skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
(tl;dr, I don't think he does)

I'm also not a distributed systems expert, but this is how I interpreted the arguments. AntiRez is responding to the scenario where a client acquires a lock, hangs, a new client acquires a lock, and the old client comes back and tries to write something based off of a now stale lock. As demonstrated in this image [0]

So the random token ensures that even though many clients may "think" they have a lock, only up to a single client can ever actually have one. The write in the diagram which corrupts the database shouldn't happen, because you'll need to check that your lock token matches the service. [1] (excuse the terrible MSPaint modifications).

Which covers the common cases of lock timeout. But the clients aren't the only part of the system that can violate the mutex. Martin seems to have already thought of this rebuttal:

You cannot fix this problem by inserting a check on the lock expiry just before writing back to storage. Remember that GC can pause a running thread at any point, including the point that is maximally inconvenient for you (between the last check and the write operation).
[ ... ]
If you still don’t believe me about process pauses, then consider instead that the file-writing request may get delayed in the network before reaching the storage service. Packet networks such as Ethernet and IP may delay packets arbitrarily

And I don't believe AntiRez answers this (or I'm not understanding when they do :P ). Even if a client makes a write-request at a perfectly valid point in time, when they own the lock, how do I know that by the time the write-request reaches storage, that the lock is still valid? The difference boils down to "redlock guarantees requests are sent during a valid lock", but not "redlock guarantees requests transact during a valid lock"

Martin's fix [2] is similar to the token method suggested, except: A) the write-if-token-matches logic is handled directly by the storage layer. B) It uses an auto-incrementing token.

He spends a few paragraphs making the point that redlock cannot generate good fencing tokens, because it has no good auto-increment consensus. But I don't see how a random token is any worse than an incrementing one if you're just going to straight up reject requests where the token doesn't match. Antirez addresses this, without addressing A.

I would also really like someone to correct me if I'm missing something. The Redlock implementations are very bare-bones with tests or examples of how to actually use them. The Ruby library has a more "advanced" example, which says this at the point where they try writing to the file system:

# Note: we assume we can do it in 500 milliseconds. If this
# assumption is not correct, the program output will not be
# correct.

Which doesn't give me good faith in this...

[0] http://martin.kleppmann.com/2016/02/unsafe-lock.png

[1] http://i.imgur.com/8rezAaX.png

[2] http://martin.kleppmann.com/2016/02/fencing-tokens.png

[3] https://github.com/antirez/redlock-rb/blob/master/example2.r...
Agreed. I think the top Universities will maintain their prestige, but people will begin to question the value of an education from a run-of-the-mill University. The education won't be that different, but the top schools will offer access to the rich and powerful.
> It is disingenuous and/or ignorant to suggest that temporarily loading an email into memory for the purpose of displaying it on the users screen [...]

I may be wrong, but I think they were referring to things like spam detection, malware detection, possibly search indexing, and such rather than just "temporarily loading an into memory for the purpose of displaying it."
New Record-Setting Machine Solves a Rubik's Cube in Under 0.9 Seconds
Wouldn't it be easier for the end user if you used pip/PyPi? Essentially all Linux distros include Python, but there are very few that ship with Node.js installed by default.
For years, Twitter promoted itself as paragons of free speech even calling itself the "free speech wing of the free speech party." http://www.theguardian.com/media/2012/mar/22/twitter-tony-wa...

It looks like they have turned their backs on that. I don't know how to see it otherwise.
That's just not true. Most reasonably mature apps were running code on our servers via Cloud Code. And it's hardly genius or a trick to have thick client SDKs.
How to Invest in Startups and Make Money
I believe he was a single child, but that was a long time ago...
I'm glad that companies are starting to display warnings about insecurity. It used to be that the insecurity was only advertised if something that was supposed to be secure was broken. However not having any security in the first place is often worse. I would like to see this trend continue and start warning everyone about systems that aren't secure.
How I got access to millions of [redacted] accounts
Why not make it cheaper to pay taxes than to pay accountants, lawyers, and financial strategists to avoid those taxes in the first place?
Totally get it in the military context, and why it's useful in the context of a missile lobbing holiday, but was rather more curious as to why it'd be used as a time source for synchronising packets in commercial applications as the article describes.

