skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Since this is about FP, we have to have recursion:

https://www.reddit.com/r/functionalprogramming/comments/4t91...
There are also vocabulary items that do have direct translations into other languages, but none with the same precise connotation.

For example, 斯文 from Chinese most directly translates as 'refined' or 'cultured' in English.

In Chinese, the term has a strong positive connotation and can be used an almost any context to compliment any person; it carries the implication that the person is of good character and education.

In American English, 'refined' feels mostly neutral (shading into a pejorative with 'effete') and while 'cultured' has a positive connotation, it doesn't directly speak to the person's character.

What we see is that cultural norms and values become embedded in the vocabulary of languages. Even a directly, literal translation will not capture the same implied attitude. That's why translations of books and the like tend to avoid close word-for-word readings.
In the UK you can be a millionaire and be working class, or be destitute and middle class. It's about more than money.
Why We Cling to the Smartphone
The point of tail recursion is using constant space, not constant stack space (does Haskell even have a stack?) Anyways, the Haskell spec allows foldl' to use linear space just like its lazier counterparts. The fact that it uses constant space is an implementation detail of GHC. Reference: https://github.com/quchen/articles/blob/master/fbut.md#seq-d...

Structural recursion always terminates in SML. Supporting infinite/cyclic values in algebraic data types is a misfeature, and they are trivial to rule out without using a totality checker. Heck, I can implement a guaranteed finite linked list in Java :-)

I think something like MLKit would be a more promising start for implementing a safety critical system. Tail and structural recursion actually work there, and it statically replaces most uses of GC with region inference. Though it's still a very long shot, I'd prefer something more proven.
As far as I can tell those accusations have not been substantiated. I'm ready to believe it if you have evidence - a recording of a Yelp salesperson using extorionate language would do.
While it could all be done better, it would be quite fair to say Africa is in its current predicament exclusively due to whites. Whites might have created a messed up continent with their unnatural borders, abrupt exit etc. However without colonization, Africa today would in large part still be in the iron age.

And it is not like whites invented wars. Africa was full of wars before whites came. So you can't pretend war was some sort invention brought to Africa by whites.
This is also an existing problem in every cryptocurrency. Just because bitcoin hasn't done any controversial forks yet doesn't mean it will never happen.
Codemoji – A fun tool from Mozilla to learn about ciphers
As I understand it, patents cover results and not so much mechanisms. It's just that people tend to listen the intermediate results in such detail as to appear that they cover mechanisms.

Which is, of course, fucking insane, but nobody seems to want to act on that.
How much u wanna bet that the guy would shoot at them anyways? Only in twisted US reality can authorities use this incident as an opportunity to advise on the safety of playing a game on a cellphone
That wasn't the end result in Hong Kong.
Kind of a non sequitur, but I once found a flyer on the sidewalk in Boulder CO that advocated for inclining airplane runways by, I forget, 5% or so.

The idea was that departing flights would take off in the downward-sloping direction, gaining boost to momentum from gravity, while incoming flights would land uphill making it easier to brake.

I have no idea if this would actually work, but the idea has stuck with me.
It's quite depressing to see how the concepts of country, nationality, borders are still widely accepted without questioning.
My thoughts exactly. If someone is looking to make decent returns with real estate, farms and rural properties are not where they'd likely be focusing. I live in Vancouver,Canada where real estate returns have been substantial. It completely depends on market dynamics.
Hi HN,

I've been working on this project for a year now, and looking to push for a version 3 release before 2016 is over.

Halite takes a lot of guesswork out of cryptography. You don't even need to know what a nonce is to use it successfully.

I'd like to get more feedback from other developers if possible.
Ask HN: Advice for a junior Software Engineer
I am a young Software Engineer. Although content with work and salary w.r.t any other field, I always wish to be able to do something in a niche area. The general software Engineer is something everyone around me does and does it well enough so that it gets impossibly hard to be or even judge the top 10%. I feel I should chase something which is not achievable by many. 10x Engineer can be one such thing. I want to develop/master a skill that very few can achieve, which would make me highly valued and sought after. Every now and then something new in CS pops up and a million people are chasing it already. In other words, among 100 people I would like to be the one guy who is always calm, cool and confident because he has a skill that no one else can easily learn/aquire. Is it even possible? What advice would you give?
Hundreds of New Galaxies Detected in First Image from Super Telescope (SKA)
It's eminently reasonable to have a different goal: prevent the activities whose environmental cost (via CO2) is greater than its economic benefit. In that case, the tax is sufficient to achieve that goal because it adds the cost in directly.

