skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Is this situation not resolved by allowing p? to not be a bool necessarily but also a sum type that informs foo which case of a different sum type to return?

In the example I provided, the `bool -> (int * string) either` function is essentially a map from a `bool` to an `(int * string) either`.

From a type-theoretic perspective, bool (which has two nullary type constructors, `true` and `false`) can be expressed as the sum of two units: `1 + 1` (or equivalently, `() + ()` or `unit + unit`) = `2`. If I understand your question correctly, then you're asking if we could just use some other sum type to express the branch to take, like: `type if-branch = consequent | alternative;`, and the answer is that such a type is precisely isomorphic to a Boolean -- because it consists of two nullary constructors, it can also be expressed as the sum of two units, `1 + 1` = `2`.

To answer your question more directly, `p?` already is a sum type that informs `foo` which case to return: `type bool = true | false;`.

> Anyway, I like your footnote [1] which, for me, is what allows a typed program to actually be more expressive, in the sense that you can literally express the types in your head as you code, which is difficult or simply not provided in a dynamic language, despite that most developers will be "thinking in types" regardless of typing of the language.

"Expressive" can mean any of quite a few different things, so I wanted to be specific which I meant. In this case, I mean that untyped languages are more expressive because they're capable of expressing a greater number of programs than their typed counterparts. The ultimate goal of type theory is to eliminate that gap, but short of some miracle revelation, we've resigned to gradually filling it in.

Note that this isn't the same as saying you can express it more elegantly or less verbosely in an untyped language -- there are some programs that are strictly not expressible with current type systems. That's on purpose! The point of the type system is to reject programs which have bugs caused by type errors, so we make those programs inexpressible on purpose, so it's usually a good thing to be less expressive in that way. The problem is that our type systems sometimes reject bug-free programs that actually would run totally fine simply because it wasn't able to prove that such was the case. Again, type theorists are working to improve the situation.

What it comes down to is a question of what is being expressed. Taking programs as descriptions of processes, at the lowest level a language allows us to express a run-time process. Going up one level to the level of types, we can express information about the program itself. Thus, in a sense, by using a typed language we trade in the expressiveness of some processes for the expressiveness of some metaprocesses.
The lesson is that you can't authorize indiscriminate access to public services on the internet for single-factor authenticated users.

edit: Ugh, Wordy. Shorter: Identity is more than a public key.
I think you are naïve if you believe that a government wouldn't fudge a study to support their best interests (best interests in this case being that most of their top campaign contributors are in the real estate business (1)). Let me give you an example of this happening recently in regards to the Vancouver real estate market.

The provincial government released a study on July 7th, stating that only 3% of real estate transactions across BC were from foreign buyers (2). Nobody believed this number, and plenty of people called foul (3). Every single person I talked to involved in the market laughed at those numbers (it is hard not to know someone involved in the market here). The government used these numbers as proof that foreign buyers were not an issue in BC.

Only 3 weeks later on July 26th, the exact same ministry in the government released new data that said that foreign buyers accounted for more than 10% of the value of real estate transactions in Metro Vancouver, which is by far the largest real estate market in BC (4). They used this as proof that foreign buyers were indeed a problem.

This is a prime example of the ridiculous politics that are at play here.

Also of note, if you look at (4), you will see that foreign buyers aren't just buying houses in the exclusive and expensive West Side Vancouver neighbourhoods. According to the data, Burnaby and Richmond, both had 18% foreign buyers.

(1) - http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/campaign-dono...

(2) - http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/bc-government-releases-p...

(3) - https://www.biv.com/article/2016/7/asian-real-estate-confere...

(4) - http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/vancouver-rea...

*Edit - formatting
Tokio: A Finagle inspired network application framework for Rust
Agreed. I'm also baffled that when people are downvoted for meaningfully trying to take part in a discussion.
> I guess this goes to show that you too

I'd be careful about drawing too many conclusions from this story. For one thing, you are not Marc Lore. With a successful Amazon sale under his belt, he certainly had a leg up on fundraising over almost anyone. His name alone helped to generate buzz.