Based on what others have said and my own inkling I think it's about synchronisation at a fine timescale without having to trouble yourself with bothersome shit like relativity, and leaving that particular pain in the ass to the US military. That's what I meant by latency, but phone keyboard, walking, lazy!
I don't think you think rich kids have an advantage on the SATs for the reasons you think. I've met high school kids that didn't know the SATs were multiple choice, or when/where/how to take them. They didn't know that they needed to go to a website to sign up, or that they'd have to figure out transportation to the testing site. Parents of high school kids that were confused between the SATs and the federally-mandated high school tests, and didn't know what they needed to do, if anything, to get their children registered for the test -- much less how to help them prepare. Many schools don't provide any sort of guidance about taking them -- they're too worried about the test prep that actually reflects on their school and don't want to take class time to teach more tests.

The gap between "rich kid" and "poor kid" performance on the SATs is much, much bigger than just "this SAT studying source or that one"
This isn't really correct. Expansion of space is not the same thing as accelerated expansion of space. Aaccelerated expansion is indeed due to something "pushing" objects apart--that something is called "dark energy". But expansion itself, apart from the effects of dark energy, does not push on anything; it doesn't exert any force that moves objects apart or works against gravity. So thinking of ordinary expansion (apart from accelerated expansion) as "creating space" in between objects isn't really correct. It's unfortunate that so many pop science treatments use this way of speaking, since it leads to the incorrect inference I've just described.
Indeed. The men known to history as Julius Caesar, Octavian and Caligula all had the name Gaius Julius Caesar.
For now they will just warn on it. In a few months they will send it to spam. Just wait.
> raise prices on the services they are allowed to sell, to make up for the lost profits on the services they can't sell any more.

Economics doesn't work that way. If a company is out to maximize profit (and any company that stoops to fraud is almost certainly out to maximize profit), why would they wait until regulation to artificially raise prices? Their prices are as high as they can go already.

Harmful regulation raises prices by raising the price of inputs and raising the marginal cost of an additional product, resulting in fewer transactions being profitable and a deadweight loss to both the consumer and producer (split according to how price-sensitive the two sides are.)
I'm the GNU social founder, so please talk to me about a horrible job.

I think there's a misunderstanding in this submission, and perhaps around the project in general. The goal of the project isn't to provide a social network, or to provide an alternative to Twitter, but rather to provide some software that can be used for a bunch of things, and using it instead of Twitter is a subset of that.

I chose the name because I didn't want people to think of it as a "GNU social network" (GNUbook, GNUspace, etc) but rather just software that could be used to enable communication between people.

Some people have made interfaces for it that mimic Twitter, and a lot of people are using it for that kind of communication, but I don't think the project website has to make it easy for people who want to quit Twitter to use GNU social, but we can certainly point people at servers and interfaces that do that job.
Where do you go? I've hunted around a lot - it's really uncomfortable that they tell you "nothing is connected" and then recommend people you've dated...
Tommy Kono would disagree with you. Albeit he was a weightlifter.
So how are other rockets made and and transported to launch site?
For some perspective of how Twitter has changed over the years, particularly their relationship to free speech, here is Vice's History of Twitter's rules: http://motherboard.vice.com/read/the-history-of-twitters-rul...
Oh, finally. For a couple years, I can't pass authentication of PayPal on my iPhone no matter how I tried. While almost all the credit card and banks are now using fingerprint on iPhone, I need a hardware token device to really get in PayPal on iPhone. According to the rep the logic is I can use my phone number to receive 2 factor text code, then why advertised it.

The new web has been continued puzzled me often prompt to go back to old UI for more details. This is in 2015, decades after online banking started and PayPal is not a government agency. However you put it, it doesn't add up.
That would be the simplest explanation.
Show HN: I've been writing daily TILs for a year
To play devil's advocate, why is email shit? It is pretty much a way to send someone a document in the original way Berners Lee defined html which was essentially sgml. I get not letting people mail active scripts, but every large mail provider also makes a browser.

So email is shitty because providers fuck with it at the mailserver level (i think this is the case, and have heard that about providers) as it doesn't seem to be a problem at the view level.

So this is sort of the issue. We couldn't get consensus on this early on, so no one was able to force standardization, now only a few players have the ability to define standards but they all own large scale messaging channels outside of email.

edit: meant to say that browsers obviously view html and css3 is pretty good as well. We could probably standardize this enough to allow people to write emails in this format and embed imagery. We would not allow JS for obvious reasons, but sending cool emails would be fun and we could also add new features. I mean, the web has developed somewhat shittily, but adding a few new features outside of like the 16 original tags would be cool. Not sure what percentage of tags and attributes actually work, but then again, no one is...
If you have a lot of high quality page views (like at least 10M per month, more if they are low quality) and you don't have a business model, maybe consider advertising. At a CPM of $3.00, you could pull in 30k revenue per month. As long as you are seeing good user growth, you can build a decent business, but not an "up and to the right"-style startup.

