skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There was a similar controversy with NYPD issuing parking tickets illegally for parking in front of sidewalk pedestrian ramps that are not at crosswalks. The most ticketed one collected $48,000 in parking tickets over 2.5 years despite actually being a legal spot.

http://iquantny.tumblr.com/post/144197004989/the-nypd-was-sy...
I am curious, what does the practical test consist of?
I've worked in the NHS, for several different organisations at different levels of the hierarchy (PCTs, SHAs, CCGs etc), as a contractor, over several years.

I would privatise it tomorrow. The amount of waste in terms of time and money were eye-watering, every time. The amount of politicking was immense. A project that should take a few weeks could easily expand into a couple of years. I resigned from my last contract because it actually felt immoral to be taking a large amount of cash to either sit around twiddling my thumbs, fight with people, or do work at the slowest possible pace in the most ineffective way. I'd rather do something else. Basically, I've never worked for a private company that was anything like that, even the worst ones, and I find it hard to believe any private company would survive very long working that way.

I'll add, my Japanese girlfriend and her friends are utterly unimpressed with the level of service. As was my Spanish girlfriend, who also worked on a hospital's grounds as a medical researcher.

I'm not saying we should copy the Americans, no way, but the Japanese system is private, the German system is private, the Dutch and French systems are also private. Going private does not mean chucking the idea of universal healthcare on the fire, it means properly separating the regulator from the provider and removing the kind of conflict of interest that led to the cover up of high mortality rates, among other things. There is more than one way to skin a cat.

And no, I'm not a Tory. Try picking up a copy of Private Eye if you want to divest yourself of the notion that the NHS is a saintly institution. Or work there.
I've recently discovered Markdown-plus. It is so much nicer (for me) to use than Confluence. It uses mermaid for it's diagramming. The ability to generate my diagrams from code like markdown is huge for me. I can share everything through github with my team like I do code. I paid $15 for the OS X app, but I'm pretty sure it's all free in other forms.
And this is all reasonable advice. If the nurse or helpline or pharmacy can help - great. If not, they will escalate
Medicare, Medicaid and the must stabilize mandate for ERs are underfunded.

It's one of the reasons that out of pocket costs are so high.
We should just reject github and watch how fast they roll out a self-hosted version almost nobody wants to host themselves.

Today's open source alternatives will be followed by endless more experiments in building a better github, hard to imagine someone "never" nailing it let alone "never" being handed it on a platter because the first website in history annoyed too many of their users at once at just the right time.

Going open source wouldn't have saved digg after everyone decided to break their old routine. They had nearly identical open source competitors with variations of their own interface all along, even direct clones.

None of their customers ever needed it or benefited from it being a proprietary service either. It's probably a lot more important to Gitlab than Github.
This is orthogonal to
parametric polymorphism

Higher-rank types are not orthogonal to parametric polymorphism, instead they are a special case. You can see this when you realise that rank-k polymorphism is a subsystem of System F (the paradigmatic typing system for parametric polymorphism) for any k. The let-polymorphism of the ML-family is just rank-1. See Chapters 22 and 23 of Pierce's great "Types and Programming Languages".

Higher-kinded types are
problematic for inference

That is true, but already type inference for rank-3 polymorphism is undeciable, and the same is true for System F polymorphism.

In practise, Haskell needs only few kind-annotations to make kind inference possible. This is helped by unannotated kind variables having kind * in Haskell (IIRC).
Olympians struggle to adjust to life beyond the rings
Device Bit Rates Over Time
To add to this, certain professions in healthcare receive free education because there's such a large demand. My cousin is a radiologist and paid nothing for her degree (or rather the NHS paid for it).
"We may now be living in a “golden age” where, in spite of the world-wide feeling of malaise, the quality of life is, on the average, higher than ever before in history and higher now than the future offers."
There's no assumption that all students will need or want to learn how to drive, so it's not a part of any standard curriculum; you pass the exam and get a driving licence when and if you're ready for that.

Many do it soon after they can, many do it later as adults, and many never do. In UK only ~35% of adults aged 17-20 and ~65% of 20-29 have a driving licence; I assume that this is a bit different in USA.
The law in your second link explicitly spells out that this is only valid as long as there is no "justified interest" of one of the people visible that the image isn't published. Which is a pretty serious limitation, and basically means you have to review and judge every image individually. In practice it's explicitly not "happened in public, no expectation of privacy".

If you pay some attention you're probably going to be ok, but the "probably" is the annoying thing for individual actors. (E.g. I think Google lost a few lawsuits in Europe and Canada due to people being recognizable even with their face blurred. Annoying and expensive for Google, a criminal conviction and really expensive if it successfully hits an individual.)

