skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I've heard people decry OpenSSL and it's various warts (it has many), but as a code base, it's worked well for years across an incredible range of platforms.

That... really depends on what you consider "worked well". Being a cryptography library, I think I could make a strong argument that working well includes a very good track record with regard to exploits. I don't believe OpenSSL exhibits that[1]. Note the number of items that include overflows and memory corruption in that reference. Also note that the first page (50 items, but some just DoS) only takes us back to mid 2014.

> A new and hot language does not make a new implementation any more secure (maybe it has different issues) than one that has been around awhile, had multiple eyes, etc.

That's true. Unfortunately, OpenSSL has proven itself to be a poor choice for a cryptography library for those that value security over performance. We used it because it's what we had that was free and supported what we needed, but we need more competition (which we are finally getting) so people can make decisions based on their priorities, not just the small pool of what's available.

New implementations (by knowledgeable security professionals) are what we need. Whether those are done in C/C++ using more modern techniques, or some other language that can eliminate certain classes of error in some other way is somewhat irrelevant, as long as it works as a library. I suspect that the vast majority of people would take a 50% performance hit if it yielded a library that had only half as many major flaws as we've seen. That we might be able to approach that with much smaller performance loss is exciting.

1: https://www.cvedetails.com/vulnerability-list/vendor_id-217/...
Can you wear a camera and publicly shame those that act like that? Or are there legal issues?
Internet, Websites and Social Media Usage in Seychelles
I can't recommend this book enough. I read it around 9th grade and I've never looked at computers the same. It gives the reader confidence in understanding how these magical machines work from top to bottom. I am seriously emphatic about this book whenever friends ask about how computers work in the slightest. I'm so glad to see it frontpaging HN because of what this book taught me; I hope others will see it here and find it as great as I did
Where can you find it was written by David Allan Coe? Everything I've seen attributes the writing to Waylon.
7 Must-Know Productivity Tips from Startup CEOs
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I'm almost certain it's an immersion heater switch.
This is an idea I have proposed before. A 2D painted kerb that looks 3D when viewed from the perspective of a driver. One response was that it would take a while to adjust road marking standards, etc. I figured it'd be worth a cheap trial with cameras watching car behaviour though.
If you're willing to lose state feedback anyways you can also do this with toggle switches.
19 Awesome Inspirational Quotes – Brian Tracy
no, not with disparate types (maybe if you resort to weird tricks with unsafe). i'd be curious to hear a use-case for this that ends up being different than just 'normal gc allocation' (not doubting you, just curious).
Multi-patterned masks are a big expense both in the manufacture, yield, and design/verification. Really, 10nm and below truly need EUV (we used to call it X-ray lithography, but that was already a decade late so they changed the name) to be commercially viable. It brings the mask layers back down to ~60 from 80 @ 10nm... and I assume triple patterning and techniques beyond at 7nm or 5. The mask production and exposure steps balloon without EUV (not using 193nm ArF with crazy NA immersion tricks), but right now the light sources for EUV aren't bright enough to put wafers through at a reasonable speed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next-generation_lithography

Also, when you need almost zero defects and the costs of low yields are so big, then a lot (20-30%?) of your budget is spent modeling and confirming your design. Then there is the design of the SOC itself, which only makes sense to do at such geometries, if your level of integration is extreme. Once speed and power stoped scaling with geometry (around 55-28nm), the only reason to keep going was integration and $/transistor, but with higher upfront costs you got more to amortize.

Now don't get me wrong, there's good reason to think that 10nm could be a decent node, and finFETs are cool (low leakage and fast). It's just that I suspect multi-wafer stacking is going to give us a big jump too. We may also leave Si behind. But each of these are really separate jumps rather than incremental.

The problem is that the obvious treadmill is over. The returns are less certain, and once the money men figure that out, there won't be $billions to spend every year. That's the real end to semiconductor age.
Move the pan? Turning off the electric burner isn't going to extinguish the fire.
I always read about the latest updates and the best vpn services at https://myipservices.com/vpnrating. There are lots of information and services that relate to the internet anonymity. I think that nowadays it is easy to find open, free and paid vpn. As for me, I prefer paid vpn 'cos it's more reliable. I use ExpressVPN.
5 Steps to Making a Successful Career Change
This is for example still very much with BMW and Audi. And I'm glad they do keep buttons etc around.

The funny thing is that less prestigious brands like Citroen, go all "futuristic", trying to be fancy, and doing so remove all tactile interfaces. It's one of the reasons I would never buy a car like this.
Security of DNS the protocol (and the way it's deployed) is different from not exposing the computer running your DNS server to attacks. This is trying to solve the latter, which seems like a good idea.
(Sorry I didn't reply earlier; was busy today and didn't see this when I skimmed the thread.)