Otherwise the economics just don't work out, and it is a painful road.
Yeah I was implying that the green line is the way most people get from BK, BX and upper manhattan into Midtown, where most of the jobs are. But yeah I pretty much agree with everything else you wrote. It's a tough situation.
Right, but look at history: MySpace died out (mostly), and was replaced, but by what? Facebook, another centralized, proprietary service. And then came Twitter, which was yet another centralized, proprietary service.

When has an open, decentralized product or service ever supplanted a centralized, closed, proprietary one? Never, that I can think of. Linux never replaced Windows, not for the vast majority of users. It did become very popular for servers, but really it took over from proprietary UNIX there, and really created its own market because back in the early 90s there was no such thing as a webserver; the whole use-case is different with Linux on servers. So UNIX was never really entrenched in exactly the things that Linux servers are used for now. Then there's smartphones and embedded devices like that, but there again Linux really created its own market; before Linux, small devices generally didn't have enough power to run a heavyweight OS like Linux. Android (semi-open, uses Linux) came about pretty much simultaneously with the iPhone. So here again, there wasn't some single proprietary thing that was dominant and entrenched in a mature market. There's the Apache webserver, but here again, there was no big dominant proprietary player. LibreOffice hasn't had much success in supplanting MS Office. MySQL is very popular, but here again there was no dominant proprietary web database; MySQL created that market (though PostgreSQL has become a serious competitor to it, but it's also open).

So in summary, the only time I've seen open, non-proprietary solutions win out is when the environment changed, frequently because of their presence and availability, making them the natural pick. I've never seen them beat out an entrenched dominant player in a mature market. So I definitely don't expect to see it happen with Facebook. What I could see happening is something coming up which uses a non-proprietary or decentralized system which creates a whole new market, rendering one of those things obsolete. I have no idea what that could be though, but then again 20 years ago I wouldn't have imagined that people would want to spend massive amounts of time on a "social network" sharing inane pictures and videos and making idiotic comments to each other about them.
Many humans use mantras or ceremonies for their benefit in structure. My wife and I certainly do.

These are key questions. What's interesting is not the questions, but the answers. And in listening. Listening is itself an investment. What's important to your partner? Find a way to make that important to you.

I can speak those six questions in a few seconds. But I am listening to the answers, and to the associated streams of thought, attentively, for about 30 minutes.

We used the six questions approach for our first seven or so years. In the last 10 years, we actually ask the questions less frequently.

We are apart about 10 or 11 hours per day, 5 days a week. So we each have about 30 minutes to catch up on 10 hours.

But I find the biggest value in the weekends, when we're together most of the day. In that case, I can usually predict will want to talk about. But that doesn't make it boring. That gives me an excellent chance to fine-tune my understanding of her mind and emotions. The gap between what I expect she has been thinking about and what she was actually thinking about is an excellent education.

And she does the same with me.

Recall the baseline assertion: my relationship with my wife is the most important thing in my life.

I listen to people talk for hours at work, which is pretty important. Listening to my wife for 30 minutes is a no brainer for me.
The Bicycle (1874) [pdf]
$1500 is nothing if you're a telco. If cost were the reason they wouldn't blink at having five caesium fountains in each location - but as another observed it's likely about synchronicity - relativity is a problem if you're looking to have two clocks on opposite sides of the planet in perfect sync.
If you go the subscription route, rather than billing by the hour as brudgers suggests, then make it VERY CLEAR what your subscription service includes. Anything past that, they need to pay up.

When in doubt, spell it out, because if you don't, it's likely people will expect more of you than you're offering.
Extended support until 2020 though. :) Personally I have no need for Windows 10 on anything I own or use, maybe MS will offer something better by 2020.
There's also the option of using "# nosec" for those parts of the code. I opened an issue upstream to be more fine-grained about nosec, to be able to disable individual test numbers, like "# nosec-B103".
Look out, Calico – this startup is taking a killer approach to aging
Scarcity creates value. The value of a college degree has, and continues to be, the fact that the university spent a great deal of time and expense selecting you. That filtering process, combined with the student's subsequent graduation, makes for a fairly reliable signaling mechanism for employers.