Good thing for an open, collaborative project is that you are not Google and can be more aggressive with filtering questionable images. Google seemed to value having complete coverage of areas quite a bit, open projects don't have to as much. Some data is better than none, and holes can be closed later, step by step.
The story of the slowest athletes at the Rio Olympics, and why they compete
Oh wow thanks, good to know there's a name for this idea with some amount of thought put into it. Might have to binge on cosmic megastructures reading.
Excerpts from Sean T. Allen, on the pony+user mailing list:

"tl;dr: Pony is doing fine and growing as a community.

"Shortly after Causality shut down, a core Pony team was formed to help drive the language forward. I'm a founding member of that core team. During the last few months, we've seen the Pony community expand in a very encouraging way. We are slowly but surely gaining contributors on a regular basis. I'm more hopeful about the future of Pony now than I was at the beginning of the year.

"The future health and strength of Pony won't come from a company trying to sell commercial support for it. It will come from each of you, the members of the Pony community. It will come from you telling others about the advantages that Pony brings to the table. It will come from you opening issues. It will come from you contributing code. It will come from you contributing to the RFC process. It will come from you contributing documentation.

"Fear not, we aren't going anywhere. We are just getting started. If you are interested in contributing but don't know how, drop me a line."
> Higher-rank types are not orthogonal to parametric polymorphism, instead it's a special case.

Errr, sorry, I only saw “higher-kinded”, not “higher-ranked”. But, of course, you are right.

> That is true, but already type inference for rank-3 polymorphism is undeciable, hence also System F polymorphism.

Let polymorphism covers 95% of what most programmers need. So if a language designer feels particularly risk-averse (a perfectly legitimate position), they can provide just let polymorphism and ML-style type inference, and then call it a day.

Of course, higher-ranked polymorphism is a nice thing to have, and you can require type annotations when you use more (as Haskell does).

> In practise, Haskell needs only few kind-annotations to make kind inference possible.

A more serious problem with higher-kinded types IMO is that they wouldn't interact very well with an ML-style module system, where you can define an abstract type whose internal implementation is a synonym. `newtype` is an ugly hack.
That depends on your socio economic status. If you're rich, the service is unbelievably good, if not, it's not. You can't treat figures about the US the same way while ignoring the massive inequalities.
I wrote a pretty decent reply to this, then realized that posting it here would be utterly self-defeating. The double standard you're pushing here is disgusting, and you know it. Time to find a less negative programming community, or one that's at least a touch self-aware.
Better, I wouldn't call it elegant though. But better than other Lisp example in this thread.

Though realistically you're destructuring in the same way just with implicit vs explicit structure.

Practically speaking there's no difference but CL has a less clear syntax.
In Cincinnati, many of our crosswalk buttons at intersections that trigger automatically, which are most of them, have small signs "push button for audio only."
What kind of trivial are we talking about? i went with concerns about changes to my bowel habits and the GP had me to a specialist with a camera up my arse within two weeks.
There are much more robust and advanced programming languages with native code compilers, imperative programming support and decent code performance - e.g. OCaml.
It's NASA, not Nasa.
The bit about regaining bladder and bowel control is particularly interesting as this wasn't part of the thing the exoskeleton would have simulated.
The question of whether randomized testing or program analysis gives you more coverage of a program is a really interesting one. Böhme actually has an earlier paper that addresses this question: https://www.comp.nus.edu.sg/~mboehme/paper/FSE14.pdf

> We study the relative efficiencies of the random and systematic approaches to automated software testing. Using a simple but realistic set of assumptions, we propose a general model for software testing and define sampling strategies for random (R) and systematic (S₀) testing, where each sampling is associated with a sampling cost: 1 and c units of time, respectively. The two most important goals of software testing are: (i) achieving in minimal time a given degree of confidence x in a program's correctness and (ii) discovering a maximal number of errors within a given time bound n̂. For both (i) and (ii), we show that there exists a bound on c beyond which R performs better than S₀ on the average. Moreover for (i), this bound depends asymptotically only on x. We also show that the efficiency of R can be fitted to the exponential curve. Using these results we design a hybrid strategy H that starts with R and switches to S₀ when S₀ is expected to discover more errors per unit time. In our experiments we find that H performs similarly or better than the most efficient of both and that S₀ may need to be significantly faster than our bounds suggest to retain efficiency over R.

Also, for (say) C programs of moderate size, I believe current program analysis techniques do not achieve anything near 100% branch coverage. In the KLEE paper they manage to get ~90% on average for the GNU coreutils using concolic execution – which is really impressive! But the coreutils are tiny programs. For larger programs the cost of symbolic execution is high and random testing can often get you more bugs faster.
> Like european countries (Japan also I guess) where you don't have a barrier entering the subway where it is verified if you paid the ticket. Only randomized sample checking.

