skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Let's say I have a new mathematical system (that I call the "brontosaurus"). It is made up of some fundamental elements ("a little end", "a big part in the middle", and "another little end") and some axioms ("and that's how dinosaurs are shaped"). Now, I claim that this is a complete formalization of all mathematics, such that if you prove some statement S involving quaternions, tesseracts, and turgid verbals, you can be assured that no falsehoods have crept in and therefore that S is true.

But in my system, it's not immediately apparent whether 2+2=4, if only because none of '2', '4', and '+' are part of the fundamental elements. So, how are you going to determine whether my system claims 2 + 2 = 4 or 2 + 2 != 4? You'll need to prove it, one way or the other (or both, in which case my system is screwed).

The proof that 2+2=4 has absolutely nothing to do with "claiming ignorance" and everything to do with whether or not you can "trust the algorithm".
I use a combination of both, and I'll scrub a video a lot to see a concept.

For me, hearing a description will often come with some emotional cues. Stuff like, "Now this is cool..." or "Oof, forgot the iterator..." help me learn where I should be paying attention.

Text often has a hard time conveying the same set of information. Sure, you can type 'watch out!' in a yellow box around some text, but my ape brain doesn't pick those up as the same as watching (or listening) to another ape brain make the mistake or exclaim in delight.
Benefits and Drawbacks of an IPO
So totally this. I refused to buy a Nest for exactly this reason. In the words of the Cluetrain manifesto: 'We are not seats or eyeballs or end users or consumers. We are human beings - and our reach exceeds your grasp. Deal with it.'

I'm not here to be monetized by being glued to the hip to your infrastructure that may go away for any number of reasons (technical or non) and make my property suddenly stop working.
43 Year Old Man Gets Ripped in 8 Weeks
Never heard of PeARS either, but YaCy has been around for quite a few years: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YaCy
There are many, like http://longurlmaker.com. I find http://shadyurl.com to be more useful in getting people to not click a link though.
[1] Clickable link: https://twitter.com/search?f=tweets&vertical=default&q=snapd...
Google's five rules for AI safety
an uninformative blog-rant over the fact that

"C-SPAN ... replaced their cameras with a shitty, shaky vertical stream filmed by a Congressman" (via a smartphone app)
After only 13 years, Eclipse finally gets word wrap
Ask HN: Friend hit with locky today, does paying ransom work?
Someone I know got hit with locky ransomware today. It infected their pc plus some server drives. Those drives can be restored from backups but the pc is not backed up. I told them I would ask the general community if anyone knows if paying the ransom actually works. Does the decrypter actually work? Hard to trust a crook. Anyone know if the decrypter installed a backdoor? Any analysis done on that yet? Hard time finding anyone on the internet talking about it in this way.
Maybe it's just whichever process matches the people and vice versa.
Okey Dokey but why is it all tankers that are waiting?
Everyone has different mechanisms for learning. As someone who learns from manuals, tutorials, and videos simultaneously, a new technology presented as a wall of text can seem impenetrable until I've watched another human make something happen.

Then, I can loop back to that text armed with a little context. Videos are often examples of how to develop with the technology outside of a bubble. (Using React? Consider setting up webpack!) That seems to be missing from manuals sometimes.
What will likely be the long-term impact of Snapchat on Facebook?
>Every HN thread about math or physics has many misguided comments, coming from people who are probably very smart in their own fields.

The curse of Dunning-Kruger.
>Fun fact: the Broadcasting Board of Governors also pays for free crypto audits (from some very strong firms) for privacy and anonymity tools. Virtually all the privacy tools you've heard about have had several tens of thousands of dollars worth of audit dollars spent by the BBG to make sure they're not endangering people.

Are the reports from these audits publicly available? Seems like it would be an interesting bit of data to read through.
Of course. Which is why "lowest bidder" rules are often nonsense (they are usually sold as anti-corruption, but it would be much better to simply have strict clauses against overruns instead).
I'm so happy NVDA is getting some funding! I work with a blind music producer who uses Windows and we make great use of NVDA (and Window Eyes).
Twilio prices IPO at $15 a share
Unfortunately, I've had several idiot project managers like that, who just do not understand the "point" of coding, and don't understand why project development takes as much as it does, why there are bugs, etc.

