skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There's an awful lot of value in a particular book-as-object that you lose in a copy, especially in pre-Gutenburg manuscripts:

- What script was it written in?

- How was it bound?

- What shape and size is it?

- Huge roomy margins or small tiny margins?

- Is it actually a palimpsest with another text underneath?

- Who owned it?

- How old is it?

And so on. If someone just writes down the text and burns the book, you've preserved the text but thrown away an awful lot about the people that produced and used the book.

A 3D scan might preserve 100% of aspect A, but 0% of aspect B, in which case it's exactly as bad as no scan if what you care about is aspect B.
Humanity's cultural history
Actually, shareholders should be the first ones to make sure the company plays by the rules. Creative accountancy has led to very nasty outcomes in the past - I wouldn't like my accountants to be too creative with my taxes.
Yes. Check out MISRA:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_Industry_Software_Reliab...
> It's easy to assume from the distance of many miles and a computer screen that every single situation can be addressed safely and easily by a soft word or three.

It's easy to assume for me because I've seen the vast amounts of work currently happening around "behaviour seen as challenging" in people with mental illness or learning disability[1] or brain injury.

Here shooting people is absolutely not possible in the vast majority of cases of behaviour seen as challenging. Tasering people is also absolutely not acceptable.

Rapid tranquillisation is common, but not acceptable because of the amount of restraint needed immediately prior to the injection.

Various methods of restraint are common, but are not acceptable because of the risk of injury or death.

A lot of money is being spent on better training on de-escalation, diversion, prevention, etc.

It's fucking baffling to me that people think it's okay to kill someone in distress just because the people doing the shooting are so lacking in skills that they have no other option. To me it's clearly a failure of everyone involved (and the departments they work for).

In your example with the chain: you seem to think this is a situation where a violent response is undeniably the right thing. I see that and I think how fucking clueless the woman was, and how fucking clueless the people who shot the man were. There are plenty of Youtube videos comparing UK and US police responses to these situations.

[1] UK definition.
China Surpasses Japan to Become World’s 2nd Richest Nation
You're making an assumption that doesn't follow from my comment.

Did I suggest we abolish property rights? I merely asked a question about how property rights relate to coercion. The solution may be to keep property rights, but to understand their place in society. I just want to stimulate that conversation.

We act as if property rights are absolute, but perhaps they should not be used to keep a hungry person from food, or a homeless person from shelter? Perhaps intellectual property rights shouldn't be used to keep a person from repairing their tractor? We're already having a discussion in the US about whether or not people should be able to access health care without exchanging their property to get it. Is it so radical to ask the question about food, shelter, and (inherently not scarce) digital goods?
Because "real words" kind of add an extra level of redundancy for the meaning.

Like Apple pie on a menu is way more convenient than a random number and then the description of the ingredient.

I don't think it aims at changing all URI.

It seems to be a way to obfuscate the address space in order to prevent attack by "educated guess". like if your UID is a monotonical growing number you can access another account by checking your predecessor.

httpS://mi6.gov.uk/007/my_profile

Don't laugh I actually have been ordered to build quite a few website with flaws like this against my advice where you could access others' profile's information to keep my job.

It seems to me a wrong technical answer to an education problem.

Using whatever kind of hash you want to give the attacker a 1/2^(whatever_big_power) protecting yourself from brute force attack to access a hidden (non authed) resource does not beat making sure people access information with the right credentials.

It clearly is a "statistical way" to remove the need for authentication if the "hash" is given by another channel.

Because statefull connections (https + auth + cookie + redirect) are expensive. (REST with auth is basically statefull).

It is a statistical bet relaying on the premise that your random number generator is not predictable, hence ... not testable :) Which is crazy.

Application: you are given a token (aka a random number or a hash) by a server and you use this normalized token to reference access to resources (either in input or output). It is not SciFi, it is in the rationale of the abstract.

Hash function outputs can be used [..] to a specific resource or to make URIs hard to guess for security reasons.

