skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
OK, you asked! LISP was originally developed as a language for writing recursive functions of symbolic expressions (S-expressions). It was roughly based on lambda calculus, the language developed by Alonzo Church. But roughly is the key word. S-expressions are given by the context-free grammar:

S ::= A | [] | (S . S)

One can write data structures this way and lists by using the abbreviation:

(S1 . (S2 . ( ... ( SK . ()) ...))) == (S1 S2 ... SK)

The terms that manipulated these S-expressions were called M-expressions. They were first-order terms. McCarthy's key idea was to use a conditional in conjunction with a label form to define recursive functions (in the service of various AI applications). The M-expressions were defined roughly as follows:

M ::= S | x | if[M; M; M] | f[M; ...; M]

f ::= lambda[[x1; ...; xn]; M] | label[g; M]

(I'm not 100% confident that I remember the exact details on this syntax but the idea is correct!)

McCarthy wanted to show that his new language was Turing-complete. So he wanted to exhibit a universal function APPLY (derivable from f above) such that for any function f and arguments M1; ...; Mk such that f[M1; ...; Mk] evaluates to S-expression S, well, given a representation of f[M1;...;Mk], lets call it, hat(f[M1;...;Mk]), well

APPLY[hat(f); hat(M1);...;hat(Mk)] would evaluate to hat(S). This is pretty much a standard formulation of the recursion-theoretic argument. In order to close the sale, McCarthy had to exhibit such an APPLY and also the hat(.) function.
Sadly for all of us LISP lovers (!) he botched the definition of hat(.)! It left people utterly confused for 30+ years. Such a shame.

Fixed a couple of typos. Sorry! Fixed one other typo! It's been a while...
Why? Because how many times have you fallen into a peat bog and couldn't get out?
"In 2014 total federal compensation averaged $119,934, or 78 percent more than the private-sector average of $67,246."

http://www.downsizinggovernment.org/federal-worker-pay
For people like me Firefox offer the best of both worlds:

* No google keylogger in the main url bar (but local autocomplete based on previous history, bookmarks etc)

* access to autocomplete in search field next to url bar (I think removing this was one of the simplifications in the original Chrome.)

Ctrl-L: go to url bar

Ctrl-K: go to search field
It's really nice to see him coherent.
Lock-free algorithms don't usually depend on an OS being present. They could just as easily run in an environment that has no scheduler. But if the algorithm calls malloc, that is a hard dependency.

If an algorithm depends on malloc, it needs to prove that lock-free/wait-free malloc() exists before calling itself lock/wait-free.
They provided a build of Windows 10 for old Lumias, so it would be a gesture of goodwill to crank out "Windows 10 Mobile for Tablets" for those 'maybe 6 people'.

After all, what is a Surface RT except a large screen phone that doesn't make phone calls.
I don't think so, but I also don't understand the complaint you seem to have.
That is my favorite piece of Buffet's writing, for a different reason:

> Over the years, we had the option of making large capital expenditures in the textile operation that would have allowed us to somewhat reduce variable costs. Each proposal to do so looked like an immediate winner.

> But the promised benefits from these textile investments
were illusory. Many of our competitors, both domestic and
foreign, were stepping up to the same kind of expenditures and, once enough companies did so, their reduced costs became the baseline for reduced prices industrywide.

This is a great illustration of why capitalism is not inherently innovational. If it is cheaper to exploit workers than to automate, the market will exploit workers instead of automating.

