skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> IIRC, blacks are 13% of the population yet 30% of the police killings.

Yes, and blacks are 13% of the population but 38% of the murderers (to use your & the OP's numbers). The point is that in two random encounters with two random people (one black, one white), the black person is more likely to be a murderer than the white person. That's not racist: it's just a fact.

As an example, I'll use the 2013 FBI crime statistics (https://www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2013/...) and 2015 U.S. Census data (https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/) — yes, there will be some inaccuracy due to using different years' data, but the 2015 crime data isn't yet available by race that I could find. In 2015, 77.1% of the U.S. population — 247,813,910 people — were white; 3,799 whites were arrested for murder in 2013, for an arrested-murderer rate of 1:65,200. In 2015, 13.3% of the U.S. population — 42,748,703 people — were black; 4,379 blacks were arrested for murder in 2013, for an arrested-murderer rate of 1:9,760.

Assuming the correctness of those numbers, and assuming that black and whites are fairly arrested for murder, any random black person one encounters is 6.68 times as likely to be a murderer as a white person.

Now, there are no doubt some very powerful arguments that blacks and whites are not equally treated when it comes to murder arrests, but even if only half of all blacks arrested for murder are guilty and as many white murderers are never arrested for murder as are, the multiplier would still be 1.67, and honestly those assumptions are a stretch.

Given the previous assumption of fairness, police killing blacks 3.49 times as often as whites would indicate that they are actually almost twice as cautious of killing blacks (or twice as quick to kill whites) as the actual random-encounter risk would predict: 6.68/3.49 = 1.91.
It was part of my point, but not the main part. My main point is that Holmes and Madoff are potentially different - that I think Madoff is probably a sociopath is only part of that. That is hard to objectively establish. But what is objectively established is that Madoff knew what he was doing. I am unsure if Holmes is knowingly scamming people. My main concern with the comment I replied to is that, based on my reading, they implied Madoff may have unknowingly defrauded people, which is not the case. He knew what he was doing. Unfortunately, is-or-is-not-a-sociopath became the most commented on part.

Thanks for applying the principle of charity! (In case the tone of my text is unclear, that is a genuine sentiment.)
The fact that the officer believes the person he's dealing with is (more) likely to have a firearm can have an impact on the outcome of the interaction. The fact that the person doesn't have one doesn't mean the officer doesn't have to worry that they do, it just hasn't come into play yet.
Would be curious to hear what Elasticsearch is doing wrong if you don't mind. I have no dog in the fight, I just always hear good things.
GHM: GNU Hackers' Meeting 2016 (Aug 18-20,  Rennes (Brittany, France))
The biggest issue with this, is that the average temperatures don't change that quickly, so you're treading pavement in most of these locations waiting for the temps to change. It's a year long road trip in the most agonizingly slow way possible. Neat premise though.
Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12052525
Elon Musk Calls Fortune's Newest Article Part of an Anti-Tesla Conspiracy
Iceland has a population of 330k. I.e the size of a small back water town. Whatever they
do has 0 impact globally.
Facebook took the same route as Google by providing secret conversations. However you look at this, this is a good step in the right direction. I still prefer Whatsapp and Signal because they both use E2E encryption by default.
I'm coming to the conclusion that a better long-term solution might be more along the lines of what Pembient[1] is doing: devise methods to produce ivory and related materials in the lab, ensure that it is indistinguishable from the "organic" stuff, and then flood the market into oblivion.

Anti-poaching methods are obviously needed to fill in the gaps while technology catches up, and should be continued or perhaps even escalated. But the most effective weapon against poachers could prove to be the very markets that draw people to poaching in the first place. Remove poaching's feasibility as a lucrative profession, and the profession dies.

