skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
What if England doesn't realise it could be better at heavy industry than it is at financial services?

Edit: shouldn't your point be "no matter what England does, someone will always benefit from free trade"? What's globally optimal isn't necessarily optimal for England.
Sorry, I didn't explain well. When I say client I also mean server-side rendering since it's basically the same code.
> Society has some warped views sometimes.

At the moment, stopping to help a homeless person isn't worth anything. We should live in a society where helping someone in need makes you a millionaire. Where people are out hunting down the homeless, fighting to help them.

A society where helping a kid to become happy makes you rich. Making a classroom of kids happy and teach them something at the same time earns you tens of millions a year.
Instead of Hiring Three People, I Sent the IRS $170,000. Government, FTW
I second that. But I would also love to know why type inference and unification are so closely related. I mean, I learnt about Prolog (and thus unification) years ago. Like a decade or more later I'm learning about type systems (properly I mean, via type theory) and type inferencing and unification shows up. I kind of get that intensional typing schemes define typing relations and that logic programming is synonymous with relational programming but is that all there is to it?

The second thing I would like to say. And I've said this before. Languages like Ocaml and Haskell (never mind Agda, Coq, what have you) already have too much typing 'smarts' built into them. I would like to see -- hint, I'm probably going to have to get my hands dirty! -- an implementation in either a dynamically typed language like Ruby/Python/Perl/PHP/Javascript/… or a non-functional language like C/C++/Obj-C/…

What think ye?
(Edit: I replied to the wrong poster or some similar mistake.)
Disregard

How can you argue against the author's immeasureable words/phrases like "very high", "low", "laziness", or "idleness", especially considering that you are relying on anecdotal evidence yourself?

I have seen a bunch of tall trees Georgia, but my friend from California says they are small; which of us is correct?

Who cares when the answer yields no useful, quantifiable information...
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It reads to me, in one simple word, as "not Node, so you don't need tens of megabytes worth of node modules and you don't need a working C compiler in case some of these modules want to compile stuff natively (something that is more and more common in my experience). Also, performance and startup time (!) will be good."
I'm so glad we can take whatever you say at face value with no references whatsoever (not surprising, because most of the wining about neoliberalism does not hold water) and the author is stupid because doesn't agree with you

You should move to Venezuela, they're shunning neoliberalism (and also basic necessities like food and electricity)
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I didn't say they weren't important. But, what a waste, when the doctor saves the life via an operation, the nurse administers care, and the patient dies from an infection acquired due to a dirty ward, when it could be so easily avoided, by respecting the important role of the cleaner, starting with actually making them employees, paying them well, proper training, materials and care, and finally, giving them respect, so they feel proud, as they save the life just as much as the doctor or the nurse.
I'm not sure why that happens, but for me the language gives me 2 extra bits of information.

1. Cool, it'll run anywhere i need it to (presumably) without dependencies.

2. Cool, I love that language, I wonder how they did it.

For many other languages, the checkbox for 2 will be ticked as well though.
1b) I think i'd say that it is both path-dependent and also the simple lack of variation (as in any evolving system) produces poorer results with respect to long-term innovation and sustainability. If I had to venture a guess as to why this didn't happen with the west, i'd say it's because we were first. It was easy for us to transition into new markets because there were no established players already doing it better - making a shitty car is a great business if everyone else is riding horses.

2. Ya, that's fair. But I think it's a pretty huge caveat to "free trade is good" to have to say "free trade is good on the whole, but harms poor, low skilled workers in the absence of concomitant and independent wealth distribution reforms (which are, here at least, politically untenable)". And it's strange to me that Krugman who I think is generally considered leftist wouldn't address this seemingly obvious shortcoming.
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> The author lives in a dream world where Japan has always been a country with low criminality, obedient citizen etc. But that is only the product of the after-war and the massive US investments to make Japan the first barrier against Asian communism.

The author is correct about this. Check out criminality in communist China and Vietnam. Check out criminality in American Japanese who left Japan prior to WWII.
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"the fact that everyone has 128GB Surfaces"

This seems vaguely astroturfy.
Agreed. I got a whole bunch of tailored business attire for literally 10% of the European cost while on holiday in China. The quality is amazing, and the style is copied from the latest designs, just no label is applied so no infringement. I've never been able to afford tailored clothing before.
I've had a policy of no known bugs for a long time, no matter how trivial they are. I'm lucky though in that I don't have a manager sitting over me measuring my rate of feature creation.
Is there anything UBI doesn't solve.
Even a guilty man shouldn't be subjected to 81 waterboardings in a month.
We have that, it is called formal verification. However, the process is time consuming and therefore expensive. The issue is not permissive practices or lack of standards, but the cost associated with quality.
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Qt specifically has very good accessibility support, no?
> People are poor if they earn less than the average (not median) household. From the article "The report looked at the gap between the income of the poorest Japanese families with children and the average household income."

