skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The current hostility to standardisation and regulation seems a little strange to me as a programmer. Everything we do is dependant on having a reliable standard of how things are supposed to work. Obviously compulsion is bad, but without the EU we would still have compulsion. Instead of one required standard we would have hundreds which would need to be checked at borders.
Britain had an entire program during WWII designed to identify, capture and turn German agents to get them to feed disinformation to their superiors:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-Cross_System

It was used in a clever manner to subtly suggest to the Germans an incorrect location (Pas-de-Calais) for D-Day.

WWII produced some of the most interesting (now publicly known) espionage operations. My favourite is Operation Mincemeat:

https://www.damninteresting.com/mincemeat-and-the-imaginary-...
It's way above my league, but possibly related is an old article from nature communications, "Quantum correlations with no causal order":

http://www.nature.com/ncomms/journal/v3/n10/full/ncomms2076....
Now that docker makes starting a cluster quite easy. Why do developers get excited by such a service? I'm trying to understand what they're looking for and how to service them better
One interesting observation that popped into my mind when I read the OP: Mathematicians don't write mathematical notation in papers/books by hand anymore, they use a far more verbose language called LATEX.

Wouldn't it be great if every time you saw a mathematical formula there was a little widget to push that would show you the "source code" in LATEX++, and LATEX++ was like LATEX but made up of stringently defined mathematical operations (like '\element_wise_multiplication' instead of '\plus_sign_with_circle_around_it')? :D
This a thousand times. I boycott math notation. My most memorable math moments are:

- giving a talk on notation in high school (I was not tasked to do this, I decided to do it on my own) because I was FREAKED OUT by how we were using tons of symbols nobody had ever explained or defined

- converting all Math I encountered in University to Common Lisp programs to get rid of the shit notation

- bursting into crazy laughter when after five algebra lectures the prof notices that the students parse his notation differently than he does

Give it names, use S-Expressions.
Jodorowsky's Dune
The problem is that while it's easy as an expert to distinguish usage using context, it can make things needlessly hard on students who are learning new concepts, because whenever they're faced with something they don't understand they have to worry about whether they don't understand the concept or whether they don't understand the terminology. For example, sin^2(x) is often used as a shorthand for sin(x)^2 when really it should mean sin(sin(x)). Or in basic combinatorics, n and k and s can mean pretty much whatever the author wants it to mean, which is a pity when you could just standardize on something.
I'm in Berlin today, anyone wanna show me around? Got nothing to do otherwise...
It used to be rare. Try to leave the USA without papers now.
Hey don't appologize for attempting a moment of levity. Just because it didn't work doesn't mean it wasn't a good idea.
It's good practice anyway in LaTeX to define your own aliases and use them for semantic information. Like in one of my recent projects, I define:

\newcommand{\disjointunion}{\sqcup}
http://www.chrisfossart.com/
Yeah, it's a bummer that LaTeX math notation is really just markup and has no indication of what belongs together and what the purpose of various symbols is.
Can someone explain to me why it needed to raise $1.8 Million dollars via Kickstarter? Does that cover production costs as well as development time?

Wouldn't it be more fair to consumers if only development cost was covered by the kickstarter and then production costs were covered by actual pre-orders?
Out of interest, what subject did you study at University? I studied maths, and everything was defined rigorously at the start of every pure course; and you could always stop the lecturer and ask them what a given piece of notation meant.
The big question is: Is it better than Terra Mystica (the game the designer kept referencing as its inspiration)?
The article says "tech startups".
Show HN: Fleep – Slack-like messenger that also enables chat across teams
That's what I call debug mode enabled in production. RESTful JSON APIs are truly in debug mode in production
I wonder what the effect on battery life might be, with Lumen in use constantly .. like, could this be used to squeeze out another hour of life?
One of the cool things of Mathematica is that it solves these problems. But the result is, unfortunately, somewhat more verbose.
Usually the timber itself is encapsulated with several gypsum layers adding a usual fire and charing resistance between 60 and 150 minutes. So that the rooms are forming cells in which the fire is contained for a definite time - allowing the safe rescue of people.