[1]: http://pembient.com
This totally rewrites history. The idea of scrapping upper bounds was introduced by Brian O'Sullivan https://mail.haskell.org/pipermail/haskell-cafe/2012-August/... whereupon it was adopted by yesod as you can see by comparing http://hackage.haskell.org/package/yesod-1.1.0 (before bos's verdict) and http://hackage.haskell.org/package/yesod-1.1.0.1 (after bos's verdict). If you study the cabal file for yesod 1.1.0 you will see that the method it employed then was extreme restriction of constraints. I don't use stack all that much, and certainly disapprove of omitting upper bounds, but the truth is, it was a chamber of horrors to get really large complex builds to work in those days. pandoc and yesod in particular were really hopeless, and one was constantly explaining to beginners how to get these things to work. Now these problems don't arise; if you are building something that will require 50 libraries to be installed, of course you use stack.
Microsoft doesn't know the meaning of the word cross platform, and never has. The conditionals on their latest cross platform offering do little to repair that image.

They only go far enough to bait and switch you and then after they get you they cut funding for maintenance and the cross platform bits rot away.
My response is that we just have to try harder. He's focusing only on encryption and ignoring the massive social problem of one company or a few companies having a monopoly on digital communication. Just like whether or not I'm spied on is irrelevant to whether or not I have the right to private (encrypted) communications, it doesn't matter who has monopoly or what they use it for. We should not be building infrastructure that encourages monopolies, and unfederated services are by definition monopolies.
Personally, I always thought Visual Studio Code was interesting, but I didn't like the lack of Vim support. So I spent the last month working on the VSCodeVim extension, and now I think it's much better.

If lack of Vim key bindings has been putting you off, give it a shot now! (And if there's anything missing, log it as an issue in our repository - we'll try to get to it quickly. https://github.com/VSCodeVim/Vim)
Let's word this a different way.

If 6 black people's homes were on fire, and 4 white people's homes were on fire, wouldn't it make more sense to send firefighters to all the houses?

It should be recognised that having a violent interaction with police in America occurs more often than every other first world country regardless if your black or white.
I'm a reasonably well compensated white person, and you might be surprised at how often I get pulled over. I don't get shot because I keep my hands on the steering wheel and I don't make any sudden movements.
Theresa May or Andrea Leadsom: Who Is the Better Public Speaker?
Dallas Police Use EOD Robot to Kill Sniper
>The Rust community is exceptionally good at avoiding trolls and flamewars. One side goal of this project is to provide a safe and sane way of using SSH without having to read pages of insults.

What insults is the author referring to?
Notebook Gamer Barato Para Jogos
Excellent link, but no need to poopoo a post because the author's vocab didn't include a word you expected.
I don't know why you're talking about highways and I'm not interested in debating with you if you are hell-bent on ascribing an "you should do as we do" attitude to me.
"no longer necessary from revision ff376ccacb36."
Apollo: Everything you need to start using GraphQL
Check out climate.com
We are building the tools for farmers to use all these data.
We have offices in SF, Seattle, Chicago and St Louis if you are interested.
I'm by no means an expert in the area, but i know that the Freedman-Diaconis rule (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedman%E2%80%93Diaconis_rule) is used by the seaborn Python plotting library (https://web.stanford.edu/~mwaskom/software/seaborn/index.htm...) which seems to consistently produce good results.
Wouldn't that be trivially defeated with a small packet of tin foil?
> Exxon is only one foreign company

It's starting to sound like you're one of the bond holders or securities tied to the bonds.
Exxon is consistently in the top 10 on F500, and was an absolutely critical part of bloodline. Nationalization of Exxon was the an act of desperation, the last gasp, not "just one company".
Having visited Venezuela, it is obvious there are huge problems with the state of affairs that no foreign investments are going to solve.
(Edit:identation)
> Though such cases have been few and far between, soundness bugs have shown up in Rust, and some oddities in the way RAII works have lead to the notion of Prepooping your pants[1] to avoid use-after-free bugs.

There's a huge difference between checking your program for memory model violations, and checking the compiler for correctness.

