skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> separating the program and proof langauges just seems clumsy.

Lamport's TLA (which serves as the basis for TLA+) is simpler than Agda because in Agda, even though you use the same syntax for both types (i.e. propositions) and programs, they are conceptually separate, while in TLA they are the same. Both the program (well, its specification) and its properties are just logical propositions. TLA+, which is untyped (and based on TLA and ZFC) has the added advantage of being far, far (far) easier to learn than any dependently-typed language. TLA was introduced in this paper[1], which begins thus:

> Correctness of the algorithm means that the program satisfies a desired property. We propose a simpler approach in which both the algorithm and the property are specified by formulas in a single logic. Correctness of the algorithm means that the formula specifying the algorithm implies the formula specifying the property, where implies is ordinary logical implication. We are motivated not by an abstract ideal of elegance, but by the practical problem of reasoning about real algorithms. Rigorous reasoning is the only way to avoid subtle errors in concurrent algorithms, and we want to make reasoning as simple as possible by making the underlying formalism simple.

However, there is a debate between the PL approach (championed by Backus, Milner) and the specification approach (championed by Dijkstra, Lamport) over utility. The question is whether proving at the code level is empirically viable (at a reasonable cost) for all but the simplest of programs. Indeed, so far the answer seems to be no. There has been only one program ever written and verified using dependent types (CompCert), it is certainly non-trivial but rather small, yet it required a world-class expert, took a lot of effort, and even then required corner-cutting (Leroy says he gave up on proving termination, simply adding a counter and throwing a runtime exception if it runs out). TLA+, OTOH, is used extensively and regularly by Amazon (and Oracle, Microsoft and others), by "plain" engineers, on real-world large systems (far larger than CompCert), and management loves it because it actually seems to save them time and money. This is only possible because TLA+ is not the programming language.

Lamport doesn't reject the theoretical possibility of a PL that could provide large-scale verification of some sort (end-to-end verification will always be extremely expensive due to simple complexity arguments), only points out that no PL has so far come anywhere close to fulfilling this promise. Of course, TLA+ doesn't provide end-to-end verification, but that is too expensive -- and unnecessary -- for 99% of the industry anyway. I think that the ideas are compatible, but so far in theory only, while in practice they are not (yet?).

[1]: http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/64074/lamport-actions.pdf
Not really a definition, but my very personal take on what conciousness is:

Evolution has brought about creatures that are more successful (in regard to survival and reproduction), the more predictive power they have about their environment[1]. One could say, the better a species can simulate it's environment, the more likely it will continue to exist and be part of the ongoing evolution. Our brains are of course also just products of this evolutionary process and meanwhile very good at simulating their environment.

Now if we think about Plato's cave we could say, that all our experience is just an illusion. It's all just a projection of reality, that our brain creates. I'd go a step further and say: Experience or qualia is what the process of simulation of reality feels like. Or to put it in another way: Conciousness is the process of simulation of reality. The "better" the simulation or the more complete and closer to "reality" it is (whatever that means) - the higher the form of conciousness.

Taking this definition one must also concede that even animals and "lower" life forms have some degree of conciousness. It probably feels like something to be a streptococcus.

Of course all this is just blind speculation - but it somehow feels right to me.

[1] https://www.quantamagazine.org/20151119-life-is-information-...
Chile Has So Much Solar Energy It’s Giving It Away for Free
Working with JSON in Go
Maybe one of the backbone carriers has a bad day?
Thanks for answering. I live in a very low-cost area in the midwest. I have a pretty stable situation and most of my debts (other than mortgage) are completely paid off.
As far as projects go, I've been looking into tiny projects that can return a tiny amount of recurring income, and getting some experience that way. I have yet to make my first buck on a product I've created myself.
Downgrading the component to before the introduction of the flaw would be safer by far.
Days when multiple outages happen always remind me of this wonderful article: http://www.stilldrinking.org/programming-sucks
The Swiss Vote on Guaranteed Income Is About Rich-People’s Problems
Yes, the debuginfo might be linear, but the other stuff is constant.
I should have stopped at "Jimmy Wales", instead I made the mistake of reading until "“Working hard” is rolling into work at 10:22 am and wanting to leave by 4:50 pm because you’re tired".

