skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> What is malware? Is it a program that does something a user doesn't want?

OS X Sandboxing seems to have the right idea: Instead of worrying about what the user doesn't want, do only what the user WANTS.

Basically, sandboxed apps don't have access to files and folders other than the ones that the user explicitly chooses in an Open/Save dialog. It's a surprisingly nag-free opt-in mechanism that "just works."

After that, automatic backups will let users revert any undesirable changes to their data, whether they were made by their own selves or by malware.

I think operating systems should just do a better job of making the user more aware of all recently-modified files, especially if a process has been modifying a large number of them in a short time (the recent ransomware comes to mind) or if a third-party background process has been generating an uncanny amount of network traffic.

Seeing something like "1,590 files modified" on log-on or in a notification, is way more alarming and would make users take immediate action, compared to all the usual OS or antivirus nags that we are all accustomed to subconsciously agreeing to.
Scaling DOT to Scala – Soundness
That's the beauty of it. Take the keystrokes example you gave. Run it. Allow it to monitor your keystrokes (by clicking "Allow" when it's doing stuff related to that). Allow it to create the file logging your keystrokes, if you want (granting it write only access when the dialog box comes up). But after you have toyed with it, you might stop it at the point when it attempts to read from that file, in order to transmit it over the internet, or whatever it's going to do with it.

Same with the screenshots. You'd allow it to do whatever you feel like, but you might stop it when it tries to actually create the screenshot file, but allow it to do everything else in order to monitor its behavior. And since it's all in real time, with dialog boxes coming up for each of its actions, it makes it quite interesting to do so.
The one thing that prevents them from entering customer market in every day use is that magnets can affect many things.

Simple example - I had cover for my phone with a magnet closure. It wasnt affecting my phone in any way, but few times I put parking card next to it and it wiped out all the information from it forcing me to chasing parking office to get it re-printed.
I would NOT trust a counterfeit charger over an Apple one.

Did you miss the bit of the article where they describe design shortcomings that could burn your house down? Magsafe connectors are not inherently protected against short circuits, making them a particularly dangerous charger to buy a counterfeit of.

Not to excuse Apple of their own design shortcomings (cable fraying issues are pretty much par for the course, which is unacceptable, barring an interchangeable cable, IMO), but counterfeit chargers are not a safe alternative.
> To be honest 95% of large corporate software development doesn't require a computer science degree. They are usually one form of another of CRUD application.

And that's exactly the sort of work which will eventually be easily automated away. The only real reason that it still uses people even now is that someone needs to select the refactoring menu items in a Java IDE. A smart company will use a better language, and have six developers delivering the impact of hundreds of IDE monkeys.
Show HN: Owlorbit – Share your location/msg with friends and family in real-time
I've just started the book this guy wrote. It's really good so far and is very readable. It's not like the epic and unreadable Picketty.

Note that he is saying that the growth were getting will be the same as levels from 1820 to 1870, just not the same as it was from 1870 to 1970.

The book is worth reading because he has loads of data, not just Internet comment opinions about how things are going. Even if he is wrong and productivity shoots up again he's shown fairly strongly that between 1970 and 2016 growth has slowed.

The consequences are pretty serious for the welfare state. Either benefits cannot continue to grow or taxation must increase.
The scary thing is that even Amazon has had their procurement team fall prey to either grey market and sometimes just straight up counterfeit chips. If you're buying accessories that are going in hot (e.g. HDMI components that can blow an entire chip out, even on well designed name brand Panasonics[1], buy it from the original vendor. Otherwise it's a coin flip, because some of them don't even respect the simplest ESD shipping policies[2].) My Dell power supply was supposed to be a "Dell" that I got from Amazon (via a 3rd party vendor) and I'm 95% percent sure it was constructed by that same Apple imitating vendor. (The board layout was identical, the lack of solder mask, the brands of the caps were the same, etc.)

One day it got really hot and stopped driving power to my laptop. I borrowed my buddies charger (first party) and that wouldn't work either. I cracked the thing open and saw the output filter caps had vented, and on the board there was a space for an additional cap which was unpopulated. They wanted to save 30 cents, and I ended up spending about a dozen hours and about a hundred dollars on diagnostics, part replacement, ensuring that nothing else was compromised, etc. Now I'll happily give Dell or any laptop vendor my money - let them keep their monopoly. I won't buy their overpriced RAM upgrades or SSDs (there's lots of aftermarket competition where I can get better products for the same price in that arena) but when it comes to clean power, nope. Going first party every time.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qIKTbYYS6is
[2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZlc6tiL1gk
Damn auto correct! But conciseness is huge factor in success. Very few unconscious people achieve much of anything.
I don't know the reason why, but somewhere around 12 or 18 months ago Greenspun became absolutely obsessed with child support payment law. It's pretty creepy and has really soured what is otherwise an interesting (if sometimes controversial) blog.

