skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
What evidence is there for another NSA hacker? Proof by narrative. The narrative says that the NSA is impenetrable, except for inside threats. Therefore it was an inside threat.

Proof by narrative is the slippery slope whereby the state becomes a religion.

It's borrowed from religion and used in the modern state. In the old testament, whenever the chosen people were defeated, the only reason could be that someone was making sacrifices to the wrong god somewhere. The proof was that god would have been with them on the battlefield otherwise.

It's why, in Stalinist show trials, political enemies are made to confess for crimes of sabotaging production, because the narrative says that the production process is perfect in the Soviet Union and the only way that quotas would fail to be met is because of reactionary saboteurs. Fallacious or not, each additional conviction reinforces the state's narrative.
I assume they're either using USB headphones or some other case of having multiple audio output devices, like my desktop with onboard sound and a separate PCI sound card.
Except ALSA cannot do everything that PA does. ALSA is low-level Linux sound API that PA builds on. Read the post above, it explains the difference.

Basically, if you want multiple sounds playing at the same time (e.g. music + desktop notifications) and you don't have hardware mixer (many common sound chips don't and rely on Windows drivers/sound system to provide the functionality), you are out of luck (no, the ancient dmix plugin is not a solution!). Bluetooth audio (headsets) doesn't really work without PA.

Configuring apps to use different devices (music should go to speakers and video conferencing to a headset ...) is a pain without PA - most applications don't let you select the input/output devices.

And many other things. ALSA is good, but without PA the sound support on a modern Linux desktop would be stuck right in the late 90s. Is it necessary? Not strictly, but it is one heck of a convenience that most don't even realize they have.

Here is a good post from 2008 explaining many of the issues PulseAudio solves and addressing some of the old FUD:

http://0pointer.de/blog/projects/jeffrey-stedfast.html

Unfortunately, there are tons of people with strong opinions about both PA and systemd but very little actual knowledge about what these components do and what issues they address in a modern Linux/Unix system. But that doesn't prevent them from spreading BS FUD and conspiracies about this or that group trying to dominate the market or take over the competing Linux distros.
Wordfreq 1.5: More data, more languages, more accuracy
Honest question, why would one need another layer of PA in linux if alsa does mixing just fine. I've heard PA is useful for bluetooth devices. Any reason why it's needed beside that?
Depends on the rake system, in timed games this is the case but more common they take it from the pot so only the winner pays. But typically you win some pots even in a losing session so it's a pedantic point.
Svetlana Alexievich Grapples with Putin’s Russia
Follow-up: a ticket seems to be your best recourse. I'm not sure anything can be done, but letting the Cloud billing team know your specific card is having problems may allow them to fix it.

This can actually be a hard problem as some banks/issuers intermix prepaid and normal credit cards BINs (and I'm sure there are other issues I don't know about)
Cdist 4.3.1 has been released
No, it really isn't
1. You are more capable then you give yourself credit for.

2. Run your own race. Don't worry about where other people are.

3. Ignorance is a prerequisite for learning. Cultivate ignorance.
to get [a] coffee
Grade.js JavaScript library produces complimentary gradients
Don't date that one girl.

Quit trying to be productive every minute.
The longer the russian's know or have the exploits without the NSA knowing they've been compromised, the longer they can hold it against them. -- Imagine you've hacked a bank network vs robbing a single bank, and every week you take 1 penny from all users without anyone knowing, and do this for 3+ years... you'd get a lot more than a one-off bank robbery... That's the long game that Russia would play - milk it for every ounce of use, and keep it totally secret.

They get nothing from exposing it, hacktivists on the other hand get a lot more, and are more boastful about their exploits.
That does not apply to non 3.5mm headphones and even those are software driven now in many notebooks.
Pulseaudio was forced down people's throats too early by making it the default in Ubuntu and Fedora. People are still bitter about this. That's your "reasons". If these people were still using some godawful combination of ALSA, eSound, OSS and jackd to do things sound-related nowadays they would be complaining just as loudly about that audio stack.
Ask HN: What email newsletters are you subscribed to?
Hi everyone!

I'm exploring information consumption methods alternative to scroll-and-click ones, promoted by social networks, etc. My goal is to reduce time spent on pointless lurking in the Facebook (Twitter, etc.) feed, and hence to get rid of energy sucking habits.

Currently, I'm trying to avoid using a browser for the most information consumption activities. I want to achieve this by subscribing to email digests, and thus to read news from a mail client once in a day. My hypothesis is that such form of news-reading will transform bad habit into a less stressful routine.