I know this will be disappointing, but no, I think it would be a big mistake to introduce such a rule (that is, to outlaw downvoting for disagreement and say that people must comment instead). The site would be swamped by an avalanche of petty disagreements.

Our goal is to optimize HN for intellectual curiosity, which requires a higher signal/noise ratio. Downvotes dampen low-value comments. I know downvotes do bad things too, but that's the good thing they do, and it's big. Taking that away and/or increasing the noise with a flood of people disagreeing about their disagreements would not be an optimization.

Downvoting does gets used as an outlet for undesirable behaviors, but it's a non sequitur to blame that on downvoting. Those undesirable behaviors are sadly inevitable and will make use of any tool at hand. In my view they do less damage via downvotes than they would otherwise.

A recurring theme in the Perennial Downvote Debate is the idea of having a site where everyone presents their disagreements rationally. That's sadly not possible on the public internet—not even close—so we're not going to risk HN on trying to create it. What we will do is keep looking for incremental improvements. We've found a few (e.g. vouching) in the last couple years, and there are probably more to be found.

Edit: this later comment is relevant here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16131314
Ok, yes it is expensive, but I'm failing to understand how incomes lower than $270,000 are insufficient to cover $6,740 of housing costs. At $270k, even ignoring the large income tax break on mortgage interest, you have $92k/year left over to spend, a pretty large buffer.

Looking at the linked report, it just multiplied the monthly housing costs (for all markets) by 40 to get the minimum annual qualifying income. But how is putting a max of 30% of your income toward housing true everywhere?
That's the actual tool I use! Proper link is now found here, by the way: https://gitgud.io/nixx/WebMConverter

>And if you decide to do it yourself, I don't understand why you'd need to go through an mp4 intermediate.

Screen recording. Although I use a tool that simply records as a .webm ( https://github.com/thetarkus/WebMCam ) Most people aren't going to be installing random Github projects to meet their needs. I doubt many people even know what Github is outside of the tech niche. :P So they record with some other desktop recorder that outputs as a .gif or .mp4/.m4a and then would need to convert from there.

Also Imgur's .gifv wrapper seems to be more widely known than .webm. Which is unfortunate but is the case due to Imgur's popularity.
Your proposal for immediate panic is an unnecessary overreaction.

> it sounds like we don't get faster or cheaper CPUs

The progress in desktop CPUs has been a near-plateau for several years now.

> bigger CPU caches

Diminishing returns have been hit several years ago.

> more CPU cores

Dito for most use cases.

> more RAM

Dito for most use cases.

> better or cheaper GPUs

GPUs have become so fast and cheap that integrated GPUs are good enough for most use cases.

> better/cheaper LED lights or OLED screens

I don't think they are related to the semiconductor nodes of digital logic?

> So the whole show just stops, like a high-speed train hitting a wall.

No, the train has already started slowing down several kilometers away, and most people on it have realized it. There will be no wall-hitting.

> Steel is now a base commodity

Steel may be a commodity, but the steel-using industry (in this analogy, the software industry) is alive and well.

> no one is waiting to upgrade all of their steel structures to some next generation steel alloy that will justify the massive expense of a complete "hardware upgrade."

This is actually a good thing. Besides, the sentiment "no need to optimize, just wait a year and computers will be fast enough" died over ten years ago and was stupid to begin with.

> our global economy seem to be fundamentally dependent on technology consumption cycles stemming from Moore's Law

It's really, really not. At least not outside of the SV-startup-scene cognitive bubble.
Along those lines, the markov chain dota 2 patch notes: https://www.reddit.com/r/DotA2/comments/4fw6gm/how_687_would...

The best part is Valve actually implemented one of them: http://i.imgur.com/Ydim1ui.png
Gist of this, since formatting got screwy: https://gist.github.com/josefdlange/04c9eb14a9ddbdfae8eb2e34...

Seeing the others' answers I don't think matters in this solution.

The strategy -- given that it's allowable to discuss strategy before drawing cards -- is each person has a different modulo result (x) they have to compute the number they must add [to the sum of the other three], (m) in the following algebra. Solve for m to get the suit your should guess.

x = ([sum of others] + m) % 4

Suits:
0: Diamond
1: Heart
2: Club
3: Spade

Example:
[PLAYER]: (SUIT THEY HAVE), (CHOSEN MODULO RESULT)
A: (0) (0)
B: (1) (1)
C: (3) (2)
D: (3) (3)

For A's m: ((1 + 3 + 3) + m) % 4 == 0, therefore m = 1
For B's m: ((0 + 3 + 3) + m) % 4 == 1, therefore m = 3
For C's m: ((0 + 1 + 3) + m) % 4 == 2, therefore m = 2
For D's m: ((0 + 1 + 3) + m) % 4 == 3, therefore m = 3

D guesses correct.

