skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I created the WDL specification and parser. You're right that a "workflow" is a squishy term that could mean different things to different people and the lowest common denominator definition is very broad. WDL attempts to give at least one formal definition of what a workflow is. Maybe using terms like "WDL workflow" could make it more concrete.

And to answer your question about if these languages are actually used... absolutely! We use WDL extensively, but it is relatively new, only about 1 year old. We've had a lot of success using it so far.

What does WDL bring to the table? Well, WDL is essentially Makefile on steroids, designed for cloud computing. We want to be able to take a shell script and turn it into a function with parameters and return values. Like this: https://github.com/broadinstitute/wdl/blob/gvda_add_scripts_.... WDL calls this a "task".

Then, once we define a bunch of tasks, we need to be able to link them together. Like, have a sub-set of one WDL task's outputs be the inputs to another task. WDL calls this a "workflow". Here is an example of invoking the above task: https://github.com/broadinstitute/wdl/blob/gvda_add_scripts_...

The workflows we're creating are far too large to be run on a single machine, so we wanted a way to specify what each task needs in terms of CPU/memory/disk so we can provision machines that are capable of running each task. Parallelism is also a very important aspect of WDL, and all workflow languages/engines.

As others have said, this is not a new idea. WDL's primary goal is to make this as easy as possible for people to read, write, maintain, and extend workflows. We knew that these "workflows" would be code and they'd evolve, they'd have to be code reviewed and diff'd, and there'd be pull requests of WDL files, so we needed a way of describing them that would work well in this environment.
Yeah, but it still sounds like a legitimate suicide note and some semblance of worry makes sense.. I understand the desire fore fairness, but this was just posted without much followup context. Have a bit of heart for a second.

If this whole story is the a result of a mental health issue, well - mental health is a serious mother fucker.
Given that the entire source of his main website is

<img src="homepage.jpg">

my first guess would be that he wanted to delete basically everything and leave a static message but didn't want to figure out how to do that minimally in HTML/etc. so he just did an image.
Étendre un conteneur Docker avec un volume dans Azure File Storage
Elsevier Complaint Shuts Down Sci-Hub Domain Name
Key phrase: "I cannot."
> The future explains irrational facts.

Explaining an irrational fact doesn't imply validating it or turning into a rational one.

Explain: make (an idea, situation, or problem) clear to someone by describing it in more detail or revealing relevant facts or ideas.
Creating the world's most successful company in your backyard, attracting high-value talent from all over the world, making Cupertino a household name...is "giving nothing back"?
"This is an enigmatic exit, complete with him still tacitly claiming to be Satoshi. Quite pathetic."

Agreed. "I won't prove that I'm Satoshi anymore, but I am". It's getting more and more like religion -- we don't get to know for sure, we have to believe now.. And I'm sure a herd of idiots will do just that.
Can we just stop giving this con man more attention?
I don't know if it's relevant to share blog posts in French on HN but maybe it could be the start of something :)
You expect companies to pay taxes that they can legally avoid? I'd like to compete against your company.
Yes!! Thanks for the succinct summary!

I'm a bit frustrated that the original comment is the top voted comment, when it is at least more wrong than right.
A few years ago, after a couple of weeks of ripping my CD collection to FLAC, I decided to import it into iTunes.

What happened next was an epic fail exactly like the article describes - iTunes trashed my collection, "organised" the files in it in ways that were buggy and just plain wrong, and turned two weeks of part time effort into completely wasted time.

This was before iCloud, and fortunately I keep my own music on a separate disk, so it didn't try to trash that too.

In a sense I was lucky. Two wasted weeks is a learning experience. Two years would have been heartbreaking.

Two decades? I. Can't. Even.