So, HN people, can someone suggest good digests? Or just discuss news-reading issues here: who knows, maybe I'm chasing the carrot, and there're no hacks around it, except self-discipline.

P.S. I don't use GMail, so services that work only with Google are not the option.

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> If your audio chipset doesn't have a hardware mixer, and about of half of laptop chipsets don't, then you can't play more than one stream at a time.

Not true. ALSA with dmix can do software mixing, and dmix is enabled by default.

I also really miss ESD, which also enabled software mixing (this was before dmix) but was far simpler and wasn't this over-complicated mess like PulseAudio.
Look at sndio if you want to see how sound should be done. Excusing the horrible mess pulseaudio is with the horrible state of Linux Audio doesn't cut it, when OpenBSD has been offering a superior and simpler alternative for years!

It doesn't reinvent the wheel and for anything more complex you can always use JACK, like if you really want to go low-latency.
A Founder's Guide to Liquidation Preferences
> But how do you leave a toaster on when nobody's home?

Start toast, go and grab the mail, get distracted by a neighbor, forget about the toast, go over to look at their new riding lawnmower.

> And it's possible for a toaster to detect burning without requiring an internet connection.

Nothing about the scenarios I described would require an internet connection for anything but communicating outside the house (e.g. phone notifications).
DK might also be Dunning-Kruger.
Taxes reduce profits (and losses) but don't change a profit into a loss.

At least, not by the usual standard for "making money day trading", which ignores fixed, nondeductible costs like rent.
> Rent and invest in something more diversified? Crazy talk.

This seems like pie-in-the-sky talk from high-income earners.

It's not like people are just freely choosing to invest in a house over other investments. Instead, since they have to pay for housing no matter what, they are trying to mitigate loss, if not make a return, on the sunk cost of dwelling. If they are renting, they don't have "extra" money that they can arbitrarily put towards whatever they choose.

I don't know the population breakdown in San Francisco, but I would bet that the majority are not developers. Most Americans live paycheck to paycheck and have very little savings. Their house is the single largest store of wealth for people in America.

If they do have savings, it's likely to be in an IRA or a 401k, so they aren't free to apply that to whatever area of investment they like, either.
"We all want exact same thing" - May be, but not every one want that 'same thing' to the same degree. Any commendable achievement in one field is often at the expense of something else.

May be I want to become rich, may be I want to become powerful. But I may also want to watch GOT once again, I may also want to do nothing, I may want to travel the world, I may want to see my children grow, I may also want to be alongside my parents when they need me in their loneliest days.

True, all of us want the exact thing. But the real question is what are the things that are most important. You may have to pick some and ignore some. It is here the difference arise.

And I strongly believe it is foolish to compare my path with that of the other, when their priorities, instincts, skills, context etc are different from that of me.

If there is no comparison, there is no mediocrity.

True I can compare my wealth with that of the other. I can compare my 'power' with that of the other. But how can I compare my happiness with that of the other. How can i compare my content with that of the other. How can I compare my creative satisfaction with that of the other.

When I can compare each and every one of those things against those people around, I may be ready to do that comparison and accept mediocrity.
I have a love-hate relationship with PulseAudio, and it seems others do too.

It makes sense to have some user-space audio layer. Software mixing, sample rate conversion, and a few other things just make sense in user space, and we can expose only bona fide hardware capabilities through the device interface. Of course, most desktop audio chipsets have hardware mixing, which means that most people think that you can just use OSS (or ALSA on Linux), and it will work. It just doesn't work on everybody's hardware.

In short, there's a hardware jungle out there and software layers like PulseAudio smooth over the differences. It's a shame that it doesn't always work well, and most people think PulseAudio is the source of the problem because most people have hardware mixers.

By comparison, if you just use OSS (or ALSA on Linux) on my computer you might see that incredibly basic features like volume control or the ability to play audio from multple apps don't even work without PulseAudio.
"The NSA is impenetrable" is not and was not the prevailing narrative, to say the least.
While I advocate hacking Atom, I don't advocate actually using the plugin the tutorial teaches you to make as-is! A safer bet is Sourcerer (https://atom.io/packages/sourcerer) - it's got some neat features like previewing snippets and attributing credit to the SO author through added comments. I always thought of this plugin as an educational tool for learning new languages, rather than something to be used regularly when building real software. That said, So many of us use StackOverflow to find library/API examples, and this is a nice shortcut! I think that this is generally safe for finding one-line examples and shorter snippets, where it's easy to read and understand what the code does.