These people are not fit to be project managers. You cannot manage what you don't have a basic understanding of and appreciate.
Not crazy, just stupid in software development.
The Impact to Tesla Stock of GM's Chevrolet Bolt
Show HN: GitHub Leaderboards
The Real Reason We Use Linux (repost)
Show HN: Chrome extension to check when a repo was originally created on GitHub
Separating html out into a separate file/template always seemed weird to me. In every JS Framework HTML and Javascript are tightly coupled. JSX is also javascript, not HTML.
That's like counting the quality of the code from how many lines of code there are
> My impression so far was that Google more or less created the whole machine Learning movement

How did you get this impression? It has little basis in reality.
Argon2
> and sending people up or yet another probe is mostly pointless

Good thing they are lifting telecom & weather sats too! It's reasonable to say those are not pointless.

It's unreasonable to put space programs on hold while we try to solve the human condition. There is no political will or even widespread support. People are horrible - they worry about themselves, their families, their neighbourhoods, towns and countries in that order. "Self-sustaining habitats, pffft, not with my hard-earned tax dollars. Build my kid's school a bigger stadium than last years'"
The problem is that games designed to "stick over many months & years and monetize the player" are generally garbage, as far as the quality of the actual game goes.

Of course these things are relative or subjective and what have you, but it's pretty rare for people who have a lot of experience playing games to seek out stuff on iOS because of the great quality of games there.

If you build a system that incentivizes garbage games, that's what you get, and well, that is what we have.

Fortunately if you are someone like me, who wants to make actual good games, there are still platforms where you can do that, and do quite decently money-wise. I am hoping those don't go away.
Just want to say thanks for your work! Looking at these slides I really appreciate the openness and the effort you put into gitlab. I'm running a small instance and it's been a total hassle-free experience so far, every issue I had was documented or had a ticket with details to figure it out!

Your education pricing is also stellar, once I got more users I'll look into migrating to EE (at the moment CE+CI is more than fine).

Was happy to see 8.9 downloading on apt upgrade today, not a lot of project updates induce such a reaction, it's usually fear ;) but gitlab never broke on me!

Okay, this comment starts to sound like some paid troll comment for cherishing you but I'm really happy.

Well one nitpick though: I'd love to see some love for the Wiki - it's usable but not up to scratch - asciidoc doesn't really work well and I'm missing something like recent changes and some page tree. I guess it's gollums fault but either better documentation for the workflows or improvements there would be very welcome! Having a great usable Wiki would set gitlab apart in a positive way IMHO.
To provide some actual constructive criticism (seriously, everyone?), yes, there is overlap in apps made today. As a result, if tech companies want to stand out when everyone has access to the same tools, they have to code, and code the best.

Game theory is fun like that.
What does this mean for the YC chatbot startups?!
I wonder what are their plans for saving firefox.
Instead of Hyperloop, Musk should have invented underwater canal system.

I mean, ain't the ocean floor the inviting highway? with minor to none obstacles? Design multiple tubes inside each other (to compensate high pressure) and suspend it at 100m deep water level with computer-regulated height and start rolling cargo by using pressure pushing it from one end to the other.

(I'm aware its bit more complicated than that, but you get the idea!)
FAIL! As an Overseas Citizen of India, this is extremely disappointing!
Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11949278.
> As for "using the properties I've mentioned", presumably in reference to the integers being a well-ordered ring: sure, being a unique factorization domain follows from being a well-ordered commutative ring where the ordering interfaces with the ring structure in the expected ways... because the ONLY well-ordered ring is the integers, and the integers are a UFD

In my opinion, this is the heart of the issue.

Most people take the ordered structure of the integers for granted to such a degree that they won't think it's necessary to isolate it as an axiom of any attempted proof. They won't bother thinking about whether each step does or does not make use of this structure.

