skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>"Of all the myriad way a protien can fold, it happens to find one that induces the same malformation when it interacts with another protein."

It doesn't really "just happen", amyloids consist of peptides folded into beta-sheets and aggregates of these seem to be the most thermodynamically stable structures it is possible for polypeptide chains (regardless of sequence) to form:

"From a wide range of in vitro experiments on peptides and proteins we now know that the formation of amyloid structures is not a rare phenomenon associated with a small number of diseases but rather that it reflects a well-defined structural form of the protein that is an alternative to the native state — a form that may in principle be adopted by many, if not all, polypeptide sequences

[...]

These observations, therefore, have led to the remarkable conclusion that, at the concentrations present in living systems, the native states may not always represent the absolute free energy minima of the corresponding polypeptide chains — the native form of a protein could in some cases simply be a metastable monomeric (or functionally oligomeric) state that is separated from its polymeric amyloid form by high kinetic barriers"
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24854788

Edit:

I realized some people might not be aware of the connection to prions. Here it is from the same wikipedia page as cited by the parent:

"All known prions induce the formation of an amyloid fold, in which the protein polymerises into an aggregate consisting of tightly packed beta sheets."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prion
Essential things to research before a job interview
This is blocked behind a paywall.
Treasury's Lew to announce Hamilton to stay on $10 bill, Tubman on $20
Thanks for the tip! Anki looks like really useful software. Do you put asymptotic complexity of various algorithms and data structures on the flash cards or do you do more than that?
No, if increases in value of landholdings are taxed at a high rate, than landholders have a lot of incentive to invest their surplus revenues in non-land assets whose appreciation is not so highly taxed.
I'm currently taking all my classes online, but through a brick-and-mortar college (I live too far from campus to attend in person, at least for now), and my school doesn't offer anything above Calculus 2 online, with the justification that the material is too tough to learn without direct instruction.

I have no idea how valid that justification is, but I imagine at least some other schools use a similar reasoning.
I know the work of Jared Diamond has some problems, but as a counterpoint:

"While the case for the progressivist view seems overwhelming, it's hard to prove. How do you show that the lives of people 10,000 years ago got better when they abandoned hunting and gathering for farming? Until recently, archaeologists had to resort to indirect tests, whose results (surprisingly) failed to support the progressivist view. Here's one example of an indirect test: Are twentieth century hunter-gatherers really worse off than farmers? Scattered throughout the world, several dozen groups of so-called primitive people, like the Kalahari bushmen, continue to support themselves that way. It turns out that these people have plenty of leisure time, sleep a good deal, and work less hard than their farming neighbors. For instance, the average time devoted each week to obtaining food is only 12 to 19 hours for one group of Bushmen, 14 hours or less for the Hadza nomads of Tanzania...While farmers concentrate on high-carbohydrate crops like rice and potatoes, the mix of wild plants and animals in the diets of surviving hunter-gatherers provides more protein and a bettter balance of other nutrients. In one study, the Bushmen's average daily food intake (during a month when food was plentiful) was 2,140 calories and 93 grams of protein, considerably greater than the recommended daily allowance for people of their size. It's almost inconceivable that Bushmen, who eat 75 or so wild plants, could die of starvation the way hundreds of thousands of Irish farmers and their families did during the potato famine of the 1840s."[1]

Obviously this isn't representative of all hunter-gatherer societies, but a >20 hour work week, high-protein 2000 calorie diet seems pretty nice. Of course there are some other nice benefits of modernity but saying being homeless in the US have a categorically higher quality of life is a stretch.

[1]http://www.ditext.com/diamond/mistake.html
Which may well be the only reason we exist, too.
Just my 2 cents, but how gitlab has constantly improved over all other features, I would really love to see issues get the same treatment. The current issues system is simple, easy to use and works fine but we really didn't find it to be scalable when moving to bigger teams. Labels as a primitive method of categorization is fine, but it very soon becomes unmanageable. Getting to a feature set like JIRA is too much to ask I guess, but a middle ground would really help keep everything in gitlab.
The author is flat out wrong. The Hedonic Treadmill has been disproven. Moreover, the author seems to be conflating the concept of the treadmill, with adaptation. The former denotes the subject returns to the original state. The latter recognizes that while we become accustomed to new things, we still improve in happiness.

The author is also misquoting, or misunderstanding, Kahneman. Kahneman isn't talking at all about the treadmill. He's talking about what he called the "Focusing Illusion"-- a fancy way of saying "the grass is always greener on the other side..."

Relevant links:

"Beyond the Hedonic Treadmill: Revising the Adaptation Theory of Well-Being"
http://www.factorhappiness.at/downloads/quellen/S9_Diener.pd...