Before switching to Atom, I used vim and Sublime Text. The thing I enjoyed most about both of these editors was extending them with plugins. I think it's important to customise and personalise your editor because it's one of the few tools we use the most as developers, and any tweak/feature that saves us time doing a particular task means a great deal in the long term. I chose to switch to Atom because it's an editor designed around being easy to extend and customise - anyone who has done any web/Node development can dive right in. There are already nearly 5000 packages and themes available, and so far I found it much more open and easier to develop for than both Sublime and Vim.
Overselling A.D.H.D.: A New Book Exposes Big Pharma’s Role
1.-Workout and keep that habit for the rest of your life. It will help you with your self-esteem, health, dating and will keep you living and looking younger.

2.-Do not be afraid to talk to girls and be confident.if there is anything girls do not like is guys who are not confident.

3.-Don't waste your time. You can never get back time. Finish school or find something that you are good at and turn in into your career.

4.-Don't expect life to be easy there will be ups and downs. always realize that the good times will turn into bad times and viceversa
> Shorting has asymmetric risk.

Shorting is perfectly symmetric with longing (except linguistically -- because "shorting" is perfectly normal, but "longing" not): in the former you have unlimited downside risk and limited upside set by the price at which you sold, in the latter you have unlimited upside potential and limited downside set by the price at which you bought.
This is news to me. What happens if the banks don't meet their collateral requirements? A fine?

Secondly, I assume this will cause interest rates to go up as a way for banks to incentivise people to save money?
I think it helps to already have a good history / portfolio. With my 3 years of remote working experience, I think the initial low paying struggle is more of an investment for the future better clients and money.

I now have a pretty good reputation on Upwork and get a lot of work from there.

Also, giving talks at relevant tech meetups and having Youtube videos for those helps in getting leads.
> We are still investigating network connectivity issues for a subset of instances that have not automatically recovered. We will provide another status update by 09:00 US/Pacific.

Sometimes they do. If enough customers are affected, Amazon is "required" to disclose. The number, however, has never been disclosed to the public so we don't know the rubric. I have seen announcement about partial AZ failures myself.

Google doesn't say how many customers and how many instances are affected by this, so I will take it as a partial AZ / DC failure (a good number of racks are having issues).
What doesn't make sense about the staging server idea, which seems to mean a command and control server, is why there would be a bunch of different tools for unrelated exploits on the same server.
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You are probably better off than 95% of the population of your country. You can have a roof over your head, and food in your belly, for less than $20k per year. Surely you have enough confidence in your skills that you should be able to manage this salary?
Taxes are different. Taxes won't make a winning position a losing one, but commission very easily can. That is because taxes are on profit. Small profit => small tax and large profit => large tax, but that will not turn a winning position into a losing one.
For the curious, we do use this for people after cardiac arrest without excellent neurological status. Sort of busy at the moment so don't want to try to turn this into an AMA (plus, I just use it, it's not my area of research). But, it's used, even if data is needed.
I'm a Sr. full Stack Dev for a company in NY. I make 190k working from home (in FL).
to get a [cup of] coffee
Area VC Decries Bubble Talk by Decrying Another Bubble with Talk
Your proposal leads to great inefficiencies in the market though. What exactly are those TV stations using that VHF spectrum for right now? Nothing. They switched to digital broadcasts years ago.

And it doesn't make using the spectrum (cell phone service) far more expensive than it would otherwise would be. It makes it the correct market rate by making the telecoms figure out how to properly spend the right price on spectrum and infrastructure to be profitable given the market price of cell phone service. You need no better example of that than the current cell phone wars in the US - Sprint and T-Mobile provide cut-rate prices to get customers, prices that AT&T and Verizon need to match.
If you're Reuters and paid to gas-light the American people it is.
As a BC resident, I'd stay away. Finding a job here is going to be much more difficult (our tech scene is 4th in the country behind Ontario, Quebec, and Alberta). The cost of living vs salary ratio is even worse here than it is in Toronto, too.
> Condos can be dangerous. One second you're enjoying your nice condo, the next you're paying your $15k share of the repair cost of the buildings elevator.

Isn't the same true of houses? Don't you have to pay for roofs, water heaters, air conditioners, etc?
This is all smoke and mirrors.

The DNC is claiming a Russian Hack with wonderful support from the media. Reuters, for instance, gave over $1m to the Clinton Foundation.

When the FBI accused the N. Koreans of the Sony hack, at least there was some credible evidence conjoured up. Obama used an executive order to apply more sanctions on NK even though there were voices saying it was still inconclusive.

But now we are expected to believe the DNC has been hacked by the Russians in partnership with Trump.

Seth Rich, supposed DNC leaker gets shot in the back.

And now this.