Seriously. What if the guy is in the office 1 hour less than the normal "9-to-5" if he delivers? Do you pay him to fill a seat or to deliver working software that solves business problems?
They are specifically working on it according to this React.js Conf talk [0].

There's also rwb from Pete Hunt [1].

EDIT: Removed comment about 'standard'. Ain't so bad anymore apparently.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-RJf2jYzs8A#t=00h14m25s

[1] https://github.com/petehunt/rwb/
Yes. My point is to make a distinction between using the high cost of the legal system for leverage and relying on the court system to actually dispense justice. Often people are bullied into a settlement because legal cases cost money, and the other side has more money, but that isn't happening here.

If the courts rule against you, and we believe the courts are just, then it shouldn't matter how the process was financed, or whose interests were involved.
Location: Austin, Texas

Remote: Yes

Willing to relocate: Yes (I'd prefer to stay in Austin, though)

Technologies: Python, Go (golang), Clojure, some Java

Resume: https://linkedin.com/in/jakebasile

Email: jake at jakebasile dotcom

Over my seven year career I've worked on a number of platforms in both an individual contributor and architect/team lead role. I concentrate on the back end, designing and writing APIs and integrations with other systems. I'm a experienced engineer with a track record of getting things done.
I expect they won't do that until Win10 is an established rolling release OS. I also expect they will wait until after Windows 7 is no longer supported (2020) and Win10 has over 50% share. Also, I bet it will be rolled into Office365 subscription. People who have Office365 get recommended and security updates for Win10 for FREE! Such a good deal! You get office, and 1TB online storage for just $10/month!

If they can convert 50% of Win10 users (.625/1.25 billion) to subscription that's $6.25 billion / month or $75 billion / year. Their yearly revenue for 2015 was $93.6 billion. With a billion people (their stated goal for Win10) on a subscription model for $12/mo that is +50% yearly revenue -- enormous growth for such a large company. I do not doubt that is the end goal.

EDIT: "current count" of 1.25 billion windows machines was an estimate by business insider from 2011.
Do you have or know of a better implementation?
MathML on the Web – Please!
And they can totally move to that scheme with windows 10. People (including me) paid for non-upgrading versions and the promise to get upgrades up to point X. I didn't pay for Microsoft to randomly break my workflow and push attention challenges on me before point X. Advertising for Windows 10 is fine, I didn't mind the initial "you can download windows 10 right now for free" reminders particularly much and did upgrade one of my systems quite quickly. I do not appreciate having to jump to hoops to keep other machines (running an OS that is still in support, and will be for quite some time) working as I need them right now.
RDP(no additional install needed) or anydesk(low latency codec)
Deep Learning Helps Transfer Famous Artistic Styles to Videos
> In Geneva, the epicenter of Switzerland’s $21 billion commodity-trading industry, accounting for about one-third of the world’s daily oil transactions

That's pretty impressive for a country that has never even been visited by an oil tanker.
There's a related post at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11825815.
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Just for the record, our company has found that Amazon occasionally omits incidents from their status page, though I doubt they could get away with omitting something this significant.
The recursive way is not the only one to flatten arrays in JavaScript
People get very hung up on the complexity of the language and all the bad code one could potentially write. I use a C++ compiler to compile my preferred subset of the language, and for me that's within epsilon of the best of all possible worlds. If I was on a team that forced me to use every language and library feature, I'd probably be unhappy.
There's another Aaronson call-back: he's complained about how trivial results (like the core part of the Free Will Theorem) will get a lot more attention if you mention free will:

> I wrote a review of Steven Wolfram's book a while ago where I mentioned this, as a basic consequence of Bell's Theorem that ruled out the sort of deterministic model of physics that Wolfram was trying to construct. I didn't call my little result the Free Will Theorem, but now I've learned my lesson: if I want people to pay attention, I should be talking about free will!

http://www.scottaaronson.com/democritus/lec18.html
LogMeIn
I'm sure it has nothing to do with Switzerland's extremely strong financial privacy laws.
Isn't good design always specific to the environment in which it functions, though? Or is that something contested?