And I thought the US move to define the poverty line as the 40th percentile of income (or something lower; I don't remember this too well) was absurd. The average household income is, by necessity, well above the 50th percentile everywhere. There is no one seriously advocating that over 50% of every country's population is living in poverty.
20,928,924 closed so we must be doing something right.
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In order to do that, you first have to buy a pair of the (likely expensive) DRM-enabled headphones, then destroy them and solder to the annoyingly hard-to-solder wires inside. Ultimately, this isn't going to stop piracy so much as it is people buying headphones that Intel haven't approved and charged a per-unit licensing fee on - it's about making sure they get their cut. It's probably a win-win for Intel and the headphone manufacturers too; Intel get to take a cut and the headphone manufacturers get to charge a premium to consumers, safe from competition from $3 earbuds from China (which are actually pretty good these days).
My rule of thumb: Better for loops when there is more than one "for" and one "if" in a list comprehension.

I think it is more pythonic.

Zen of python:
Explicit is better than implicit.
Simple is better than complex.
Sparse is better than dense.
Readability counts.
Its common for competing companies to test each other's products as a benchmark for their own. So all of these companies will have known that other companies were doing the same and no-one said anything. That's thousands of people.
About NeoVIM I agree with everything except for the fact that - if I'm not mistaken, but maybe I am - the back-end is still tied to the VIM key bindings & modes. I don't think they plan on changing that.

Regardless of my personal preference, I always found it odd: the back-end should be independent of what I perceive as an interface "detail". Even if, in this case, the detail is part of the software's identity.
I actually did this with my Moto just the other day. But they've stopped making the model I had!
Your metric for ranking universities is in no way based on how productive the university is in research or the quality of the graduating students.
Even if you consider the things you mentioned as proxies for the quality of the university, they are extremely weak ones and there are better metrics available to judge the quality of a university.

Am I wrong in viewing this comment as a flawed attempt to attack the university? Open to any counterarguments.
While I agree that the comment was off-topic and not really adding to the discussion, the issue is not getting old. The leaks happened barely a month ago, with no obvious repercussions (save Iceland).

The story has been swept under the rug as much as possible and I will support anybody keeping it in the limelight.
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What went wrong with 5? And yeah use dynamic linking, that's what it's for.
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I agree that fuzzy logic wouldn't work for that purpose. But it addresses a formalism around the foundation of what probabilities are, which to what I could see was something you guys were doing as well. Just a thought.

As for actually addressing logical uncertainty and asymptotic convergence, I think subjective Bayesianism can be used in both cases. For example you write "the axioms of probability theory force you to put probability either 0 or 1 on those statements", which I think is simply not true. If I as an "expert" claimed that "in my experience there is a 70% chance of conjecture being correct", I can set "Prior(conjecture)=0.7".

I like to hear you input on this.
Yes, but Rick Blaine doesn't shoot laser beams from his eyes and Jedediah Leland wasn't 12 feet tall.
My best guesses:

a) Your machine was already compromised when you made the rar

b) The attacker logged your password, either when you entered the archive or into another service which shares the same password

c) perhaps WinRAR encrypted archives have a cyptographic flaw making them easily broken by software

d) perhaps the attacker has been bruteforcing for a while
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For a second there I thought GitHub itself had 12 million internal issues
> England will always be richer if it trades, no mater how good France is at manufacturing. That is the key insight.

Not what happened in real life.

Compare Argentina and USA. Both had been worse than Great Britain at industry, and better at agriculture. Argentina was more wealthy than USA at the start. Argentina have followed the theory (specializing in agriculture), USA acted on the contrary (introducing tariffs and specializing in industry).

At the end - USA is much more wealthy than Argentina.

Comparative advantage is about optimizing for current situation, not about strategic decisions.
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Comparative Advantage drives me insane. It's so widely misunderstood, or just unknown, and yet its crucial to understanding so many political decisions.

I don't have a position on TTIP, but many of my friends do. Having a view on TTIP without understanding comparative advantage is like having a position on Israel without knowing that Palestine exists. It's not that you could be better informed - everyone could always be better informed - it's that you missed the crucial motivating factor that explains everyone's behaviour.

Yet, comparative advantage is hard to explain and seems like some rhetoric thought up by evil, exploitative international capitalists.