Given a program written 99.9% in safe Rust, and a minimum set of unsafe stubs (trivial enough to prove) to access outside world (syscalls), you can assume you're safe against RCE. The holes are more likely in the supporting logic outside your program - kernel, dynamic loaders, network stacks, debug/trace interfaces, row hammer, etc.

> Rust is a phenomenal language, and one I'm placing a lot of faith in, but it provides only very specific guarantees and it's unwise to assume it will protect you from more than it actually does

I do agree with this point, though. It guarantees you will not escape the envelope of a specific memory model and defined behavior, up to the boundary of "unsafe" blocks, and assuming the runtime environment is not interfered with externally. You still need all those externalities to be secure, and it does nothing for leakage through side-channels.
are you serious?

you're suggesting that the metadata of "alice messaged bob at 1:20am" is worth more than "hey bob, I'm looking to have $100,000 laundered, same methods as last time. I'll drop to the usual location. thanks, Alice."
For http:com/example/foo/bar/baz how would you determine what the host is?
It's a sad day. The greatest humanitarian the world knows little about has passed away.

From Wikipedia:

Since its inception, the Edhi Foundation has rescued over 20,000 abandoned infants, rehabilitated over 50,000 orphans and has trained over 40,000 nurses. It also runs over three hundred and thirty welfare centres in rural and urban Pakistan which operate as food kitchens, rehabilitation homes, shelters for abandoned women and children and clinics for the mentally handicapped.

Edhi Foundation runs the world's largest ambulance service and operates free nursing homes, orphanages, clinics, women's shelters, and rehab centres for drug addicts and mentally ill individuals. It has run relief operations in Africa, Middle East, the Caucasus region, eastern Europe and United States where it provided aid following the New Orleans hurricane of 2005.

He owned two pairs of clothes, never took a salary from his organisation and lived in a small two bedroom apartment over his clinic in Karachi.
Description looks good, though I'd still look for more social proof (Is this a real company? Are they stealing my password? What if I no longer want to give them access?). I like the logo and favicon.

I don't use Gmail myself so I can't test it right now.
Evidently from, "... news reports, public records, Internet databases, and original reporting"[1]

Going by their data, of the 258 Black people shot by police in 2015, 188 were armed with a deadly weapon, 20 with a vehicle, 5 wth a toy weapon, and 45 either unarmed or unknown.

If you accept toy weapons and vehicles as being armed, that is 82%, which is what I remember hearing.

[1] https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/police-shoo...
Have you thought about hiring people for those positions as full time but actually only working them part time? You could probably find good people who don't want to work normal full time jobs but would like the benefits that usually only come with full time employment.
"Non-compliance" doesn't "escalate to probable cause".

What you're probably trying to say is that arrest generates cause for search, under the rules for "search incident to arrest".

But arrest is a big deal, far bigger than traffic stop or even roadside detention.

As for trying to communicate with officers through glass: I'm not sure what you're trying to accomplish, but there are tens of videos of people rolling their windows down minimally to respond to traffic stops, so that police can't put their heads in the car. ACLU even publishes one of them.
Would love to see socioeconomic status included in the analysis as well.
> But as we all know Java has been riddled with code execution bugs.

Most of those are of the form "malicious code delivered as Java applet can break out of the JVM sandbox". That is, they crucially rely on running untrusted code. By contrast, the threat model here involves attackers subverting existing, trusted code. Memory safety holes in Rust overwhelmingly rely on bizarre carefully crafted code that nobody would accidentally write.

There are some exceptions: Java is affected by serialization issues along the lines of the Rails YAML vulnerability, for instance. But most of those don't apply to Rust either for various reasons.
Kudos to moxie for building free alternatives that people (Signal) and companies (Signal Protocol) can freely choose.
He, unfortunately, didn't disambiguate between example.com/foo/bar/baz, foo.example.com/bar/baz, etc. so it's unclear.

