skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Research FP languages like Coq have enabled INRIA to build a fully verified C compiler (Compcert), can your tools accomplish this?

First of all, end-to-end verification is something very unique. CompCert is a great accomplishment, but it is only a medium-sized program, it required a world-expert to write, and even then it tool a lot of effort and still he skimped on the termination proofs.

Imperative tools, OTOH, are used every day by thousands of engineers to write verified software of various kinds (e.g., [1]). So the answer to your question is: except for end-to-end verification, which is extremely costly with any approach, they can do better. In fact, as promising as FP approaches may be, they are still very much in the lab with nearly negligible industry use (and in the one or two cases Coq has been used in the industry, it was always done jointly with academics).

Also, I'm a bit puzzled because you specifically mentioned OCaml, which is an imperative functional language.

In fact, while the difference between programming language in terms of general amenability to formal methods is not great, there are certainly large differences in amenability to model checking. This is why a language like SCADE (based on Esterel and the FRP-ish Lustre) is a fairly widely used tool in aviation software. If anything, a synchronous language like Esterel or the modern Céu[2] are a better choice if you want your verification to be as automatic as possible and run in a resource-constrained environment (that's killing two birds with one stone).

> As far as Europe is concerned, FP does appear to be the future of formal verification.

Even if you look at INRIA, the most European of institutions and the birthplace of Coq, you'll see that they dedicate significant verification research to other approaches[3]. At Max Planck, FP is a clear minority[4].

And if you look at the academic community at large without artificially restricting it to Europe (which certainly has a linguistic bias), you'll see that the verification community is certainly not betting on FP (although they are certainly exploring it). Don't get me wrong: FP and linguistic approaches is certainly one avenue among several showing promise in verification. But it is downright false to say that this approach is recognized as "the future of verification".

[1]: https://verificationinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2...

[2]: http://www.ceu-lang.org/

[3]: http://www.inria.fr/en/teams/veridis

[4]: http://plv.mpi-sws.org/
Natural Language Processing to Better Translation
The reason why I make my throwaway email accounts with gmx.com is because when I tried to create Google or yahoo addresses they both required a phone number. Yes, I am aware that wasn't a requirement 10 years ago. You also got my gender wrong.
The RCT you cite examines the effects of "wealth shocks" (read: unexpected winnings) in a population of Swedish lottery winners on mortality and health care utilization, in a country that already has access to taxpayer-funded universal health care. The state pays 97% of all medical costs there [1]. Using this to support your claim borders on intellectual dishonesty IMO.

Re: Medicaid, it's difficult to find high-quality health care in the US as a Medicaid patient, mostly because practices are free to turn you away simply because you're a Medicaid patient. "We don't take Medicaid". That's it. One of the major academic health systems here (in Oregon) systematically directed all Medicaid and Medicare patients to a single low-resource clinic across town by policy, citing inadequate reimbursement rates. The result is long wait times and inadequate care.

[1] Glenngard, A., Hjalte, F., Svennson, M., Anell, A., & Bankauskaite, V. (2005). Health Systems in Transition: Sweden. WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2005
> this would most likely kill "smart contracts" (since they can just be overridden by existing legal systems...)

I wasn't sure how this was supposed to work. If the success of smart contracts requires them to be independent from the law... that just isn't going to happen. But in theory, they still might make sense as a low-cost, automated way of doing business, for the majority of cases where transactions go more or less as planned?

(I am an ethereum-skeptic trying to keep an open mind, btw)
I recently added support for reading/writing localStorage variables in intercooler.js to support things like this:

https://github.com/LeadDyno/intercooler-js/commit/e83a1ff76a...
This. Being on OPT, I went through all of this in the past couple of years. I refused to give in and take up a regular job, just for the opportunity to get a shot at the H1B lottery (which a lot of colleagues and friends have suggested).

I moved from SF back to Mumbai, India(my home country) earlier this year and don't regret it one bit. There's a lot happening here and there's a boom in the startup space in general in the country.

For the US, I definitely see a pretty big negative impact in the long run if the immigration system continues to remain as messed up as it is at the moment. I truly hope some kind of a startup visa is implemented so that future graduates, thinking of starting up do not have to fight against getting kicked out.
I don't think that there was any pressure to deeply formalize contrasts before this because even if you did, there would still be recourse to a human judge (not just a compiler). If one party didn't like the strict reading they could sue.

The question that's playing out right now is "is there human judge behind the code." If a set of humans (miners and developers) successfully overrule the code, this will seriously undermine the whole premise of this project.
This is also just troll. An engineer looks at a tool, as it is. Sometimes a plastic screw may be better than a steel one. Look at any tool as it is, not as a religion.
If you need to validate the Authorization header on every request that's not really different than using session tokens we've been using for the past 15 years. JWT is just a formalized way of managing cookies. Which is nice and I like it, but it doesn't actually enable anything that couldn't be done before albeit with a more ad hoc approach.
EB-5 you can do for $500k plus transactional costs and probably shouldn't go into the business anyway.