To me, the simplest explanation is that trade is always beneficial, because parties only agree to it when they both see advantage.

I've thought about how I'd run a workshop to explain this. I'd divide up the group up into teams and issue a different selection of chocolates to each team. Then I'd ask everyone to swap, and ask each team to say if they were happier after the swapping. Unless the workshop is full of pathologically irrational people, everyone will be happier or at least as happy as before.
the volume of waste generated by a 1 GWe nuclear reactor (were it reprocessed and vitrified) would fill right around three cubic meters

And that waste will be no more radioactive than the ore it was mined from in about 600 years.

(Now, that's not entirely safe stuff for your children to roll around in, but it helps put the issue in perspective.)
Yes and no. NeoVIM is tied to key bindings as much as VIM is (so you can rebind basically anything). But yes, they basically redo VIM, so modes are definitely staying.
Another really helpful resource to understand algorithm W inferring types for HM is Algorithm-W-Step-by-Step at [1].

[1]. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.65....
You do realize that US and T-Mobile was one of the last holdouts with this "bundled"system and in Europe we had this "new" system in place for at least 5 years.
Out of curiosity, are there any such rural areas with an expat presence?
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My rent in Shanghai, China is more than triple this (2 bed apartment)
Once done with that, Wikipedia kinda has a backlog too...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Backlog
The writer thinks of money as something people give to you, and so he's never going to make much of it.

He's totally right that no one would mourn a strike of lobbyists or high-frequency traders. But those guys aren't waiting to be handed money--they're actively finding ways to get it, for better or worse.
So attach the adapter and then pretend it's part of the wire for the lifetime of the device.
On Android phones that support USB-OTG (most of the better/more modern ones) you can literally just plug a standard USB DAC into the onboard USB port. Honestly, it shouldn't be that hard to just include a decent onboard DAC and headphone amp these days though - Sandisk's MP3 players and Allwinner's range of ARM SoCs have even managed to integrate both on the same die as the main CPU no problem.
Often construction entrances need a banksman to help delivery lorries reverse out safely & manage the traffice on the road to make space. That’s not something you can really automate at the moment & in the grand scheme of things not running over unfortunate pedestrians / reversing into things on the road is probably a net economic benefit :)

(Which is not to say that a lot of these jobs decribed up-thread aren’t make-work, but this particular one probably isn’t.)
GDP per capita hasn't changed all that much since the late 90's. I wouldn't call that a recession.
They just love to fuck with them :-)
Ad 4 - country can simply compare the prices of goods they export. If you export iron for 10 times the price of grain, and other country does so for 8 times the grain price - you have comparative advantage in grain and the other country - in iron.
You seem to be well aware of this aspect of the job market; do you have blog or something with more in-depth musings on this topic?

If not, then can you share some tips on how to concisely include a job applicant's open-source contributions in their resume?
This question comes up every time a "X written in Y" is submitted. Some times the language implementation is a novelity, but usually it's just a non-redundant piece of information.

Many people on this site care about the language, so why should we not include it? People who dislike the Y ecosystem are free to ignore it, and people who have been looking for an X implementation save some brain cycles figuring out what it's written in.

Personally I think more articles should include this. I'm always disappointed when a cool-sounding project is written in Node..
With basic income you don't have to live in cities with high cost of living.
Ricardo's model assumes that capital cannot move between countries. That's getting less true every year. And that's not a minor hole either, it completely destroys the argument that uncompetitive countries also benefit.
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Docker ID: alfonso
I hope I'm not too late, I'd like to contribute to the development tools.
Is Docker for Mac going to be open source? why a private beta ?
Thanks!
good. Now, why don't tell us where you will fight, happy bones?!
"To me, the simplest explanation is that trade is always beneficial, because parties only agree to it when they both see advantage."

That's true in an efficient-economic-agent sort of way, but do you really think it's true in the real world? Do you think actors (nations, companies, individuals) don't make errors of judgement?
Pretty misleading title, all open Github projects has that many issues altogether.
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In general, it is much harder to create an AI that can do one's job perfectly than it is to find better ways to make a job obsolete. In a free market economy, if there is a way to make a job obsolete and improve economic productivity, it will be done.

If AI sees freak growth in efficacy, we will have greater things to worry about than the job market.

Open to any counterarguments, although do note that I have hedged my claims by using the terms "in general" and "perfectly". So if you know of a counterexample where it is not true, do let me know.
I've no exposure to Rust but is it accurate to compare it to C++ as offering
a much more reliable, and in many ways, higher level programming platform.

