skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
If you're serious about investing time in something, 2 days is not much, although it didn't take that long for me.

Dyalog has great documentation, videos, and resources. I tried NARS2000, a free version of APL, but it was not as polished.

I mainly use J, and since Ken Iverson created APL, and then went on to create J with the help of a bunch of other smart people. J has certain things not found in Dyalog APL, and is very functional with trains and forks and general function composition. J is damn fast for an interpreted language, and the Jd database, which is a bit slower than kdb+/q, still is faster than many Spark/Shark setups for big data.

I am waiting for something like Futhark mentioned below, which marries J or APL to the GPU or FPGA or other hybrid card. A true vector/array language running on true array hardware, hopefully ridding the CPU-GPU bottleneck back and forth between host and device.

Plus I just like playing with J. I have used Lisp/Scheme for years, but languages like Forth and J/APL/K/Q really blow my mind, more so than the legendary Lisp ,'epiphany' at least for me.
> I wonder, how many of these cars are assembled in Britain?

Over 450,000 Nissans are built every year in Sunderland; when it opened the plant was considered the great hope of the area, which had been devastated by the decline of British manufacturing in the 80s, and Thatcherism in the 80s.

80% of those cars are exported within the EU.

An overwhelming majority of Sunderland voted to leave.
Why?, we should have our cards in order before we do so.
Theresa May would be a scary successor indeed, and may even top Cameron as the worst UK leader.

UK needs to vote conservatives out, and it needs to reconsider switching the voting system (this time to a proportional representation one).
Not to mention the huge amount of propaganda targeted to the youth we've seen the last weeks. It was hilarious and crazy in the same time.
> Does it strikes no one that most of western so called democracy were built to fight exactly this situation and the social inequalities raising from this case?

The problem has been identified many times. What is left is to find a solution ...
Those poor refugees from afghanistan, iraq, syria and libya. All countries recently bombed/invaded on the orders of the older english population. In a messianic quest for security as America's sidekick.
I don't think it's the sort of thing that yields to calculations, but I think it does yield to consensus. So, generally speaking, the most prestigious people are whoever other people agree are prestigious. Sort of like peer review.

The "who should make decisions" question is a lot like the "is this logic malicious" question. You can't answer it ahead of time. You just have to let people make decisions, or let the logic run, hopefully in a controlled context, and see what happens. If a preponderance of people agree it's good, then it's probably good enough.
> And thus we europeans are better of with a smaller, simpler european cooperation of independent nation states.

They can only, by definition, find a worse solution than EU. The migrant crisis needs a solution at the scale of the continent. Individual nation state cannot deal with a crisis of this magnitude efficiently.

Without the EU, Greece, Italy, the Balkans would be left on their own to deal with the migrants. Northern and eastern nations would tell them to fuck off and keep their money. That's it.

EU is the primary channel for negotiating a long term solution. If it cannot find one, no one can.
Another way to view it is as the difference between a country's production and consumption. A trade deficit implies that the country consumes more than it produces, while a trade surplus is the other way round.
Government subsidy (and occasional gov't supported monopolies like Bell Labs) is responsible for the software industry. This is very well-documented. Public takes the biggest risks, then rewards are privatized. Hence the economic importance of programs like DARPA. http://marianamazzucato.com/the-entrepreneurial-state/
Your post is nonsense. The grandparent post had no logical fallacies, it was structurally incapable of having logical fallacies, by virtue of not making a deductive argument, just describing a factual belief.

The grandparent post stated a belief that research universities are superior to "teaching" schools, and then described ways in which they are superior, with an addendum about what the author really wants out of a university experience. It was an informative post (that I disagree with), but it had no premise, no conclusion, no deduction that could be fallacious.

> For starters, what is a "teaching" school? is it the same as a teaching focused university?

As you seem well aware, there are many conventional ways including R1 to classify research-focused vs teaching-focused schools, which all broadly agree, especially on the leaders in each category.

> why the narrowing to quantitative research?

This is an excellent point, and one of the reasons I disagree with grandparent.

> Your incorrect assertion that research is more difficult than education goes against [...] basic logic itself. Education is immensely more complicated than most research

Seriously, this is not how logic works. "You're wrong" is not a logical fallacy.

Regarding the actual point: while there's a case to be made that education is more complicated than research (perhaps even "immensely"), due to the same reasons that social sciences are more complicated than "hard" sciences, it doesn't seem any stronger to me than the case for the reverse. In particular, objectively there's more pay, status, and recognition for quantitative research than education (how many more people have heard of the Nobel Prize than...whatever awards they give out for teaching?), due at least in part to supply and demand, which says something about relative difficulty.

> ...you say research universities are superior. On what metric? a lot of Olin students chose Olin over MIT. A lot of Deep Springs students (mentioned lower in the thread) choose it over places like Harvard and Yale.

