skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
As I said above, you can verify/prove the invariants you capture in the types. I don't know what you mean by "correctness of loops", but if you capture whatever it means in a particular type, yes you can.

If you really wanted, you could derive a proof that pi is equivalent to some sort of corecursive series, which you can then evaluate in a dependently typed language, I guess. A proof is a type.

On the other hand, how would you write a unit test that checks whether something calculates pi without comparing its result to pi itself?
Apple's Messages target of new Uniloc patent suit
You may want to consider http://www.ocamljava.org/ instead of Frege.
Voting is secret, so your solution as described wouldn't work, but say you used a one-way hash to verify the vote.

It still wouldn't work in the case of someone voting from a compromised phone, because the confirmation can easily be altered.

So now you've got a system where you need to be in front of two separate devices in order to vote, which I find unlikely to be accepted as a solution because of the inconvenience. And even then, it just means that you need two different viruses. Or find an exploitable flaw in the confirmation system. If you've got control over the machinery (including people) that's running the algorithm, the game is over.

My evidence is that there's never been a widely used system that hasn't been compromised: military installations, nuclear power stations, ATMs, gambling machines.

How could you possibly expect voting to be more secure than all of that, considering that in the above examples they had complete control over the network and the devices, and were hugely motivated and well funded in their security efforts.

Voting is too important to be handed over to a group of people who say "trust us, this time we figured it out". And to take that huge risk for what, just to avoid paper ballots?
My pleasure :)

fsharpforfunandprofit.com is always a good place for general advice on this:

https://fsharpforfunandprofit.com/posts/porting-to-csharp-in...
As a college student, I wonder what implications this will have on the future job market.
The truth is things probably have been overvalued for while. Bubbles pop when enough people fear and start to sell. A good article on this should create a graph of how many articles over time have been jumping on the tech bubble bandwagon. Anecdotally I've noticed a massive increase in the past few months by more respected business people.
Personally, I think you'll have more success with something more gradual than a complete syntactic overhaul. I've never used pure4j or frege but it sounds like pure4j is something you could try out incrementally, which could be quite immediately useful for your team.

Best of luck!
What's funny about the quoted article (http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2010/12/17/facebooks-5...) is that of the 7 companies the blogger mentions in that list, only 2 are currently valued above those 2010 valuations - Facebook at 6x and Twitter at 3x.

GroupOn is at 0.3x, Foursquare and Quora are zombies and it's unclear what's going on with Bonobos or Lunatik.
Well, yes. In the sense that I use search engines other than Google, and I know others who do the same. And I know many people who use operating systems other than Windows.

I get what you mean, but at the same time, a monopoly these are not. Just because there are companies that have a very large market share does not mean there are no alternatives.
I've noticed this as well. I worked as a grocery store checker in college, and was consistently one of the most efficient in the store. Yet now when I use self-checkout machines I feel like I'm fighting them every step of the way. Yes, I scanned the item. Yes, I put it in the bag. No seriously, it's in the goddamn bag.
Memoirs of extraordinary popular delusions and the madness of crowds
Yeah, that's quite a resource, I've been reading through their stuff a lot lately
> Reproducible builds is not exactly a solved problem.

Indeed, but we are getting there (over 90% of packages from Debian stretch amd64 and 99.9% of OpenWRT packages):

https://tests.reproducible-builds.org/debian/
https://tests.reproducible-builds.org/openwrt/
I have a hard time understanding precisely what gives these companies such high perceived values.

In the end I have to believe people are measuring the value based almost exclusively on the website's "traction". Frankly, I think "traction" is an outdated metric (especially when it comes to the web).

I almost feel like I have to remind folks here (who are arguing against the premise that we're in the middle of a period of extraordinarily excessive valuations) that the web provides an almost frictionless environment to change. If tomorrow someone launches a better LinkedIn, there is ZERO reason I can't switch over (or use both) that same day).

In tomorrow's world I see individual engineers (or surely teams of less than 10) will have the capacity to build a product better than LinkedIn, at and beyond the scale of LinkedIn, in their garage (thanks to the cloud). With little to no investment.

In the future (by my estimation the not-too-distant future) $20+ billion for a resume website will be unconscionable (if it isn't already).
Another pretty good tool e.g. for fast prototyping: https://github.com/ondras/wwwsqldesigner
https://archive.org/details/memoirsextraord13mackgoog

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraordinary_Popular_Delusi...

But this time is different.
Ps. Create your own Show HN, instead of shitting on someone elses.
If they become really affordable, I'd love to have a giant, soccer-ball-sized diamond just for the fun of owning an enormous ultra-hard object that once used to be super-rare and expensive. The optical properties of a huge diamond would probably be quite interesting too.
What an exclusionary thing to say. Was that your intent?
MacOS Sierra code hints at MacBook Pro touch bar, Touch ID integration
I assume he's referring to the reporting requirements for public companies. Without those regulations more companies would go public.