Are there some quick and simple examples of this?
> I don't understand why people need a GUI to edit text.

They don't need it, but GUI can provide nice things consoles can't. For example real autocompletion drop-downs. Or see-through file outline/minimap like the one in sublime text. (https://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Co2awzuaA_s/TqQCZ1wwFLI/AAAAAAAAO...) Or better markers for things like region folds, column positions, matching braces, highlights, etc.
If England was smarter than it is, then it would be richer than it is. Perhaps if they had the smarts to notice they were better off doing heavy industry they would be better off. But, England ought to be trying its very best because individuals are motivated to have as much nice stuff as they can.

Free trade does ensure global optimality. It also ensures a better outcome for every country that participates. It does not ensure that every single person within every country will have got richer. It does ensure that, on average, every citizen of every country will be richer.

Again, only within the comparative advantage model we are discussing.
I can try to explain why HM type inference and unification are related.

If you take just the lambda calculus where you have:

1) Lambdas that bind variables

2) Usages of bound variables

3) Function applications

The inference rules for the first 2 are simple & straight-forward and require no unification.

For 1 (lambdas) - you create a fresh type variable (e.g: 'a') for the parameter type and infer the lambda body (e.g: 'T'), and the lambda's type is then 'a -> T'. While inferring the lambda body, you also pass the information that the parameter bound by the lambda has-type 'a'.

For 2 (variable usage), you just use the known type information that was passed down by the lambda inference.

For 3 (application), you need unification. Function application is between two subexpressions (e.g: 'f' and 'x'). You infer both of these recursively, and get 2 types (e.g: 'fType' and 'xType'). But you also know that 'fType' must look like: 'xType -> resType' because it's being applied to 'x'. You also know that 'resType' is the result of the entire application. So you have to unify 'fType' with 'xType -> resType'.

This is why inference relates to unification: You have 2 sources of information for 'fType' and 'xType' -- the recursive inference AND the fact they're being applied together.

This unification, by the way, is the only way that type information is learned for parameter types. If all parameter types are always specified (as in, e.g: C++) then formally, there's no type inference at all. So what C++ calls "local type inference" is formally just type checking.
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Living wage in Mississippi is $9.95. It is the poorest state in the union, and a former home of mine. You still need plenty of money just to be ok in the US.
Exactly the problem the author is writing about: because of the way the system works - people are striving to make money, not value.
> These days it is all plastic, so he had to go out of his way to get tools and parts the last time they did anything to their home.

The main difference between plumbing and other de-facto standards like the mini jack is that plastic components offer some important advantages over the metallic ones, such as price.

It's only natural that obsolete standards are replaced by newer standards when the newer versions offer important improvements.
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> Would you be interested in something along those lines?

Yes! That would be very cool to read.

I've been working on an implementation of Mini-ML in Python using Robert Small's Hindley-Milner in Python [0] (and also eagerly awaiting the rest of Diehl's series on writing a Haskell).

I understand the fundamentals of the algorithm, but even now I don't think I could yet implement it from scratch. I'd love to read a detailed tutorial.

By the way, those Cornell lecture notes you referenced have also been very helpful to me.

0. http://smallshire.org.uk/sufficientlysmall/2010/04/11/a-hind...
Fun that the first one is also the one with the most -1s
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It's depressing to read all the misguided commentary about Japan in western media. We're talking about one of the world's oldest continuous civilizations, which currently has the longest life expectancy, and one of the lowest crime rates.

Japan will endure, as it has for thousands of years. I'm more worried about where America and Europe are headed. Prosperity is one thing. Greed, corruption, and exploitation are another.

Anyway, in my experience, Japan today is a pleasant place to live. The lack of boom times here has rendered Japan more humble and practical than in the recent past. Most people in Japan ultimately enjoy a middle-class existence that would be the envy of the average American family. There are plenty of people who are struggling here, but Japanese people have endured far worse.

Western commentators will tell us that huge bloc of elders are an impossible burden on Japanese society. I see it differently—those people are a treasure trove of hard-earned experience. We can learn from them, and they're currently doing an excellent job as stewards of this place. They've seen first-hand the folly of chasing America and Europe on their imperialist fancies.

I would rather live in a "poor" Japan than in a "rich" America any day of the week. You can't put a price on peace of mind and the general atmosphere of civility and willingness to come together for a common cause.
On point 2, it's worth noting the Corn Laws in UK, where the poor pushed for international trade in grain, because they wanted cheap bread. The rich owned farms, and wanted high grain prices, so pushed back against free trade.

There is no 'default' distributional effect from free trade, it can go in any direction.