The jump of fires between floors via the facade is countered by constructional rules e.g. using firewalls (protruding fire diverting metal, wood, concrete bars) or having no burning sequments on the facades.

Also node worthy metal and concrete structures have a very unclear burning behavior and do not allow for a safe estimate of the structural integrity. But wood has constant and know charing rate so that an estimate of the structural integrity is far safer and easier to estimate.
> These are just issues that someone unfamiliar with a field would face. None of them are problems for those of us in the field.

True, but it raises a "barrier to entry" (on purpose, or by mistake) because it is almost impossible to enter the field without a supervisor/colleges that provide the "semi-supervision" needed to learn the notation.

I can understand how those in the field think that's a good thing, but for the rest of humanity it probably isn't... Look e.g. what has happened in academic operating system research: innovation has moved from Berkeley and Bell Labs to the Linux kernel mailing list. Are academic OS researchers better off because of it? Probably not. Is the world better off? You bet!
Good point, but you probably didn't read the article. Here is something even more impressive than the title:

Berlin’s startups collected €2.4 billion in venture capital last year, according to Ernst & Young. That’s more than the total haul among startups in London, Paris, or Stockholm, though it’s about 9 percent of Silicon Valley’s take.
He didn't confirm it was infected. Only there was enough of a chance they wouldn't re-use it and find out.
Mathematical notation was designed to calculate by hand. If you actually tried to calculate anything by hand, you'd dread long variable names and not being able to use infix symbols with sensible precedence rules. But, of course, a programmer would rather die than calculate anything by hand.
How Truecaller works on iOS and what sucks about that
I think it lasted indefinitely. Both people had life-extension technology on their ships and they were Bussard ramjets of the "can accelerate forever" variety.

Another classic relativistic story is Pohl's _Starburst_.
Britain’s scientists are freaking out over Brexit
Student debts wipe out most graduate pay premiums – report
It's not needed to raise that much. It's just people liked it. From the Kickstarted campaign: $1,810,294 pledged of $33,000 goal
And the associated HN discussion:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12137673
LaTeX... now that is unreadable. Traditional mathematical notation is just fine.
Now we're getting close to the heart of the matter: In LaTeX it's "good practice" to define the semantics of operators, in programming languages it's an absolute requirement.
Have you seen x86 machine code? ;P
I've never had a problem tracking down the function or language construct I need with Google.
Some prominent Berlin tech startups include:

Adjust

AppLift

Ascribe

Blacklane

Clark

Clue

Contentful

Cookies App

Delivery Hero

EyeEm

Freeletics

GetYourGuide

GoButler

GoEuro

Heaven HR

HelloFresh

Jobspotting

Junique

Kitchenstories

Movinga

Nu3

Number26

OneFootball

Outfittery

Soundcloud

Thermondo

UberMetrics

.

Incubator and corporates:

.

Airbnb

Atlantic Food Labs

Axel Springer Plug & Play

FinLeap

HitFox

Houzz

Hub:Raum

Pro7 Sat1 Digital

Project A Ventures

Rocket Internet

Stripe

Techstars

Twitter

Uber

WeWork
> It's like saying "Well the plural of mouse is mice but the plural of house isn't hice!"

Yes, that's exactly what he is saying:

> Math is a language that is about as consistent as English, and that's on a good day.
So why are years of studying math insufficient for one to be "familiar" with it?
when you post this on facebook your account will be blocked and you're forced to download anti-malware from kaspersky. outlier detection at its worst
Long ago, when I took a computer architecture course, I learnt the 8086's instruction format. I don't remember a single thing about it.
I think you have confused journaled with log structured filesystems.
I think the fundamental source of confusion might be due to not understanding the concept of a random variable. In his example, X is a random variable; the expectation E[X] is an functional applied to its probability mass function. Given this, it should not be surprising if it seems to behave differently to "any other function, in math".