Now you're making an actual point. Good for you.
That's always a risk however I pay but I can get my money back by filing a dispute with PayPal and not have to worry about where my credit card number has ended up.
Eliminating running applications which talk over the network from deployment is a huge gain. Making things happen once rather than per-server is also a huge gain.

On one server, cloning and installing things from the internet is all fine. Installing/upgrading hundreds at a time means you get to see how unreliable package management can be. You also have to guarantee enough bandwidth to the repo/package server to handle everything, or implement orchestration so servers don't install the same thing at the same time. At scale this matters.
no, now incentives in EU are to have healthy EU economy, without caring about UK one. this means rest of states will stay together for example. which could mean punishing UK financially for this silliness. you express UK-centric view, this is EU-centric one that goes beyond individual state/industry. UK goods become more expensive? well then some intern EU ones might become more interesting.
Umm, Scandinavians were never a part of it, the fact that Christianity has 3 major splits and the history of it proves how divided they were/are. And that's not even counting the bordering influences of Muslims like Ottomans/Moors.

Also there's the ex-communist countries for a more recent cultural split.
To be clear, I'm talking about highways with a solid divider and no way to change lanes except taking an exit. Also, I've been in one such jam in the Netherlands where everybody drives at a consistent 130 km/h max.

Reading the responses here, autonomous vehicles going in a coordinated fashion might be the only viable solution.
See that's the problem I'm still being treated as a foreigner even though I've been living here for years and have been contributing to the British NHS service, paying British taxes and in all generating wealth for the country.

All the obligation but I don't get a say on what my new home country should do? Does that seem right to you?
I think a lot of EU members would rather take the Swiss[1] deal.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerland%E2%80%93European_U...
I do. Polish immigration is generally looked upon as favourable by those I speak to, people think they're hard workers and that many of them actually work in construction, building the houses we need.

I'd wager that the OP hit the nail on the head here. There are many large Pakistani communities in England in areas such as the Midlands, East London and Bradford that do not inter-marry, socialise or integrate outside their own culture, and when after two or three generations this remains unchanged the perception to the locals is that the cohesion of their communities have taken a real turn for the worse.

The EU's inability to manage middle eastern migrants in a controlled way, along with the belief that most will eventually hold EU passports and speak rudimentary English I think were major deciding factors in those communities, communities that have had demographic shifts not seen in Scotland and Northern Ireland & whose concerns are shut out and branded racist and xenophobic by both the media and the left.
>>Chinese are concerned about immigration of people who come there to exploit the welfare state (even if it is actually rather non-existent).

That's literally the same concern everywhere. Polish people are concerned about immigrants coming there to claim their benefits, even though the immigration is literally non-existent, and Polish welfare pays something like $60/week if you are unemployed so it's not exactly something people would come here for. It's just people being fearful of issues that don't exist.
Prime Ministers in countries that have them are usually the leader of the largest party in the lower house of their Parliament. David Cameron doesn't have to resign immediately, because he's still the leader of the largest party.

He's resigning (or rather has announced he will resign before October) because he had certainly given the impression to his party that if 'Remain' didn't win, he'd resign. He could try and stay on, but the party might get rid of him and vote to make someone else leader (therefore forcing him to resign as Prime Minister).
To be fair they spinned up a huge populistic propaganda machine focused on the UK youth. While i like the idea that these numbers say something, they probably dont.
The working classes have seen wages depressed by eastern Europeans willing to work for less in skilled manual fields e.g. building. It's a sore point for many.
Sure, but there have to be lower and upper limits to it. Or would you want a rich guy to pay $750k? Hmm, maybe there shouldn't be an upper limit.
>they only use the same money, and it's still splitted in "nation" then it's the same, different rules, different culture

Have you ever actually been to the US?
"...without a passport".

There, I fixed it for you. You don't need a VISA, you don't need a permit. I know plenty of Europeans that moved from the UK to mainland Europe and vice versa. (That's right - we are all Europeans...)
As a UK citizen I live in Spain and I would never dream of having a say in how the Spanish people should live their lives.
Apple has more map users than Google maps on iOS simply because you can't change defaults
> As bad as David Cameron was, he kept us out of war.

'Military interventions' during Cameron: Libya (2011) , Syria and Iraq are the first to come to mind. The first being politically motivated rather than on humanitarian grounds.
> most decisions are taken by the Commission

Most decisions were. Post-2009, legislation has to go through Parliament. The Commission remains the initial proposal engine, and makes executive decisions on some things, but in reality most of the urgent matters are dealt with by the Council, i.e. the elected heads of state. Commissioners these days are just people saying "wouldn't be nice if we did this and that?" and then elected MEPs hammer out details and eventually decide whether it looks sensible or not. A lot of Directives are actually fairly-generic guidelines anyway and can be "interpreted" at local level.