Kahneman tried to explain the hedonic treadmill via with his own aspiration treadmill. He claims that he not only failed, but the data were opposite to his hypothesis.

https://www.edge.org/response-detail/10056

Kahneman's paper where that OP misquotes Kahneman from:

http://psiexp.ss.uci.edu/research/teaching/Schkade_Kahneman_...
Stay tuned! It is on our roadmap. If you're interested in the feature, please file a bug on our JIRA: dcosjira.atlassian.net
It was not the first time I viewed it, but it seems to be now, apologies.

There is a non-paywall version available via Google. I tried to link to it here, but it throws the paywall up.
Thank you! I'll definitely want to look into this. Just wondering what's the average rate of return provided by these services.
7 signs you probably shouldn’t start up
But what if you open the door while someone is writing on it? Better to have them write messages on your wall.

... wait. That sounds familiar.
A given company should pay everyone the same. But, ego.
So, you say:

"That's no reason not to work for small improvements; the small improvements add up."

But dismiss the idea of using some sort of heuristic to prioritize said small improvements? Because that's what I got out of this slightly verbose piece: prioritize what will actually make you happy, not what you assume will make you happy. Though, I agree, it's not particularly profound.
I'm equally confused. I wonder if he meant to say 10,000?

My understanding of human history pretty much stops at what we all learned about Egypt in history class, and that time period was ~6,000 years ago IIRC. I have no concept whatsoever of what life was like before then.

Were there even "kings" 10,000 years ago?
I was just about to say the same thing but you beat me to it. :) I think the choice of language is much less important than what you're doing. Even a "non-sexy" (but incredibly important) job like build/deployment engineer writing mostly shell scripts and Python automation could net you a 200k+ income
Here’s How Personalized Emails Helped Turn Our Brand Around
Watchya gonna do about it? Amazon makes merchants an "offer they can't refuse." Fear of Amazon cloning your product (whether physical via Amazon Basics, or virtual via AWS) is not enough reason to avoid selling on Amazon altogether.

If your product is easily cloned by Amazon, and you cannot afford to sell it for less than Amazon, then you do not deserve to have the dominant market position.

A good, sustainable product is more than just marketing and engineering. It must also be defensible, meaning you need to have an advantage in either product-development (patents, expertise, first-mover advantages) or supply-chain (exclusive manufacturing contracts, access to greater economies of scale). It's almost impossible to beat Amazon in the supply-chain economics, unless you have a highly specialized product and deals with the manufacturer, so you are left to compete in product development. Your product needs to be sufficiently innovative and defensible in order to avoid Amazon cloning it.
There used to be - unsure if now - some very specific teams (like 2-3 in the whole company) that had to drive in for very specific issues. Basically if you need to get inside the cage in the datacenter where there are credit card numbers.

Amazon generally has a pretty strong remote work culture - I can even get my ipad onto the VPN and SSH around to get my work done.
This is getting pretty far off topic, but since it's one of my obsessions too, I have to reply. :)

I agree we'll inevitably get to the point where the vast majority of jobs are done cheaper/better by technology (software, robots, etc.). And let's just disregard Artificial Super Intelligence for the moment, which may make this projection moot. So, how does society work when there are legitimately, structurally no jobs for, let's say, 60% of the worldwide adult population?

I think the answer largely depends on how quickly our abundance rises, and a big part of that is energy. I expect/hope we'll one day discover/invent a source of energy that is nearly-free, nearly-infinite, and nearly-zero-maintenance. Now imagine this magic energy cube is relatively cheap to produce and small enough to be transported in the back of a pickup truck, my simple test for its ubiquity.

At that point (free ubiquitous energy + ubiquitous automation), we'll eventually be able to feed, clothe, and house everyone for essentially free – at least at a comfortable albeit minimalistic level. So people don't have to work to survive. Many people would choose to work for the satisfaction it provides and of course the prestige and access to luxury goods. But many people might not want to work – at least not traditional jobs. Assuming virtual reality continues to improve, people might spend their days "working" in World of Warcraft (or its future equivalent) or just enjoying the expanding plethora of entertainment options. Basically, imagine everyone has access to a replicator and lives in a holodeck, to use Star Trek vernacular. Working becomes optional.

I don't know. But I think the situation fundamentally changes when we have the abundance to easily support people who can't find a job or just don't want to work. The big question in my mind is whether we can start moving up the abundance curve before the impending jobs crisis. Throughout history, large numbers of unemployed adults, especially young men, has led to mass upheaval. But if we have sufficient abundance and entertainment, we might break that cycle.
I did some research on the applications of micro optics and found that arrays of micro lenses can enable glasses-free 3D displays [0]. I haven't been able to find any recent articles about this effort, though. Anyone heard any news related to this or any other tech that micro optics enable?

[0] http://www.phonearena.com/news/Hitachi-unveils-4.5-inch-3D-d...
CWD was just found this past deer season in my county, in the Arkansas Ozarks.