And with a hash big enough, you don't have to care about the risk of your session to be used... or maybe you should care.

It looks like something an Oauth2.0 fan boy could have come with.
Floating Market of Can Tho (Vietnam) – Chợ Nổi Cái Răng (Cần Thơ)
+1: I like the layout and usability and hope it does well.

-1: I worry it fundamentally misunderstands why we're inundated with bad stories in some aggregators (especially political news). But I'm glad someone took a shot, and I don't think there's an quick and easy solution.

If the problem was just clickbait and spam, then I think this site would work well. The trouble isn't with marketers and sites though, it's with us.

Consider cognitive biases like the hostile media effect: https://www.pressrise.org/comments/trump-cites-story-of-gene...

Even if you have a carefully calibrated stream of neutral/moderate sources, most people will still perceive that stream as biased. If you give them tools to do so, they will fight to correct that imagined bias. The system is in an unstable equilibrium. So as soon as one side gets the edge, bias will rush that direction as the opponents flee, and the remaining more extreme positions pull the stream ever further one direction.

If that's the case, then an implementation to correct for this needs constant education about avoiding cognitive biases. Reminders like so: http://lesswrong.com/lw/gw/politics_is_the_mindkiller/ (Note: knowing some of the controversies with the LW crowd, I'm not convinced "thinking about cognitive bias" is really sufficient.)

Maybe I'm wrong though and this site will rise beyond these challenges. I hope someone does. Good luck!
“Apple Letter on iPhone Security”What it means for consumer data privacy
Don't forget that any TED speaker must master some inspiration-y hand gesture to look like a visionary in the still photo preview.
I suffer from deep bouts of depression. Lately I've had to go back and forth with myself about going to the hospital when things get bad, but now I'm just scared even more. I was afraid that not going to the ER would kill me, but now... it's like fuck, who will help you? When you have a mental health emergency, the police will shoot you, fellow citizens will ignore you, the hospital may or may not treat you, and now they might even kill you. With mental health, it's so important for the patient to feel safe, and if a hospital isn't safe then, well, I dunno. Humans are always making other humans suffer needlessly, it's awful.
Because that defeats the entire purpose of naming things. Sure, the way we name stuff isn't perfect. But it's way better than the alternative of giving it random names. They'll be unmemorable, ungoogleable, difficult to map mentally to concepts, etc.
Canadian customs installed spyware app on my iPhone?
Or am I being paranoid?

Does anyone know what this app is? Here's a picture: https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B3IdETDqOKVtVzNXWnVubXpmY1E/view?usp=sharing

Because here's what I know:

1) I'm a US citizen who was detained by customs for not having a work visa to enter Canada for meetings with a client.

2) They told me they had "blah blah" every right to search my shit, then took my iPhone and went into a backroom.

3) On the plane, before landing, I went through my Apps > Storage and deleted a bunch of apps I was no longer using. I mention this because this list was fresh in my mind.

4) When my phone was returned to me, while waiting, I checked my apps list and found the mysterious app (linked to above) installed in my list!!! What the hell, it wasn't there before. Never seen it before. And it has no name? Nor does it show up anywhere in my home screen.

5) I took this picture and then deleted the app.

6) Woah, wait a second, checked my list again. THE APP IS STILL THERE. I delete it again. And again it won't delete!!!

7) Before I leave (without my passport), I ask the agent what is this app she installed on my phone?? She denies anything, saying she couldn't install anything without my iCloud passport (weirdly specific).

So what the hell? I'm at my friends place, and I've completely wiped my iPhone (it's gone). I'm writing this up wondering what the hell this app was, and more importantly, if Apple has given governments a backdoor ability to instal apps?