In the UK, this seems to vary significantly by the area and type of service. The London Underground and most National Rail services have barriers by the entrances to stations, but the DLR doesn't (unless it shares the building with one of the former types). Seems we need them too, since there are quite a few that like trying to get in without paying.

Pretty sure that's the case with a lot of other transport services too, with the exception of buses.

So I don't think it's as much of a societal trust thing. Quite a lot richer countries have stuff like this as well.
> but as long as doctors want to work for the NHS

Current under-funding of the NHS means there's a shortage of consultants (especially in A&E and mental health) and a shortage of nurses.

Some A&E units are being downgraded and closed at night because of these shortages of staff.
Maybe five, ten, twenty years ago traffic signal buttons in NYC were an everyday sight, but they are increasingly further and fewer between. Taking the article's 100 functioning + 1000 non-functioning buttons at face value, combined with the fact that there are ~12,000 signalized intersections in NYC [1], means that it is likely that less than 2-5% of the crosswalks in NYC have buttons.

A fully equipped traditional "+" shaped intersection would have 4 crosswalks and 8 buttons, so 1100/(12000 * 2 to 8) = 1% to 5% of crosswalks could have buttons.

NYC gets a lot of grief for decrepit infrastructure, but this is an area where they have actually started to remove the unused stuff.

[1] http://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/infrastructure/signals.shtm...
Yeah, over TLS, and I generally presume that a simple request for a package won't be logged and recorded for posterity.
Lady's bedstraw herb
How much of that inefficiency was caused by the part-privatisation? Much much paperwork is caused by the inefficient but politically-attractive internal market successive governments have tried to set up.
https://vimeo.com/179657120
The claims you are making are stronger than the claims made by that paper (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763416...). First, the paper does not claim that cortisol production is related to psychosis. Instead, it measures the degree to which cortisol levels increase immediately upon awakening (cortisol awakening response or CAR), and specifically notes that CAR necessarily related to overall cortisol levels, but suggests that it may be related to hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function. It finds that CAR is blunted in patients with schizophrenia and first episode psychosis.

However, it is not clear whether the changes in CAR are causal or symptomatic. For example, psychosis might lead to a disrupted wake-sleep cycle, which could then lead to blunted CAR. To determine whether there is a causal effect, you'd need to perform a longitudinal study, measuring CAR in patients who are at first normal but some of whom later go on to develop a psychosis, and show that the CAR differences predate the development of psychotic symptoms, instead of developing later. The paper notes that such longitudinal studies are "clearly needed."

Mental illness is complicated. While it can clearly be explained scientifically, if the answer were easy, we would have found it by now. With that said, existing treatments have been shown to improve outcomes in double-blind placebo-controlled studies, even if we can't fully explain why, and that is why they are used. There are certainly problems with these treatments: They don't work for many patients and they often have undesirable side effects. But overall, we know that they help people, which is why we use them.

There are undoubtedly better treatments out there, but either they haven't been discovered yet or they haven't been proven to help. There is no nefarious motive behind sticking to the status quo. Researchers know that, if they were to publish a paper showing spectacular results from a treatment with few side effects, it would be great for the people they're trying to help, and also for them and their career. Instead, people stick to the status quo because, historically, alternative treatments have not been as effective.
Health data, including imaging and genomics, should be held by third party custodians and delivered as needed to registered providers. The data can be handled by the provider's viewing system. The cost can be covered by charging the system providing the care a fee: part transmission, part long-term storage.

This is already starting to happen, but is still regionalized and very fragmented.
Why does the site idiotically DISABLE ZOOMING on mobile browsers?
> Secondly, there is a common myth among programmers that assembly language is very hard to use and that it takes much longer to code the same program in assembly language than in a HLL. [...] An experienced assembly language programmer can and does code as fast in assembly language as an experienced C programmer does in C. It is simply a matter of familiarity.

I don't really understand this argument. If a few lines of c can generate dozens of lines of assembly, how can it not be faster to have the compiler write assembly for you?
In psychophysics we either use the median for reaction times (Gamma distribution) or we normalize with something like the logarithm.

I think some of the techniques might be applicable to system performance analysis, so I submit the following introductory publication, in case any are interested [0].

[0] http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1077...
"Like lambdas, it can be a complicated concept to learn, but once you unlock this in you code, you write less code and accomplish more"

With the caveat that anyone who may be maintaining/using/enhancing your code will also need to be able to "unlock" this. Keeping the language simpler has benefits beyond the initial code development.
Upriver – effortlessly sync your GitHub repositories with upstream
Is there are formal defintion of the format anywhere?
Report on Facebook is such a frustrating experience.

For example, reporting a spam post in a neighborhood group.

> Dropdown > Report Post > It's spam > Continue > Mark this post as spam and/or Report to admin > Done

> How was your experience getting help with this issue?