They did a harvest of deer in a small area near where CWD had been found (in an Elk, actually) and found a staggering number of the deer were infect, I think it was 36%.

There's virtually no way to get rid of it, apparently.

Anyway, the map is slightly out-of-date.
You Brits are so quaint and civilized. Here in the states we're still debating the legality of hunting humans who wander into a gated subdivision.
I would disagree with your last sentence in particular.
Wangle – an asynchronous C++ networking and RPC library
I don't know how is the situation in GS but in Europe many investment banks are under serious trouble, even if we exclude the effects of periphericals debt crisis. Turnover in primary markets has stagnated due to excess credit capacity and a (structural) small number of companies wanting to go public. On secondary markets, trading in equities and bonds has reached a plateau ages ago with liquidity seeming more and more artificial and regulations decreasing risk taking massively. Costs are also increasing due to regulation (huge in Europe) and necessary change in outdated technology. Asset management starting to feel the heat from indexing and ETFs... Fintech is not there yet but at some point it will cause massive disruption because margins are going to be way way lower. It sure looks like a death by a thousand cuts... CLSA analyst Mike Mayo has nailed it perfectly not only for GS but for the industry as a whole: “You danced pretty well the last three to four years without revenue growth. But it seems like you’re getting to the end of what you can do.”
UBI, by definition, is an fixed, unconditional, income. If it's need-tested (such as scaling by a formula taking into account local cost of living) it's not a UBI, it's a conditional, needs-treated welfare program. UBI is specifically intended to dodge bureaucratic overhead by avoiding means-, needs-, and behavior-testing common in existing welfare programs.

So the "alternative" you propose is actually what a UBI is by definition.
I can only report on the reality of my own setup. I have a 2011 era 13 inch MacBook Pro with a 500GB Samsung SSD 840 SSD. When I upgraded to 16GB two years ago, I immediately noticed that my wake/sleep times went from a few seconds to more like 30 to 40 seconds.

Now I did do the RAM and SSD upgrades at the same time. I went from 8GB of RAM and a 250GB SSD.

I remember spending some time trying to figure out why wake/sleep times where so hugely increased. I could never pin it down exactly, but I strongly suspect it was related to the RAM increase.
Being paid in equity is just plain annoying. It makes your taxes far more complex and, at least at Google) unless you set up an autosale program a year in advance, your money is tied up in company stock until the next trading window.

The taxes on equity are a huge PITA when equity is a large fraction of your salary. This is because they withhold at only 25%, even if your tax bracket is higher. This means you have to file quarterly estimated tax payments or over-withhold from your salary.

I much prefer Netflix, where I just get salary. I might even be able to do my own taxes again!
Healthcare costs were already high in 2008. Setting aside the issue of how much impact the ACA had, the period following the passage of the ACA saw lower price increases than the period before. Last year prices increased at a higher rate again.

I think it's not true that the ACA caused that reduction (the recession is probably a much bigger factor), but it also didn't cause prices to increase faster than they were prior to the ACA.
Until I uninstalled Inbox about 3 months ago on my Android phone it didn't have any features like Bold, Italics, Quote or bullet lists I expect to be able to use when writing any useful email to clients.

If Inbox seeks to be an email client it desperately needs these features. Back to Gmail app for me.
Как привязать Payza к Trafficmonsoon если
Large Hadron Collider can be 'world's biggest rain meter'
This is a little disingenuous - that schedule only applies to the RSUs granted at offer sign time. Yearly stock compensation vests over a 2-year period 50/50.
> Considering the Panama Papers etc. it's ridiculous

On the contrary, it's absolutely coherent. They enact policies to favour their own class, which is the class of people owning accounts in Panama and lots of real-estate.

What is ridiculous is the amount of people who do not belong to such class (and likely never will, regardless of ambitions) and still vote for them over and over.
satire is alive and well in the brand design world.
That seems like an interesting viewpoint.

I don't think ego is really the only thing that drives pay distinction. I think that many people consider that different individuals contribute differently and that those who contribute more value should get more pay. Isn't that realization independent of ego?
daily mail version of the story: http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-3549402/Fresh-eviden...
Prions: Killer Zombies

"You Can't Kill What's Not Alive: Prions cannot be destroyed by boiling, alcohol, acid, standard autoclaving methods, or radiation. In fact, infected brains that have been sitting in formaldehyde for decades can still transmit spongiform disease. Cooking your burger until it is well done will not destroy the prions!"
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/molecules/prions/

"Eating human brains helped Papua New Guinea tribe resist disease, research shows."
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jun/10/brains-helpe...

Original name for the prions was "trembling in fear" - or Kuru:
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuru_(disease)
I don't know why would you say that, but that was pretty much a win for Google and not a defeat:

http://www.theverge.com/2014/11/5/7160587/german-publisher-a...
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-google-axel-sprngr-idUSKBN...