If you understand this, I think the notation is natural:

We have a random variable X, which takes value x_i with probability p(x_i).
Thus, the random variable X^2 will take value (x_i)^2 with probability p(x_i).

Given that the expection for the random variable X with p.m.f p(x_i) is defined as E[X] = \sum x_i p(x_i), it should be clear that to obtain the expectation of any random variable we must sum over the product of (value) and (probability of that value).
It should also be clear that this gives E[X^2] = \sum (x_i)^2 p(x_i)

I'm confused by his comment that:
p(xi) isn't, because it doesn't make any sense in the first place. It should really be just PXi or something, because it's a discrete value, not a function!

The probability mass function is a function: for a given value, it gives the probability that the the discrete random variable takes that value. To calculate the expectation we use the values obtained by evaluating the function at discrete points, but what else could we do?
Unfamiliar is a weasel word. It's a No-True-Scottsman. And I don't mean, that it is entirely wrong, I am saying you are unjustly putting a limit to whom you deem worthy for the field. There is no need for imprecision other than speed breaking things while you go.

> "Well the plural of mouse is mice but the plural of house isn't hice!"

Are irregular word forms necessary or essential? Probably, but I doubt you could explain why. Hence you are not qualified to ridicule anyone. It's a perfectly valid complaint, IMHO, but probably only loosely related to the math example, which I can't be bothered to follow at the moment.
What Babies Know About Physics and Foreign Languages
Just checked, your repo seems to be private. (or I'm a bit blind :))

Here is the link to what I hacked back then: https://github.com/letier/boombox

I'm planning on doing a complete rewrite, when I finally find the time. This thing was build pretty quickly.
Pokemon Go fans devastated after game update resets their progress
> If the People didn't want that, then don't do it, because it's how the democracy works.

Is democracy about pandering to a minority who happen to be very opinionated on the matter? I can not think of a single vote that has democratically rejected multiculturalism or even immigration. At the last election people mostly voted for parties that promise to control numbers, and are broadly in favour of immigration.

Ultimately people had many of reasons for voting for Brexit, which may well have included bashing the elites. But in a democracy we do not decide policy on the basis of perception of a referendum but by normal parliamentary democracy.
Disrupting Uber
> We are not yet at the point of such plentiful sustainable energy deployments that we can separate the notion of power utilization from source.

Sure we are, if we exclude processes that are only barely profitable and also locked in price. Anything else can pay the small premium to get non-fossil power. For a technology to be sustainable doesn't require that specific implementations buy green energy. If it's viable to do so, that's good enough.
> Secular Humanism is effectively a reinterpretation of Calvinism along atheistic lines.

Considering that predestination is a central theme of Calvinism, I have a hard time understanding this thought. Removing God from Calvinism doesn't leave one with much at all.
It's my dream to work for a start-up in Germany. I have even been learning German for a while.
In the other words, E(...) has a hidden lambda there, and the fully consistent usage would be E(X -> X^2) (instead of E(X^2)) and so on. The covariance thing would be E((X,Y) -> X*Y) with an implied domain being a Cartesian product of that of X and Y. Of course we humans can easily infer the domains, and writing explicit domains every time is not efficient.
>Chomsky appears to be somewhat desperately trying to keep up with these changes

Not sure where you're getting that from. Which aspects of Chomsky's recent work do you think are drive by some kind of desire to keep up with developments in NLP?

>his models, which in turn have grown vastly more complex over the years compared with his original simple and elegant x' theory

X' theory was not really 'original'. It was first introduced in Remarks on Nominalization in 1970. The models have not in fact grown vastly more complex. In a number of respects quite significant simplifications have been achieved (e.g. the reduction of large numbers of construction-specific transformational rules to a small number of generalizations about A and A' movement).
A high rate of comments without upvotes degrades a story's ranking, you seem to have done the right thing. I don't know exactly how much flaming there has to be before that kicks in, though.
>> let me open it again
This is the tricky part, you should about worry as a user

Will it open exactly the same ? How likely is data corruption ? Will it work if I mount it on another OS or another version ? Is versioning supported ? Can it save all the modifications to a file and can I roll back to previous version if I want to ?. Can I take periodic backups without copying/transferring entire drive or entire files even ? Will using "a" file system improve/change my disk life time ?
It was in response to a link to a Haskell library, so I assumed that you had some experience with said library.