> and the ECB

Central bank independence is widely considered a pillar of economic stability. I have my problems with the ECB (mainly that they are fairly powerless in real terms), but not about being nominated vs elected.

So uhm, this trope that the EU is full of "unelected" people is not really up to date, although it was true in the past.
Instead, you get European regulations that ban you locally.
That being said.. the fact that there are people in Brussels that probably spend hundreds if not thousands of man-hours figuring out what is butter and is not kinda illustrates what people don't like about the EU
It is good news for Europe (and bad news for the UK).

You don't have to be a fan of the bureaucratic EU but leaving was madness. They have now all the disadvantages and no advantage. The UK will likely have to pay MORE to the EU than before if they want to keep access to the EU market (see Norway who pays more per head already while not being a EU member).

"The City" will lose big time:
https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2016-03-16/london-co...

And the EU gets a chance to restructure. A good day for Europe and a bad day for the UK. Would be insane if Scotland and Northern Ireland now want to leave the UK.

Biggest Idiot of them all: Camerone. Wanting to leave the EU for years, then becoming an advocate of staying. He got what he asked for. At least he took the consequences. But all in all an idiot extraordinaire.
I might be wrong, but I think people like Alan Kay and Christopher Alexander have in common that they:

* see that things can be done better (not as in upgrade but best);
* have a global idea/feeling of how this could be done;
* take a lot of ideas from nature.

And somehow I think they have a lot of trouble expressing the 'how'.

My take: we should take a good look at nature because this is closest to what we are.
For example the communication between objects could be learned from cells.
How do you know tech wouldn't be more advanced than it is now if the public hadn't been forced to pay for government science?
It could prove to be a bad, really bad decision for the UK. It could probably be a great gift to those who despise the UK in the EU. The british overestimate the power of their economy at this moment i believe.

- They had the unique privilege of a strong, international financial sector within the EU, while simultaneously having their own monetary policy. This attracted foreign capital, and this capital will feel less safe now.

- They profit massively from the import of EU workers, not just the low-paying ones. Lots and lots of academics were welcomed to the huge academic sector. These workers don't have familial ties to the UK, they can move to another european country easily.

- They profit from having hundreds of thousands EU students in UK universities. They used this arm to export their ideas and technology. This means their influence in the continent will be severely limited now.

The resignation of David Cameron is a testament to what a big failure this is. I am still of the opinion that the referendum was more of a way to blow off steam for various issues , and the EU is used as a scapegoat here. Unfortunately, whatever the motives, in democracies decisions are respected. On the other hand, this presents plenty of opportunity for european countries, which stand to benefit from an inevitable shift of commercial activity.

PS. What is funny is that british english will no longer be a EU language, even though it is the most widely used language in europe. I guess we 'll start using the maltese or irish accents more often .
Since we're swapping anecdotes - I've personally known 4 monolingual English speakers, who've lived and worked in the EU (Spain, Switzerland and Germany) and got long fine. They weren't monolingual when they left.
Sure. The squandering of EU subsidy money on nonsensical "well chosen" projects is hardly a tinfoil hat conspiracy. It's been covered by most major media in detail [0].

Regarding businesses: what about them? I happen to run a business, and dealing with EU partners and clients is actually a (marginally) greater nuisance than non-EU partners and clients. Are you aware of the complexity of the inter-EU VAT regulations and laws, especially for SMEs? [1]

[0] http://hledej.idnes.cz/clanky.aspx?q=zma%F8en%E9+dotace

[1] https://euobserver.com/opinion/129961
I think you'll be surprised how many people spend their time traveling around Europe having fun, being lazy, drinking beer and having sex. I mean, it sounds idyllic, but how many people -- particularly working classes -- do that?

I don't buy the idea that people only travel into Europe because of the EU. Freedom to travel is really freedom to work.
A United States of Europe would not a beautiful thing.

And I voted remain
Really happy for the UK. Hope they can figure out a way to make this work without the EU trying to make a example out of them why you should never quit the EU.
just as an aside, Luxembourg is not really an unregulated economy. it's very popular for fin companies because in addition to access to EU, the regulators (so I hear from my peers in legal) are very proactive speaking to companies to make it easier to set up there, and are quite prompt and more flexible than other countries in assisting companies on ambiguity in interpretation of regulations.
Show HN: How we designed the iDownloadBlog app
Technically the PM serves at the pleasure of the Monarch and could theoretically be dismissed by her should he try to remain in power in an untenable situation.
People are more likely to post (and like) holiday pictures than we have no money pictures.
It's scary that no one remembers this...
Given that he's been writing against the EU for 15 years or more, that's pretty unlikely.
You are not suggesting that the UK leaving the EU will be done on UK terms only, do you? Like "we get that funding chunk and then we leave" or "we attend that EU parliament session and then we leave" or "we don't say how or when, we'll just leave, whenever it suits us, and please don't disturb because I am too busy doing important things which you can not hope to comprehend". How long do you think the EU will wait for the princess to make up her mind?