Or maybe it's nothing? Any thoughts are appreciated.
I think you should. I had a similar experience with Feynman. Who spoke with assuming a certain level of familarity but with an engaging style that let your brain skip right over what it didn't really understand. Re-reading his lectures on physics and the papers on computation, post college, was a much deeper experience than reading him in High School. Even though I enjoyed both times tremendously.
Some really good stuff to be found here. I recently listened to What I Believe by Leo Tolstoy, read by David Barnes (https://librivox.org/what-i-believe-by-leo-tolstoy), and both the reader and the recording was as good, if not better, than any audiobook I get from Audible. But it does vary. They also have a very nice iOS app.
We're probably better off spelling "referrer" correctly except in packet traces or HTTP protocol implementations.
> The injunction against citing DOI-less documents is unfortunate, because people deserve to get credit for the interesting things they say–and it turns out that they have, on rare occasion, been known to say interesting things in formats other than the traditional peer-reviewed journal article.

Ain't that the truth. There's a paper that came out a few years ago which said that new method B is 3x faster than old method A. That's well and good. But there were two widely-used free software projects which had done the same thing, blogged about it, and for one case had the old code still available as a #define option. While the published article was based on a proprietary in-house package.

I pointed the two previous reports to one of the authors, who had heard of one, but because it wasn't an academic paper, it wasn't worth citing. Grr! Because free software developers really have the time and money to write a paper for the $1,000 per pop open access journal in the field.

I've been reading old literature, from the 1980s and older. There used to be a "Letters to the Editor" section, which was sometimes used to point out or correct these sorts of issues. No more. That same open access journal says my only options are to write a comment on their comments section (which unlike an old Letter to the Editor, no one reads, which is not indexed, and is not citable), or submit an entirely new article, at $1,000.

The other thing a requirement for a DOI does it prevent citing the older literature, which doesn't always have a DOI.

> [Quoting Neuron's author guidelines] "References should include only articles that are published or in press. For references to in press articles, please confirm with the cited journal that the article is in fact accepted and in press and include a DOI number and online publication date. Unpublished data, submitted manuscripts, abstracts, and personal communications should be cited within the text only."

This would make certain publications impossible. For example, in my historical research, I tracked down the paper "Ciphering Structural Formulas – the Zatopleg System", Zator Technical Bulletin No. 59 (1951). This was cited by many chemical information papers in the 1950s and 1960s, and in some patents. However, the only copy I could find was in the Mooers archive at the Charles Babbage Institute. (Mooers founded Zator.) The archive controls the copyright, and lets people make copies for research purposes, so long as the archive/box/folder information is included in the citation.

Which is why if you look at a paper like http://trafficways.org/ascii/ascii.pdf it has citations like:

> Thomas E. Kurtz, letter to Secretary, X3, December 21, 1965, Calvin N. Mooers Papers (CBI 81), Charles Babbage Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, box 20, folder 1.

Try doing that "within the text only".
I saw this posted a couple years ago, but it was a great guide to starting out with git: http://pcottle.github.io/learnGitBranching/
"He [Yelp CEO] continued by noting that he's 'been focused' on the high cost of living in San Francisco and has backed a group trying to bring awareness to the issue.

He also noted that he's often spoken out about the importance of making housing more affordable."

The CEO of Yelp has no control over the cost of housing in SF, but he does have control over what Yelp pays its employees. If he was really concerned about housing prices being too high for his employees to afford, he could give them all raises tomorrow.

Original discussion of this story: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11138086
It wouldn't add security anyway. In order to encrypt data, they first need to read it unencrypted. Thus, they can't advertise iCloud as "we can't see your pictures", because they can, in theory.
"who", not "whom"
Just so I'm clear, you're saying that there should be a law where some goods cannot be sold online and have to be sold in stores only. And the purpose of this is to prop brick and mortar businesses up so they can stay in business?
You're correct, and that was unfair of me to say; it may not be an issue with the person, but with the set of considerations being imposed on the person, internally or externally.
But if it worked for Patagonia, that operates in a pretty old industry, shouldn't there be at least a number of take aways that would apply to many or most industries?