E2 absolutely agree it just feels like deferring the problem to a later date. A lot of exposure for not as much in return.

I think the bottom line is you don't need to be in the US as much as you needed to before, given your track record. Here the US should need/want you more than the other way round.

L-1A is probably quite doable though and it's dual intent. You need to wait a year, but that may have passed already anyway.
I disagree. I found the speaker's style to be very engaging and I was happy to sit through the whole talk.
How would you envision that working? If people started asking for a domain you own, you would get billed more because of it? Or would you have to register your desire for a name and give people a chance to say, 'no, i want that, too!'

Either way sounds bad for a legit company just trying to set up their own site, as it gives competitors an opportunity to cost them some money.

If you had something else is mind, please share more...
What is supposed to give us the impression the problem of contract execution hasn't been solved?

A huge majority of contracts are never disputed, carried out to completion or ran as a going concern without any issues. Contracts are routinely renegotiated when one or both parties have a change in circumstances, or at specific time intervals. Only a very tiny fraction of contracts are ever disputed, and fewer of those reach the courts.

I don't understand the problem trying to be solved here.
> But behind our public enthusiasm for Indian, Thai, Vietnamese, Ethiopian, Korean, and the many other foreign cuisines that can be enjoyed in cities like New York, there is also private, and yet pronounced, form of bias, a subtle hypocrisy that suggests we think these foods are inferior.

Dumbest statement I have ever read.
Why You No Framework? – Go
He is a Trump supporter
This year's carbon isn't what's causing global warming. It would be interesting to sum all the anthropogenic carbon for the last 1000 years by source and see where it's coming from. Then we'd need to somehow work out what percentage of those totals were "consumed" locally vs exported. Europe and North America ("the west") would not come out well in this, though.

This is a global problem, trying to scapegoat any one country is a really bad idea.
That is an awesome question!

I think in an immigration context it's not so much about "creating jobs", but "transferring labour to new jobs in this country (and not another)". Another perspective is that the economy is changing anyways, so having the agents of that change locally will keep better (value-creation) jobs, and profits generated by innovation, at home; and lesser (value-extraction) jobs abroad.

However, in a more macro-economic sense, jobs are created all the time through innovation and new business. Wealth (and, by extension, employment) is demonstrably not zero-sum. Adam Smith, in The Wealth of Nations, described wealth as "the annual produce of the land and labour of the society". When we take ore from the earth or create new products there is more in our economy than there was before. More workers earn more in the production of that value and purchase more with those earnings.

More empirically, the population of the world has been growing at a tremendous clip, yet there isn't mass unemployment. In the US, population has been more steady, but employment has ebbed and flowed. In a global context employment rates seem to be roughly in sync, expanding and contracting without homeostasis, so something is clearly happening.

There are never absolutes; many entrepreneurs do deliver investor value by a net sacrifice of jobs. Smarter people than I have determined that of all avenues to job creation, entrepreneurs are the most effective. ( http://ftp.iza.org/dp3014.pdf ).

I'm not sure if that's helpful, but I used to have similar questions until being walked through the math by a particularly inspiring economics prof. I'm rambling here more because I think it's a fascinating (and thoroughly non-obvious) question than because i have any real answers.
Y Combinator's Xerox Alto: restoring the legendary 1970s GUI computer
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11923933
Show HN: OmniFocus completed tasks report tool
I love OmniFocus and couldn't imagine life without it anymore, since I started using it, but I've always felt like some kind of report about your completed tasks was missing. So for all stats geeks like me out there, I created this: https://github.com/tschoffelen/vibe
... and some of the most expensive restaurants I have ever eaten at were "ethnic".
I hate this style of lazy tech journalism where the interviewer inserts themselves into the story. It worked for Hunter S. Thompson a lot better than this writer.
He is pretty famous in the Bitcoin community.

He donated $20K to save OpenBSD, so he certainly has money for lawyers - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7087800

He also is not scared easily, here is he refusing a SEC request of questionable jurisdiction - http://trilema.com/2014/interacting-with-fiat-institutions-a...
Ask HN: The DAO hack – Where does the real money go?
I am a complete newbie when it comes to crypto currency and the current DAO hack is something that I haven't yet fully understood. From what I have read so far, someone hacked TheDAO which is a crypto currency based program and made away with some amounts of "ether" which then translate to X amounts of real money ($$).