In any case, the issue is less with pure functional languages themselves, and much more with some of the people who use some of the more popular ones. You don't usually find people who enjoy programming primarily in Rust or C++ or even F# looking down on others and telling people who might potentially be interested in learning more about some feature or other that they'd be too stupid to understand, at least not to the same degree.

When people try to explain Rust's lifetime system, they don't start off by telling people that garbage collectors are for people too stupid to define data structures which manage memory properly. When they talk about static typing, they don't tell people that they're idiots if they enjoy Python's duck typing. Instead, they lay out problems that their solutions solve. Simple as that.

It's not terribly difficult to talk about ideas in a positive manner without tearing apart people who hold other ideas, either through ignorance or simply different experiences, most of the time.
I've been using Packet Capture to get some data I wanted out of an app recently and in the process I started generally snooping around. What I saw disgusts me. First, just how much waste there is in communication - so many requests with so much JSON traffic for no real reason (except maybe laziness). Second - just how much various apps report on you. I've seen everything I could possibly imagine the phone could know about me and my operator sent to the various "motherships", sans actually transcribing my contact lists and messages. I'm not even going to ask what they do with this data.

I recommend the experience highly. Just be warned, you may not like what you see.
Remember about 10 years ago when a whole bunch of.middle eastern optical links went down, temporarily, a few days apart? Due to a strangely coordinated set of accidents with boat anchors?

Something's going on
The "without Lumen" gif seems edited to make the effect worse. The brightness is reduced when switching to the terminal, and increased when switching to the editor. You can see the editor window background getting gray when it slides off the screen. If you need to be dishonest to "sell" your tool then I'm going to assume it's not very good.
I can't talk for Eclipse or Scythe, but we brought the Game of Thrones game and it was pretty terrible. It seemed needlessly complicated and just wasn't that fun.

I hope Scythe isn't like that at all.
250+ Stunning Experiences You Can Have Visiting Africa
Hate games that are over-complicated, with book for rules that requires calculators, games supposed to be fun not chores.

I see this is ad for Scythe. but still.
Skydiver makes history by jumping 25,000 feet into a net without a parachute
I think there's a mistake in imagining that there is a Haskell community or a pure functional programming community and that people you come across represent these communities.

Like, I'm a fan of the language, I do stuff with it, I worked with in professionally, I chose my school specifically to pursue it in 2005... sometimes I discuss topics related to it on the internet... but I don't really see myself as a "community member," I don't represent a community when I discuss, and the comments you're reacting to have nothing to do with me or my values.

So if stuff I say is taken as representing some "community", that's ascribing a false belonging and imagining a society where there's mostly just a loose association of different individual nerds who sometimes collaborate in different constellations.

Unless there's something systemically and blatantly wrong with some actual existing community project, I think it makes more sense to criticize individuals. There's no way to "weed out" people from the internet just because their tone is annoying.
> $x from extracting gold from used iPhones

http://motherboard.vice.com/read/apple-does-not-melt-iphones...
Joys of Noise
You are right, and the deeper source of the authers beef seems to be that he wants mathematics to be about textual rules. Now that's a fine thing in a computer language -- and there are philosophers who say mathematical truth is no more than computation. But mathematical notation is for humans to talk about things that have meanings that humans can understand.

The fact is that E[X^2] is natural way of an important concept. Whereas "\sum \sum (x_i)^2 p(x_i^2)", need mean nothing at all (especially is $p$ is not defined over all the $x_i^2$).
The more I read about Mao (from the Four Pests campaign to making peasants create mini-furnaces in their backyards), I'm amazed how someone as incompetent could ever come to rule a country.