(Of course, without the reporting requirements they probably wouldn't IPO for as much as every offering would need a bigger 'possible fraud' discount)
I think writing off SnapChat as "nonsense" might be unwise. I'm 35 and even I enjoy sending snaps back and forth with my wife. (And I'm talking G-rated stuff; look what the kid just did, that kind of thing.) And I'm not even really the target demographic. It's a new communication paradigm, much like Twitter was. (A completely different paradigm, but similarly new.) It will likely have similar challenges. But it isn't just some "nonsense".
You seem to be a software developer who is advocating that people not automate something that's tedious (writing and running SELECT and UPDATE queries). Weird.
The lecture slides from 2016 are on the course website (which this HN post links to).
For reference: http://pegwars.blogspot.com/2010/03/what-is-pegwars.html

Neat to see his project grow and evolve as he did for good bit of his life.
Anyone who's been working legally for 3 months is eligible for healthcare.
Indeed, such ideas would create an atmosphere of fear and increase cover-ups, rather than solve problems. There needs to be a solution that acknowledges the inevitably of mistakes and still deals with the issue.
Any suggestions on finding the latest, greatest versions of these fonts?

For example, I found what appears to be the home page of Monsterrat (http://montserrat.zkysky.com.ar/en) but it directs me to Google Fonts. Similarly, I searched for "vernon adams fonts" and I don't see what looks like a canonical page for them.
China doesn't guarantee the US' safety by itself. The US also provides that.
Trading almost 2M shares on a 5M market is a silly thing to do.

More sensibly, tossing out one batch at a time of less than 5% of the market will allow the stock to clear without sinking the market.

So parcel up the 2M into 50 groups of a few tens of thousands and we are cooking with gas.
Do you have some example?
The ones I referenced are here:

https://www.cis.upenn.edu/acg/softbound/

http://sva.cs.illinois.edu/downloads.html

http://dslab.epfl.ch/proj/cpi/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SPARK_(programming_language)

http://goto.ucsd.edu/csolve/

http://saturn.stanford.edu/pages/overviewindex.html

Replaced Astree with Saturn as most won't be able to afford Astree. Do test Softbound, SAFEcode, and CPI on various libraries and vulnerabilities to find what works or doesn't. Academics need feedback on that stuff and help improving those tools. There's a serious performance hit for full, memory safety like Softbound+CETS but knocking out that many vulnerabilities might easily be worth some extra servers. Have fun. :)
>People, that I knew spoke 0 english, would like many of my text only English posts

so what you are saying advertising on FB for asian markets is pretty much throwing money away, and any engagement stats are meaningless trash.
I'm guessing for the VC and wealthy, it is the "house money effect" If you made $100M on your first company, you can afford to risk $10M hear and there.
So to be clear:

- You have 500M rows x 50 columns of stats for each row.
- For any stat, you want the ability to display the top 10M.
- In under one second.

Is that correct?

If so, I think the problem is not clearly described. What does it mean to display a result row? Are you displaying the stat value and a primary key? The entire row? What exactly does it mean to display 10M rows? Are they all presented on one web page? Or is it N at a time with prev/next links? Or is there random access within those 10M (e.g. find me in the ranking for stat #27). Do you overlap retrieval with the display process, (showing the first rows when available)? When someone clicks prev or next does it recompute the entire result?
I wouldn't necessarily agree with this. Many functional programmers actually prefer some of the advantages of black boxes. Even methods as a calling interface vs functions are more a stylistic difference (when you aren't factoring in subtype polymorphism). OO languages tend to have the convention of not keeping effectful operations in methods referentially transparent (with effectful values), but there's nothing inherent to the idea of OO that says this must be the case. Scala could just as easily have something like haskell's IORefs instead of vars and make use of an IO monad to achieve a similar effect.

I'd argue the bigger difference between the two styles is with methods of polymorphism, but even functional programmers in different camps probably don't agree on the reasons for why they prefer not to have subtype polymorphism.

Your opinions about encapsulation probably have more to do with your preferences wrt typing discipline. Functional programmers who prefer static types often view black boxes as an asset. In fact black boxes form the basis of the free theorems, which can provide some nice assurances about the behavior of code that has few assumptions about the data it receives: https://bartoszmilewski.com/2014/09/22/parametricity-money-f...