Then, for every case where the economic benefit is small relative to such a cost, people will stop doing it. And even if they don't, the government now has collected an amount of money equal to the environmental costs and can work on mitigating them with it! [1]

(That goal is, incidentally, the point of Pigovian taxes -- or at least, it should be, rather than "to give me cover for restricting something I disliked for other reasons", which is how they often get used.)

[1] If you want to go the route of saying that the costs are unqiantifiable ... don't. That way lies insanity (and arbitrary policy).
Why doesn't Ubuntu let you download via HTTPS?
Israel is a relatively rich middle-eastern democracy. Jordan should probably count too (it has its problems, yes, but so do most of the tiger states). Qatar too, to a much lesser extent and esp. if you prioritize wealth/stability over democracy per se. And Saudi Arabia is at least stable and wealthy, if not ticking off the other boxes.

But it's also worth pointing out that outside of the west and regions where the local population was so thoroughly decimated as to make the population effectively European (e.g., US and Canada), free market secular democracies are pretty rare.
> It's easy to forget how lucky those of us in the developed world are and how so many try so hard to gain status here.

I like complaining about insignificant things for that specific reason.
Yes, I'm not from the US, and yes, I'm always astounded by americans who think that your income bracket defines your class.

> Here in the US I've heard families earning from $30k to $200k, working jobs from manual labor to white collar, call themselves "middle class."

Sounds perfectly reasonable to me. Where I'm from, the most important marker for middle class is that you value education very highly, and that you don't value physical labour above any kind of work.

Obviously, the people in your example at the low end of the pay scale would most likely be lower middle class, and those at the upper would be upper middle class. The major distinctions between those would be how to perform social interactions and the size of their social networks, but they all agree that life's goal is to send your kids through college.

(As opposed to being working class which means you do not value education highly, and you value physical labour ("real work!") higher than any other kind of work.)
Not in the least, language goes on to influence culture, national ideas and mores (and vice versa). That then goes on to influence who, and what, you are.

It's common for multi lingual people to feel more direct in one language over another, or for it to influence them in other ways of both mood and thought.

To give, perhaps a somewhat clichéd example, consider the Himba tribe who rather famously do not distinguish linguistically between blue and green[1], only having half the colour groups we do. They do not have words to shape a simple view, and go on to have difficulty telling apart colours we would have no difficulty at all differentiating. But if you were to show them 20 different shades of green that we'd struggle to tell apart they'd clearly see differences.

I'd say that's a reasonable case that language, and use or otherwise of the concept it conveys, can make a rather dramatic difference.

[1] http://6thfloor.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/04/its-not-easy-se...
Yes but this is a home, and not some generic investment.

I can either live in the home, saving livings costs (rent), or I can rent it out and generate income, which will pay for the interest on the loan.
Ask HN: Reasonable compensation for reverse vesting clause?
Hi guys, we need your input here.

Picture the following sticky situation in a startup:

- Product development took ~4 man-years before incorporation.

- Three founders, A, B and C, ~33% shares each.

- C is the only founder that works full time for the startup, A and B serve as advisors, part-time.

- Modest but promising revenue.

- In need for investment.

An investor is now asking C (only C) to accept to a reverse vesting clause. C is asking A and B for compensation in exchange for this commitment (possibly, in additional stock).

Given these circumstances, what would be a fair way to restructure the cap table of the company?

Needless to say, non-agreement most likely kills the company.
RIDs and giant tanks of fuel are roughly equal in fungibility. You can even make RIDs into a liquid if you inscribe them on ping pong balls.

Let's imagine a slightly different scenario. Oil companies are forced to directly buy biodiesel, and biodiesel is so bad that they don't even bother adding it to their fuel. Someone could sell them empty tanks and then they wouldn't have to figure out how to dispose of unwanted biodiesel. Think of it as an optimization.

So in that scenario, there are no credits, there is no broken 1-1 link between numbers and gallons. There's just fake-production fraud. The problem there is fake-production fraud, and the problem in real life is fake-production fraud. Not the RIDs.
according to Modern Portfolio Theory and the Capital Asset Pricing Model, an undiversified portfolio contains risk that is not being compensated; that the only rational way to invest is in a (weighted) little bit of everything; and that a little diversification is better than no diversification.

Which is same conceptually as "investing on average across the entire country". So, while I'm not encouraging real estate investing, what you are saying runs completely against the generally accepted conclusions of Finance Theory.
FreeBSD: Signed checksums are linked from the same table as the ISOs on the download page:

https://www.freebsd.org/where.html
https://www.freebsd.org/releases/10.3R/signatures.html

Downloads are via FTP by default, but I agree with those that HTTPS cannot be trusted either. Signatures plus building up key trust is the way to go.

Hopefully Keybase.io will make it easier in the future to establish trust in such keys.
Drive by wire. I don't think large ships like these have had mechanical controls in decades.
The underlying article by Siderea is absolutely fantastic as well. Must-read before any discussions of class!
Do ten times the amount of study and practice as the rest of the crowd.