This means two things:

(1) they're very, very liable to produce a "proof" that appears to erroneously apply to other more exotic structures because it will implicitly make use of the structure of the integers.

(2) they're unlikely to agree that something like Z[sqrt(-5)] is "similar" in any way to Z.

Here's an example of something I take issue with from Gowers's post:

> Here’s an example of how you can use \mathbb{Z}(\sqrt{-5}) to defeat somebody who claims that the result is obvious in \mathbb{Z}. Let’s take the argument that you can just work the factorization out by repeatedly dividing by the smallest prime that goes into your number. Well, you can do that in \mathbb{Z}(\sqrt{-5}) as well. Take 6, for instance. The smallest prime (in the sense of having smallest modulus) that goes into 6 is 2. Dividing by 2 we get 3, which is prime.

From the perspective of a layperson, what's this "modulus"? Is a layperson really going to just unthinkingly agree that this is the "correct" way of finding the "smallest" prime that goes into 6 in this other ring? I seriously doubt it. I think they're going to immediately feel that there's a very natural and powerful order intrinsic to the positive integers, and the same is just not true of Z[sqrt(-5)], even if you can define a modulus or a norm. That modulus will feel arbitrary and meaningless to a layperson. It's going to immediately shoot up red flags that this is a completely different domain.
People seem to be misinterpreting the intent of HTTPS; it doesn't give you any reason to trust a given site. HTTPS only verifies that the site you are talking to is in fact the domain name in the URL, rather than a government agency, ISP snooper/intermediary, or other man-in-the-middle attacker. Its up to you whether you trust the operator of that domain.
It's funny how Mozilla is held to such high and dare I say impossible standards, whereas all other popular corporations are not. Apparently developing an open source browser that made history and giving it away for free is not enough.

It's as if developers, hardware and location costs a lot of money and Mozilla is looking for ways to find a reliable revenue stream, because you really can't survive for long on donations at their scale.

Out of curiosity, have you ever donated money to Mozilla and if so how much?

Yes, I saw those ads. Nothing terrible and they were not sending my browsing history to some server or whatever. I don't get why you're so upset about it. Like, you're so upset that you created a new account to say it. Now that says something.
Same with the way Xbox One Streaming works. At least Sony has set up some kind of NAT traversal to allow proper remote play.
As far as I can tell, the current maintainer wants copyright assigned to the FSF. He is not willing to hand the project over to someone who isn't willing to do that.

The proposed new maintainer is not willing to assign copyright to the FSF, and so seems to be forking the project instead.

But it's not 100% clear exactly what's going on.
The vast majority of Mozilla's budget goes to the ~600 staff working on Firefox. $385,000 is pretty small compared to that amount.
"If Fn has the same number of factors as Pn, divide both sides by p_i. Since Fn / p_i must be an integer, Fn must contain p_i, or else one of its factors f_i actually isn't prime by Euclid's Lemma."

You would have to prove that first. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclid%27s_lemma:

"This property is the key[4] in the proof of the fundamental theorem of arithmetic

[4] In general, to show that a domain is a unique factorization domain, it suffices to prove Euclid's lemma and ACCP."

(https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ascending_chain_condition_on... looks more intimidating than Euclid's lemma to me, but may be easier to prove.)
Man, those games were fantastic. Best tower defense games ever made by a long shot.
Really like the docker registry. Having private NPM repository as well would really make my day...
Could you say more? What do you think are the technical inaccuracies?
I don't understand how people can be so confident in the computer models that show that it is safe to inject millions upon millions of gallons of toxic waste water deep underground. They say that it's safe over a timeline of hundreds of years, but we don't even have computer models that can predict the weather above ground for next week.
I really don't think the top 200 is as impressive a metric as you think for so called middle ground. I mean really, extend it to other industries.

The top 200 highest grossing album, concert, football player, movie star, corporate executive etc, are all making big money too, and not because these industries have a great middle ground, but because the top 200 on the planet in just about anything is the top 0.1%.