How does the culprit encash that amount or rather where does it really end up? In some (real money) account(s)? Or does it stay as crypto currency which can then be used to buy stuff (online)? And there's no way to track how a particular account/address ended up with that much worth of currency?
Navajos Fight Their Food Desert with Junk Food and Soda Taxes
They get burned to energy in many places.
Spark as a SQL database
I feel like I'm on the only one that is out of the loop on this DAO hack:

Could someone provide some context? Who is the author? Is he the attacker? What does the Keccack hash prove? Does Ethereum even use Keccak? Or is this just some troll posting?
Silly nitpick:

s/mote/moat/
>>its been the execution and the honoring of the contract that man has not yet solved.

I think we've worked it out. Billions of contracts are executed and honoured between flesh-and-blood persons every day. 99.999999% work without issue. A few wind up in courts, but I'd still call that a very good track record.

(Yes I said billions, read up on all the various forms of contracts. Anyone reading this likely enters into and honours a dozen contracts in a typical day.)
Note that this is just a repost, by Mirca Popescu - very controversial bitcoiner.

He famously wrote "The woman's job is to find a great man (not good, by the way), suck his cock, wash his socks and write his eulogy." and other articles, glorifying rape and tying it back to Bitcoin.

edit: oh here it is

> The available stategies open before you are quite the same as the raped woman has historically encountered : either learn to love your rapist and make him an excellent wife - or else die, beaten black and blue.

> You are the raped woman. Get used to it, because this Bitcock ain't gonna suck itself.

What a lovely libertarian

edit2: but he finances OpenBSD. So he can't be all bad.

http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/01/20/openbsd_bailed_out/
"the only ones suggesting that the new climate will be better"

Or maybe quite contrary, it's only people of certain coasts that think our current climate was optimal.

Yes we share a common Earth, but we do have conflicting interests on it.
I do see room for improvement in efficiency.

Kickstarter and PayPal surely have large teams working on arbitration, review and fraud that could be delegated back to the involved parties vote with some rules.

And law suits can be very inefficient.

This absolutely could be solved without a block chain.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming covers much of that.

1. Humans pollute. One form of pollution is exhaust gases. We burn a lot of fossil fuels. One of the resulting gasses is CO2 - carbon dioxide. This ends up in the atmosphere.

CO2 is naturally present in the atmosphere. However, we are putting CO2 into the atmosphere faster than it can be taken out. One reason is that fossil fuels are a form of long-term storage, which took CO2 out of the ecosystem across a long period of time. We are returning that CO2 at a much faster rate than it was created.

CO2 is a "greenhouse gas." It acts as an insulator for infrared energy, a.k.a, "heat". Light comes to the earth from the Sun, warms up the planet, and is re-radiated back into space. This includes a shift from visible to infrared energy. CO2 blocks infrared more than it does visible, so adding CO2 to the atmosphere can result in more heat.

(The mechanics are very complicated. Clouds reflect light, so lower energy. The oceans absorb CO2 but become more acidic.)

The amount of CO2 in the air is small. It's measured in parts per million, or "ppm". The "400 ppm" is a semi-symbolic threshold which indicates the severity of the problem. It's been over a million years since the CO2 levels were his high, meaning (roughly) that insulation level is this high, meaning (roughly) that it's going to get hotter.

2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming gives a good summary of the effects of global warming.

3. I cannot answer this one. There are a myriad of possibilities.

> I also don't mean this to come across as lazy, I just really don't know what I don't know and I've seen enough convincingly educated comments here to ask.

To help pursuade people that you aren't lazy, you could include information about what you've looked at, or why you feel like the Wikipedia pages are insufficiently unbiased.

There are many documents referenced from those pages.

A search for the IPCC reports includes pointers to things like http://ipcc-wg2.gov/AR5/images/uploads/WG2AR5_SPM_FINAL.pdf "Climate Change 2014 / Impacts, Adaption, and Vulnerability / Summary for Policymakers".
I'd love to see a tutorial for JSONB to be used as an alternative to an EAV model or a hybrid approach.
Yeah that's very strange. I've heard other libertarians support Trump too and I can't imagine why. He's definitely not a libertarian.

What Trump has done well is to tap into a wellspring of hate for the status quo that stretches across the political and wealth spectrum.
> Contract language is also meant as a manifestation of intent.

I challenge you to create a formalization of the intent and create a better programming language for smart contracts that includes intent. I could imagine quite well that intent could be formalized to some kind of "firewall" or "sandbox" rules for the smart contract, i.e. that if the execution of the smart contract violates these rules, it will, for example, be canceled by the system.
Why the British, like their country, aspire to be semi-detached
It looks like this is a typo. The question is, "does that matter?" It seems to me that either the code means what it says, or it doesn't. If a cabal of humans are able to overrule the machines, then what is the point of Etherium? Wouldn't we just be trading one group of authorities for another?