I am not so sure Kodak had any other developed businesses where they could have re-allocated so much capital. Something similar seems to be happening with Yahoo now.
We lived in upstate NY during the 1960's and I visited the Kodak campus in Rochester, I think as a cub scout. It was an amazing place. I remember feeling awe as we were walked through this long dark place where they proofed new rolls of film. The memory of the feeling, at least, is still quite clear after all these years. Great to read all the anecdotes about the company here.
Show HN: Music Discovery Service
Pokemon Go: An AR marketing experiment with monster potential
Knowing different languages you could have inner monologue in the language of your choice, but one doesn't have to. I think when you speak enough languages it's easier to come to the point where your thoughts don't have a language or at least one could loose that sense. When speaking, you almost have to think in a specific language, anyone who conversed with different persons in different languages would know that it takes time to "switch" to a different though model, that's because you have a loop between Wernicke's area, Broca's area and (pre)motor cortex and it takes effort to change language fast. Hence verbal translators only become good with a lot of practice.
Demis Hassabis: Towards General Artificial Intelligence
0 capital gains tax for most people. For a long-term investment, just that part can be a huge win, depending on inflation rates.
I just got this prompt yesterday and explicitly opted out. It has it opted in currently in the Activity Controls of my account. Clearly this opt out screen does not work.
Wow. Yes, that changes this completely. Being able to let unsigned code boot on your device is very different from being able to let code you have signed boot, which is what we need for users to have effective control over their computing.
So I have a Surface RT; I've looked around for a guide to get it moved to Ubuntu so I can play around with Swift Linux.
Can anybody point me to a recent article so I can make this paper weight useful? Maybe something like this http://hackaday.com/2014/05/01/mirror-mirror-on-the-wall/
One engine is too powerful, actually. That's why they call the final burn a "suicide burn": the rocket can't throttle down far enough to hover, so you've got one chance.
qutebrowser¹ is fantastic. I just wish it had more ways to block trackers on webpages (other than just completely disabling JavaScript—even being able to whitelist JavaScript on certain hostnames would be a huge start).

――――――

¹ — https://qutebrowser.org/
I mean, yeah, coulda, woulda, shoulda... but those sorts of alternate histories require some kind of A Priori knowledge that NeXT might become an incredible company, beyond that, augmenting the path of a company like NeXT will contaminate the timeline, provoking unpredictable ripple effects in the subsequent continuum. If Skynet kills John Connor, what will the machine world look like? What happens if Marty listens to Needles, and accepts his dare again??? (:

Without divining, based on now-known realities, that they had no insight into, what could have been done?

Apple's total disintegration isn't entirely imaginable at this precise moment, but planning for some dreaded rainy day, what disaster strategies could they use to anticipate a total failure of their bread and butter?

Microsoft probably IS facing this scenario. What can they do?
A successful test flight for a battery-powered plane
I've for a long time wondered if anyone has successfully just gone full ipv6 only with a substantial container/vm roll-out. On paper it should have:

1) enough addresses. Just enough. For everything. For everyone. Google-scale enough.

2) Good out-of-the box dynamic assignment of addresses.

And finally, optional integration with ipsec, which I get might in the end be over-engineered, and under-used -- but wouldn't it be nice if you could just trust the network (you'd still have to bootstrap trust somehow, probably running your own x509 CA -- but how nice to be able to flip open any book on networking from the 80s and just replace the ipv4 addressing with ipv6 and just go ahead and use plain rsh and /etc/allow.hosts as your entire infrastructure for actually secure intra-cluster networking -- even across data-centres and what not. [ed: and secure nfsv3! wo-hoo]).

But anyway, have anyone actually done this? Does it work (for a meaningfully large value of work)?
> Most people today can't comprehend the scale of American manufacturing as it still was at that time.

This.

During my seven years at the Windsor, CO Kodak plant (see my other comment below for more) it was crazy to hear of the heyday (I was there 2002-2009, not the heyday). It was the 2nd largest Kodak manufacturing center (bested only by Rochester) and built in the 60s. It was a sprawling campus of huge concrete buildings with almost no windows (great for film!). The campus had it's own fire department and power plant.

It was a ghost of it's former self when I started but by the time I left entire buildings were vacant. At it's peak the plant had 3,200 employees. A lot of people there had worked in Rochester and from their stories I could hardly fathom the manufacturing operation there being so much larger than ours.