Similarly, data without exposed constructors can be used to enforce strong invariants about code using techniques like smart constructors: https://wiki.haskell.org/Smart_constructors

Black boxed data also conveys advantages for library maintainers. It makes it much easier to change implementation details, because you're only required to preserve the semantics of functions operating over data rather than its exact innards. Not doing this for the String data type in haskell is arguably the largest reason why it won't be phased out to the superior Text type: http://dev.stephendiehl.com/hask/#string
Is there much sense in auditing things that are usually used by the admin and are by design exposing a lot of control of the server? Sure it must not be exposed to an outsider, but if auth is done right, it doesn't matter how far the insider can get... IMO
I find both mental models useful. For example, "accumulate all of the monoids in this collection" (https://hackage.haskell.org/package/base-4.9.0.0/docs/Data-F...) makes total sense as a functional operation. You have a collection and some pure operations you want to apply to combine it all into one thing.

But then, sometimes you just want to iterate across a list of directories, read some files, and put some results in lists. Tail-recursion here feels dumb. Like, dammit, I'm the human and you're the computer, I know you can turn a sequence of instructions into a tail recursive loop for me, so don't make me think.

Haskell, due to its effectful / monadic vs. pure syntax distinction isn't terribly great here. Ideally I'd write all of my code in an "imperative style" all the time, but a row-typed effect inference system would determine which functions were pure, or in IO, or async, or in ST, or threw exceptions, etc. Koka [1] is an interesting language that explores some of these ideas.

[1] http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/projects/koka/
I not only want a dumb pipe, but one that's going to get bigger over time, like it has been, for a reasonable price. I'm not sure how net neutrality is supposed to accomplish that. I don't need my water to taste better over time, or my electricity in different voltages. You can't just declare something a utility without honestly pointing out these differences and addressing potential ramifications.
>Data about current investigations has also been lost, which is delaying them.

[...]

>"We've opened an investigation to try to find out what’s going on, but right now, we just don’t know," Stefanek said.

I wonder where they're putting the files for that investigation.

I wonder if their backups were corrupted too, or if they just overwrite the old ones with newer ones as a cost-saving measure. Or whether no one ever tried restoring from them and for whatever reason they never could have been restored from.

Since people rarely prioritize it until it's too late, maybe 'restore from backup' drills should be a common thing.
one could argue there was a kind of bubble of the American middle/working-class from say 1945 through the 80's/90's. and that this bubble has been deflating since, through a combination of Mexican labor immigration (both legal and non), off-shoring of jobs to China/India/etc, and the increasing automation of software and hardware whose benefits disproportionately flow towards the capitalists and the highly technical specialists like programmers. That would be a kind of bubble which lasted a half century. Period where that segment of American was "over-valued" relative to otherwise comparable people who happened to be born in other countries around the world.
More than 50% (I think 60% if still the same) of investment money isn't people trading stocks. It's 401k plans and other retirement and investment vehicles. People with money just want to try and earn money on that money. Many with 401k plans and stock options can't even really trade. The second fear kicks in the market it will fall as always does. I just realized something interesting.

1988 - housing market bubble S&L scandal etc. market crashed.

1998-1999 - dot com bubble burst.

2008 - Housing and lending crashes economy.

Seems like the most major events in the markets crashing have been coming every ten years or so. Markets crash and it's called a bubble after but, it's all fueled by media events, fear and then panic selling.
An HTML version with hyperlinked table of contents and index can be found here:

https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/516

Information about this book:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extraordinary_Popular_Delusion...
Extreme Batch Codes in Notepad That You MUST See
> …Google has never updated it, ignoring the author’s pleas.

It looks like the source repo is at https://github.com/google/fonts — has he tried a pull request? If not, maybe we can help with updates until they make it friendlier for less-technical creators.
Why don't you just send it as a text message instead of having your child's moment deleted?
Wow! In 2016, to have a successful Kickstarter, you don't even need to deliver anything; you just have to be charismatic and write interesting updates for people to want to give you money.
Ya no estás solo
Aldi checkers used to key everything in, from memory, at lightning speed.
A NumFOCUS History: Sustaining Open Source Scientific Codes
NSA Mass Surveillance: US Gov. Wants to Intervene in European Facebook-Case [pdf]
How to download Coursera’s courses before they’re gone forever
Maybe because most parents, especially new parents, already get enough of that "friendly advice" from strangers on the street, in the shops, at the park, and everywhere else.
I wonder when it's possible to 3D-print the necessary shape. Given the material properties, the results could be, eh, really good.
Behavior Design Part 1: Habit Design
There [0]: the GCD m n d type proves that the greatest common divisor of m and n is d.

[0] http://www.cse.chalmers.se/~nad/repos/lib/src/Data/Nat/GCD.a...
There are lots of the touch screens in Ontario, Canada, in and around Toronto. Really neat.
Really cool would be to have processes on planets (and stars) which would modify them. To be able to modify them at will and have modification persistent.