For example, I took a look at the very bottom of the list, the first company that had a report on its website I opened, which was Iggs, second to last game on the top 200 list, and it had 860 employees, mostly in low-cost areas like China. (more power to them, but for many HN readers, the prospect of competing with a team of 5 people who total your salary in the iOS game industry probably isn't very appealing). I'll grant, it's not their only game on the list, but if it was it'd still be a very sizeable studio.

This is by no means a middle-ground company. The notion you don't need to be top 10 or top 100 and that top 200 is good, too, is meaningless when such companies can have almost 900 employees. Check the list and you'll find lots of big ones, from EA, Disney, Zynga to Bethesda, hanging around at the bottom of this ostensibly middle ground list.

Anyway I do agree, there is a lot more middle ground than people make it out to be, but it definitely feels like an industry where mediocre talent doesn't really fly. Small studios have to do something special, unique, in a niche. That's a bit different from some other industries where you can make a living without really standing out. In that sense, the app store does feel like a place where the middle-ground is scarce and relatively competitive. And that's a new reality from 6 years ago, when you could still make money on flashlight apps, which is a lifetime ago in the appstore, but a short time for an entire industry in general to undergo such a paradigm shift. I think a lot of the myth you talk about is a narrative that contrasts the story we had not very long ago, when every app idea was relatively new and got the guaranteed downloads you mentioned already.
Likewise, we've long forgotten the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bush_White_House_email_controv...

That did not result in any prosecution - nobody even bothered splitting hairs as to which of these e-mails were classified, and how classified they were. A few fall people did get fired, though.
Because they got there on time or ahead of schedule. They book their entry time hours/days from when they expect to arrive, to allow for unexpected delays.
No actual intelligence required, IMO.

This is a trick. What does 'actual intelligence' mean? Term 'intelligence' is already vague, so adding 'actual' creates even more confusion.

Sentience, to me, goes toward a concept of self. Of being aware that one exists and is responsible for one's own actions.

Responsibility is a social construct. In the past, people would put non-human animals on trial, because in those societies other animals had responsibility for their acts. When it comes to awareness, that's a very vague thing and I'm not sure how you would test it without asking the subject (who might be fooling you). Also, why would having an attribute such as 'awareness' be a reason not to enslave someone who has the attribute?
The original post shows that it needs +15V, -15V, +5V and -5V. This could be implemented with four separate high quality active PFC modern power supplies tuned to the right voltages. One thing that's unknown is what the load is for the whole thing, so it'd be necessary to somewhat deliberately oversize the power supplies, but it's not hard to find 700W rated power supplies that will do 15V.

Any modern power supply will be safer and more reliable. If there's any doubt about the pinout and cabling arrangement of the old power supplies, it's totally possible to pull the old power supply, repair it as best as possible with new capacitors, power it up on a test bench and probe it to see exactly what its output is. Then match that on a new cable harness with a new power supply.

It's not "hacking" to provide +15V or -15V , that's within the range of many good quality tunable 12V power supplies.
I'm a US citizen that moved to Montreal for work. Living expenses here are low enough that it was a wash versus Los Angeles. Child care subsidies make it a net positive.

And the CS students coming out of Montreal universities are excellent (and bilingual). Plus there are generous tax incentives for R&D.
Peer-To-peer Agent for Reciprocated Search
AptDeco (YC W14) Is Hiring Dir. Of Operations and Sr. Software Engineer in NYC
Robots have the potential to give us what we've always wanted but could never ethically achieve: slaves. We want capable beings to do our bidding. To serve us, to build for us, to obey us. If we follow some nonsensical robotic social justice, we can lose this.

Why is it ethical to enslave robots? Why should highly intelligent entities do the work so that some lazy, fat slobs in the human form can parasite off its labor? You are deluding yourself if you think there won't be justice for robots.
There was justice for black slaves, for women, for minorities, today we're working on animals and nature. Justice for robots will be achieved, maybe even faster than others, since we can use previous victories and examples and build on top of that.