I would pick happy if it were 2 clicks instead of 7...

> Spam post is still displayed...

I've reported hundreds of posts but it doesn't seem to be actually acknowledged by a human.

Now, on the other hand, Instagram very recently (maybe last month) drastically simplified their reporting + blocking flow down to a small number of steps. It's very nice, and you get feedback of the spam comments and follows being hidden immediately.
This is indeed a classic tactic, but I'm surprised you refer to it as "neoliberal". Deregulation, privatization, and "Starve the beast" have been conservative platforms since Reagan.
Exactly, with the added insult of ad hoc justification.
Yes, and C isn't even particularly high level.
I've got to argue with that. If it's important, you can get to see a specialist in less than two weeks, at least in Scotland, and that was for something classified as "mental health" in my case. If it's something you can manage on your own for a while before seeing a doctor, yes, you get stuck on a waiting list.
Show HN: lickcreator – Web based guitar TAB
Maybe mysterious was the wrong word. Saying the issue is "cultural" is, imo, a bit of a dog whistle. Conceptually it acts like a black box, and it evokes solutions like "exporting our culture", and ties the bad in their society with their essence rather than their circumstances. This is why I don't like it.

I didn't mean to chastise you, I think you're one of the best posters around here. Insofar society and culture are used interchangeably, there's no issue with anything you said. Insofar "culture" is a polite way of talking about race, it can can be pretty bad.
The majority of the schools in the US no longer offer driver's ed either.
On the other hand, who knows? Has there been a time when people where not generally trained from infancy to believe fallacy?
>My girlfriend did a lot of damage to her mitochondria with cocaine.

I'm familiar with the literature linking cocaine use to altered (often pathological) mitochondrial function. I wonder, though, how did you determine that your girlfriend had mitochondrial damage?

Again, I understand that cocaine causes such damage, but my question pertains to how you evaluated her specific case.
I don't know how you would handle all the banking websites that simply break or log you out if you accidentally go back a page.
OCaml and Haskell build self-contained binaries, and have done for decades. OCaml has very fast compile times, and an ordinary C-like linking system. You can even directly link C *.o files. Go certainly isn't "innovative" here.
It isn't part of the curriculum for (at least most) US schools either. Some schools offer it as an elective or after school program, but that's it.
As a sysadmin busy automating my own job (perhaps a "devop", but the developers in my organization - a tiny minority - use a different infrastructure), it appears the only roadblock to being automated away is #6 - clear rules for how to proceed. Yet my worst worry is my difficulty communicating to my team when to automate and when not.
Looking at things people write in Go, I can't shake the feeling Go is a new /bin/sh with xinetd built in.
I didn't really put my point across properly. Separation is important so citizens in each country can tailor services to their specific needs but data sharing should still be possible and automatic.
> it's silly to claim that anybody should be allowed to organize anything anywhere without regard for the neighbors, safety of visitors or work load of emergency services.

I don't think anyone is arguing in favor of that. My experience in Berlin has been that a lot more is allowed than in other cities I've experienced, but within reasonable boundaries. And I think that's a wonderful thing. Here in Holland I feel like the state is an overprotective parent. We shouldn't obsess over safety at the expense of living.
Or, you know, we could actually learn something in accordance with the nice pay most of us get.
provide just let polymorphism
and ML-style type inference

I mostly agree with this, and this should be the default starting point for any new programming language. If B. Eich had built Javascript on this basis, the world would have been a better place.

My main caveat would be that even a basic language needs a mechanism to glue related code together, objects, modules, structs with row-typing, existentials, not sure. But something.
That synopsis doesn't sound very nefarious. Does the book recommend sabotage as a technique?
In Ohio, it consists of about 10-15 minutes of driving around public roads following the instructions followed by a parallel parking test using cones. Most other states are pretty similar.
It seems like relevant context to include the countries at hand, for example, if their government structures, censorship levels, or corruption vary significantly.
I have to disagree with this. If there were no private hospitals this might hold true, but as it is the better off will continue to pay for their expensive treatment, keeping the economic incentive for doctors, while the poor will at least have basic treatment available (at no cost, no less).

As for comparing rare disease treatment, I can't say but would like to see some more information.
Oppo, BBK, Bubugao, Vivo, Oneplus are the same company
She had two options: go through the GP-based system where treatment can take anything from days to months, or take the initiative by jumping the line and go to A&E.

Going to A&E is like having your tech support handled by engineers. Going through the GP system is like calling a support line. She got a positive outcome because she went with the option that costs the most.

I'm pointing this out as someone who has gone through both methods. Don't believe the hype that you read about the NHS. It's good to have, but it's not amazing and if everyone went through A&E, the system would probably collapse.