lock could imply no internal dynamo, and so no protective magnetic field, and Proxima flares quite a lot, so it could have totally eroded its atmosphere and sterilized the surface with UV etc. Plus Proxima was much much hotter early on; would that period have permanently made the planet uninhabitable?

We just know so very little about habitability of M-dwarfs, and particullary the really small ones; we'll just have to find out,

Before we took a close look with probes, we thought Mars had lichens living on it, to explain its color variations or some such; there's no reason to think we have any more clue about M-dwarf planets than we had about mars then, for we have yet so study any.

Good thing one just happens to be in our backyard :D Though realistically, perhaps it turns out easier to study more distant M-dwarf planets, because this one seems not to transit from our perspective. And I think we could study the spectra and hence atmospheric composition of transiting planets sooner than we can hope for direct imaging of them. Not perfectly sure though.
Jiu Jitsu is in so far overrated that on the street it has a tremendous disadvantage to take somebody down: His friend will kick you to the head when lying down (source: personal experience in the ground position)

On of the advantages of old style MA like Karate and TKD that "telegraph" a kick: Actually, if you "telegraph" a kick, the advantage is, that you actually can kick over a counter kick as practiced in Wing Tsun or Krav Manga (source: personal experience)
> There are valid reasons for businesses to avoid GPL, but if they use GNU grep, the only thing they have to open source is their copy of GNU grep.

If they use GNU grep as part of a distribution that might be included with hardware, it means the GPLv3 anti-tivoization clauses affect any hardware that that distribution is on. Apple being first and foremost a consumer hardware manufacturer whose software exists to add value to that hardware, and wanting to maintain its ability to do what it wants with that hardware including not being constrained by the GPLv3's anti-tivoization clause (even if they aren't doing anything now that would fall afoul of it, they might want to in the future, and don't want to tie their hands in advance), has a very good reason not to touch GPLv3 at all.

(There's other GPLv3 provisions that might be problematic, too, GPLv3 involves more than just a requirement to provide source also licensed under the GPLv3.)
"are not fit for sparring competitions"

This is an excuse and well disproved in Gracies' books.
If your spongy structure is capable of withstanding a half decent vacuum it will likely be much heavier than the volume of that structure filled with air.
If you like this kind of content, consider joining the SDF. It's a free public access computing community with lots of artists, hackers, and grognards of all stripes. Your support is appreciated: https://sdf.org/
I've played both, and it's much easier to withdraw from DraftKings than it was from PokerStars/Full Tilt/Party Poker.

In the dark days of online poker after they shut down a lot of the payment vendors, I'd get shady looking checks from some middle man that I had to wait weeks for at times(never played/won enough to need wire transfers or fancier methods). That was horrible.

I've had withdrawals from DraftKings that take a day or two and go straight to my credit card or PayPal account. FWIW I play in California.

Edit: To be fair, paper check withdrawals did get faster as time wore on. Not sure how it is now. I live in SoCal and always preferred the card rooms than online poker anyway, so it's not worth the trouble for me.
What about drivers?

On SunOS, I can install a driver built on SunOS 5.5.1 (Solaris 2.5.1) on the latest illumos or Solaris-based OS, without recompilation, thanks to the device driver interface / device driver kit ("DDI / DDK"). Solaris 2.5.1 came out in 1993; illumos came out, well, today (multiple commits every day).

Is the same possible on GNU/Linux?
Component design patterns in React.js
Look forward to Win7 not working on the next gen of Intel processors, at MS request.
The JWST has an angular resolution of 0.1 arc seconds (according to a quick google search). This means a pixel at a distance of a parsec will correspond to about 0.1 astronomical units, which is about 20 times the radius of the Sun.

Of course, this doesn't mean that the telescope can't image light from a smaller planet, just that there would be no resolution to distinguish features on the planet itself. Similarly, even though lots of stars and other astronomical objects are too small to resolve, we can still see the light from them with telescopes (and our eyes).
Stigler's law of eponymy – Wikipedia
A rare example of a misleading title that is actually too underwhelming: No, they are not talking about spying on your internet traffic but using the router to observe your real-world movements...
> It's important to keep in mind that many of the most effective self defense techniques are illegal in organized fighting competitions

How are you determining what is "most effective"? Keep in mind that if a hypothesis can't be tested, it's pseudoscience.
> No one except mathematicians and type theorists are using HoTT,

Right.

> where every programmer in existence is using first-order and sometimes second-order logic.

I'm not so sure about this one. Perhaps by “programmer” you mean “every Haskell programmer”? Even then I'm still not sure. Are you counting “let's approximate `forall x. P(x)` with the large but finite conjunction `P(a) /\ P(b) /\ P(c) ...`” as “using first-order logic”?
Show HN: NetIn: Build Your Own Team, Get Placed at a Company as a Team
I read that type checking is easier with dependent types.

I'm barely aware of adga adn other langs that are used for profs, but wonder how useful (and what danger ahead) could cause to design a language with this for more mundane purposes (like, for example, build websites, data manipulation, gui, etc)
None of this really answers the overlying question that Jerry Kaplan and Oren Etzioni raised. The question raised by most in the field isn't whether Apple use AI/ML internally, the real question is why they avoid the research community so strongly.