But even being Marc Lore is enough. I worked for his cofounder from diapers.com and you've probably never even heard of that company—building hype requires a compelling narrative, not just a big name.
If you look around there are cases of using ssh for various things, but at the end of the day HTTP is the protocol of the masses, you aren't going to beat it's adoption.

plenty of nethack servers that you can ssh into here: https://nethackwiki.com/wiki/Public_server

Another rougelike: http://crawl.develz.org/wordpress/howto
So you're saying he's responsible for 90% of what I hate about software jobs these days (TDD as dogma, Agile, forced pair programming).
As an aside, in Australia a car's turn indicator lights are commonly referred to as "blinkers".
> Uber felt it was treated fairly by a government

> my guess is that if [...] had been more successful, China would have put a Mao-sized thumb on the scales.

This is how it lost me, it shows how light he is on facts.

I do agree with the 2 statements "China is protectionist" and "protectionism is bad".

But I am cynical enough to see that everyone carefully pics which protectionism they complain about.

As a Brazilian I am still waiting to hear Americans, Japanese and Europeans complaining about their own farming protectionism, at least as loudly as they complain about other countries.
Is chat2 dead? I entered sentence in Chinese and now I can't see anything after login or re-login.

And it's so dead that the ssh process has to be killed by a signal 15. ^C and ^D won't work.
"Apparently after graduating from university 42% of people never read another book. Ever!" [Citation Needed]
3 billion is a hell of a price for branding.

Goes to show just how entrenched some of the negative feeling (not everywhere, but where it exists, including with many in the Amazon demographic) is about Walmart.
Wow, not sure why you are downvoted by telling some truth here. Upvoted.
China is a peculiar case. It has embraced parts of capitalism that ensure market growth. The huge domestic market coupled with aggressive stealing of IP to create cheapest-in-the-world knock-offs have fuelled its exports. However, having this selective breed of capitalism has allowed its leadership to sidestep aspects of American capitalism e.g. influence of corporations on leaders. This means that companies don't have the same lobbying power in influencing policy/laws/IP etc. So basically we have this wealthy nation with its leadership not generally obliged to listen to either market or its people. So they do what they want to do.

Its like the skinny kid hit the gym, made a ton of money and is now back in the neighbourhood throwing its weight around.
Jim Butcher (one of my favorite authors) lands squarely in the planning camp.

http://jimbutcher.livejournal.com/

(Start at the bottom of that page and work your way up for Jim's "How to Write a Novel")
There is an order of magnitude fewer jobs available for manager than for regular engineers. That's why it probably would take about a month to find a job as an engineer with a few years of experience, but 6 months or more for an engineering manager with 10-20 years of total experience.
If you have traveled in a Shinkansen in Japan and then been on Chinese HSR, you can see that the HSR interiors are almost identical copies of the Japanese equivalents.

However the key part that China cannot copy from Japan is the human software part, that is the training and service excellence of 50 years of history with hundreds of millions of passenger kilometers of operational history and zero passenger fatalities during operation.

China's HSR has already had multiple fatalities during operation, unfortunately.
Ok that makes sense. I work in finance and was wondering about what other countries/companies are doing. Thanks for the info.

One thing that I was thinking about though was about the regulations and scare around security might be hindering development here in the U.S. .

Again, thanks for the info.
It's possible for both of you to be right. I don't agree with everything Ross Douthat says, but he had an interesting column a little while ago claiming that the non-nationalist "global elite" constitute their own tribe, which has identical characteristics regardless of where in the world they are: http://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/03/opinion/sunday/the-myth-of.... It's possible that this tribe is growing, but is not currently all-encompassing, and the reactions against it are the movements that you are referring to.
If your one deep skill does go obsolete then being arrow-shaped better enables you to shift one of your mid-level skills to expert level, in which case you do become M-shaped . . .