Read the best and as many relevant books you can afford about current and next subjects you are working on. Keep reading. Don't stop reading.
I disagree. While the price of agricultural product declines, the production increases. And because transportation gets better, the population change in the developed countries matters less as you get to serve the world market. Also, at least in europe, we get massive subventions that end up as an investment without risk. And also: population is not a good measure for the need of agricultural need. For example, the growing demand for meat in China is said to be of greater impact to the world market than the population increase.
Many countries in the Middle East still require exit visas. Dubai (UAE) is one of them
price not listed.
This goes both ways:

(1) a ban on a country is usually there for a temporary reason of leverage on leaders/system of government on which the citizens may have a varying degree of control through different means.

(2) However, a ban on a religion which has many movements (some of them infighting), and radically opposed views and some crazies, on which the majority have no control or relationship with whatsoever could seem more wrong.

(1) is trading on an existing system of unethical attributes (2) is creating an additional one.

Let's not forget that the USA was founded by people who were looking for religious freedom and peace from prosecution.

A test on specific beliefs is much more appropriate and actually already implemented on immigration forms (e.g. questions on polygamy).
> You'd have a higher standard of living in Cleveland at $100k than in San Francisco at $250k.

That’s a hyperbolic exaggeration. If you pay for a 2 bedroom apartment, transportation, food (even if the SF person only shops at Whole Foods or wherever), utilities, comparable health insurance, etc., then the SF person on a $250k salary is going to have considerably more left over to spend on whatever else they want.
Actually the title is: Rainbows End. No apostrophe.
This is what is different about real estate from all other investments -- you have you put your money towards it, whether it's an investment or not. You might not realize any gains on a mortgaged property, but it could be a better hold of money than rent.
Economic class is not just a function of income.

The definition of middle-class is someone whose economic survival and security are reasonably assured. If you're middle-class, you usually aren't worrying where your next dollar is coming from. You have at least a little discretionary spending money. You have some free time.

In a rural area, where the cost of living is very low (and maybe you raise some of your own food), that might be possible on $30k. In the city it's likely to take at least twice that.

Conversely, as long as you have to work to maintain your lifestyle, you're middle-class, not upper-class. Even if you're making $600k, if quitting your job is not a realistic option because of the mortgage on your mansion, the payments on your Ferrari, and a couple of failed investments -- you're middle-class. You're way at the upper end of the middle class, but you're still middle-class.

Now, certainly, if you're making $600k and you're reasonably careful with your money, you have a golden opportunity to make investments that can, in a relatively short time, put you into the upper class. But you're not there until you have enough passive income to live on indefinitely.
I am sure there are many great forums on the internet in which to spin the yarn of fictional histories.

However, The facts are what they are, and if you're white, no need to feel guilty, but please be more considerate in the present and the future.

And please, before you feel the need to explain how the European colonialists civilized the savages, which is all you're saying with that comment about the iron age, consider, in keeping with our fiction theme, the Prime Directive, it's justifications, it's implications and how it applies to our life as human beings on this planet.
tl;dr site review: Pros: Very good TLS setup. Cons: 4 MB, renders in about half a minute on a modern desktop, redirects from passportindex.org to www.passportindex.org/index.php.
This is self-evidently correct, but is not politically correct... The complete abdication of responsibility of the European colonial powers after WW2 is one of the great tragedies of the 20th century.
I got thrown into a react project last year that switched from flummox to redux.

I had no idea what was happening, just had to get new featurea ready quick.

When I got some strange errors, someone told me about pure functions and stuff.

I mean, I knew what they were, I just didn't use them all the time.

All in all pretty confusing, coming from Ember and two-way-binding.

But through Redux I found RxJS and became a better dev, I think :)
If you find yourself apologizing for conquest, it's fine to just go ahead and stop there.

---

To elaborate with less snark: No one is complaining about the good things. It's the violence and exploitation and coercion that are bad. The conquerors don't get "points" for the good stuff that they can redeem against their sins (or crimes if you prefer) to somehow balance the bad stuff out. What a strange idea!

If I stab you in the guts and then hand you a free milkshake, does that make it okay?
I chatted to some educated Afghanis and they thought the period of greatest peace and prosperity in their life times was the Russian occupation which the US went to some effort to end. I sometimes wonder if western policies to bring democracy to Islamic areas by bombing them really do much good. We could perhaps just bribe the dictators to up their human rights a bit.

Syria is an ongoing case where there remain options. I think our tactful new foreign secretary may have the right idea that we should hold our noses and work with "the linchpin of a vast post-Soviet gangster kleptocracy" who looks "a bit like Dobby the House Elf" and the "manipulative tyrant Assad". http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/1...
I was about to say it. Expected a massive down-vote though.
> And without sufficient auditing and enforcement you'll get scams and your goals will not be achieved.

