skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Quit guessing. Your estimate of food costs is wrong. The bacon and bread at high end restaurants is not the bacon and bread you get at the grocery store. For one thing, the bread at the restaurant just may have been made from scratch and baked in the kitchen a couple of hours earlier. The eggs may have been shipped in from a special farm picked out by the chef. The bacon might have the chef's name on it, too, cause he hand selected it himself when he visited the farm.

And there's nothing frozen and you won't find any microwave ovens either.

Food cost varies but can easily be 28 to 33% of your bill. Now add up how much a couple of slices of your Wonder bread, an egg from your $2/dozen eggs and $5 package of bacon is and then try and figure out why the restaurant food costs so much more.

Let's not forget, too, that, in higher end restaurants, the people in the back room aren't high school kids playing on their phones and dancing to hip-hop while making your food. They are most likely professionally trained with an experienced background. None of them are making $10/hour until they find their "real job". This IS their real job.

How can you tell? You can taste the difference. That's all the proof you need. You may think $15 for a bacon and egg sandwich is high until you taste that sandwich. Then you really know what a $15 sandwich tastes like.
I find the arguments of procedural vs artistic content somewhat humorous given that artistic content is just an attempt to create something that is a fascimile of actual natural and human generated artifacts. The natural world is by definition procedural (unless you believe in a Creator). The human artifacts have some artistry - but only in the broad strokes. Most buildings, and most details of architected buildings, follow a procedural semantic. The natural decay of human artifacts follow a procedural semantic.

I assume that in the near future of VR that few will play "AAA games" (and hence few will exist) because they won't be able to complete with free procedurally generated environments.
I didn't downvote, but just curious: why do you say pounds are more useful than kilos?
I expected to be a Firebase based app. Seems like a good match.
I think you mean "failure"
I also found both the methodologies and the conclusions to be very simplistic. They conclude that repository age isn't a factor and then give apple/swift as an example. I don't use swift, but my understanding is that it's been an ultra popular language for a long time, but only recently got open sourced. I don't think they account for project existence before GitHub appearance which may be a significant factor for a good amount of top projects...
Personally I don't much mind the added verbosity, coming from Ruby/Python/JS, so long as I don't have to write so many damn tests. Speaking from minimal experience, Kotlin still seems like a big net win here. Same is true of other languages with lightweight, static type systems like TypeScript/Flow, Swift, and Go.

I agree about the documentation – I think it's one of the biggest reasons the language has seen such little adoption given its benefits.

I couldn't even find how to integrate Kotlin files into a Java project without using IntelliJ. Kotlin is developed by Jetbrains, so of course they're used to IDE-driven-development, and have a financial stake in people using their products for development. But coming from scripting languages, this sort of documentation gap was a real turn-off for me.
Maybe, but I like Bloom's point that Victor Frankenstein wasn't ready to be responsible for the burden of creation, underscoring the question of who the real monster is in this tale.
Right? Was that a trump quote? I couldn't find the citation anywhere.
> I ended up not recognizing a great options opportunity at my company and contributing nothing to it for 2 years before our stock price increased roughly 15x (basically, I would have been a millionaire like some my other coworkers now are).

I'm unclear - is this your parents' fault?
I'm guessing it's because you didn't back up your arguments. Why is a foot more useful than a meter? Why is Fahrenheit is more useful than Celsius? Why are pounds more useful than kilos?

So let me kick it back to you: What's your argument?

Metric and imperial are both pretty arbitrary; one strong argument for metric is just to get an international standard.
Maybe I'm just an "old" timer. I could never transition to the Wii or the DS. My idea of gaming is me, with a controller in my hand, lying upside down on a couch in an all-out sedentary position. PC gaming is less desirable because it requires me to sit upright in a chair.
You're saying that foot is more useful than meter and so on but you don't explain why.
As an European who has always used the metric system and never encountered the customary system, I am perfectly fine with the metric system.

For instance, I am puzzled by the affirmation about Fahrenheit. Cooking very often uses water and Celsius having a scale based on that. I'm not sure that having a scale with the highest temperature based on the temperature of horse blood is much more relevant in every day life...

And so on for the other measurements...

Usefulness is not a relevant question for measurements, because we can always find real life objects to make these more visible (for instance, one long step is for me about 1 meter).
Sure, but we're straying pretty far from the intent of my original comment, which is: Trial it in a popular game as an entertainment device to ferret out any bugs. Once it's sufficiently stable, then you introduce it into the real-world ensuring that all in-game data is left in-game. The real-world version starts over with a blank slate.