Personally I like the octagram !!!
The idea, I think, would be the analog of throwing thousands of dollars from a bank robbery into the street. The stolen bills can be identified by their serial numbers, but if law enforcement tries to crack down every time they see one of those bills pop up, the actual thief will be buried in the noise.

In Bitcoin land this is both more feasible and more complex at the same time -- it's very easy for a poorly planned version of this to make the thief no harder to identify, and even a well-executed version requires vigilance in the future to avoid betraying the identity of the thief vs. the identity of one of the giveaway recipients.
They're talking about Django CMS, not the framework. It's a CMS just like WordPress. You don't have to know programming if all you need is a simple page, a blog, or the likes.
Git hooks are pretty useful for catching yourself. I recently put this in .git/hooks/pre-commit for one of my repos:

#!/usr/bin/env bash
npm run lint
Ask HN: Is there a public shaming list for websites with bad password policies?
I use password generation algorithms, so that I can have unique but memorable passwords to every site that I use. (NOTE: I don't like using random password generators, because I often have to access sites from different computers, and password keepers are not always conducive to this. For that matter, I prefer to be the only one who knows all of my passwords!)

Sometimes websites have password policies that I'm sure they believe to be enforcing security, when in reality it requires me to use a less-secure password than I otherwise would. I got bit by this again last night, and I want to do something to let these companies know that their password policies are limiting security at best, and at worst indicate poor password storage procedures.

Quite frankly, I would like to name-and-shame them somewhere, and I assume that here is as good a place as any. Please add to this list (or point out another place where their misdeeds can be publicly aired!).

walmart.com limits my password to 12 characters. (also implies that passwords are stored in a retrievable manner)
Dynamically diagnosing type errors in unsafe code [pdf]
>>In reality, tons of companies are INTERVIEWING but nobody seems to be HIRING.

Most companies tend to judge a programmer's ability by checking if they can solve the 4 latest questions on their favorite programming algo puzzle site within an hour.

No amount of work prepares you for this.
The Citizens United Playbook
The curious case of Any() and All()
I havent looked in detail lately - but I believe they issue bonds and the bond holders would be covering the impact of a market crash.

You would prefer if there was not such an insurance system required for home owners putting less than 20% down?
I work in tech in Montreal.

People speak in english. You can speak english all day if you want. My clients speak in english. We speak in english. We create websites that are 100% english for clients who are based in the USA.

What isn't allowed it having a workplace where the local (who can't speak english) have no chance of being hired because of the language. That is also why the employer must provide all workplace tools with french label. All else is lies, stereotypes and people not understanding the law.
He pointed out the parallels between the US and Free software. You have done nothing to refute any of the parallels other than some snarky comment about potatoes which wasn't worth reading.

And most importantly there are many governments that are absolutely nothing like the free software ecosystem which gives the analogy worth.
Anthrax Outbreak in Siberia
This is a great contribution but it seems to be tied to a single vendor, and subject to the vendor's pricing.

This is fine, fair, good etc. It is not a criticism of the service, but when digital ocean offers a one-click install of django-cms or mezzanine etc, I think we'll know it is in the mainstream.
You can select the modules you want when installing. Just deselect then in the NSIS installer or don't run the package files (in Linux). It's that easy.
SSH passing username by default is actually one of the things I hate about it.
if you're just using WP as a blog engine only, with basic functionality, you're fine. that's what it was built for, and shines.

wp_options is a key/value table, and seems to be abused a lot.

storing "transient" data in wp_options - what's up with that? why not at least have a 'transient' table, separate from the table that stores my ... options?

and... when you've got plugin systems that store everything in postmeta... it's hard to do "normal" relational queries. woocommerce seems to be a good example of this - order info in postmeta?