I want to see Etherium work, and it is extremely unfortunate that basically THE first high profile smart contract has gone sideways. But I'm not sure if I want there to be anything we can do about it. The whole point of this project is that the blockchain is supposed to be like an indifferent force of nature.
As in the following?

var foo = new Foo();

Totally disagree. I find differentiating between definition and instance via caps very intuitive and clear.
I don't understand the gnashing of teeth around solving this with a soft fork then hard fork. Is that not just as built into the overall system as any flaw is built into a smart contract?

The code decides. But the community decides on the code.

Imagine a hypothetical anonymous coin that completely won over the narcotics trade. It achieved all its goals such that no government could trace it or freeze assets. But one day a supplier accrued a huge mass of coins by selling rat poison. Why shouldn't even fervent believers in the system ignore protests of "tyranny! the Fed!" if the overall narcocoin community forked his coins to worthlessness?
Right, but then the browser is automatically doing the job for you (saving the cookie and then returning in the next request). That would be so bad! We can't do custom code to acheive the same thing...
I read a few of the links you posted. To support a claim that "giving people money does not improve health", you cited an RCT examining Swedish lottery winners who were already covered by a UHC program. People who already have high-quality health care don't spend their lottery winnings on more health care, and winning the lottery doesn't cause significant damage to health. Great. This says nothing about the US population in question, and absolutely does not prove your original claim.
> There should be a 'law' named for that attempted topic distraction in public forums.

there kind of is: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/And_you_are_lynching_Negroes
Aren't cookies the safest approach for storing authorization tokens? I recently found out that both Google and Facebook use cookies for authorization, so it seems like the way to go, though I've read that it gives programmer headaches.
Maybe that huge "rest of the world" figures out its problems on itself? Didn't see much interest towards my fate in the eyes of "rest of the world".
All for 2nd amendment rights, but there damn well be some serious hurdles you have to jump through to be able to own a machine gun. 2nd amendment absolutists are not being realistic, and I'd hate to see things swing too far left because they can't learn to compromise.
I was recently approved for an O-1 and have a less prestigious, let's call it, career than you. My O-1 was based largely off of open source contributions (several startups have started based around one of my projects) and funding raised for my own startup. Perhaps you need to talk to another lawyer.
I found a bit of background here: https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=942404.0
Let me give you another point.

Let's say you are playing a game and at one point you win several million virtual coins out of that game.

The creators of the game claim that you have used a cheat and you respectfully give them back a reference that states : "cheats are allowed, because the game is bug free anyway".

The virtual coins you won at that game have actually zero value in the real world, only in some virtual communities where people seems to trade them.

If let's say the jurisdiction of that case is in Switzerland ( where the company game-creator is based ) and a judge should make a decision ...

You are telling me, that under any circumstances, being absolutely sure the judge will say that this is a crime and that this was a "cheat" so you should return back all the virtual coins? Not so sure.
Facebook having been created by a jew will most certainly always have text.
Planck 2.0α: the tiny CLJS repl, now for Linux
> let alone convincing people that a problem actually exists.

I love this: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lPgZfhnCAdI

It's my favourite episode of the daily show.
Pillow Talk with a Professional Cuddler
From ISS to Earth: Amazing Videos of Astronauts’ Journey
To get an EB-5 for 500K$ (which is more plausible) the jobs created and place of business must be in a “targeted employment area.” (high unemployment or rural).

An L-1A is an option a year from now (I've only recently incorporated), but it's hard to build a sufficiently large company to satisfy the requirements to sponsor without putting down enough roots that it's no longer worthwhile moving.

I think you've nailed it though with:

> I think the bottom line is you don't need to be in the US as much as you needed to before, given your track record. Here the US should need/want you more than the other way round.

It's just not worth it to go through the contortions and hassle required to stay and start a company in the US. In a connected economy I can get the full value of the education & networks I've picked up in the states from any first-world country, and create value there.
It's a common part of human nature. Assigning bad moral character on the basis of group identity, rather than on individual actions, is the essence of tribalism and bigotry.

Sure, the DoD has an outsized impact on people's lives and a highly controversial history including both major evil and major good.

It seems to me a positive thing that someone of good character and strong capabilities would go to make things better, vs allowing bad actors to accumulate and do what bad actors do.
If a valid contract was entered and accepted, where is the clear theft?

Supposedly DAO has the ability to cancel the transaction anyway. Failing to cancel will be additional de facto evidence of the validity of the contract.
Systems Programming in C# by Joe Duffy
Will Bitcoin/Litecoin/*.?coin ever met the same problem?
CarMax Works to Weather Weakness in Used-Car Pricing
Why are so many researchers moving to Qatar?
Slides are available at https://qconnewyork.com/system/files/presentation-slides/csy....

Usually the videos take some time to appear at InfoQ.
Hahahahahahahahahaha! I hope that isn't a real API.
I just noticed that the link has now been renamed to "upvoted stories". Thanks to whoever did that!