Since then I haven't allowed iTunes anywhere near my FLAC collection. I've also warned anyone with a music collection to never, ever to allow iTunes anywhere near it.
While free software is good, the real problem is not being in control of your data and trusting the cloud blindly.
Which one did you use? I have had the same problem.
Also try force rebooting your device by pressing the home and sleep buttons simultaneously for several seconds.
Personally I think its very obnoxious, and quite punk rock of them. Not that there's anything wrong with punk rock, its just .. you don't necessarily want it in your cornflakes...
He does, he showed me a photo of himself with some stick figures drawn in, which proves it.
Target=“_blank” – the most underestimated vulnerability ever
I thought he was quite convincing in that performance. In fact, what tipped me off was just how convincing he was, the way a conman would be. What about his body language tipped you off?
Given his character and previous form I would be more inclined to see it as another false trail, perhaps a prelude to faking his own death to avoid his tax problems.
I am still waiting for the answer to "This is why you don't outsource to India"
Yes, exactly. Credit is by far the biggest the driver for income in the financial sector, and consequently its biggest source of pain for those swept up in disasters of their own or others making. Anybody thinking of starting something disruptive in the fintech industry needs to have a very clear understanding of the absolutely central role that credit plays in the entire system.
My mother has an iPod she bought to listen to music. She interfaces through Itunes, and doesn't know what a file is. She's bought maybe 250 tracks from Itunes, out of a 2500 track library. She is not especially emotionally stable.

We finally bought her a new computer.

She plugged it in to charge it. The iPod wiped itself clean. She had not even installed Itunes on the new PC yet. It took us a solid day and a half to get through her traumatic reaction and get the music back on with the new Itunes install through a thumb drive, using Windows Explorer and a new 'import library' pass to bypass Itunes' asinine UX decisions.
Lol, he doesn't have the courage to do the one thing that will remove any doubt about him, but has enough courage to announce to the public that he's a coward and a broken man and likely a fraud on a planetary scale...

At this point his mental health is clearly not good. If he really believes what he writes, he has delusions on a clinical scale which should be addressed before he does something he might regret. If he doesn't believe it, he is a consummate fraudster, a danger to the community, and should probably go to jail.
Probably not, unless you have 3+ kids. My Mom always worked park time, and we had a community that would get together and hang out and share in the child care. And you definitely have to make sacrifices, we grew up in the country in a pretty small house, etc. but we lived fairly well on 1.5 incomes.
It is interesting to note that the only Satoshi-existence scenario whose probability improves with each passing day, is the scenario in which Satoshi / the "Satoshis" is/are dead (unless you think Bitcoin was the first great invention of hyper-advanced AI, of course).

Figuring out whether anyone actually knows who Satoshi is/was becomes more interesting than waiting for the person(s) to show up, because it will never happen in a death scenario. One thing we have gained from this bizarre circus is a sign that neither Gavin nor Jon know who Satoshi might be; who's left? Who might know?
Shortcuts to Building Bigger Arms
He is going to stfu.
iTunes is malware. It's the #1 reason why the first thing I do when I get a Mac is install Windows on it.
Any UI that is not honest with users is a bad thing. I use this service and I know that my original is no longer there when I allow Google to delete my local files but maybe i'm the exception. I will add that it depends on your perspective as to how you see this. You can look at how easy Google makes it to take photos on your phone and then have them all backed up and available with a click of a button. And in addition you can look at how hard it used to be to do anything like that (my grandparents never had photos when they lived in Italy because the town they lived in didn't have any photographers). If you see it through that lens then it's awesome.
It's weird that he's afraid of proving it but not of being labeled as a con artist. It makes no sense.
Curious why Apache license. Not questioning it.
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BigData libraries, toolsets, and examples weekly roundup – May. 5, 2016
The burden is on you to prove prejudice or benevolence. As it would require more than a little insight into motivation, I can't see how you could meet the burden.