"find all orders in tennessee with more than $10 tax"

can only be done with multiple self-joins on wp_postmeta.

Perhaps they shouldn't have built it that way, but in my experience most plugin authors use what's provided, and what's provided makes them jump through hoops to do basic stuff, and is not well suited for larger scale apps (but people get suckered in to it anyway because it's "easy to get started"). Who do you blame for these decisions/mistakes? WP? Plugin authors? End users?
Are we not human? Do we not know ourselves?
Well some members of my family own a factory making car parts. Many parts ship to Ford plants in China. China recently created a new rule saying Ford cannot buy parts from the US. So we either had to build a plant in China, or stop shipping to Ford. We stopped shipping to Ford. They were our largest customer.
Does anyone know of anything similar as a Sublime package? I already do my linting there, so this would be a great addition.
Make WebStorm Better with These Customizations
"China" is mentioned in 6 entries on the first page atm.

:)
It's actually fascinating that medium didn't make it to either list. Anecdotally, a lot of new, user-generated content originates from there, and in my mind has overtaken other blogging sides like wordpress, tumblr, etc. as the preferred blog host for newer blogs.
Good to know, that explains why I've never seen it.
wondering if you disclosed that you were the creator of the service when you made the growthhacks list
Remote worker.
How about creating QUIC protocol tuneling tool (which would be needed on both sides of connection) - for example for tuneling mysql tcp traffic between client and server in configurations where those are on diffrent networks? (pings >1ms)
The mistake, I think, is to see drone delivery as a competitor to ground shipping. Ground will always be cheaper, and self-driving will only further push down the cost.

What drones offer that no other shipment method can, in addition to rapid, point-to-point travel, is a completely different economy: As an example, it would be prohibitive to send a truck, even a self-driving one, out on a 40-minute drive from a warehouse for a single on-demand delivery. There’s no such overhead for a drone: You don’t have to wait until a bunch of other orders have piled up; the drone can just head out and make the delivery as soon as it’s loaded.

This is obviously overkill for your average Amazon order, but for on-demand services, it’s currently competing with an entire ground vehicle going out for a single delivery. I’d say it’s inevitable that drones will be both cheaper and faster than that.
I think this is true, but it's also the case that businesses that cater to the very rich are doing very well. My wife works for a luxury retailer who's Vancouver location is seemingly supporting the entire company with it's sales. Revenue has basically tripled over the past 4-5 years.
In the Github case it's probably better to run these checks as part of your CI process and fail the build if they raise alarms.
Yeah while it passes you can't turn left. Assuming there's only two lanes in each direction. But only while it passes :)

In terms of beating BRT, I guess it avoids the requirement of a busway?
Actually that reads as a pretty good non-developer summary of how current object-oriented programming languages work. Give that to a business person and it would probably make sense to them.
> The reactionary "whew I've made it in now close the bathroom door" position you ascribe to certain "T" people

To be clear, I only ascribed a lack of uniform belief in "a voluntary abolition of gender, rendered possible by recent scientific progress in biotechnology and reproductive technologies", and thought it strange that the author assumed that trans people shared this vision.
I think there's another big part of this, and that's that working on the design is going to open you up to bikeshedding from all the non-designers whose work you're supplanting.

Can you imagine how galling it would be for the designers or marketing team to start sitting in on code reviews? What do they know? But here in this forum, lots of people are dumping on the ribbon interface (which is quite popular, works very well, etc). Who's going to volunteer for that?
I hate to be 'that' guy, but... py2.7? :( Come on guys, get it on with py3!
Stareable's list of webseries to watch this week
http://www.forbes.com/sites/dougyoung/2015/07/20/tencent-snu...
The headline had me expecting to read yet another SV polemic: it's not just SF, but now the whole world is under attack from the bad SV people and their imperialist ambitions! /s

But when I read the article, I see it's a lot of charged words like "gentrification" to describe the phenomenon of "it's gone mainstream", and "depersonalization" to describe "it's not as good as it once was".