The obvious guess is that he's on the hook for child support payments of some kind and isn't happy about it. That doesn't seem to be the case though.

EDIT: Oh wait, perhaps it is the obvious reason. https://casetext.com/case/greenspun-v-greenspun-3
Amazon do seem pretty tolerant of people selling fakes. I imagine it's because it's easier to ignore than do something about but it probably hurts their brand.
I find this work interesting not just for Scala, but for all languages that are attempting to fuse OOP, FP, and static typing. And at the moment, that seems to be a lot of languages, especially if you count the efforts to bring gradual typing to traditionally dynamic languages.
The early 2000s were a horrorshow as far as capacitors were concerned.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague
The patent doc linked elsewhere in the thread talks about two coils with opposite fields being used at the same time; only took a cursory glance though.
Citizenship sale
btw the API is SSL-only =], the landing page is just a static page hosted on s3
I was going through 1-2 chargers per year between 2013 and 2015. In December I said enough was enough and decided to take a stab at designing a more durable one. If there's any interest I can write up a post on it. I have a Frankenstein version that I use daily, and I even looked into DIY kits for making the chargers more durable but it was cost prohibitive.
Apple's MagSafe chargers are absolutely fantastic from an electrical engineering standpoint, where they tend to fall flat is on the cables/connectors.

One of the things that has extended the life of my chargers is to be careful when wrapping the wire around the two ears, leave a good bit of slack so that you don't over tighten the charger wire.

This alone has solved most of my issues with my Apple MagSafe Chargers, and I have one that I've had since 2007 that is still in full working condition.
I'm most interested in presentation on the travel blog I'm working on (getting the most recent location onto a Google Map) and generating a track of where I've been - I thought it'd be fun to be able to plot the major waypoints on a globe.

I'm not really interested in every single movement - eg going out to get ice cream - but more moves between cities, towns etc... I guess if it's sending all the events to a server I can work that out for myself somehow...

What are you planning to use the data for?
Haha, the thing that blows my mind is if those are real Rubycons, that's kind of like selling a "7 series" BMW encased in a real C-series Mercedes enclosure.
The tempo of Google + iPhone would be ~7 years.

We're due for another one!
I don't see how these are related?
Yes. And your genetics is the most important circumstance you're born into to. If only we could seize the high IQ alleles and distribute them to the proletariat!
You're missing the point. Nothing is preventing free software from running on hardware that contains a hardware key just like the iPhone.
If you want setting up and maintaining servers to feel more like writing and refactoring a codebase, wrote a step-by-step tutorial that you are probably interested in. It is over at
https://amfarrell.com/saltstack-from-scratch
And the git repo with a branch and tests for the start & end of each step is at https://github.com/amfarrell/saltstack-from-scratch/

It walks you through setting up local VMs, writing configuration files, writing integration tests for those configuration files, and deploying to DigitalOcean. At the end you have a mental model of how configuration management works that you can apply generally. You also have a django site running behind nginx on top of a Postgres database.
People often misattribute this patent attack as on Android. What they don't realise is that most of patents involved are simply Linux or general computing patents. In other words, whether you love or hate Android or Google, is irrelevant. This is an exact example of a generic attack on a computing system through use of sketchy, over broad, under substantiated patents. MS happened to deploy it against Android because Android was the competitor of the day, but they can and will deploy it as suits their business interests against any technology or company out there.
I'd think the absolute numbers of successful startups and startups in general would be far more important to YC.
Thanks for the link. Do you happen to know what the behaviour is when there's no network connection? I'm going to be going to a lot of countries, and I doubt I'll have a SIM card everywhere (plus I'll be off-the-grid hiking and exploring a bunch).
I agree but for things like TV shows they need a lot more than one mention right at the top. Many budgets are a couple million dollars for an hour of TV.
I would say Koreans are on supercomputer AI level in this game.
I think we all have. Many consumer products are far cheaper than they used to be for one thing. A computer workstation in 1990 was $10,000. Today one with far more computing power is under $1,000.

A "family" color television in 1975 was similar to what they cost today ($500 - $1,000) but that's not adjusted for inflation, and the same money today will get one that's over twice the screen size, is far more reliable and has a far better picture. In constant dollars today's far better product costs over 75% less.
You've accurately described the thirty pieces of silver for which you're willing to sell your privacy.
Sadly Apple can prevent non-Apple peripherals from being sold most places in the world. So we are stuck with their properietary lightning cables and chargers. Which are expensive, have a limited number of designs and are often of questionable quality (i.e. the white rubber insulation starts turning brown and peeling off after about 6 months use).