I also think the (unwarranted) is targeted enough to break HN rules.
Then - perhaps - this is an argument about whether homework should be compulsory or not. We are constantly hearing about company cultures that require more than 40 hrs/wk due to competition. We seem to (at least tacitly) accept this as a price to pay for success. Should it then be that you can receive the basic skills by merely showing up and working hard in class (which is often true + the primary problem with low performing students) and reserve homework for those who have higher level personal/professional goals (and structure the work accordingly)?
My (non-provable) theory is that Satoshi is not a person but a team, now defunct, that was tasked with developing a crypto-currency. They are probably more scientists/mathematicians/economists than they are software developers, which would explain the very sound but not exactly elegant initial code.

It would also explain the silence - the project is over, the team is probably bound to secrecy because this stuff is classified.

The only time Satoshi spoke out (edit: and we don't even know that it was authentic, see discussion below) was to help the poor bloke who was mistaken to be Satoshi and his life was being ruined, and that was probably a collective decision by the former team members, it was the right thing to do.

This is a different case - Satoshi speaking out wouldn't help in this case, Craig sounds like someone in need of help from a professional psychiatrist or psychologist, http://www.drcraigwright.net/ almost sounds like a suicide note. I feel sorry and worried for the bloke.
I don't think you understood my point. I'm saying that it's possible to be far more intellectually stimulated in ways that will help you in life and your career that doesn't require homework. There's a middle ground, and rote homework is far, far from that point.
Everybody gets WebSockets
I'm a recent hire here, so consider my bias, but the interview process for me was among the best. The questions I was asked were relevant and solvable, some of them involving patterns that I use every week.

For what it's worth, I've also not had to deal with any politics. I just get to work, and everybody is very respectful, friendly, and helpful.
I don't think AES or video decoding uses coprocessors or FPGAs, that's just implemented more or less like any other instruction.

If you're going complete coprocessor, you can do much more like Apple has done with their motion coprocessors or the secure enclave.
> The only time Satoshi spoke out was to help the poor bloke who was mistaken to be Satoshi

no, the forum account was hacked to make that claim. It wasn't by Satoshi.
Thank you! I think one of the major differences here is that Gor is not not a proxy, you do not have to put 3-rd party tool to your critical production path. Gor intercepts traffic and not affect your app - way more safe. Also betamax is more a tool for service virtualization, rather then for continuous regression testing, not talking about load testing. But it is still cool!

Thank you!
I had the same thought: Is this an "Apple Music problem" or an "iTunes Match problem"? The article is fuzzy on the details as far as I can tell.
Google drive has a switch in the options to expose a "Google Photos" folder, which contains the original versions of all your uploaded google photos. You can then download these photos with any google drive client. The photos you download have identical MD5 sums to the photos you uploaded - they're completely untouched.
Concurrent discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11635371
One thing that gives me a little pause and makes me think maybe he is telling the truth (even though all other evidence and logic says he's a fraud) is that the real Satoshi has not put out a statement calling this guy out as a fraud.

When the Dorian Nakamoto stuff happened the real Satoshi put out a statement saying he's not Dorian. That wasn't that long ago.

If he did that you'd think he'd step up and say he's not Craig Wright either. But maybe he did the previous one because he felt Dorian was being victimized whereas Craig Wright has made a mess of his own design.

It's hard to say for sure.
Tin-foil, but if I were Satoshi and wanted to remain anonymous, and some journalists started snooping around, one way to shut them down would be to publicly post a "proof" that seems technical enough to get the reporters to run out screaming "we got him!" but falls apart once more technical people start investigating...
Basically all countries tax companies on income earned in that country. So, if you're a UK company and you earn $1B in the UK and $500M in France, you pay tax on $1B to the UK government and tax on $500M to the French government.

The US taxes companies on their worldwide income when they re-patriate that money to the US. So, if you earned $500M in France and want to bring that money back into the US, you owe US taxes on it (in addition to the French taxes already paid). If you don't bring the money back to the US, you just pay the French taxes.

People have called the ability to hold the money overseas a loophole, but given that basically no other country taxes companies on their worldwide income, it seems more that the US is the outlier.