"Looking at how people pay on Venus, I would think that our approach wouldn't have made any sense to someone who hadn't seen Earth (or a similar planet) first hand." (sorry ;)
I don't understand this constant fight to have 50%.

There are capable women who climb ladders successfully. The other women who couldn't, simply couldn't, just like many men who couldn't.

Also, pregnancy and breastfeeding cannot be done by a man. A woman who aspires to be a mother will have to compromise on other things to be a mother, which probably will include a compromise in career.

A man who aspires to be a father will have to compromise on other things to be a father, which probably will include a compromise in EVERY OTHER FACET of his life ensuring he has a job to pay the bills for the woman and children.

Why is motherhood such a stigma? Why is career the all-important thing that EVERY woman has to pursue? Let the woman choose herself what she wants to do.
Show HN: Quitting Your Job? Generate Your Farewell Letter
They still are!
Considering Saudi Arabia likes their slaves, I find it quite coincidental they would invest in what is a perfect scheme to get uber to provide what for that country will be a ton of slave drivers. Remind me never to use uber.
Might be an Akamai outage.
I am currently reading "The Glass Bees", Ernst Junger's scifi novel from 1957. It's about a former cavalryman fallen on hard times who goes for a shady job interview with a technology mogul. Its kind of an extended meditation on changing times and technology; the protagonist contrasting his military life with the high-tech world he is about to enter.

The novel's tech mogul Zapparoni (described in Bruce Sterling's introduction as a cross between Walt Disney and Bill Gates) made his fortune making movies that you "entered like a garden" (This has to be one of the earliest references to video games in literature?) and manufactures tiny insect-like robots which work together "like a telephone exchange", performing such tasks as cleaning the pollen from the air. As Bruce Sterling notes, this sounds more like something from our own internet age than 50s scifi. I think its a remarkable book.

Junger is an interesting personality. I can't figure him out or get close to him at all. I really want to read "Drogen und Rausch", his book about his drug experiences.

What happens when a former WW1 stormtrooper takes LSD? Unfortunately there's no English translation.
Seems to me there's two ways of doing this:

1. Totally clear your mind of the previous letter and make each letter a separate decision. That way you only have to avoid being biased toward using one letter or the other too much. This is probably pretty hard.

2. Allow yourself to be aware of your previous answers, but thwart your own biases by including patterns that cancel them out.

I went with the second option and consistently got between .45 and .55. I know our main bias around randomness is not realizing how many runs and patterns exist in truly random data. So I occasionally included runs like "fff" and "dddd" and, rarely, patterns like "dfdf" and "fdfd."
What if they are relying on Docker https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11822562?
If you get asked questions like the ones asked in this article, terminate the interview immediately, show yourself out, hire a lawyer, tell them exactly what was said and ask them what the possible next steps are.
So, since all OS currently have un-patched exploits out there, we should just shut everything down?

k
Nah, you got hit by some malware that grabbed your teamviewer credentials.
It's not true
Sure, but you should wait a few days to let things settle.
This userstyle fixed the white flash problem in Firefox for me:
https://userstyles.org/styles/44928/dark-grey-firefox-about-...
Yeah. Like it or not, the status page reflects on the brand identity and having a status page that reflects the real condition of the infrastructure is immensely harmful to sales. I've found that most status pages suppress information about important events more than they publish it.