Sure Chinese knockoffs bought by tourists in shady areas of Shenzhen or Hong Kong are not good either but the point is that Apple's monopoly/non-standard policies keeps a mature market from emerging.
Magsafe connectors aren't inherently safe - all the contacts are exposed, creating a short-circuit and fire risk. Apple solves this by only supplying power when the cable is plugged into a laptop. Counterfeit adapters don't bother with the additional safety circuitry.

If you were to poke the MagSafe end of a counterfeit charger into a wad of steel wool, you'd have a lot of sparks, and a good demonstration of why they're dangerous.

As for why counterfeits exist... basic economics. Third party Magsafe adapters don't exist, due to Apple's legal stranglehold on the concept of a magnetically attached electrical cable. In a field void of competition, unscrupulous electronics manufacturers see a huge upside, and here you see the result.
Wow, I can't believe Apple still has a fray problem. I remember my OS 9 G3 Powerbook went through 3 or 4 chargers. Don't risk buying from a 3rd party vendor (read my post below). The best you're going to be able to do is to get thick gauge, heat-shrink wrap tubing and use your wife's hair dryer if you don't have a hot air gun. I've used this brand[1] before with success.

[1] http://www.amazon.com/Anytime-Tools-Shrink-Sleeve-Assorted/d...
Thanks, Where Have I Been looks really interesting. It might be better, even, since I just want a record of my location to process after the fact.
I asked the same question on youtube: how is that different from fridge magnets whose Halbach arrays are printed directly too.
This has been postested 3 times. From the FAQ:

> Are reposts ok?

> If a story has had significant attention in the last year or so, we kill reposts as duplicates. If not, a small number of reposts is ok.

> Please don't delete and repost the same story, though. Accounts that do that eventually lose submission privileges.

Looking at the public available data of the 3 submitters, they look like real independent user (not sockpuppets or something).
I ask why 100 is right or wrong because, in the face of 999, it's difficult to see why it's correct. And yet you think that the exponentiation of three 9's is correct in the face of the tetration of three 9's. The latter is astronomically larger than 999 is to 100, meaning that 100 is not as bad of an answer.

In the face of this, do you still wish to make, in good faith, the point that exponentiation of 9's is correct by virtue of typographic implicitness because textual answers have more than one answer? And because exponentiation (and tetration) is just sooo visually implicit it should count as "only digits"? Let's be clear that they brought in a lawyer to argue from the basis of typography.

And your last question seeks to clarify the typography of tetration. Maybe I shouldn't have said reverse. It's more like the typographic mirror, except the 9's aren't reversed (I'm afraid you're the miserly and uncharitable kind of debater, so I had to clarify that last bit about the 9's).

It's disappointing to me that even though you opened the door to discussion of how I am narrow-minded, that you are so evasive and defensive when I turn the question back, suggesting, how dare I, when I have run afoul by assuming that the young girl exercised typographic thinking?
That's an interesting idea. I'd support an ad blocker which took a certain set amount of money per month and divvied it up amongst the sites whose ads it blocked. Heck, I'd probably throw $50/month into it.
That's helpful. Thanks.
That doesn't solve any problems.
It's that the stuff is usually on marxists.org
An Apology from a Dad to His Daughter, on Behalf of Fathers Everywhere
From your link: "85-95 percent of farm household income has come from off-farm sources" which only reiterates how small farm incomes can be, despite the huge amount of capital required to do it.

If you have another job then you can possibly have both the income and wealth, but that is not exactly a guarantee for everyone. To add to that, while things may not be so bad right now, your link also shows periods where total farm household income was considerably less than the general population. 'Land rich, cash poor' is very much a thing.
Pigeons were used to carry important military messages during war up until 1957.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_pigeon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army_Pigeon_Serv...
This is really exciting. I've been hoping for a robust, distributed open source Graph database ever since I first played with Freebase (which clearly had some amazing secret sauce, long-since purchased by Google). The engineer behind DGraph has worked on Google Knowledge Graph, the spiritual successor to Freebase, and obviously understands the space incredibly well: https://twitter.com/manishrjain
Job Control on Unix Systems
We are 4 cofounders, 3 of us are brothers and the fourth one is my wife. We were accepted to W16 without any problem, they did not even questioned us about this. I believe that there has been several other husband - wife teams.
The issue of positive predictive value versus specificity comes up almost every day in my work as a pathologist. There is widespread misunderstanding, and in my own anecdotal experience, it very frequently results in unnecessary lab testing and misinterpretation of test results by clinicians.

When I was a pre-med student, for some reason the prerequisites required a year of calculus. That succeeded in weeding out people who can't make an A in freshman calculus, but I'm not sure what else it accomplished. Calculus has little to do with the daily practice of medicine, unless you're a radiation oncologist or doing some hardcore research.

A year of statistics would have served me and my patients much better. That goes double, given the current firehose of data that is part and parcel of the personalized medicine revolution.
Thanks brudgers, all great commentary you'll hear no argument from me.