Airbnb is becoming popular and converging. Seems like a very believable and predictable possible outcome.
Agreed.

I grew up in China for ~5 years and I felt that the cultural mindset in China does not breed creativity nor greatness. The social culture there conditions people to be conformist and one-dimensional. The censorship is absurd. People there generally lack a higher overall perspective. Everyone tries to screw each other over for a dollar, not understanding the concept of the Prisoner's Dilemma and how it affects society as a whole.

There's a lot more to it, but basically in my opinion China is still far behind America and will not catch up any time soon. China needs some sort of cultural revolution before that happens.

This is all coming from a Chinese-American who wants to see China succeed. But reality is reality.
Some use LibreOffice to maintain compatibility and consistency between Mac, Windows, and Linux. I switch between all three platforms regularly, and it's nice that LO has tri-platform compatibility.

LibreOffice also makes it easy to re-encode files, when saving, into multiple formats by using MultiFormatSave extension. It's useful for saving important documents for "future proofing" purposes [1].

Oh and yes, the cost is nice too. It doesn't hurt that I also don't like the ribbon gui.

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11502529
Wallarm (YC S16) Uses Incoming Hacker Attacks to Reveal Security Flaws
Although a fish on land is what eventually led to the evolution of all land and air based lifeforms :)
Couldn't find too much information on this, but I see that [https://support.gdax.com/customer/portal/articles/2436336] under "Is GDAX's ether hot wallet insured?" states "The majority of ether and bitcoin deposited to GDAX is held in highly secure cold storage." (GDAX is Coinbase's exchange platform) See also [https://www.coinbase.com/security].
It works with Python 3 too!
To be fair to Django, their concept of View is closer to what it meant originally, before MVC was adapted by Rails et all. And if you're a complete newbie, you don't have any preconceptions of View anyway. It's only a problem if you come from other Web frameworks.
If the problem is that you can't get a job if you're not in the club, why not join the club?

I used to work at Google and I did a lot of interviews. I loved when we finally got an experienced engineer in to interview. I could stop asking the toy algorithms questions and actually talk about design.

But maybe they only want to hire fresh college grads? The company is sorely lacking in experience. I wouldn't be surprised if the reason they can't find experienced engineers to interview is that everyone with experience who is qualified to work at Google either works there already or doesn't want to.

Maybe you're in that camp of not wanting to work at Google. That's fine. I enjoyed it for a while but it wasn't for me. Just having it on my resume has opened a lot of doors.
While the minimalist Nordic aesthetic of IKEA certainly plays a large role as others have pointed out, I find the aesthetic has more to do with what I've seen Brooklyn homogenize towards over the past 10 years. And behind many of those spaces are the Haslegrave brothers. [1]

I'm sure this design aesthetic has arisen independently in many different areas of the world and has seen a convergence due to the factors the article points out, but at least here in Brooklyn this aesthetic arose in the lofts along the waterfront and were pushed around the city by the Haslegraves.

Now the loft building that they live in has a steady stream of AirBnb tourists, unbeknownst to them that the aesthetic they see around the world in no small part has to do with two brothers living down the hall.

[1] http://thescoutmag.com/features/design/1066/the_brothers_has...
It depends on you, your proclivities and what you want out of life.

The value of the "T" depends. If you have real strong expertise in areas like identity or some security practices, those skills are super valuable and you really need a great deal of expertise to even know that the super deep sub-disciplines are. Unless you chose unwisely, a "T" skill set in most things means you'll have a 95th percentile or higher income with a two income family.

IMO, if you "go deep", and make yourself a world-class expert in something you should be deciding to be a contractor and know who the customers are who care. FTEs with deep expertise get screwed in terms of compensation and screwed worse if the winds change and you have to leave involuntarily -- nobody will believe that you are actually an expert if you were an employee. If you want to be and employee, going deep is a waste of time.