I wonder if there's an "engineer's feed" out there somewhere that looks like mumbo-jumbo to the layperson but could actually be useful in allowing companies to disclose issues without the softer side of the company flipping their lids.
A Symbol Neo-Nazis Use to Target Jews Online
Once everyone in an industry starts using a particular platform to do business, switching is very very hard.

The porn industry still uses ICQ.
From looking at the Reddit "master thread", everybody reporting they were hacked reports 2FA disabled. Everybody reporting no hack reports 2FA enabled.

Sounds like reused passwords!
VNC. It requires some manual setup (a server as well as clients), but it is free (as in freedom) software, so unlike TeamViewer there are no restrictions on how you use it.

I use Debian GNU+Linux, where TightVNC is one of the best options, and it has worked great for professional pair programming.

Digital Ocean did a great article on how to get set up: https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-...
I've been following Qlik and their competition with Tableau for quite a while. Qlik is a bigger and older company than Tableau. It's more focused on the technical side of data analysis rather than on UI/UX (Tableau does the opposite). They reached the point where their old product (QlikView) has accumulated too much technical debt so they don't develop it actively anymore. But their new product (Qlik Sense) is not ready for prime time yet (again because of shortcomings in UI/UX), even though it's very ambitious as it's basically a development platform (think Meteor for analytical apps). It seems like going private would give the company management more freedom to make bold decisions. Staying public meant having extra pressure from public investors which are typically short-term-minded. All in all it's probably a good move for Qlik.
How to trick a neural network
In the society that we live in now you're right. And you can either see this as an inequality that's been socialized or as essential to the female sex -- equivalent to saying that girls are born caring more about housework.

The fact of the matter is that being a stay at home parent is extremely isolating. Women who stay at home are significantly more likely to have mental problems [0][1]

"Researchers also found that most of the women in the highly suicidal group held jobs before becoming mothers – a significant life changing experience where they left behind their working identity in a predictable and controlled environment where they felt competent, to the unpredictability of caring for a newborn. This dramatic change could have been enough to catapult them into severe post partum depression." [2]

And there is also a disproportionate push for them to stay at home. The narrative around motherhood suggests that women who stay at home are better mothers.

I stayed at home for a few months while my partner went back to work. It's something I would never do again. It's unbelievably isolating, stressful, and in many ways (especially in the early months) unrewarding.

A way the world would be different would be we wouldn't have people making decisions against their own self interest due to societal pressure. You wouldn't receive polar opposite answers from women around other people and in one on one scenarios regarding their experiences as a SAHM.

[0] http://www.gallup.com/poll/154685/stay-home-moms-report-depr...
[1] http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2011/12/working-moms....
[2]https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/09/090903163854.h...

off topic: bloom filters are my favorite data structure and I enjoyed reading your blog post :)
Boom. #Owncloud shutters after #Nextcloud announces itself. VC panic galore? Open wins! https://owncloud.com/owncloud-statement-concerning-formation...
Breastfeeding declined dramatically from 1910 to 1945 (and stayed below 30% from 1945-1970s). While crime went up from 1965+, it also went steadily down from 1935-1960.
Hi guys, I'm very committed to work hard on this dark theme.
Hope you guys like it.

If you find any bugs/problems, please tell me. I'll release a fix within 24 hours.
Appreciate all positive and negative feedback.
Is it really true, that according to US law, you have to close down immediately if you lose main lenders? Without being given some time to find new ones to safe the company? Seems odd.
Face Palm, Selfie, and Whiskey Emoji Are Coming
That's not what I said, obviously.
Perhaps, but I (network engineer at an ISP) haven't heard anything like that, and all of these services have multiple upstreams and private peerings.
Connecticut’s Hedge-Fund Bribe
Yeah I was disappointed when there wasn't some complicated economic phenomenon involved. They just all use one of Yahoo's products.
I don't honestly care what you pictured in your head you were paying for, because it clearly was different from what you got.

Your unhappiness as a customer of Microsoft is completely worth it for me, as someone who would eventually otherwise get spammed by the botnet on your computer, not to mention the Iranian citizen who thanks you for not participating, unwittingly, in a TOR identification network.

