skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> They say the null is known to be false.

Can you quote where they say that, because the article says:

"Because two groups of subjects are randomly drawn from a large group of healthy controls, the null hypothesis of no group difference in brain activation should be true. Moreover, because the resting-state fMRI data should contain no consistent shifts in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activity, for a single group of subjects the null hypothesis of mean zero activation should also be true."

There is also this quote:

"Resting-state data should not contain systematic changes in brain activity, but our previous work (14) showed that the assumed activity paradigm can have a large impact on the degree of false positives. "

This does not mean the null is false. That papers shows that temporal autocorrelations can also introduce spurious false positives. These factors affect block, but not event-related designs. They can be avoided by filtering--and maybe by averaging over many subjects (since these oscillations aren't locked to anything). In any case, they don't appear, as you can verify on the right side of Figure 1A.

Finally, the discussion has a paragraph describing reasons why the experiment might be flawed, but most of those possible objections seem answered.
Original is that something is exactly as written. New (although not really that new, but catching on more) is the opposite, a synonym of "figuratively."
It's a mistake when it fails to serve your needs.
Usually when the popular press talk about a study, they don't link to the original study. So the number of people who talk about it is much higher than the number of people who might actually go and re-examine the study.
Not sure what kind of cancer you have. There are so much progress in this field and I believe many types of cancer can be controlled now. My mom has NSCLC. It's been two years and it's very likely she'll be just fine in the next a few years. Please do not give up..
What many people fail to realize is that the full form of the scientific method

Now, wait for someone to reply to you with "Actually the true scientific method is..." and then someone to reply to them with a correction, and then people arguing about verification versus falsification, and then people arguing about the problem of induction...

And then maybe you realize that it's not an easy question to answer.
>But there's a whole spectrum of responses between the two

What seems to be going on in recent decades is, through experimentation and arguments, the scientists are getting clearer on what are the various points on the spectrum.
Black Lives Matter Activist Convicted of “Felony Lynching”
I like your distinction, and think there is an important difference to be made between A and B. But I don't think you've framed B quite correctly. For example, what would be the difference between "I am confident" and "I am 100% confident"? What would be the case for B in which having exactly 65% confidence would be correct?

I think both A and B have an unspoken assumption of "and assuming there is no error in our measurement of XYZ, and assuming that XYZ means what we think it means, and assuming there is no other evidence we are failing to consider". Unless one's confidence in these assumptions (and probably some others) is 100%, one shouldn't have complete confidence in any particular course of action.
I previously submitted this: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12030852
There's a science reason for denying participants access to their own data. For example, if you suspect you might have some brain anomaly, you might enroll in the study as a healthy person hoping to use it as a free way to get a brain scan. People doing that would distort the sampling.
For more in this vein: Lyn MacDonald's Somme is a highly regarded history of the battle told largely through first-person accounts.
Financial Network Topology and "Women of System": A Dangerous Combination.

The longer article, I finally figured out that "women of system" was a phrase quote. It's just not clear without quotes what those linguistic pieces were all doing in conjunction with the other words.
sigh...Do you want the short answer or the long version?

The short answer is: peer pressure.

The longer version requires a look back at the history of scientific publishing and how it's been perverted in more recent times.

Originally, scientists (or natural philosophers as they were known then) would carry out experiments and record their findings in their personal papers. The problem with this is the question of priority: who discovered what first. If you leave this question up to individuals recording their own results, then there's nothing to stop those individuals from backdating their own writings in a false attempt to claim priority.

So a tradition grew of communicating results via letters. When you discover something, don't just write it down, send it in a letter to a fellow natural philosopher. That gives you a (presumably) independent means of verifying priority. Of course, this does nothing to prevent two friends from colluding to falsely claim the mantel of priority.

Eventually the tradition morphed. Instead of just writing a letter to a colleague, you would write the letter and the colleague would read it to a gathering of natural philosophers (or, if you had the means of travel, you could read your findings, or in some cases demonstrate them, to the gathering in person). This gives you a much more robust means of claiming priority. Eventually, these societies organized themselves, one of the earliest being the Royal Society.

It didn't take long before these groups decided that all the letters being read should be recorded in some format. Thus, you have the "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society", the first scientific journal...

...in 1665. Since then the enterprise of scientific publishing has changed very little. Why is this bit of history important? Because the point of the original journals was not to be a full record of the experiments being performed, but rather just of discoveries so that their priority could be established. The scientists of the time still communicated their efforts, both successful and not, with each other in myriad ways. Perhaps more importantly, positions at universities were often based on these personal communications (and recommendations from peers).

Fast forward 400 or so years and scientific output (and indeed the number of scientists and universities producing this output) undergoes exponential growth. Suddenly, hiring professors based purely on personal communications becomes impractical. Ah, but what's this? There's also an exponential growth in scientific journals, and some candidates for these positions have their name on more by-lines than other candidates. Surely they must excel at science, no?