The landing page was the starting point to get the ball rolling. We've had signups and I've been conducting customer interviews and surveys since its been up to deepen my understanding of the core problems.

I definitely could have jumped ahead and launched an MVP with the landing page but some of my conversations thus far have already impacted what we plan to launch with.

Hopefully the landing page wasn't too off putting that you might consider checking back in on our progress. I'll be sure to share with HN as we release the prototype and mvp.
The strange p.txt name clearly indicates this was not designed for use as a public API. Whether they care if you use it is a different issue. My last project is still paying Amazon for each image conversion (Please don't say I should have used imagemagick, I had my reasons.)
We're still stuck in that in-between zone where legacy businesses from the last century are in the fight for their lives while everyone with half a sense can see the future is digital distribution.

This struggle is a generational one. Older people are used to their TVs, radios and newspapers and seem as a group unwilling to transition. Institutions on the wrong side of this fight like cable companies and cable TV stations, radio stations, movie theaters, local news TV networks and local newspapers haven't made it easy for them. Younger people on the other hand don't even bother.

And that's how you can see the writing on the wall for these obviously legacy businesses. By being unwilling to fully commit to the future, because they'll make less money, they'll upset existing relationships, they'll die. Blockbuster died a quick death. The transition from video rentals to online video was sudden and quick, because Blockbuster didn't control the content and couldn't lock in viewers. This kind of end will come for all these other places too though as younger generations have different expectations. They want their content on demand, and they want it on any of their devices and they want it without having to subscribe to expensive bundles of junk they'll never consume.

The problem for how to provide the same high quality local content that these legacy businesses can sometimes provide is a real problem that hasn't been addressed yet. AOL's patch was a very innovative and high quality way but it lacked adoption and was unsuccessful. I think we may have to see the old guards die and endure a short period without high quality local content before it can rise again.
Non-nullable types for TypeScript
If the public pays for NPR, why doesn't the public own the output? ie, why no Creative Commons licensing? Plenty of stuff on the internet is free; NPR is not free, we ALREADY paid for it.

I would appreciate comments about the Creative Commons aspect of this, not quibbles about line items in the budget.
I thought that everybody was on the "spectrum". So what does it mean to say the average lives 18 fewer years? Isn't that like saying that people on the skin color spectrum live 18 fewer years?
Don't run Windows, and don't run Javascript.
This is yet another millennial trying to skirt earning their keep.
You're being quite uncharitable to me by accusing me of foul or insincere behavior, though I've suggested nothing of that from you, and have responded robustly to your points. At the very least you could assume that we've failed to understand each other, but you instead assume a "willful" dishonesty.

I discussed self-efficacy. I discussed discretionary awards for creativity. I also discussed the problem from the young girl and her father's frame of discussion -- the frame of typography. You've not reciprocated with robust response. The pedantry is a point I'm making -- it's pedantry conforming to the pedantic frame they brought up. Tetration is no more the right answer than exponentiation. 999 is the right answer. The Common Core is good here.

If you're talking about how the school can skillfully avoid lawyers, then yes, that's the one point I've missed. The school can have all sorts of strategies to skillfully avoid lawyers. If that's the case, for anything which might summon a lawyer, do a cost-benefit analysis and form a school risk-averse policy. Is that the point you wanted to make?

If anyone brings a lawyer in to school, admit fault right away, and then go on teaching the same way, because 99.99% of children are going through the lesson just fine. Blogpost and HN moment successfully averted.
One of the issues to overcome is the advantage machines can have in individual unit manipulations vs what a human can do in terms of APM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZawUuAccnc
I submitted this a year ago, and it didn't gain any attention.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10024235
https://lornareiko.wordpress.com/2009/10/08/identical-twins-...

http://articles.philly.com/1990-11-04/news/25926164_1_identi...
yes, mods (e.g. dang) please check and fix the title.
I think I've felt under-employed at every job I've ever held in my life. Since I feel like I can build and run a company, any job less than CEO is under-employment to me. But since I'm too much of a maverick and iconoclast to play the political games and shit required to "advance up the ranks", I'll never become CEO of an existing company.

That is one big reason I founded Fogbeam Labs. I mean, here are other reasons; but one thing that appeals to me about starting a company is to have the opportunity to be The Person calling the shots. With this, I get to decide pretty much everything: tech decisions, marketing, pricing, sales, strategy, the whole kit and caboodle. If we fail, then I will bear the responsibility, but that's OK. At least, if that happens, I'll know there isn't anybody else to blame.
Under "Manufacturer" it lists "Apple Computer," a lie made doubly hilarious by the fact that Apple changed its name from Apple Computer in 2007 [1].

[1] http://www.macworld.com/article/1054770/applename.html