For me, the greatest thing about the ML/AI community is how open it is and how strong a sense of camaraderie there is between people across the entire field, regardless of whether they're from industry or academia.

Employees from competing companies will meet at a conference and actually discuss methods.
Papers are released to disseminate new ideas and as a way of attracting top tier talent.
Code is released as a way of pretraining students in the company's stack before they ever step through the company's doors.
Papers are published on arXiv when the authors feel they're ready - entirely free to access - without waiting for a conference for their ideas to be spread.

This entire push of camaraderie has accelerated the speed at which research and implementation have progressed for AI/ML.

... but Apple are not part of that. They publish little and more broadly don't have a good track record. On acquiring FoundationDB, they nixed it, with little respect to the existing customers. Fascinating pieces of technology lost. If they aren't using the exact thing internally, why not open source it? I fear the same is likely to happen to Turi, especially sad given the number of customers they had and the previous contributions that many of Turi's researchers made to the community via their published papers.

Apple may change in the future - they may become part of the community - but a vague article of self congratulation isn't going to sway me either direction.

"We have the biggest and baddest GPU farm cranking all the time" ... Really? ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
Someone mentioned them in this discussion ~30 minutes before you posted.
keep editing your original post until you get the result you want. alternatively like you have done with the other suggestions provided, keep on narrowing "new products and services" until you can dismiss them all ;)
Q: Approx. how good will the resolution be when direct imaging exoplanets? (asked by @JakePeriphery)

A: Resolution? JWST's cameras can image gas giant planets greater than a few AU from their stars.

http://jwst.nasa.gov/faq_tweetchat3.html
Living at the twilight zone of such a planet would be a photographers nirvana. Golden hour every hour, for the rest of your life.
Best Buy bets on VR for the holidays with 500 stores demoing Oculus Rift
Some suggestions for avoiding common mistakes made in life sciences startups
How have I never heard of this "common" lisp?
However, there is reason to hope that the even larger
European Extremely Large Telescope will have enough
resolution (about 5e-8 radians? hard to tell from their
official publications)

6-12 mas is the advertised figure (0.006" = 3e-8 rad). That's the FWHM for its adaptive-optics imaging camera [0]. If you look at the details [1], it achieves the best resolution (6 mas) in the near-infrared J band, and for Nyquist-sampling reasons the pixel scale is half that (3 mas).

[0] https://www.eso.org/public/usa/teles-instr/e-elt/e-elt-instr...

[1] https://www.eso.org/sci/facilities/eelt/fp7-elt-pub/wfi_work...
If you couldn't, it would conflict with the "anti-tivoization" rules applicable to "User Products" in the GPLv3, which requires that any GPLv3 code incorporated into a "User Product" is replaceable with modified versions, and that the manufacturer of the product provide all information necessary to the user to make that replacement.
On a tangent with this topic, you guys should treat yourselves with a short sci-fi story named "The road not taken".
IIRC, most of the survivors simply waited near the bottom until landfall, then walked away. I think many of the victims had a choice between jumping or burning, but it definitely seems like a burning envelope is survivable if (your part of) the cabin doesn't catch.

Maybe the focus should have been on making the cabin nonflammable. Suspending the cabin with an air gap, and lining it (especially on top) with serious fireproof and heat-resistant lining, might have done the job.
Where are you getting that number?
That means that the distance from the planet to the star will be within the resolution, doesn't it? It sounded more like Diederich was asking about the scale of the planet itself being within the resolution.
Maybe wait for space elevators?
We've banned this account for repeatedly posting uncivil and unsubstantive comments to HN. If you don't want it to be banned, you're welcome to email hn@ycombinator.com. We unban accounts when people give us reason to believe they'll follow the rules in the future.
Is this 2 PCs on every desk? Or one Internet-connected PC, which you need a good reason to get in line for at some other part of the office on some other floor?
Go(lang) build system.File watchers,hot reload,output streams for any projects
Opera had tab group behavior like you describe when it introduced tab groups ahead of the other browsers. I'm not sure of the situation now since they based their browser off chromium.

You can get the right kind of behaviour using the Tree Style Tabs extension in Firefox, which is highly customizable. I've had a vertical tab bar for about a decade now and I couldn't imagine using a "traditional browser interface".
Many years ago I've seen this topic, and it suddenly vanished for a decade.

Now it's here again, and I'm even more frightened.
> As I know FPGA has limits on updates.

HFT firms have been banging on the drum of making FPGA's infinity programmable for a decade and lots of commercial FPGA's can be re-flashed now without worrying about the number of times you do it.

I've seen re-flash counts up to 100,000 times.

Hey put this in the "what has HFT actually done for the world" list of answers:)
Oracle UltraSPARC purchasing agreement forbids 3rd party direct comparison benchmarks.

The only ones you'll find by 3rd party are non-direct comparisons like transactions per second in Oracle-SQL. Or Core Count.
Maybe its an American who wants the NSA to abide by the constitution.
Interesting! Thanks for posting this.
They're using a Xilinx FPGA card, not a GPU. These are two totally different things, though the FGPA card is usually a lot more expensive than any GPU on the market.