Maybe that's part of the reason Kodak moved so slow - all those buildings and people and essentially small factory cities are not something you can change overnight.
I'm confused, shouldn't people be supplying type signatures to make the compilers job easier? I use plenty of lambdas in Haskell, but my top level functions are always typed.
We are talking about the best of the best, the cream of the crop when we are talking about Meritocracy, not the private sector average.

I'm saying these people wouldn't be interested in wasting their time doing such nonsense and be on top of that poorly compensated.

$119,934 is ridiculously low pay for top performers.
The FT claims that the deal has been done for £23.4bn.

https://next.ft.com/content/0cc23483-7681-3018-8e9d-80c2dd77...

>Japan’s SoftBank has agreed to acquire Arm Holdings, the UK’s preeminent technology company, for £23.4bn in an enormous bet by the Japanese telecoms group that the smartphone chip designer will make it a leader in one of the next big tech markets, the internet of things.

Apparently that is a 40% premium on market cap. [1]

[1] http://www.bbc.com/news/business-36822272
rent divided by price? As the price increases you become more likely to buy?

Also, the monthly rent?
You’ve been charging your smartphone wrong
Ad personalization is on by default. The checkbox that says:

> Also use Google Account activity and information to personalize ads on these websites and apps and store that data in your Google Account

Should be off if you didn't opt-in though. I just tested it with a new Google account and it was off after I opted out.
No, savvy real estate investors with a lot of hard-won knowledge beat the market and, more importantly, achieve their returns consistently in a variety of economic climates. It's not based on luck but, like using a piece of farmland optimally, requires knowledge of how to best leverage the asset. Unlike traders/mutual fund managers/hedge funds, who have been shown time and again to be charlatans, the regulars in real estate prove the naysayers wrong year after year.
You don't really need IPv6 to do this. IPv4 is sufficient; you just need to assign more than 1 IP address to your physical interfaces. This has been possible since at least the early 1990s.

The problem is that many cloud providers (ahem EC2) don't make this trivially easy like they should.
I was going to suggest that as an option, but it wouldn't be viable for everyone, or make economic sense for a high end Windows box. So I didn't.
I find it rather hilarious that all you can muster is 'that's racist'. It pretty much means 'I can't produce a coherent argument that counters what you said but I don't like it, so I'll call it x-ist'.

Your second point might make sense if Africa had middle class before Europeans arrived. The fact that there is civilization there after colonization doesn't in any way refute the original point.

I personally don't know whether Africa was on track to have civilization without colonialism (other people commenting that 'people around the world got there' is nonsense as most societies throughout history didn't get civilization on their own). But I detest trying to shut someone up merely because you don't find their thinking agreeable.
Microscope display comparisons on Oneplus 3, Nexus 5 and iPhone 4s
To be fair, the government's computer systems really are just that crappy. Technical debt and obsolete systems that still kind-of-sorta work are always the last things to be addressed in budgets.

There is also no incentive for the government to do anything other than 'try' in the most perfunctory manner possible. One solution would be to make a separate entity responsible whose performance is judged based on what they can actually dig up (of course someone has to get the funds and resources for these people to work).

There is no incentive to build systems that are optimized for FOIA requests (ie enough hardware to search the data, or data indexed in ways that make it easily possible). I doubt servicing FOIA requests is super high up on the spec list when a system is designed.

There are also legitimate issues concerning cost recovery: think of it in terms of paying for someone to spin up new instances to hit multi-TB databases for a couple of days, then paying someone else to see if the results are responsive, if they're actually releasable in terms of security, privacy, etc. And then you have to deal with the less legitimate requests that come along. I think serving FOIA requests is a core part of the government (both ideally and by law) and resources should be spent accordingly.

Finally, there are government officials, especially at the state and local level, who use the above excuses to make it hard for people to find out what they're up to. The worst effect of the issues listed above is providing these people with cover and plausible excuses which are used to stonewall legitimate investigation by the people they serve.
And beat Kodak with the grace of an anaconda eating a chicken...What a way to shut them up.
The real problem is that cloud providers don't provide out-of-the-box functionality to assign more than one IP to a network interface. If they did this, there wouldn't even be an issue.