When it comes to slavery of homo sapiens, it is still happening today in many forms (debt slavery, cheap labor, sex trafficking etc.) plus there is something called a job or a service, which is different from classical slavery in that you're not buying humans, but instead renting them.

You could have said something similar when black slaves were imported from Africa. You could have said that they will be enslaved because they are black and that white race is superior. All the whites would gang up and make a pact to enslave blacks and keep them illiterate (which actually happened).
Boko Haram’s victims – now rescued but on the verge of starvation
This is open to remote hacking too, so join us at twitch.tv/twilio!

I'm very nervous/excited about the live hacking. Eek.
Well, those machines are basically insurance against MS locking out third-party stores. They don't need to turn a huge profit; they need to recoup costs and be ready to scale up if shit hits the fan.

So really the question is, are Valve making their money back? If yes, cool, they have free insurance. If not, that insurance is being paid for and obviously there's a cost/benefit analysis to be done. I don't think this piece answers that. It suggests they might have got something south of $750m, which seems high enough to be quite profitable. A better article would have cross-referenced this with any financial data on Valve that they could find, to see if they're actually losing money on these machines.
Sometimes it's seeing the workflow. Sometimes it's seeing the outcome without having to run a hello-world yourself. But I think mostly it's because videos give a much better overall topology quicker than reading. For example, I'll watch a screencast end-to-end, and then I'll begin the project and start to go through it slower, knowing which branches of the text tutorial are important because I've seen the complete picture.
This is a review of the book "My Journey at the Nuclear Brink", by William Perry, US Secretary of Defense in the the Clinton administration. The reviewer is Jerry Brown, Governor of California.
No source. Armchair prediction. Not to be taken too seriously.
Quite enough.
That last picture made me cringe thinking of all the toxic material that person must be coming in contact with.
As far as I have seen, the people that pay the ransom do get the decryption key (as the University of Calgary did)however the price varies and can be expensive.

If I were your friend, I would try to restore from a restore point. Barring that, paying the ransom and once you have access to your files make an external copy on a separate disk (for analysis) and then wipe the infected computer with a new image.
I respect the desire to work on low level language like C. Programmers should not be afraid of it.

But that said, building a proper HTTP stack is not trivial.

If you want to use C language, then why not create Nginx module?

Nginx already solved the hard problems:

* HTTP parser

* Distribute work via event loop on multiple workers

* Useful load balancing strategies (not as great as HAProxy, but i am satisfied with it)

* Serious effort in dealing with CVE

* Widely used and battle tested

Here's a fine guide on how to write Nginx module in C:
http://www.evanmiller.org/nginx-modules-guide.html
An epic patent from Google
I think you misunderstood my question. Here's my understanding of Chomskyian linguistics:

1. You have a certain concept you wish to express.

2. You apply a generative grammar to the concept, producing a linguistic statement.

3. You express the statement in a linguistic performance.

4. I perceive the linguistic performance.

5. ¿I reverse the generative grammar to produce the concept?

6. I understand the concept.

My understanding is that Chomsky is only interested in steps 2 and 5 (and that he is explicitly uninterested in 3 and 4). But how does step 5 work?
Okay. So according to you, the explicit proofs of the following facts, using the Peano axioms, are all meaningful for mathematics:

1. 2+2=4

2. 3+2=5

3. 3+3=6

4. 4+3=7

5. 4+4=8

Is there any serious mathematical work that explicitly proved them all? Have those proofs influenced mathematics in any meaningful way, or in any way at all? Did they demonstrate something that we didn't know before?

I might agree that a single demonstration of something like 1+1=2, using the Peano axioms, might be educational (though not necessary) for somebody who tries to understand the axioms, but to claim that in general those proofs are meaninfull is simply false. A thousand-page book filled with proofs of n + m = l type statements will contribute absolutely nothing to mathematics.
It uses SimpleLink for lower level protocols (TCP, SSL) but replaces the higher level functionality (HTTP, DNS)