I do not know the exact mechanisms by which the EU can force the UK out, but one thing I know: we can not allow us the luxury of keeping the enemy inside the gates.

I for one hope this is done with asap. Out is out.
Historically they would likely share a belief in American exceptionalism. Although that widespread cultural belief may be coming to an end.
> But threads weren't invented for shits and giggles, they were invented for good reasons!

I remain unconvinced ;-) It always seemed to me, that if threads were such a great idea, operating systems should expose threads, and not processes. In a way NT and Linux took different paths here - on Windows processes are expensive, on Linux threads and processes are pretty much the same in terms of overhead (but threads obviously allow sharing memory, for better or worse).

I've long suspected that if threads really could "be done right", they would've been preferred to processes. But just like people worked really hard to get hardware protected memory to be fast enough to be usable, I think working hard to get processes to be "fast enough" is more viable than "getting threads right". Amusingly, I suppose Erlang is actually an example of how mixing the two ideas can be a great idea: Don't let programmers know their "process" is a scheduled thread, force messaging over shared memory - and reap the benefit of light weight processes and strong(-ish) protection between threads...
Without considering the result of the referendum, do you know of any other country that would allow visiting citizens from another country to vote on something so serious?

Just for point of discussion since since you only mention living in the UK for over 5 years but if someone had resident for 6 years or over then they could apply to become a UK citizen. For most nationalities (but not US I seem to remember) you could become a joint citizen so wouldn't really have to give anything up in the process.

If becoming a UK citizen is not something someone aspires to then surely a point could be made that that person is not invested in the future of the UK.

If you've only been here for 5 years and want(ed) to become a citizen in the future then you have my sympathies.

For disclosure, I'm British, pro-immigration and voted to remain in the EU; I feel sad today.
It's slightly different depending on the party but essentially the Prime Minister can resign at any time.

In terms of the Conservative Party they don't elect a deputy leader who would take over hence the internal party election for a new Prime Minister in October.

The Conservative Party also have processes to sacrifice their party leader (via the 1922 Committee) which allows the parliamentary MPs to call for a vote of no confidence in the leader and decide new candidates. This is how Margaret Thatcher was forced out.
Maybe the EU as is should also resign and reappear in a better shape.

Europe will stay Europe and I don't think everything will shatter now.

On the contrary, isn't it a nice demonstration of democracy and treaties can be re-negotiated. I'm quite sure that many people are not happy with the current EU arrangement and would vote to leave (if they could and/or if they weren't so much bound by economic benefits as e.g. Gibraltar). An EU reform is needed and I hope this Brexit serves as another signal that it is really about time to speak honestly about 'some issues' and try to find solutions for them.
Part of the issue is that people have differing perspectives on computing.

One half, see it in terms of computer and data science. For these, data-structures, algorithms and ADTs are paramount. Organization of the problem is through modularity and functional decomposition. An object (as in OO) might be useful for encapsulation, data and implementation hiding, and code organization.

On the other hand, there are people involved in business, commerce, industry etc, who need to model concepts, real and abstract, and the complex relationships and constraints between them, into code. For them, an object can be the best way to represent a concept and an OO approach can be the best way to represent how concepts interact with each other.
Berlin will gain the least.

The city may lose up to 30% (google Euro clearing and ECB. I was always a big issue). It will move to Luxembourg, Frankfurt, Paris and Dublin. Possibly Scotland if Scotland decides to secede - a vague possibility.
So he resigns, but he was elected as a representative in the lower house. That means he won't be PM anymore, and he goes back to being a member of the lower house? Does the house pick one of its own members for the job, or does the majority party get to pick anybody at all that they want to be PM?

Do PMs that leave go back to being house members? Seems like that would be kinda weird.
> Unfortunately the EU sees differences as a disease which must be wiped out with always the same prescription: more EU.

I don't see how the EU has pushed or facilitated any kind of political homogeneization. Apart from the short rise of the liberal democrat party, it seems UK politics have been the same for centuries.
Wait and See. Uk is not out of the EU yet, nothing has been triggered officialy in either side and the frenchs like me who remember the 29 May 2005 referendum http://pa.oxfordjournals.org/content/59/1/98.abstract knows that referendum results can be forgotten and ignored quite easily.
And his laughably bad (if it weren't so serious) handling of the 'renegotiation' with Europe months before the referendum. He certainly comes across as a blustering public-schoolboy, which was never going to go down well with his European counterparts.