It is kind of amusing to think of the entire Internet as a giant directory though.
That's not true.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=117171
That is likely a hack necessary for it to work with Python syntax. (R's ggplot2 does not require wrapping aesthetics in strings)
> Violent dictatorships are seldom rational.

Well, they're often rational within their own framework (either an ideological framework or merely the framework of violence and power). That looks irrational to the rest of the world, but it has its own logic.

> This article is also written with the tacit acceptance of neoliberal ideology: The only rational choice for an impoverished nation is to submit to foreign capital and governmental institutions and sell the country for the chance to become another dependent market that will bear the brunt of the next global credit crisis and coercive trade deal.

Will submitting be better or worse than the current situation in Venezuela? If anyone claims that it will be worse, I'd like to see their justification for that statement.
> The overwhelming majority --- almost 70% --- of the growth of incarceration from 1995 to 2013 comes from harsher prosecution of violent and property crimes.

Which is an interesting factoid, but irrelevant to the issue of whether or not the drug war is a significant factor in incarceration. That 70% of the increase from 1995 to 2013 is from that source (which, while it isn't specific to drug offenses, overlaps, rather than being disjoint from, the drug war) is almost entirely irrelevant to the issue of whether the drug war is a significant in the overall level (whether stock or flow) of incarceration, which it is and remains. (Basically, the main change is longer sentencing, which means simply increases the "stock" contribution of violent/property crimes to incarceration, without doing much to the "flow".)

> but we should not delude ourselves that the solution for police violence or violent crime will come from changing the rules about drugs.

Since no one has suggested that the solution to either of those would come from that source alone, that -- while true -- would seem to be a complete strawman.
Have you used Signal before? You don't have to use Whatsapp, Allo, or FB Messenger. It's just a pain to get people to download it.
It's not the job of wealthy and educated people to use their skills to fix public transit, any more than it's my job as a private citizen on the East Coast to reform the police department in LA (take your pick which "LA"). That job belongs to the local government. If the local government is incompetent at running public transit in an efficient manner so that both locals and visitors can easily use it to get around, that's the fault of the local government. The "wealthy and educated" people you refer to are not government officials, and have no business telling the government what to do (they probably aren't even constituents). So they're doing the only thing they can: making a private service that solves a real problem and provides a real solution for many, many people.

If local governments would like to learn from this and come up with their own solutions, perhaps even hiring some of these smart people to help them, that'd be great. But I don't see them doing any of that.
What were the failures with PvP? Is there a blog post/postmortem I could read?
It is almost a cliche but my friends who moved to LA truly do miss the seasons, especially leaves changing colors. It is like living in a giant open-air mall all year long. When nothing changes but the store displays, the seasonal heartbeat is lost. Living in LA, of course, means they can go to the beach all-year long with a short commute though. Snapchat is particularly smart for having its corporate headquarters almost on the beach.
Ask HN: How do you handle transferring large files over the internet?
I've often heard that the best way to send large amounts of data is to actually send it via snail mail. But if that is not an option what is the best way to send, say 500GB, over the internet? Past Experience preferred but creative solutions welcome!
Previous discussion:
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11503585
Pretty cool, they seem to have made an XML interface for parsing minecraft commands, allowing various programming languages to be used to compose "missions" which can then be outputted as XML and read by the mod to be run in the game. I think this is crucial because (IMO) Java is not a good language for beginners because it is such a "large" language.
Recently the remote ones from HN's "Who is hiring" threads whose needs match my experience. Unfortunately no experience with what you need according to the job posting on your site :)
Gotta Catch the Bugs: Crash Reporting in Pokemon Go
The research is almost useless.

Different ethnic groups commit crimes at different rates - even if their is bias in apprehension/monitoring.

The question they should try to answer is:

'Among interactions with police, how much more or less likely are people to be shot'.

This way, we can ignore the possibility that cops are unfairly focusing more on blacks, and isolate and at least assess how much more likely someone is to die.