Let's put it this way. A UK-based firm earns $1B in the US and $1B in the UK and has to pay the American tax authorities on $1B and UK tax authorities on $1B and it can then bring the profit back from the US. That seems fair. By contrast, a US-based firm earns the same amount in each country and must pay the US tax on $1B, the UK tax on $1B, and then the US tax on whatever they bring back from the UK (which has already had UK tax paid on it). This encourages companies to reinvest their profits overseas rather than bring the money back to the US where it would get taxed again.

It's partly because the US is so large and has been more isolated than most countries. Likewise, it's basically the only country that taxes individuals based on citizenship rather than residency.
Can old messages be retrieved once a new key exchange has taken place? Or are the old messages stored only on the device?
This behavior also occurs in the traditional iTunes store if a record label alters the track list of or re-releases an album.
Except "facts" are generally defined as statements for which you have good reasons to consider them true, and "irrationality" is considering stuff true without a good reason.
"The Guardian" has a left leaning bias. So I am not surprised with the way of reporting.
It's at least as representative as the 40-50 college freshmen that are used for most such studies.
For iOS devices, iCloud syncs everything. There is no similar alternative for Android devices. Google Play syncs some: Contacts, Apps and Gmail etc. But to sync app data, other files and folders, Google play doesn't have a copy. And are lost with the device.
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No kidding. Unlike the Newsweek fiasco, this person publicly identified himself as Satoshi, so expectations of proof are reasonable. What courage is he talking about? He already announced.
I sympathize with OP and I generally really hate Apple's direction when it comes to software and user experience ever since OS X Lion.

However, OP shouldn't claim that Apple 'stole' his music files. He signed up for a paid service and he should have checked how the service will affect his computer. We as users are responsible to know what software we're running on our machines and what it does to our data. I understand that a standard TOS agreement is ridiculously long and impractical to read, and I guess that's how we are trained to be lazy about protecting the integrity of our systems and our data, but that does not give OP the right to blame Apple for delivering exactly what they promised. I hate Apple but I don't think that it is intellectually honest to claim Apple stole OP's music.
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Okay seriously, is anyone contacting the authorities to see if this man is still alive? I do not know who to contact or what his location is. His "blog" post sounds like a suicide note - I've had the misfortune of reading others, and there are telltale signs - and it doesn't appear that anyone is taking steps to see if he's okay.

Maybe he is a liar, maybe he's Satoshi, who gives a shit at this point when the jaded comments make it sound like we've been invaded by 4chan.
The web now requires JS to function. I think it's time to take off the tin foil hat and accept it.
Love it. Unresponsive design :p
Jason Silva is bullshit.

The League on love
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrKGP33tKSk&t=40s

Jason silva on love
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-OXfohJQdCA
But he wasn't even the mayor at the time he visited.
Some people in this post are assuming that this is something iTunes does to everyone intentionally. Other people are saying this is not something iTunes has ever done to them. I'm not sure it's worth debating whether this practice is ethical or not unless we know whether iTunes will actually delete your MP3s under normal circumstances. The one thing that everyone seems to agree on is that iTunes is too hard to use.
This was my first thought as well. I hope someone can confirm he's safe. Whether it was true or not, it's not worth anyone's well-being.
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It could be infered using google :)
How OxyContin became one of America's most widely abused prescription drugs
Title: Messaging apps and SMS: How "secure" platforms rely on insecure authentication
On the Composite and Interpreter design patterns
The convoluted way to answer 'Satoshi, is you'. Long pause, look away, answer sideways, pivot back eyes still close, still no eye to eye contact.

Feels like a lot is going on in his mind. Maybe he can't express everything he wants too. Maybe he's just acting over its abilities.
> Just because people can do the basic level of something [...] doesn't mean the field is easy or useless.

Actually, the shovel analogy is quite accurate after tweaking a little.

"Just because people can do the basic level of digging holes in ground doesn't
mean the field is easy or useless".