Of course you can't prevent people from finding a way to gamble real money for in-game currency. But to say "real money is still at stake" is like saying that if people gambled their kidney on a video game, "real organs are at stake". That's missing the forest for one very pedantic tree.
That statement applies to you being Han too - your level of education puts you into an elite category I'd have thought?
What is it that makes you not having to write so many tests?
I guess it mostly depends on how you grew up. Coming from the metric system I prefer it a lot because it's much more consistent and easier to convert between units (e.g. mg->g->kg). Even after moving to California I'm still confused by the variety of different units. For example if you look at recipes there are cups, ounces, pounds, teaspoons and none of them is easy to convert.

In Switzerland I used to fly glider planes. Unlike motored airplanes glider planes use the metric system. So heights are measured in meters and speed in km/h. It helps a lot to calculate how far or fast the plane will go compared to feet and miles.
>He's a terrorist, or he's totally crazy, or some other extreme. Not: He always had issues with violent impulses

I get what you are trying to say but I tend to think long term violent impulses would count as totally crazy in most rational conversations...
> For example, a foot is a more useful measurement than the meter.

Why? 1m is about the length of one step (heel to heel)

> Fahrenheit is more useful than Celsius

Why? Freezing water has 0°C, boiling water 100°C.

> Pounds are more useful than kilos

By a numeric coincidence (gravity of earth is nearly 10 m/s^2) 1 kg has a weight of about 10 N. This makes it really easy when going climbing to compute what mass you can put on some part of the safety chain.

Generally: It is a pain in the ass to convert these non-metric units among one another. For one example 1 P̸ = 12p, 1 in = 6 P̸, 1 ft=12 in, 1 yd = 3ft, 1 mi = 1760 yd. Sounds very simple and logical to me. :-(

Alone this fact is for me argument enough for metric units.
State of surveillance. “What's a criminal look like?”
It's the big new stupid thing social justice warriors are hyping up lately, an asinine claim that by enjoying food from other countries we are calling it inferior.
Damn. They beat me to it!

This was going to be my secret weapon when I became a VC and funded "generational startups".
Author here. The first submission of this essay ( https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11919921 ) met with the following response:
>It seemed to me to be a re-hash of a number of well covered topics. It didn't appear to have anything new or present from a different perspective.
> Having said that, I could have missed the interesting bits. It is quite long. If there's stuff in there that you think is insightful, I'd be interested in you pointing it out

So I've decided to repost with an outline of the high-level findings:
1) Parallel construction, over classification, gag orders, proactive suing of municipalities, and more hide surveillance from public scrutiny.
2) Surveillance tech is being deployed unevenly in America, largely against low income neighborhoods (from Stingrays to license plate readers). The aforementioned secrecy makes it hard for the EFF, ProPublica, ACLU, etc to study the deployment of such tech.
3) The federal government is, through "anti-terror grants", funding surveillance for local police, but the EFF/ACLU have found the surveillance tech is used to crack down on non-terror crimes.
4) The FBI and local police are pushing for more surveillance that doesn't involve the judicial system (warrantless surveillance), with the FBI's latest push to broaden NSLs to include personal browsing history and session information.
5) We've passed an inflection point, where law enforcement does not fear pushback from American people on civil liberties, as many Americans have become inured to the new normal.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexagesimal#Origin
They didn't go with that because that's what we call newcomers to Seattle!
Should probably be renamed "Why Kotlin is my current programming language".
It's worth pointing out that most of the formal methods you have linked to involve contracts or specifications as separate stratified layers written in various logics. No Turing Machines involved. This is essentially functional programming as far as I'm concerned. The advantage of the dependant-type approaches like Coq and Agda, is that the language of proof and implementation is now one of the same, but I was not necessarily advocating their use as you seem to have assumed. Even without dependent types, a total functional program can serve as both an executable specification and a logic with which one can derive proofs from (e.g. via an SMT solver). This is what I meant when I said functional programming is more amenable to formal methods. So any tool that uses dataflow analysis to convert imperative programs into functional ones, or requires me to write functional programs to describe what the imperative program should be doing, doesn't provide a counter argument in my mind. Finally, in my very first comment, I provided a link to a startup who are planning on using FP and SMT solvers for formal verification of blockchain contracts, so watch this space...
Words of Obama’s Father Still Waiting to Be Read by His Son
> You're saying that foot is more useful than meter and so on but you don't explain why.

To divide a foot, you can divide by 12, 6, 3, 4, or 2 and get round numbers in inches. Round numbers can be easier to deal with than fractions or decimals.
> one strong argument for metric is just to get an international standard.

And that they are easy to convert among each other (simply powers of 10). And that there is a complete system of units (SI) that is based on it (what is the imperial unit of force, power, voltage, current,...? etc.).
"Totally crazy" generally speaking means some flavor of psychotic. His impulses and personality issues would be classified as a mental illness, Axis II in the DSM, but they would be largely resistent to treatment. Nothing that would be easy to ascribe to him (from a distance) would have damaged his hold on reality. There is still a raging debate as to whether much of the world of personality disorders represents actual disorders, or just extremes in the variance of human behavior and temperament.