The DNC stabs Russia in the back - Bill was happy to accept $500,000 for a speech in Moscow and the Clinton Foundation $millions just before Hillary authorized a major Uranium deal.

I sound crazed writing this, like I'm something from InfoWars. This election cycle is standing the world on its head. Be very careful who you believe.
Wait 6 months to buy that condo. The market is about to crater.
Pretty much. You can even send the audio from different applications to different audio devices on the fly, which is something that Windows 7 can't do by itself (you have to change the default audio output before starting each application).
I go on vacation to get away from all these boneheaded idiots, not to meet even more of them!
Recruiting 2.0
I don't think an operator just dumping a large cache of tools and leaving it behind is far-fetched. People are lazy and make mistakes.
> Apple could work on and execute the backdoor internally and destroy it after use.

Right. So if there is a backdoor, they won't commit the code to a repo, but write it from scratch every time FBI calls them.

Yes, very realistic.

From that we learn two things, both bad and which tells us not to listen to or work with FBI if possible:

1) FBI is stupid and doesn't know how these things work

2) FBI is malicious and is lying
And in your fifties you don't even think about this kind of thing any more. I love getting older.
numba works on python code, not on dags generated by tensorflow.

In practice, what numba does is turn the python code into llvm types, and then compile those with LLVM. What the OP is doing is turning tensorflow dags into llvm types, and then compiling those with LLVM. You can look at numba and the OP's project both as front ends to LLVM.
This came way earlier than expected.
Also interesting they didn't launch the new Nexus lineup at the same time, but are promoting LG V20. Tho that is a good sign, since it indicates the rumours about major OEM's releasing N updates as soon as it's out might be true.
That might be your perspective but after being in hospitals and treatment for a lifetime condition, I saw enough of my peers die by the age of 10 that I think I have a pretty good handle on mortality. It's just a very uncomfortable subject, which I think hinges on our species not knowing "what happens" after the body dies. Well, there are lots of claims and plenty of options by way of choosing a faith, but I'm fairly certain we simply don't know.
thanks for the tip. I may just do that
Show HN: Introducing Fr8, an Open-Source SaaS Integration Service
No.

We can look at the example given above and clearly know/prove that the access is out of bounds. ie: a C compiler could emit a diagnostic (or decide it's undefined behavior and treat it as unreachable).

There aren't any bounds checks above to eliminate.
Your first sentence is very close to something I've said to others. NixOS is the first time I've been excited about an OS since first discovering Linux back in 2003.

The OP mentions "the ability to do controlled per-user changes in an ad-hoc fashion". I assume they are referring to the use of "nix-env", which some members of the community frown upon. I've adopted the policy of not using it. My system is defined entirely by various ".nix" files, and for launching simple applications, such as firefox, I just have my xmonad configuration bind "C-SHIFT-F" to "nix-shell -p firefox --run firefox".

For programs where I have more complicated environments, I have a "shell.nix" file in $HOME which contains a bunch of derivations that I commonly use, and I use "nix-shell -A" to enter them.

For development, all of my projects now include a "default.nix" file. Typing "nix-shell" in the project directory then brings in my project's dependencies as well as the tools I want when developing on that project, such as a suitable Emacs with the appropriate packages already installed.

I find I move these move ".nix" files frequently between different machines, and I really appreciate that I am put into reproducible development environments wherever they are.

To reiterate what others have said below: the Nix package manager makes sure to share build inputs. If I start a new project and include a bunch of stuff in my "default.nix" that I use elsewhere, it costs nothing to enter the new environment.
Oh my, that Hydraulic Press Channel is quite something!

And I thought the Will It Blend guy was crazy...
> social media ensures we're constantly exposed to the highlight reel of people's lives

Perhaps because I don't use FB, IG, YouTube, Twitter, etc... I only see the real-world reflection of social media and it looks miserable.

For example, when I visit Key West people can stand in line for upwards of an hour to take a photo in front of the "Southern Most Point". I mean these people are in paradise and have the look of misery on their face, all just so they can put on a fake smile for a selfie, presumably just so they can post this "highlight" to social media. Instantly when the photo is done the smile disappears and they start swiping thru the results of their photos just hoping they got at least one that conveys whatever image they are hoping to convey (I am good looking, I am happy, I am in front of this famous landmark). This is not to say there are not life experiences worth a wait in line, and may be the juice is worth the squeeze with social media, but the real world counter-part just looks sad.
Not sure how that helps, since the real article still bears its original title. How does it help to misrepresent the actual article?
Media.net acquired for $900M, founder Divyank Turakhia joins billionaire club