If you have any evidence that Google is paying that "tax", please show it.
I'm painfully aware :)
...and many viruses can't survive outside a host. Their structure can break apart. IIRC HIV is like that.
This is a sweeping generalization without even anecdotal evidence to substantiate it, and sounds downright vindictive.
A List of Time Tracking Softwares with Reviews and Pricing
Great article - presumably you work quite closely to this sort of data?

After a very brief view it seems that the lowest house prices have/are falling and the higher ones are rising (I'm pretty sure you mentioned that somewhere there), is that what stands out the most in your observations of the data?

I'll get to read it properly later ...

Also, one typo: "for pointing these out the existence of these.".
You've got to get over the idea that there is some sort of fair level at which all these problems should be talked about.

For one thing, unless you've done some rigorous surveying of the total communications landscape, your perception of how seriously everyone is taking these imbalances is going to be limited by what you happen to see (intentional or accidental filtering), and what you remember (confirmation bias).

For another thing, the solutions are not mutually dependent--some people can try to get more women into STEM jobs without hurting the efforts of other people who are trying to get more men into nursing jobs. We don't need to achieve some fair and balanced level of discourse before we start actually fixing things.

Finally, imbalances are not themselves a problem, they are a symptom. In STEM jobs, the big problem is not there are too few women, it is that the culture of many places is abusive and off-putting to women. That's what needs to be solved. Gender imbalance is just a proxy that's easier to measure.
> They wouldn't do this with a new Honda I imagine

I worked in an advanced vehicle design skunkworks at GM Design Staff in the late 1980's (a time when the quality of Japanese cars was a top threat to US car makers). While there I had access to a wide range of top of the line Japanese-domestic-market-only vehicles imported into the US specifically for teardowns just like this, frequently before Japanese buyers could obtain them locally domestically. In those days, it wasn't electric power plants that were the issue, it was (among other things) the density and efficiency and downright beauty with which the engine compartment contents were packed. I still remember standing around an open engine with a bunch of hotshot car guys, all of us in awe at the look of the engine compartment in front of us. There was nothing on the US market packed anywhere near as tightly, yet everything was completely accessible and downright beautiful. In hindsight I strongly suspect this was a sign they started using CAD packing tools long before we did (laser scanning of hand-sculpted car designs was still a few years away in the US, to say nothing of actual CAD-first designs). If the packing was done by hand (as it might well have been) I've genuinely no idea how they managed the complexity of that design task. Sometimes you need to see that someone has completely outclassed you in order to break free and take your own thinking to the next level. So yes, when there are Japanese or German or any other cars that stand out as major design advances, you can be sure Ford and GM and all the other major manufacturers have them in review and teardown the day they start coming off the assembly line.
As I'm sure you know, .apk files can be downloaded using a computer without Google Play Services being on the phone.

https://www.androidpit.com/how-to-download-apk-file-from-goo...
Apply HN: CaptionMagic – Create Professional Looking Captions on Photos with AI
It’s difficult to to create good looking color captions on photos that are always clearly readable and harmonious with the photo. CaptionMagic uses AI to automatically finds the best color, position and size for your caption on the photo and then allows you to customize it. It also ensures captions are readable by folks with all major forms of color blindness.

Here are a few examples: https://www.instagram.com/captionmagic/

Here’s a quick demo of the app, please share your comments on the video in HN and how you think I can improve it (on a budget):
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h4VTpccuWq4

If you have an iPhone 6 or 5 you can download the app for free and try it out for yourself. Note, it’s fun to add a caption in the app’s camera and see it update dynamically: https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/captionmagic-finds-best-caption/id1002961335 or search “CaptionMagic” one word. Please share your experience.

Over 2 billion photos are shared everyday from smartphones and this is a great way to enhance and share those moments. It’s integrated with iMessage, Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Whatsapp, Pinterest and also useful for creating captioned photos for slides, blog posts, memes (e.g. imgur) and small business ads. My business model is to give the app away to consumers for free and license the technology to companies who would like to integrate the tech into their apps.

I have filed a fairly extensive patent application on it. I’ve been working on this app (and its SDK) for 18 months full-time by myself, bootstrapping because I believe in and am truly passionate about mainstreaming this new technology.

I still need to spend time and focus on marketing. Please comment with any help or suggestions you have on any of these areas.

You can read more about my past startup experiences at: https://www.linkedin.com/in/hamiltonhitchings

Thanks.

Hamilton
It also depends on what part of the country you're looking at. If you're in the SF Bay Area 150k+ within range of entry level jobs for software grads. If you're in the Midwest or East Coast (not finance) 150k+ could mean a decade of experience.
Not true - they just lived through the interview process. I remember working with a former Google engineer at a startup who flat out told me that I was a better engineer than him.

It's harder to see who will be amongst the best engineers early on in someone's career. Each person develops their abilities at different speeds & times in their lives.