Probably quite doable.
Just wanted to say thanks again for that link. I watched it today and was reminded of some rules and found some I didn't know, so awesome.
>>I was curious if you could tell me what value WhatsApp is actually providing?

I used to think like this too. Then I went on an overseas trip with a group of thirty baby-boomers (parents' friends). What I saw blew my mind.

Despite the fact that most people on the group could barely use a computer, they were very savvy and frequent WhatsApp users. They had created a group prior to the trip and everyone was a member, and throughout the trip the app was used to coordinate meeting times, share cool finds, joke around and exchange photos taken with the rest of the group. If a sub-group split up from the main group for a few hours, they quickly created their own group within the app, and then discarded it after joining with the main group. All within seconds. Even the several 70+ year olds in the group were using it and having a great time.

Then I realized: WhatsApp is an easier-to-use, more reliable, more secure and free version of SMS. That's why it's a big deal.
Power plants are no longer America’s biggest climate problem. Transportation is
Most real estate agents, mortgage brokers, and building contractors couldn't see the real estate bubble either. It's hard to see a bubble when you're inside of it.

The tech bubble may very well outlast the US dollar bubble.
For someone that knows a thing about CUDA and parallel programming already, the best reference is Paulius Micikevicius’ presentations. If the words in it mean something to you, these 100+ slides explain more about the hardware and programming model than any other documentation you’ll find elsewhere.

http://on-demand.gputechconf.com/gtc/2013/presentations/S346...

If you want to really master CUDA, Nvidia GPUs and the various programming model tradeoffs, the best thing is to write a GEMM kernel and a sort kernel from scratch. To take it even further, write two of each: one that optimizes large GEMMs/sorts, and one that optimizes for batches of small GEMMs (or large GEMMs with tiny (<16 or <32) `k` or another dim) / batches of small sorts. Specialization for different problem configurations is often the name of the game.

For GEMM, you can work through the simple GEMM example in the CUDA documentation, then take a look at the Volkov GEMM from 2008, then the MAGMA GEMM, then the Junjie Lai / INRIA GEMM, then eventually the Scott Gray / Nervana SASS implementation, in increasing order of complexity and state-of-the-art-ness.
"Suppose you have a flower data set, and each item has two parts: one value for flower diameter, and one for leaf length."

"Oh, that makes sense."

"Makes sense to me, too."

"And me."

"I wish my professor had just said that. Thanks!"

There is a lot of middle ground between an artsy, overly wordy scenario and a perfectly abstract scenario using jargon that's defined in terms of other jargon, etc.

The cross-disciplinary sweet spot is where you can define a problem from one side in terms compatible with an existing solution from the other side. You end up with language that's somewhere in the middle and easier to understand than it was at either extreme.
Former Microsoft Exec to Become CEO of North Dakota
Former Microsoft executive Doug Burgum has defeated North Dakota Attorney General Wayne Stenehjem in the Republican primary for governor. Burgum is an Arthur, ND native who led Great Plains Software in Fargo from a startup through its sale to Microsoft for $1.1 billion in 2001 and served as a Microsoft executive until 2007. Burgum now develops downtown Fargo real estate and invests in startup companies.
LinkedIn CEO: Here’s Why I Sold the Company to Microsoft
'BadTunnel' Bugs Left Every Microsoft Windows PC Vulnerable for 20 Years
Expect to see more of it in California in the future. All it took was a class action lawsuit (and 7 years).

http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-ln-court-sitting-wo...
I have seen plenty of corporate software that was supposed to work with exactly that version of IE.
When you were automatically forced to upgrade to a newer version usually nothing worked anymore.
In some cases even forcing the compatibility layer.
I would rather see that kind of software, developers that produced it and users disappear.
In my experience few things are more annoying than an IE specific website.
If you are happy with it, then great for you.
But I believe that you are the first person that is actually happy to use IE given the aforementioned quirks.
It fascinates me that anyone smart enough to be in tech seems to think banning a type of weapon solves any evil.
Trying to build ever-larger aircraft carriers is like vertically scaling using mainframes. The number of uses for these seems to be dwindling, and it's becoming harder to justify the cost and complexity of maintaining this expensive and uncommon hardware.

Compare with horizontal scaling, which in this case translates to large numbers of individually-capable units acting in coordination.

It's just too damn hard and expensive trying to protect a single valuable target against an ever-increasing number of threats.
What is the difference between this and aic/bic?
That's true. Even during the dotcom bubble, internet incumbents used their high valuations to leverage questionable acquisitions. Yahoo's purchase of Broadcast.com for over $5B being the most notable example.
State of Surveillance: VICE
One Kings Lane Sold for a 'not Material' Amount to Bed Bath and Beyond
Questions about Google autocompl
You can also look here for advices: https://www.reddit.com/r/Compilers/
There are people who is specialized on developing compilers.
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