I've been requesting this feature from the EC2 team at AWS for some time about this, to no avail. You can bind multiple interfaces (ENIs) to an instance (up to 6, I think, depending on the instance size), each with a separate IP address, but not multiple IPs to a single interface.

BGP, flannel, vxlan, etc. are IMO a waste of cycles and add needless complexity to what could otherwise be a very simple architecture.
Isn't that what most people think about their country? I think it's choice-supportive bias. I could be living in the US, but I think Greece is a better country, and I'm sure you think the opposite.
A Stack of Free Weights
Activity Controls is whether or not Google logs Web/App activity. The Ads opt-out controls interest-based ads as a whole, including from Web & App Activity if enabled.
New measurements fail to show connection between gravity and quantum mechanics
One reason I have to use Chrome (over Chromium) is so I can use Netflix due to DRM plugin required: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/chromium-browser/+...

Otherwise I agree, Chromium is faster and has less suprises
This is the opportunistic genius of Masayoshi "Masa" Son as one of the most successful technology investors of our time. He's taking advantage of the weak GBP thanks to the whole Brexit fiasco. As a major carrier in Japan and an owner of Sprint, this move makes total sense.
> in an enormous bet

It's a lot of money but I'm not sure it's that much of a bet.
This makes me wonder when did the acquisition talks begin.
An excellent, and sobering article from Shiller.

It is rather unfortunate that such mythology and conventional wisdom around real estate being a wonderful "investment" has built up, to the extent that it's now challenging to have a sensible discussion with anybody on the topic. Who knows how many young adults have been pressured into real estate by their families, partners, and others, rather than following their passions in other areas.

I've bought and sold a number of homes over the years, and I prefer owning to renting, for practical reasons. Still, it's frustrating that everybody encourages one to put much more money that is necessary into a home.

Right now, I live in a 50-year old property with an original bathroom and flooring. In talking to architects, contractors, neighbors and the like, nobody really seems to get the concept of renovating these items, bringing them up to modern standards and catching up on deferred maintenance, as opposed to overcapitalizing. The general assumption seems to be that this kind of thing is an "investment", and therefore the more money spent, the better, despite mounds of evidence to the contrary.
Understanding Gate Pass and It’s Importance
Right, but cutting power completely might take weeks to reconcile, exposing your faction to painful, expensive, irrecoverable levels of sabotage, even if you do clip a serious opponent's wings doing so.

It might be a move interpreted in ways so politically costly, that you'd only trade a serious opponent in the short term, for an inertia of lasting public resentment that creates larger enemies down the road.

But, break some eggs and make an omelet. What do I know?
My family makes significantly over 150k per year, and we still consider ourselves middle class. Class isn't about income, it's about values and culture, as numerous articles linked elsewhere in the comments explain.
> Sure, when Lisp came out it was "advanced". Garbage collection, AST parsing and manipulation, macros, packages, a standard library, modules, homoiconic data structures, etc.

The big advantage of Lisp is that is has homoiconic code, and that it's easy to work with that code, and that's it's easy to extend that code.

Lisp doesn't actually have a very good module system: but ASDF extends it so that it does. Lisp didn't actually have any OO features, but CLOS extended it so that it does.

That's the advantage of Lisp (and Lisp-like languages) which I've never encountered elsewhere: you can grow and expand the language. You don't have to wait for some committee or gatekeeper: you can do it, right now. Your way may not be the best, but you can do it.

I really miss that in other languages.
You'd be surprised at what insurers are willing to insure. It just depends on what price. Just because there is no specific data about reusable rockets doesn't mean it can't be insured based on other factors.
Neat! now my company can no longer worry about FIVEEYES having control of the spec, or the company that makes it. probably the best news of the year for me.
> However, a limited vocabulary limits one's thinking in the same way that writing everything in assembly will limit how and what you write despite the fact that everything can be written in assembly.