In other words, scientific journals, which were originally just one part of a scientists work, were perverted to become a stand-in for all of a scientists work. Yet, owing to their history as a means of establishing priority for discovery, the papers published continued to be propelled by tradition to emphasize positive results.

If a practice that has remained unchanged for 4 and a half centuries isn't ripe for disruption, I don't know what is!
I have a degree in philosophy and did quite a bit of my work in philosophy of science. I feel qualified to smugly dismiss lisper's comment as an example of the well-known phenomenon of tech people on HN assuming that mastery and understanding in one field translates to mastery and understanding in all fields, sight unseen.

For example, defining just what is and is not "science" or "the scientific method" is something that scientists and philosophers of science have been working on for centuries. But this thread is full of HN randos basically chiming in with "here's my grade-school textbook's definition, guess we don't need all those so-called experts, lol". The level of not just ignorance, but ignorance of ignorance, HN users routinely display in this kind of conversation is frankly staggering.
What a class act this Mr. Hintjens is!
You can't do anything without counting. And I've met plenty of mathematically incompetent musicians. Enough so that I'd say the more accomplished of a musician you are, the less accomplished of a mathematician you'll probably be.
Not yet. There is some documentation at jtablesaw.wordpress.com. I plan to publish a Beaker Notebook with an extended example pretty soon. If you're not familiar with Beaker it's like an Jupyter data-science notebook, but supports Java. https://pub.beakernotebook.com/publications
> It's utterly painful to use - I hope the situation has gotten better for users there.

I bought the bright orange ZTE Open C fxos phone to try it out.

Haven't done much more with it that travel around with it, mostly using it as a primary phone for calls. The battery life is insane on that one - I went about 4-5 days without charging it when I was traveling (barely any calls, mostly standby).

The good part was the HERE maps downloaded onto its SDCARD and I could use at least some of the GPS functionality when it is offline.

However for the same amount of money I could easily buy a Micromax or Karbonn phone which would have 2 killer apps to use - PayTM and Ola Cabs.
This!

The parent article does not contain "fals*". So it's clearly bullshit, in that it doesn't address what the scientific method is.

Also, the point about modification based on contrary evidence is actually a weakness of the scientific method.
Bandeja de entrada gmail
The brand thing - Amazon/Alibaba combo makes it very trivial for the average Joe to sell their own private label product with only a few hundred dollar startup costs. That leads to a ton of market saturation and the paradox of choice when grown unchecked. I guess they really love saying that they have however million products or whatever.
It's unearned income. In other words: no income. They will get taxes the full 15% rate when they sell the asset so what does it matter if it's 0% in the year they don't sell it other than to sell a narrative? I'm sorry if somebody's assets appreciate over time but to call that income is just dishonest.

I hate how people constantly move the goalposts when it come to claiming that a certain minority of people aren't "paying their fair share". You know who else doesn't pay taxes on unearned income? The 99%. That's about as fair as it can get.

FICA goes to benefits that overwhelmingly favor the poor compared to the rich, so I don't find that argument compelling either.

Your original claim was that the tax code heavily favored the 1% but so far all you've managed to back that up with is a tax rate on their unearned income being the exact same as it is for the 99%'s unearned income. Hardly convincing.
Hmm, that's odd. Didn't test Safari on Desktop, thanks for pointing it out. Maybe a problem with the way I'm using the iron-grid component for grid layout.
Not at all. I plan on buying and playing the game. I just think they could treat the subject matter with a bit more respect -- at least cut out the dubstep -- without ruining the fun.
Kind of surprised it is more money AND more time off. I am an Australian in my mid 30s and most of my social circle is mid 30s through mid 40s. There is a bit of a trend to specifically request less money but more time off ie for a new job "that is a generous offer. I propose we reduce the salary by X dollars and increase my annual leave by Y days/weeks" or for an existing job "keep your raise, give me an extra week of annual leave instead."

Perhaps it is something related to this specific stage of life but lots of people have young children. Also, the appeal of their career has really worn thin after 10-15 years of full-time work.
War is in our nature, judging from history. I don't think that will change, but I hope I'm wrong.
So why didn't the author even mention falsification?
I wish you strength and courage. Spend time with your mom and tell her how much you love her, every chance you get. My own cancer is of the bile duct, spread to my lungs after five years' silence. I've accepted as fact that it's terminal, there is only "when", no "if". And even "when" is out of my hands, it's down to unreadable factors in my DNA and environment.
did I read it incorrectly?

The way I interpreted it, they drilled into teeth from the top in order to reach the "adult dental stem cells" (see item #3 here which is dentin: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_tooth#/media/File:Cross_...). The dentin stem cells are probably contained within the dentin?