Auditing and enforcement are critical. Shipping around physical gallons does not get rid of that need. Physical gallons could just as easily be water if nobody checks. I don't see why you blame the abstraction.
yeah, they are called 'second passport' guides.

assuming marriage is unfavorable and you don't want to pretend to be jewish, there are a couple of treaties you can take advantage of, typically old imperialist countries have guilt trips with their former south american or african colonies and have an easy citizenship path for citizens in those former colonies. But then those former colonies have really malleable government officials so you can get one passport and upgrade to EU, in theory.

then next way that is less theoretical requires money, liquid, cash.

Malta is in the EU and lets you buy an EU citizenship and passport. Takes one year, it isn't that expensive though. ~500,000 euros. Any homeowner in the bay area could do it. The majority of the cost is a real estate or bond investment, so you actually still have your principle.

Many first world countries like the US have pay for citizenship programs if you are wealthy and have liquid assets. Malta's is most analogous to the US' EB-5 citizenship investment program, except you get free trade and travel with a bunch of other countries (like if you really wanted to take advantage of Germany's laws or the UK's laws for your next domicile or company)

St. Kitts and Nevis is a federation in the Caribbean, they offer the same thing for like $250,000. The US State Department cautions investment with that country because of some favorable expropriation laws that government granted itself, but it is no different than civil asset forfeiture in almost any US state. The key point in St. Kitts and Nevis being a federation, like the United States, is that Nevis itself is a semi-autonomous state, like North Carolina would be. And has duplicate laws and officials that fly far under the radar for most international purposes. So, just keep that in mind if you ever need to get crafty.
It seems like you want to live in another city. Part of what many people like about Houston is the lack of zoning. People tend to live close to where they work. The city doesn't really need a business area and a commercial area and a residential area.

What neighborhoods are you talking about? I don't see anything near the Brutalist style anywhere in the city. A lot of the older parts of Houston have those three story townhomes, but they all look pretty nice. A lot of the homes that those places are replacing were pretty rough.
Yes. If you want to amuse yourself, take a look at the "I Want Out" section of Reddit. How quickly people begin to question when they realize how restrictive the situation really is. It all seems rational until you discover you can't spend more than three months in your girlfriend's country, or accept that job offer if some committee hasn't placed it in the "skilled labor" column.
My understanding is that processing power stopped increasing because of heat limitations. Although, there may lie another engineering problem waiting to be solved.
Not really. He did agree to their traffic being intercepted as a plausible reason as to how this can be explained.

> MediaNama: So the only way they can understand what to block via this route is by sniffing every packet?

> Matthew Prince, Cloudflare: That is what I’m concerned about, but we don’t have a satisfactory answer at this point. But you are correct, that is what I infer.
OTOH, the alternative use of mortgage payment money isn't index funds, it's rent, a guaranteed total loss every time. Merely keeping up with inflation (or even falling behind it by quite a bit) is GREAT compared to throwing money away that you'll never see again.
If that's your claim, then you should say that explicitly, and make it clear what your criticism is, rather than making it look like you failed to read the article. "While the intent may be ..., the end result will almost certainly be ..."
Most real estate investors would take issue with "getting lucky" as the main factor in outperforming the market. Unlike knowing whether a stock in the public markets is over- or under-valued, knowing how to increase the value of your rental without breaking the bank doesn't require years of research, insider knowledge, and fair fortune. Real estate will, for the foreseeable future, provide market-beating yields to those that know how to use it and aren't afraid of the extra work it takes to maintain and run (as compared to holding a stock).
There is nothing illogical about it.

If all the worlds borders were open then economies would move to the average. Workers in poor countries would move to rich countries (because they have higher wages) until those countries wages had gone down, and the countries they left would have their wages go up due to the supply decrease in workers.

It's complete logical self interest for country richer than the average to not want to allow this to happen.
Do you suggest that they've used your findings without referencing you? You can make an inquiry I believe. Other than that, if their method is completely different or they've arrived to the same solution independently - there is nothing wrong. It is not about the competition who was first, isn't it?
I'm not quite sure what your point is. Nobody should own a house because it requires sinking too much capital into that could be better spent? While you may have some point there, that's not really realistic. I own a home and I didn't sink a lot of assets into it because it was going to be a great investment, but because I wanted to own a home.
One of the points addressed in this paper is the degree of testing that already needs to be done in order to proclaim that these systems are safer than humans with statistical rigour. Tesla says that their systems are _statistically safer_ than human drivers, but there is simply not enough data to make this conclusion. I respectfully suggest that you read the paper.