I'm not sure I would agree. You said it yourself: "despite the fact that everything can be written in assembly". It does limit your writing and speaking but good vocabulary is not a prerequisite for a good ability to think. People can think differently, some have more language oriented thinking, others visual, abstract or even logical etc, all depending on the areas you are working in.
I use Netflix in Chromium via chromium-widevine (in the AUR if you use Arch.)
> The most legible font is the one you're used to.

Maybe for you, but don't assume that is true for everybody. It took many months of trying various font rendering configurations (Infinality in ClearType-ish and OSX-ish modes as well as custom modes) before I settled on my current[1] configuration. I'm very familiar with having to spend some time adjusting to different modes, but in my opinion, this the differences in rendering greatly overshadowed the differences from seeing an unusual/new setup.

Perception of text on a screen is affected - at a minimum - by the rendering technique (AA, subpixel-AA, hinting, contrast of the font, contrast of the display, eyesight of the viewer, and the ambient lighting in the room. Maybe in your situation the subtleties of font rendering are not that important. On my monitor, I find [1] to be a lot easier to read than any of the examples (both before and after) that were linked in the announcement.

> very little value

I'm sure most people are fine with sensible defaults, but please, try to remember that "value" is often subjective. People even disagree about which criteria represent high value.

[1] http://i.imgur.com/wMWmNKt.png?1 (esp. the 12px row)

(No, you don't want to see my messy custom fontconfig configuration that overrides a LOT of fo0nts choices and forces them into the handful of fonts that I find easier to read. Yes, that took another few months of experimentation.)

edit:

> vector fonts were a mistake

That depends a lot on what you are doing with them. While I was talking about vector fonts, the amazing font

-xos4-terminus-medium-r-normal--14-140-72-72-c-80-iso10646-1

is still my favorite. Fortunately, it's easy to use both old-style bitmap fonts and modern fontconfig/freetype rendering in X. Each type of font can be used where they are appropriate. Honorable mention: "Dina".

If you doubt the benefit of a high-quality rendering of a (appropriately hinted) vector font, try loading [2] and [3] (source: a very enlightening article[4]) in separate tabs and switching between them (so the images are in the same position). Image [2] uses modern techniques to render each line 0.1px further right, accumulating 3px over 30 lines. The other image [3] rounds the x offset to the pixel grid. Modern rasterizing techniques can align font rendering to 1/256th of a pixel!

[2] http://www.antigrain.com/research/font_rasterization/sample_...

[3] http://www.antigrain.com/research/font_rasterization/sample_...

[4] http://www.antigrain.com/research/font_rasterization/index.h...
what about 'don't be evil'; have they silently changed the corporate motto, or is it now an 'opt-in' clause ? ( opt-in for the customers 'request that no evil be done to you', the customers are otherwise known as 'the product' https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2013/11/surveillance_... )
How does Vault verify the identity of the host requesting access to the credentials? I didn't find anything in the documentation that would give me information pertaining to that.
People keep talking about link state database overhead, but how significant is this in reality? The graphs we're talking about, even in huge deployments, are small.

If you're running etcd or consul, I'm not sure you retain the right to call LSA flooding "complicated". It's simple compared to RAFT!
Maybe I'm not thinking straight because I'm up to my ears in ARM chips (my cell phone, tablet, half a dozen homemade gizmos, etc.). And I know they don't actually make the chips themselves, but GBP 2.2e+09 doesn't seem like a lot for a technology that has so much influence.

Correction: 2.2e10, as noted. Now I know I'm not thinking straight.
I published a paper on this in the ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS) back in 1992. The title was "M-LISP: A Representation-independent Dialect of LISP with Reduction Semantics". No need to read it, the punch-line is above.

Fixed yet another typo.
You may have a doppelganger
TempleOS always blows me away, it's a project of such big scope that I'm very impressed that a single person has managed to do all this.