They wanted to stimulate the dentin stem cells with the laser light, but there is no way to reach dentin without drilling through the outer tooth enamel. They're not simulating tooth decay, they simply need to get to the dentin.

Their conclusion was that this laser treatment "triggered the enhanced dentin formation".
"My husband ... visited New York, there was Hurricane Sandy and he saw the shelves were empty; there was only food for two days. He thought we had to do things in another way, and the idea came: why not build a floating farm?”

Would floating farms fare well in hurricanes? Vertical farms, on the other hand, could supplement some of the food for places which are too far from farmland (although upstate New York is not all that far) or places inhospitable to farming.
Fascism and the birth of stovetop espresso
Ask HN: Upgrading Rails
I'm really curious how everyone determines when is the right time to upgrade Rails versions.

How do you determine when is the right time to pull the trigger for a major upgrade? Like 2.3 -> 3.x? Or more recently, potentially to 5.x?

What is the process that you follow?
Forgot to say: Kubernetes will keep the routing table up to date if you use --allocate-node-cidrs=true. That way, it does exactly the same thing as Flannel with the "aws-vpc" backend.
Barbie I can be a Game Developer Doll
I know that Intex will soon be shipping (currently is shipping?) phones with SailfishOS (Jolla's OS).

I've been using SailfishOS for almost two years, and I confidently say that underneath the GUI, it is just a regular GNU/Linux system[1].

Why do I bring this up? Jolla, and the community are developing a more inclusive mobile OS (that has Android app compatibility, and can be ported to Android devices relatively easily using libhyris[2]). I'm hopeful that it will help minimise the hackery described in the article.

For example, SailfishOS ships with Gecko engine v31 at the moment (soon to be updated...), QtWebkit, and (soon, after the port to Qt5.6 is complete), QtWebEngine (Chromium).

I'm hopeful that more Indian (and Chinese) phone manufacturers can start contracts with Jolla. I'm not aware of any software houses (as opposed to internal) that customise Android for your device.

[1] glibc, systemd, BlueZ, Pulseaudio, gstreamer, connman, Telepathy, Python, gcc, Qt, etc.

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hybris_%28software%29
Yes, exactly. And combined with the review padding this has grown out of control - and makes buying simple products endlessly complex. I hope that Amazon recognizes this, but yet I have yet to see them address the issue in any way.
Though it is in this case worth noting that there is enough redundancy in English that you can both a) tell that "to bad" is wrong and b) know they meant "too bad", which isn't always the case for =/==
Thank you for textbelt! Not long after your Show HN post, I used it to set up cron scripts that send me a text message if server load climbs above a certain number. It was a simple free way to monitor and deal with some performance issues at the time. To this day those scripts are running, although they haven't been triggered for a long time.
Ah, but there is great payoff for the Kings and Queens.

Not so much for the pawns.
Language extensions are generally enabled on a per file basis. This complaint seems to be talking about tools for working with Haskell source code (such as an IDE). If these tools try to work with a file that has this extension enabled, then it has to be aware of what effect this extension will have, or else it may mis-parse the file.

As an example, here is the first example config file for XMonad [0]. Note the "LANGUAGE" pragma, which enables a number of extensions for this file.

[0] https://wiki.haskell.org/Xmonad/Config_archive/adamvo%27s_xm...
All finite element analysis software uses "bad algorithms" in the sense that they give wrong results if the user doesn't take their limitations into account. A common type of error causes them to underestimate stress at the highest stress locations - where failure is most likely! Other problems occur with structures that stiffen as they're loaded. That effect is ignored by linear analysis and engineers often don't do the more accurate non-linear analysis because it cost more time (computer resources) and money (more expensive licenses) as well as sometimes just being more difficult to set up. It's more that the technology isn't advanced enough to be foolproof than that there are bugs.
Amazon's house batteries are rebranded Sanyo. I just buy those. Takes the guesswork out of it.
Same issue with Mobile Safari on an iPad mini. Congrats. Wilmington in late Nov should be nice. I'm reminded of a book I read a few years back - https://www.amazon.com/Off-Season-Discovering-America-Winter...
Probably a cryptanalysis key-tester, like all the WWII cryptanalysis machines, but faster.

Take a look at [1] and read the description of the custom hardware they had added to HARVEST, their IBM 7030 STRETCH computer. That gives a sense of the hardware wanted for statistical cryptanalytic key testing.

[1] http://www.governmentattic.org/3docs/NSA-HGPEDC_1964.pdf
Carpool Karaoke: The YouTube ‘gateway drug’ to the TV hard stuff
Live coverage of Juno's Jupiter Orbit Insertion [video]
Anyone interested in the data can decode it with a cheap receiver and some pretty simple software: http://www.rtl-sdr.com/ads-b-decoder-gomx-3-satellite-ads-b-...