I've not read the book yet, so it's not a rhetorical question. Living in the Pacific Northwest Patagonia and their company story and ethos are known to just about everyone who's ventured into the outdoors.
The drivers get marked down for being too far behind schedule, but the company also schedules more stops than can realistically be done in the time frame. So it's not terribly surprising that they're incentivized to cheat in this way, and gain back some time in their schedule...
The documentation is definitely incomplete but improving every few weeks. If you just need a basic overview http://docs.magento.com/m2/ce/user_guide/getting-started/int... looks good. If you want to do development, keep in mind that the framework was built to be plugin based. If you need new functionality you're building custom modules. If you want to change the appearance, you're working on themes. For debugging you may want to take a look at Z-Ray, a profiling tool built by the magento team.
http://zenodo.org will issue a free DOIs for any GitHub release you tell it to. :)

See https://guides.github.com/activities/citable-code
Meteor 1.3 beta (modules, mobile, and testing) now available
Buffett himself says it was his biggest mistake. He had some stock deal going with the Berkshire CEO and felt he was the victim of a bait-and-switch. He bought Berkshire so he could fire the guy.

Two things: 1) People still act from emotion even when there's a hell of a lot of money at stake and 2) that kindly grandpa thing that Warren Buffett has going is an act.
In case anybody is interested, this is how you would do this in clojure:

(println (some-> article :author :address :city upper-case))
"her", not "she"
How to Find Model Name
I've been using git at work for a couple of years and I haven't spent very much time thinking about the internals at all. It just seems to work pretty much, though sometimes I get into a weird state and just delete and redownload.
That's covered in the appendix.
Disagreeing with Bruce Schneier: More Crypto Is Not the Answer (2013)
Weirdly enough, this may be a valid suggestion.

EXT4 seems to have some odd behavior when the partition it is trying to work with to nears full.
The variable in this equation is the definition of "our enemy".
I discovered his Strange Loop talk a few months ago. Funny guy! (He is one of the creators of Erlang.)

The part where he talks about "the entropy reverser" is ~32 minutes in [1], related to the article linked by parent.

[1] "The Mess We're In" by Joe Armstrong (September, 2014)
https://youtu.be/lKXe3HUG2l4?t=32m5s
How is Set a functor in a mathmatical sense?
I just have to say, I've gone through that guide and it was great. It really helped me understand the refs (branching) model.

It was a couple of years ago, so it may be even better now.

Thanks for posting it. I always had a really hard time trying to track down the link.
...like the way no one uses TCP/IP?
A worst-case-scenario discussion with some colleges brought to mind some invasive future applications of this tech. For example, what if you could film somebody in public long enough for a recreation of their nude body to be generated? Doesn't seem far fetched. What if you could scan the likeness of somebody and then import them into some sort of pornographic virtual reality...

It's enough to make you wonder what kind of lockdown there will be on software distribution (as seen with Google Glass). Something like a "rape simulator" might generate the sort of headline outrage to push public support for comprehensive surveillance of usage.
I'm confused -- does the hired developer make the $10/20min or does the site creator get it? Or what's the split?
I know a few people on the management team. It's basically a sinking ship with no one trying anymore. They'd do better spinning the brand into it's own entity under a licensing agreement with a competent ecommerce company like Newegg. In fact that should probably be their strategy if they want to survive. One entity for the real estate, one for the brick and mortar then another for online commerce. Then have Newegg acquire the majority share of their ecommerce business and rebrand as Sears. It'd be like lightning growth hit them since the Newegg guys know what they are doing in online commerce.

But that'd never happen.
Lots of comments are asking what problem this solves.

First, content addressing is the best general solution to exactly-once message delivery in a distributed system. Examples of distributed message protocols include (ahem) email, HTTP and RSS. The alternative, UUIDs, is strictly worse in almost every way (which is to say, if you're currently using UUIDs for anything, consider switching to hashes of the content).