There are many permutations of the drawn cards, but I think this one does solve it. All props to the person up this thread who initially answered the 4-player problem; I'm just explaining their methodology as I understood it.
You'd think it's hard to screw up a rotating knob, but they've found ways to do that as well! When I went shopping for a stove years ago I found out that some have knobs that only go one way, so to switch a burner to max, you have to twist it all the way around. Extremely annoying.

I ended up going to a showroom and twisting all the knobs of all the stoves to find out which ones didn't have that limitation. I must have looked like a crazy person, but I got one I liked in the end.

The stove I ended up buying had one variable-size burner, and that knob had a bounce-back switch at the end, so you have to turn that knob the wrong way around to max it, but I could live with that. Why a regular burner would have the limit beats me. The only thing I could think of would be some sort of extremely crude and ineffective child-protection, but all stoves have a child-lock anyway, so what's the use?
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Volcano – Vir Mini Series
I take photos and send them to 311. Sometimes the report gets marked as "car tagged", but I've never got an answer as whether that's a traffic ticket.
Gotta Catch Them All – Pokemon Clustering in R
Product info on a lot of retail sites in my experience is restricted by legacy databases and info available from the retailer and their 3rd party IT. The website doesn't exist in isolation, as the article mentions, users want to see availability of an item ("only 3 left, order now and don't miss out"). There's your clue there. That data is linked to ordering and logistics data, often for a chain that operates hundreds of shops, including brick and mortar shops. Retailers want _all_ of the inventory available at all times, especially in season driven textile retail. Once the season ends you either sell it at knock down price or discard it.

Transfer of stock between brick and mortar locations and the central warehouse happens. Stock is ordered in 3-6 months in advance. Retailers ideally want zero of an item in inventory when new stock arrives.

The data discussed in the article is part of a much bigger system with integration left and right in a much wider spectrum than is being discussed in the article. Not that that shouldn't spur everyone involved into action; creating the solution that increases sales the most, just that it isn't as easy as this guy makes it out to be.
Some highlighted quotes:

"This year, the company opened a downtown Phoenix office with sales and customer service jobs. “San Francisco is a terrible place for entry-level people,” Mr. Coburn said, because the infrastructure and housing are “failing.”"

"But as the latest exodus gathers steam, these outlying cities hope some of the higher-paying engineering jobs will start moving as well.

“We don’t want to be San Francisco’s back office — we need more creators here,”"

This pretty much summarizes the article. Phoenix isn't yet seeing a mass influx of developer jobs, but it's hoping that because some companies already have offices there for other positions, they'll be able to lure some high-end talent as well.
You can switch to Windows.

There should not be an option, that would almost be worse. If you start messing with the fundamental concept of how the desktop works things become a mess. Options just mean the developer is too afraid to make a choice.
Thanks! I misread the answer and took it for the solution to a different but related puzzle
You can do exactly the same thing in Rust, just not in the same statement as importing the functions (which are just that, importing the functions). I regard this as one of the most powerful parts of Rust: wrapping unsafe code/APIs into safe interfaces without cost.

Also, I think saying that the ATS has no unsafe{} sections is misleading: it isn't explicitly marked in the source, but the compiler still cannot check the "ownership" annotations in the imports are correct, or that, say, the preconditions of the functions (which may lead to undefined behaviour when violated) are satisfied. In other words, all of that code is implicitly surrounded in an `unsafe` block.

A Rust API designed for people to use will also not have unsafe code, e.g. https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/04/24/Rust-Once-Run-Everywhe...

(The linearity is essentially handled by destructors: the common case is the clean-up is just that, clean-up, and so destructors work well. It is definitely more annoying to 100%-type-check APIs that have more interesting clean-up/closing procedures but these are rarer.)
No prob! Thanks for receiving the point.
I love this! I've been staring at it (on and off) most of the day, trying to understand what's going on. I see that the compiler has changed the order of execution of "add r14, 1". Would that be to avoid stalling the pipeline due to several rax-intensive instructions bunched together ("data hazard")? Would you be able to elaborate more on what's going on with the code and why it's smart?
I lived in Phoenix area for almost 20 years.

As Andrew Ross writes, Phoenix is one of the least sustainable cities in the world (1).

Flowing from its corrupt politics and supply-side economics, I suspect AZ will go the same way (for some of the same reasons) as Sam Browback's Kansas / Bobby Jindal's Louisiana with huge structural revenue deficits.