That is to say, maybe he was rational, aware of the impact of his actions, and yet he wanted to do it because it was egosyntonic. Contrast that with some like Jared Lee Laughner, who is was a classic paranoid schizophrenic. I think that is what most people think of, when they think of "Totally crazy". Someone talking at the air, clanging and chattering word salad; someone broken from reality.
What I described in the first two paragraphs there.
Yes, I've been using encrypted cookies for years. If the user wants to use my website - they can store their own session data.

The trade-off is extra bytes over the wire as the cookie is sent each same-domain request.
A base twelve number system is in general much nicer than base ten for basically every purpose... except backwards compatibility with existing tradition. It’s essentially impossible to switch our whole civilization over to base twelve at this point.

From what I understand, in places without a highly developed positional number system, fractions for units were generally developed in an ad-hoc way, for convenience, whereas in places with a more entrenched base ten tradition (especially in East Asia where the “abacus” was made of beads on a fixed frame instead of a collection of loose pebbles on a board) fractional units were more often tenths. The metric system takes that tendency to an extreme.

In general, the metric system is an example of building a system less well suited to particular use cases, but overall more cohesive and systematic. Since modern people are universally schooled in base ten positional arithmetic, the metric system becomes reasonably familiar and convenient.
Commenter therein did not specify the locale of the entry-level software engineer. Busking is much, much more reliant on locale than programming.
Stalking the Wild Groundnut
A decent type system
The very first picture, the first thing I thought of was the Agamemnon from Babylon 5. Some of the extreme examples remind me of Shadow ships.
I have arch on two machines and I must say that I kind of regret it at this point. Every update it's a coin toss whether there'll be a regression in some package and pacman seems very limited as a package manager. It basically gives up on conflicts -- there is no sophisticated automated conflict resolution like in aptitude and no way to powerful way to do pinning like with apt_preferences.
Most people writing Java will be able to control the presence of the JVM. Only B2C desktop apps, which are fairly rare these days, will have to worry much about the dependency.
> what is the imperial unit of force

The little-known "pound". :p
I recently moved from a Fahrenheit-using country to one where the weather is typically given in Celsius.

The Fahrenheit temperatures map onto reasonably discrete "comfort ranges" for me. If it's going to be in the 50s, I might want a light jacket. I don't need one if it's in the 60s, and probably want short sleeves in the 70s (definitely in the 80s).

In contrast, if it's going to be in the "teens" in Celcius, the weather might require anything from a jacket to short sleeves.
“A traditional counting system still in use in many regions of Asia works in this way, and could help to explain the occurrence of numeral systems based on 12 and 60 besides those based on 10, 20 and 5.”

Sounds pretty speculative. Has there been historical research about the age of these “traditional counting systems”?

I’m skeptical that this is the origin of the Sumerian number system.
"I just don't see the value of metric for everyday purposes. For science, yes, but not for everyday measurement."

Two systems of measurement for essentially the exact same things just complicates matters. Suggesting that your system is better (I'm (perhaps wrongly) assuming that it's because you learned one first) and more 'instinctive' or 'natural' is pretty poor argument.

Are there any truly objective reasons you can argue one system (in your case, imperial/customary) is actually better?

Yes, some units have slightly nicer divisible quantities, but that's easily outweighed by the crazy inconsistencies between different units of a type (stones, pounds and ounces, for example).

Or inches, feet, yards & miles. There's no obvious relation whatsoever, and while there maybe be historical justifications for their values, they're not exactly arithmetically convenient.

Or the horrible mess that happens when you get into fractional quantities. How much is 17/32" + 1/4"? Sure, I can work it out, but just adding some decimals together is a darn sight easier[1]. That can be done in either system, but imperial/customary definitely seems to favour it IME.

Ultimately, I think people are going to have a preference for whichever they learn first, and intuitively approximate.

For that reason, making a distinction between 'those fancy-pants science units' and 'good ol' everyday patriotic inches' strikes me as a foolish compromise that benefits neither.

I could probably object to other things in your original post as well, but maybe I'm just projecting my childhood biases the other way.

[1] for me, anyway. I've grown up with a bastard hybrid knowledge of mostly metric/SI, but enough exposure to imperial that I can intuit some, but not all of the conversions. Temperature is probably my weakest. I know from memory that 37oC ~98F, and that conversion is 5/8x + 32 or something along those lines. But to see '250F' and set my oven correctly, I have to think a bit. Or to guess if a temperature is below freezing or not.

Having a hobbyist/armchair interest in machining & woodworking, the mental mode-switching when reading/watching videos by Americans vs everyone else is jarring.
Still don't really get the Celsius thing, perhaps because I just grew up with it. It seems to make sense to me just fine.