It seems that academia even has a problem with trying to get at the truth and heart of the matter.
How do you market yourself?
This is better than any physics paper I have ever read.

BTW- I did the vacuum in a mason jar thing, don't bother. Like you noticed, the lid will deflect and you will lose vacuum. My current approach is to use a diamond bit to drill a hole in the glass lid of a canning jar (the kind with the metal snap-tight lever).
If we're going to go with anecdotal data here, I had an A/B test experience in St. Louis some years ago.

As a white intern, I was pulled over for a speeding ticket on the commute to work and just given a ticket. That same morning a cop pulls over a black intern for speeding on the same route, but before giving him the ticket he pulls the intern out of the car and pats him down on the side of the car.

In hindsight we should have compared the tickets to see if it was the same officer, but we were both wearing boring business casual attire.
I'd say after the Microsoft deal there was no turning back. Too many people, machines, IP moved. Overture bought Inktomi, Altavista, alltheweb search engines. Yahoo bought overture for 4 billion. That was 100s of engineers. Starting again would be an (in my opinion) impossible hiring task, 10miles away from the Google Campus who tend to make excellent counter offers. And at web-scale you cannot be great unless you index, well, almost all the web.
Thanks, there are some articles linked from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edhi_Foundation
Malmö is one of my favorite cities in the world. I try to visit there every year from Australia, ever since 2013 when it hosted the Eurovision Song Contest. Loved the train stations there, especially Triangeln:

http://pfnphoto.com/new/malmo-triangeln/

Emporia is an amazingly beautiful shopping mall too:

http://architecturelinked.com/profiles/blogs/emporia

I didn't know Lund was so close by bus. I have friends who live there; next time I'll have to try visiting them.
Abdul Sattar Edhi Death News
I made this a few years ago: https://p-seventy-two.herokuapp.com/
You're right - it could be. But we don't like to make assumptions since we're having a rational scientific discussion. BTW, since the proportion of convictions is so high, it is going to require some pretty good explaining. Not some, off the cuff, hand-wavy, un-falsifiable, muh prejudice. Since our justice system is built on principles like "It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer", you better have a whole pile of evidence that people are getting convicted erroneously here.
Sure, that's easy: just write a Rust program that spawns a root shell connected to port 1337.

This isn't a flippant response: I suspect most RCEs in Rust software are likely to be high-level vulnerabilities like that.
Vive is so much better an experience than Oculus. I've tried the Vive version they were demoing to the public last year, and the current consumer Oculus. Presumably, the new Vive is better, but the version I tried was better then the actual consumer Oculus. That comes as a tremendous relief to me, as I'd never, ever buy into the Facebook VR walled garden. It's too bad Carmack had to join Oculus, but whatever, just glad there's a better alternative.
Your comment is in line with my thoughts as well. I've come to accept that HN is slowly becoming a pit of contrarian asswipes honestly.
>I could if I wanted, but the cost/benefit analysis of my time vs the payoff of using Lazarus just doesn't make it worth the time.

I guess that partly depends on how much work you plan to do with it, the expected benefits of that work, a few other factors, and also partly it is "each to their own".

Anyway, good luck, whatever tech you use ...

Will check out the new Haskell site, thanks.
Great to see. I'm biassed of course, but reversible debugging is the future (or should that be the past? Sorry.) If you'll excuse the shameless plug, http://undo.io/ for the same with C/C++. I'd like to think we were at least a little influential in this! :) https://vimeo.com/160863576

Greg
>The entire point of my statistics is to show that there is judicial injustice based on race.

I don't believe you have enough information to show that with just racial information.

A different study is needed that shows initial judicial justice based on dollars spent on defence. Essentially we need to know the likelihood of injustice based on each $10,000 spent on lawyers. If our findings show that defendants that spend larger amounts on their defense have a lower number unjust rulings then race is a lower factor and poverty is a larger factor. Since blacks in America are more apt to live in poverty, a simple black and white racial analysis will fail in showing causation.