(1) https://www.amazon.com/Bird-Fire-Lessons-Worlds-Sustainable/...
The consumer doesn't want it?

I don't have anything IoT in my home. Why spend hundreds/thousands to: replace my thermostat with an app, make all of my lights remote controlled, motorize my blinds, and what else is there?

It's just spending a lot of money and time for hardly any perceived advantage. Combine this with the fact the average consumer is very cash-strapped in these times.
Night desert heat is a... unique experience that I too find enjoyable, but your air conditioner is running 24/7 to keep the house below 80. And in Phoenix, there is not enough night activities and/or legit nightlife to take advantage of pleasant nights as opposed to oppressive days.

Scottsdale or Tempe may be a different story, but then you're driving anyway. Or you do live within walking distance, but then you're no longer paying Phoenix rents.
>Why wouldn't you wear a helmet as a cyclist anyway?

Because a dinky bicycle helmet won't change anything if you are hit by a car. Even a motorcycle helmet won't help. The only time a helmet helps is in low speed accidents.
Ask HN: How to find a topic and motivation for a side project?
I'm 27, I'm a SW Engineer and I have some experience also as a Data Scientist. I know how to create webservices, android apps and I have knowledge about artificial intelligence (I have a master degree in this area).

I have the feeling that I have a wide knowledge of a lot of tools, and somehow I would like to do something that is mine, but I struggle to find the project where to apply them and the motivation to keep working on my own for a long time.

Any advice of how to find the topic and motivation? How did you start yours?
Brain-teasers transcribed by NSA employees
Moderation is guesswork.
I am a business user that needs to use generated sql. Unfortunately, there are few column names that needs to be changed everytime. This is an easy job for a pyton script, but those kind of things are bad in work environments, I cannot assume the guy after me knows python. That's why I am always happy to pay for software when it comes to business environments - you know you will have a good UI (if you choose well and stay away from oracle) and possibly good support.
"GPUs have become so fast and cheap that integrated GPUs are good enough for most use cases."

Except for realistic VR I'd argue, this will be an issue.
No, I'm not describing the Innovator's Dilemma. That's essentially the problem of getting stuck in a local maxima and the need to take a temporary loss to find a bigger hill, so to speak. I was instead trying to describe the troubles of maintaining an old system. They're intricate and all fixes must be hot-patched. Now, if you could just reboot...

For example, suppose you're at a large enterprise that has a silly expense policy involving taping physical receipts to a standard size paper, one receipt per page, then mailing the packet to India, where the pages get scanned and sent to the accounting department, which meticulously compares the receipts against the Excel spreadsheet you filled out and submitted via VBA macros (yes, this is a true story). How easy would that be to change? Compare that experience with working at a 20-person company and asking the accountant if she doesn't mind using Expensify.

Saying that a big company is hard to change isn't necessarily an accusation that the CEO is myopic.

As for what McClure meant by saying public companies will be disrupted... I'm not really sure, since he also contradicted himself saying that they'll purchase their potential disruptors. Perhaps he meant that large enterprises which do not acquire new companies will be out-competed by those who do. That's somewhat of an interesting assertion, but I don't know of any large enterprise that has only an M&A team or an R&D team. They all have both.
Are there any puzzles that help you master "plausible deniability" much better ?
Ok. Granted, that's quite smart.
Matrices and vectors can be thought of as typed by dimension[0], and it's easy to get that wrong. (I want to say c++'s eigen can do some compile-time checks if it has the dimensions available).

[0] In some languages, like older versions of pascal, arrays of different lengths were different types, which was a horror for writing generic code.
Not to nitpick, but I'm fairly certain that when using mount units, systemd is directly calling mount(2), eschewing use of mount(8).

edit: I also want to say until somewhat recently, systemd's mount units were just a wrapper around mount(8), but could be completely mistaken.
From my recollections (I read through the whole series about a year ago), there was plenty of rum involved... If the amounts of alcohol that nearly everyone was drinking at all times is accurate, they would be considered complete, irredeemable alcoholics today.

Of course, Maturin is up there with Sherlock in the list of high-functioning literary drug addicts.
The 40x rule is actually a decent guideline in most housing markets in the US.
With Firefox you can just press Ctrl+I and find the video in the media tab. No need for Add-ons or external tools.
vMotion is cool, but it works on isolated VMs, which is an easier job than migrating an application running on a desktop and integrated with the rest of the system (unless you completely isolate all applications like on the mobile OSs, but then you lose other things).
I seem to remember a trial which was piloted in London (UK) a few years back which permitted a cyclist to go through a red light if turning left. Can anyone shed any light on how this worked out?