<0C = cold, 10C = cool, 20C = warm, >30C = hot.
Just wait until you hear how much power is being spent on finding multiples of 3 and 5!
Without looking, I'm guessing static typing.
>I just don't see the value of metric for everyday purposes.

There is a value in saving lives by adopting a universal standard. I remember watching an air crash investigation episode about this confusion causing a fatal crash

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimli_Glider
But you only pay for responses (ingress is free, you pay for egress). Can someone playing the game see how much traffic they're receiving to make this discussion more informed?
Yes, I can. English is the modern lingua franca.

That's why I think your question was poorly posed, and why I think it's obvious why a refugee, when given any sort of choice or allowed to express a preference, would have a bias towards German or Sweden over Brazil.

Do you not agree?

As for Sweden, I think we should accept more refugees and refugees should be accepted more evenly across the EU.

There's plenty of room. We accepted 160,000 asylum seekers last year, for a country with fewer than 10M people. The EU is 508M people, or 50 bigger than Sweden. 160K*50 = 8 million, while there are only 5M displaced Syrians outside of Syria. Many of those don't want to flee to the EU, while on the other hand there are about an equal number of displaced people from Iraq and Afghanistan.

So, what's the point of your question again?
Url changed from http://overlawyered.com/2016/06/justice-dept-case-fedex-coll..., which points to this.
Have you looked at the community edition of Enonic XP (Java)?

https://enonic.com/
The management myth (2006)
NASA’s new X-plane and the future of electric aircraft
The Stormtrooper, obviously
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11924410
Whenever a non-American brings this up to me as a negative point about America, I love saying the following:

"There are two types of countries in the world: Those that use the metric system and those that have been to the Moon.(1)"

(1)I purposely leave Liberia out of it. Unfortunately, I think it still might be a few years before the LSA gets to the moon.
Internet cutoff in Algeria
> Well, they are... if you want rolling releases that are very up-to-date.

Exherbo has this in spades, but with additional configurability and multiarch support.
Under what circumstances are you writing software for deployment in places you don't have administration access on (i.e., your servers, which should be deployed with CM as-is and make adding dependencies trivial) where you cannot package OpenJDK (this is trivial on Windows, OS X, and Linux), cannot expect a system administrator to install the JVM, and can expect Rust to run?

There is a slice of the universe where this exists, but it's not really Kotlin's target in the first place (and I think that's basically self-evident from everything around it) so I'm not sure why you'd try to jam that square peg in the round hole to begin with.
Might have something to do with your moving from one to the other. Living in the Netherlands I know perfectly well what to wear when it's 11 or 18 degrees. To me it sounds like you're saying dollars are hard to use since you were used to yen. With dollars everything is 100 times closer together.
Even Myanmar is moving to the metric system! :)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar_units_of_measurement#A...
Go does some of the same stuff Duffy recommends for C# in this post, like using an AOT compiler and stack-allocatable structs.

Some things about Go may make that style of programming feel more natural. For example, structs are the default and syscalls look like other function calls. The stdlib might be friendly to this style (for example, widespread io.Reader/Writer lets a lot of stuff stream data through a reusable buffer rather than allocate big blobs) but I don't know enough to usefully compare it with the .NET libs/BCL.

Or C# could be better for you. It has a lot of work behind it, including in the collector. Go's collector is now decent at keeping most work in the background but isn't generational or compacting as the CLR collector can be. And using a new language is always weird; you never start out as good with the new as you were with the old. The CLR's SustainedLowLatency collector mode, which tries to defer compaction as long as it can at the cost of RAM footprint, is the one that sounds most like Go's, FWIW.

It all depends so much on what kind of deadlines your app has, how much memory pressure, what else you're getting/paying for in C# land. It's always tricky to grok a different ecosystem. The best ideas I can think of are to look for something existing in Go that seems kind of like what you want to do (like if you're implementing some kind of queue, look at NATS or nsq or such), or just build the smallest project that seems like a reasonable test.
make yourself a safety net and chase a high risk-reward strategy with the rest of your money

Not sure why someone voted you down for that.

A long time ago, Venrock[1] invested in a startup I was part of. They're a "venture" capital firm established by the "Rockefellers". Hence the name. Clearly they agree with your advice, which is to pursue some "high risk" investments.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venrock
I'm excited to see another player in the market for easy, free certificates.

I do wonder, though, why StartSSL seems to care so much about ownership of the free certificate market. What value do they derive from it?
> wonder why applying archaic communication to perennial concepts suddenly makes it relevant for the NY Times to cover.

The NYT is archaic communication.
> if it's going to be in the "teens" in Celcius

So don't think like that. Consider five degree increments instead. After a little bit of experience it's quite simple.
They have angels that can make heart irregularities.

I am familiar with angels. No surprise.

I know what happens in this realm. Clarvoyant. Mind reading. Puppeting. Perhaps making me type something embarrassing by accident.

I know about angels and possession.

God says...
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