I mean, Sacha Baron Cohen could play him in a parody and it would come across as more sensible than the real thing
Thanks for these links. Another DCG tutorial http://www.pathwayslms.com/swipltuts/dcg/index.html
A lot of the confusion here has to do with the lack of regulation around the word "Christian". If a genuine evil person is deluded enough to call himself Christian, does that make Christianity responsible for his deeds? When a Muslim murders a club full of gay people or slits the throat of a Catholic priest, does HN upvote a comment that blames Islam?

> Some flavours of the faith don't allow women to be priests.

The only thing (arguably) Christian mentioned in this thread is this doctrinal issue because it's the only thing supported by some amount of scripture (though good-faith Christians disagree on this particular issue).
Soon 2501, Lisk is coming.
Effektiv fysioterapi aarhus
Wanted: An Honest Debate About Trade
It has all almost over 290, to be exact, destinations listed all over its site. Nice Job.
It's just to illustrate what it does no?
Nope no ASLR. They're working on it but not yet.
So a hoax, no?
if you have a EU passport or an engineering degree it's not hard.

Learning German will differentiate you if you don' have one of those.
2 startups we work with in London announced a move to Berlin post Brexit.
Well, formally a random variable is already a function which assigns values to elements of the probability space (outcomes). The expected value is just another name for an integral over this space. When the probability space is discrete, "the integral over a probability space" is just another name for a weighted sum. The domain is always the same: it's the probability space.

The real bad notation (which is employed here, actually) is f² meaning (x ↦ f(x)²) while at the same time f⁻¹ means the inverse function of f instead of (x ↦ f(x)⁻¹).
> "Well the plural of mouse is mice but the plural of house isn't hice!"

That's the strangest defense. English notation is awful.
(Living and working in Berlin for 2 years now)

Also while salaries are relatively low, an experienced engineer and still earn 60k+ which is decent money because the city is still quite cheap. Many other startup jobs are paid pretty poorly though.
And 1.809 of those are on AngelList: https://angel.co/berlin
If you're doing math, you need to be able to manipulate the symbols easily. These notations develop because they're easy to work with: consistency is less important than brevity. Lambda calculus terms may be easier to read, but they're much slower to write, and and they take up more space on the page or blackboard.

That said, once you've arrived at some kind of result, you could switch to a more consistent notation for explaining whatever you've found. It doesn't necessarily have to be textual, either (see http://worrydream.com/KillMath/).
I had an exam in probability theory yesterday, so these topics are still quite fresh in my mind. The confusion already starts when he uses the equation

E[X] = \sum_{i=1}^{\infty} x_i p(x_i)

for the expectation. In my class it was introduced as

E[X] = \sum_{\omega \in \Omega} X(\omega) P(\omega)
= \sum_{ x \in X(\Omega)} x p_X(x)

which totally makes sense if you know that X is a function that assigns a value to each possible outcome. In most cases we don't actually care about the outcomes, so there is the second description using p_X.

The subscript X is important to highlight that p is not just some arbitrary function, it is p_X, the probability mass function of X.

Now when you want to compute the expectation of X^2, you use

E[X^2] = \sum_{\omega \in \Omega} X^2(\omega) P(\omega)
= \sum_{x^2 \in X^2(\Omega)} x^2 p_{X^2}(x^2)

i.e. the substitution he wanted to do actually works when you make the dependency of p_X on X explicit.

Now p_{f(X)} is not that easy to compute from p_X in general, because you have to account for multiple possible ways to reach the same value, e.g. x^2 = (-x)^2. For f(x) = x^2 we have

p_{X^2}(x^2) = p_X(x) for x = 0
and = p_X(x) + p_X(-x) otherwise

If f is more complex, there is a third way using

E[f(X)] = \sum_{x \in X(\Omega)} f(x) p_X(x)

which amounts to the same thing, but is usually easier to calculate.