I don't know how to put this in a way that will break through your selfishness, but being on the Internet is not just a "you" thing. You're participating in the worlds largest network of computers, and if you get to pick and choose, manually, when you update your computer, then you're going to be a bad actor.

Your "kid" and my "kid" are in the same "classroom", so I'd like for you to keep up with modern "medicine", even if it's temporarily inconvenient to you.
Very occasionally:

https://statusgator.com/services/apple

(Side project of mine)
Think of it this way, how many times has our civilisation run the Grand Theft Auto simulation? What about all the future GTA session that we haven't run yet. It's got to be many many millions.

Now GTA isn't a very sophisticated simulation, and the characters don't have much AI, but either no civilisation ever develops the tech to make a "realistic GTA", or no civilisation ever wants to run a realistic simulation, or there are many millions of realistic simulations in existence.

And if there are many millions of realistic simulations, and only one real universe, it's literally a one in a billion chance that were in the real universe.
Never heard of Thoma Bravo, but I suggest that if you have any interest in BI tools that you at least learn who Qlik are.
> Chrome was championed for auto updating, and now all browsers do the same.

And they slowly ruin the UI and introduce incompatibilities with other software that I'd like to use. It's why I'm in Pale Moon instead of Firefox or Chrome right now.

> Web apps can auto update whenever they want.

Are you saying this is a positive attribute of web apps? I suppose it is, from the development side. From the user's perspective, it's one of the things I hate the most about web apps.

> Mobile apps auto update.

Often removing features I like and adding ads or features that I don't, and chewing up my system resources while they do it. I've got auto-updates disabled for most apps on my phone, and I read the changelog before manually updating them. Exceptions: financial apps, e-mail, encryption, and other sensitive pieces of software. I'm not insane...I just don't like things changing out from under me with little-to-no warning.
I was watching a movie purchased via iTunes and it stopped playing due to the outage. I switched over to Netflix without any problems.
It's related to Akamai DNS.
Why is "I have a secure OS that still is supported and will be for quite a while, I'll upgrade when I replace this computer/have to reinstall the OS anyways" shortsighted?
New NSA program rolling out? O_O
That is an interesting idea, and on first blush I do think it'd be safer, but it does rely on figuring out exactly when the flaw was introduced, and will result in the "YoYoing" of features, which is confusing from a consumer standpoint.
I as a citizen of a EU country (Austria) also share the same concerns regarding NSA and invasion of privacy by the US government and I'm highly critical of the wars started/instigated by the US in the last 20 years.

But I have no problem with being fair even if I'm the loser in the end. Google is in it's space better than anyone else by far (in the Western hemisphere), same goes for many if not most other tech companies.

I cringe when thinking about using a German or French search engine and having no other option because the EU commission has imposed a ban on all foreign competition. Sadly we are moving in this direction.

The solution I believe is to change our legal framework to reduce the risks, bureaucracy and costs (taxes) for founders of startups. Currently in many EU countries a failed business means for a founder that he'll lose everything he owns.

And if the founder has some kind of success he'll be tortured by bureaucracy and insane taxes/regulations. (50% just for income tax, in France there was even a 75% tax for a few years)

For example if you employ a handicapped person in Austria you almost have no way of ever firing that person. You have to request this from a government commission but they rarely allow this.

Or you hire a woman that gets pregnant. She gets paid leave for up to 2 or 3 years (the government pays for that, but in the end we pay higher taxes for this) and when she gets back she has the right to be employed by you for 5 years in the same or an equivalent job without any way to fire her.

I get that these laws have been created because employees were abused but this is too much.

Edit: When I talk about firing persons I mean of course bad players that don't do their job well or worse, cause damage to the company. I don't care about a persons background, race or sex as long as the job is done well.
Because the people providing support would rather not.

They're the ones telling you to upgrade.