It also seems that FlightRadar24 is using GOMX-3 data to track flights: https://blog.flightradar24.com/blog/tracking-flights-with-sa...
> is something that scientists and philosophers of science have been working on for centuries

That's true. But that does not mean that the problem is unsolvable, and it does not mean that the problem has not been solved. It has. Popper solved it.
As a native English speaker, born in England, I always enjoyed Shakespeare in the original language because I could understand many the nuances and plays on words, and because I could see the continuity between the language of Shakespeare and the language we speak today. This is probably not possible for everyone (I speak a few languages fluently, an this broader experience probably helps) and of course I need to read the footnotes, but the language of Shakespeare is not a foreign language to me.

Of course if it was spoken out loud in the original pronunciation I would probably understand very little of it.
He may know about Popper, but he clearly has not understood Popper or he would not have written this article. For example, he would have understood why this:

"When a scientist tests a hypothesis and finds that its predictions do not quite match available observations, there is always the option of forcing the hypothesis to fit the data."

is a straw man.
Maths education – counting on fingers and making mistakes with attitude
Feline - everyone loves cats
Hes such a nice guy
Haskell has a neat solution. There is no assignment operator. (Let bindings are a different thing)
Thanks everyone for the congratulations! Thanks also for the 21 and counting RSVPs, some of them are pretty hilarious. I'm looking forward to seeing President Obama, Alec Baldwin, and Mike Hunt at the wedding!
I disagree. It is a very easy question to answer so long as you realize that "science" is a subset of "knowledge". It has been accepted for quite some time now that falsifiability is the key factor distinguishing science from everything that's not science. However there are other forms of knowledge (math, for example) that are not science.

Consequently, this is why you'll hear many physicists claim that string theory is not science. It certainly looks like science, and some day it might become science, but currently as the bulk of string theory is not falsifiable, it is not, strictly speaking, science.
I'd settle for knowing if and when the real UK version of a DVD/Blu-ray/box set is coming out and then finding it without numerous clones when it does. Apart from books, this used to be the one thing Amazon clearly did better than almost anyone else.

Today, particularly for US TV shows, there are usually lots of alternatives available from non-Amazon-but-kinda-from-Amazon sources long before anything official is released here. However, prices and availability shown vary almost by the minute and sometimes rather sharply, and even whether the discs will actually play in a UK region player often seems like a random result.

I've really been going off Amazon in recent years, particularly since they started trying to be all things to all people, using highly volatile pricing algorithms, and spamming upsell promotions all over their previously straightforward checkout process. Sadly, since they had also successfully killed off just about everyone selling physical media from bricks and mortar stores first, and since I prefer to actually own my media instead of renting it from some streaming service, there are few other suppliers left.

Competition has utterly failed in the movie and TV show market now, and I fear this will only get worse as more films and TV shows are locked into one proprietary library/streaming service or another as the only (legal) source and even the likes of Amazon can't supply real permanent copies.
Not everyone have self-discipline in the way that it's needed to be able to want to learn at your own free will. There are plenty of examples of that from failed "hippie" schools of the 70ties I know a few of them.
On the contrary, Command & Conquer Red Alert piqued my interest in WW2 and made me explore and learn more about, and the game went as far as rewriting the entire plot of WW2.

I'm not sure it's all that much of a bad thing that we retell an important part of our history in various different ways including forms of entertainment.
Pull Request merged- thanks! Unfortunately it wasn't before Maggie's Mom caught wind of my misspelling: https://github.com/caleblloyd/polymer-wedding/pull/1
Yeah, I am pretty excited about the idea of IDEs just presenting ASTs instead of text (of course can always save as text). There's a haskell structured mode that tries to do a similar thing.

It might seem silly, but the biggest impediment I can think of is copy-pasting code from elsewhere. If your variable names are different, the IDE should reject the code (since you shouldn't be able to commit variables that don't exist), but then what do you do? Open it in Notepad and "fix" it?

EDIT: structured haskell mode, complete with GIFs showing how it works https://github.com/chrisdone/structured-haskell-mode#feature...
Twitter Zen and the Art of Retweet Maintenance
Aye, at least given that they are programmed to behave as though their utility function consisted almost entirely of the thrill of wielding power. So, fellow pawns? Stop voting for the damned Kings and Queens. It's a secret ballot; your instincts telling you to vote for the likely next tribal chief are wildly outdated. Vote for whoever demonstrates the most distaste for war - even if they aren't going to win this election, you'll be sending the right message instead of the wrong one.
You don't have nearly enough information to make such personal judgments—that's an understatement by orders of magnitude—which makes your comments here unduly personal and therefore uncivil. Please stop.