Second, content addressing guarantees the integrity of messages, meaning as long as you have the hash, you can get the data from anywhere. This is highly useful for mirroring and failover. Basically, we might be able to solve linkrot to a large degree, and make easier to mirror sites (especially locally, which is useful for high latency and offline).

I wrote up a short comparison of this protocol, along with a few alternatives a while back.[1] (Note that the IPFS comparison is incorrect, it should have an /ipfs/ path prefix.)

[1] https://bentrask.com/?q=hash://sha256/1e9a6b770ef9f1ca894af4...
Referrer is the correct English spelling. It's so easy to accidentally create a bug by forgetting that the standard relies on a spelling mistake.
Striker Bayern München Thomas
After 10 years of programming in Scala, I must admit I still don't know which style I prefer.
Putting this kind of safety-related issue aside, the first purchaser probably won't keep the car long enough to have any real problems (at this price level it's probably a lease). Even if they do, the dealer will give them a loaner (and may even pick up the car) so problems aren't much of an inconvenience.

It's much more of an issue for those of us who like to buy several year old luxury cars -- they have become much harder and more expensive to repair in the last 10 years or so.
What? That's a bit libelous, I'd appreciate an explanation.

If it happened at ioNET after September '96, I wasn't involved.

All of Texas.Net's systems ran legit copies of Solaris; a large amount of them were brand new and came with OS entitlements. I remember going to the post office one day to pick up our brand new copies of Solaris 2.6.

Are you talking about me running SUNHELP.ORG, which started in '97? That was (and is) a third-party user community and resources, along with mailing lists. It did not provide Solaris downloads.

I happen to have a (personal) archive of Solaris releases, but it's not public access.

The closest thing to "piracy" I could ever be accused of was reposting design documents for an unreleased system that I found on Sun's own publicly-accessible website in 2000.

That whole scenario is explained in detail here:
http://www.sunhelp.org/letters/

If anyone at Sun held me in bad regard, it was never mentioned to me by anyone, and I had a lot of contacts at the company.

- I was one of 250 people to be picked as an external pre-release beta tester / community liason for the release of OpenSolaris.

- In 2005, Sun donated a fully loaded T1000 server (8 cores, 8G RAM) for use by me in running the site. I'd think that if I was a huge software pirate the company wouldn't encourage it by giving me expensive hardware for free.

Pictures: https://www.flickr.com/photos/mrbill/sets/72057594124431136/

Thanks.
Oh buddy, when you lose physical access to your device, it's not your device any more. I imagine you got a full rootkit with forever-active wiretapping. Degauss and destroy I say!
'Nuclear armed' states, possibly, but access to nuclear technology is a key part of the non-proliferation regime that's been around for nearly half a century. It's the other side of the deal signatories enter - you don't develop nuclear weapons, in return you get to play with all the other toys, with the assistance and supervision of the IAEA.
Sure it does. If all the hardware and software associated with iPhones was open-source Apple could tell the FBI to fuck off and write their own firmware. Then the only thing they would need Apple for is signing it once it's complete. And if each user could sign their own firmware updates with a key based on their password or provide their own key then it's game over.

They've put themselves in a weird legal situation because they've made it so that they are the only ones who can actually write and sign the firmware the FBI is demanding. A judge would laugh them out of the courtroom if the FBI was technically capable of writing the firmware and demanded Apple's help because it was too hard.
Those early ISP days both sucked and were fun in their own special way. Trumpet Winsock for Win3.x users! Getting OS/2 online and older Macs! Trash-talking in the local Usenet groups!
Obligatory link to Charles Duan's most excellent git tutorial:

> you can only really use Git if you understand how Git works. Merely memorizing which commands you should run at what times will work in the short run, but it’s only a matter of time before you get stuck or, worse, break something.

http://www.sbf5.com/~cduan/technical/git/

Somehow I do not see this mentioned often despite it is, in my opinion, hands down the best tutorial for git. Not too short, not too long, not too simplifying, not too complicated. Just right.
Brave for iOS
Do you know what it is was used for in non-consumer products?