Operating an overgrown shovel called "excavator" is not an easy task and
requires plenty of training to do it well, yet it's but a tool. And we would
still need all the knowledge from civil engineering (totally separate field,
though "engineering", not "science") to make any substantially larger or
deeper hole in the ground.

All this doesn't make digging holes useful on its own.

It helps to sometimes look from this angle at programming and computer
science.
> no, the forum account was hacked to make that claim. It wasn't by Satoshi.

Are you sure, I wasn't aware of that?

Edit: the "I am not Dorian Nakamoto" was on March 7 2014, the account hack on Sept 8 of same year. It doesn't prove it conclusively. In fact the hack may well have been done deliberately, for a (kind of) plausible deniability (i.e. now you can't tell whether it was the real "Satoshi" and thus there was no provable breach of secrecy).
The Drive client can download them, yes. You can also use Google Takeout and download all of the original files as well.

https://takeout.google.com/settings/takeout
Thank you for posting this <3
> Asides the conversation, the whole source code of this website is: <img src="homepage.jpg">

You're kidding right ?

EDIT : no he isn't .
The thing is if he uses actual proof like the community wanted him to there would no longer be any skepticism. So the only reason to not do it is because you can't do it.
Some of the website is still in archive.org, but will probably disappear soon. Any snapshots before May have already disappeared. Might help for folks to download the old posts before they disappear from the web entirely.

Frustratingly, it appears the main screenshots from the Sartre post (showing his original 'proof') have already been removed from archive.org.
Indeed I have -- they have a really, really good looking product.

In fact, here is a list of all the bookmarking / list services and such here:

https://www.curabase.com/a/b86eefdd-5f52-4455-9a1e-25ad0b0e9...

(I'm working on pretty URLS)
> The man can't even accurately describe how SHA256 works, yet claims to be the mastermind behind all this.

On the other hand: It is clear from Bitcoin's source code that Satoshi Nakamoto did not understand Merkle trees that well: Just read the detailed comment at

https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/blob/a6a860796a44a2805a58...
I believe the guy is Satoshi.

People were expecting the next Jesus Christ and now everyone's so disappointed that "Satoshi" is just an average geek with human weaknesses - not the messiah everyone expected.

Had he started a Unicorn startup, nobody would have even thought to question it, but now that the myth of Satoshi has been blown to astronomic proportions, people refuse to believe that their guru is just a "simple" guy who makes mistakes and is clumsy at PR.

Look at the source code of bitcoin-0.1 and you'll notice that Satoshi was an average C++ programmer who wrote sloppy code - yes it was a prototype - but it wouldn't have stood a chance if other people hadn't gotten involved to develop it into what Bitcoin is today.

Besides, if you look at the code, he wasn't even sure he was creating a currency - it looked like he was trying to create a marketplace, complete with products and chat.

Interestingly, a lot of people treat him like a fake prophet - and are proverbially crucifying him for not being able to perform the "miracle" of making a transaction from block 9.

---

He's not Jesus and he's not Buddha, he's just a programmer who had a brilliant idea and now tries to claim his invention.

But then again, maybe I'm wrong and Craig Wright is just an idiot compromising his reputation and career for a "moonshot" and a minute of glory. That would be totally stupid for a guy who has a family and a company and who's a cryptographer - to make a fool out of himself like this. Unless, what he claims is true..

Who knows, in the end it doesn't really matter that much.
Unless I'm misunderstanding, this was offline data, apple decided to make it 'online'.
My favourite Onion-worthy line from the article was "research on bullshit is still in its infancy".
Itunes is the worst.

It can, without asking, delete the music from your device or your folders, reorganize your folders, rename your songs and reset their id3 tags.

The mentality of "our users are stupid, just do everything for them" seems pervasive throughout apple's products.
Recent discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11610858
This is actually completely incorrect. Many cognitive biases occur at low levels of cognition without involving language, take professional pilots and confirmation biases despite of a ton of training data.
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