The raw information presented in the curricula is the least valuable part of the entire experience; the market reflects this fact.
> Yep surprised they haven't rolled one out yet. Ideally placed.

In fact, they will fight tooth and nail against it since their business model relies on having access to the plain text of the message. It's the very reason they are releasing this technology: a user sees a padlock icon that's confusing similar to other "encrypted" mail offerings, for example OpenPGP. For Google, it's essential that end-to-end encryption does not become the norm and that plain text emails are kept inside their walled garden.

That being said, as a form of opportunistic encryption, TLS on the SMTP layer is great and there are really no excuses not to use it in 2016. Google could push it aggressively and add an (user optional) delay against servers that try to deliver email over a plain connection: "472 Try again in 30 sec or use STARTTLS"
> perhaps in this environment the Big Crunch could still occur.

No, it couldn't. The nuclear waste will still have the same average energy density, on the scale of the universe as a whole, as the unexhausted fusion fuel does now. We know that energy density is too small now to make the universe recollapse, so the same must be true any time in the future.

> what type of "fuel" is needed to create an exothermic fusion reaction comparable to the Big Bang?

The Big Bang was not an exothermic fusion reaction. Our current best model is that the Big Bang was caused by a very large energy density being transferred from the inflaton field (the field that drove inflation in the very early universe) to the various fields in the Standard Model of particle physics (electrons, quarks, photons, etc.). This "reheating" created the hot, dense, rapidly expanding state that we refer to as the Big Bang.
Stab in the dark:
Inverse Square Law + The number of stars in your field of vision can't be infinite.
Of course atomic clocks drift as well, and as soon as you run multiple you have to keep that in mind. GPS (or rather a GPS-controlled quartz) is probably better quality than cheap atomic clocks.

GPS is a convenient way to get well-synced precise time nearly everywhere you can see the sky.
Perhaps your interview process is suboptimized for finding talent.

Google famously struggled with this issue. They found the best predictor of how someone will perform in a job is a work sample test (29%).

This entails giving candidates a sample piece of work, similar to that which they would do in the job, and assessing their performance at it. Even this can’t predict performance perfectly > http://www.wired.com/2015/04/hire-like-google/
If advertisers thought about long-term, we wouldn't be in this mess in the first place. Thinking short-term is actually a staple of business. And so advertisers have for ages been burning trust to boost sales metric, and now they are surprised people are rebelling when they finally have means to do so?

The problem with advertising, on-line and off-line, is that it's user-hostile. It's manipulative and abusive even before you add trackers and malware on top of that. Maybe there was a time when advertising existed to inform people about available choices. I don't know when that age was, but it's not what's the focus of advertising nowadays. If you're acting hostile to me and my friends, I have a right to defend myself, and to instruct my friends on how they can defend themselves.
I see a lot of projects that's written in other languages on npm, especially bash. Substack even published c code to npm. I think it makes the script more accessible especially for nodejs users. I don't mind publishing it to other package mangers.
There's no reason to believe the universe is infinite nor that stars are evenly distributed throughout its volume. So "the number of stars increases as r^2" is the part that doesn't hold and is causing the paradox.
The fact that something is a criminal offense does not mean that landlords cannot also handle it as a contract issue when it is addressed in a lease.

Again, legalization doesn't enable anything here.
Not entirely true. Granted, you might be able to gain a lot of knowledge via MOOCs, however, I feel that the experience of human interaction with other students and the professor cannot be replicated via the internet. Additionally, I think the issue of prestige is a self fulfilling prophecy in that good schools get bright students and the interaction between them increases the overall intellect of the student community in that school.
So can someone explain to me why Uber needs a design team of 200?
The POSIX subsystem was one of the worst offenders for the "checkbox marketing" abuse that I've ever seen. I am hard pressed to think of anybody who successfully used it for anything because it came with so many caveats right out of the box. Microsoft implemented the absolute minimum they needed to check the box and nothing more.

I don't know about the OS/2 subsystem, but I wouldn't be surprised if it was only sufficient to run Lotus Notes or something back when that was a relevant business need.
I can only speak for myself, but my systems all prohibit installation of packages into the system Python namespace by default.
I wouldn't really call Kanye a musician; he's a rapper/hip hop artist/producer. Musicians are people who play musical instruments. Sampling other people's music and rapping over it isn't being a musician, it's being a producer.
Usually when you are recommended by a friend this would cause some extra task and support which are expected in friendship. that is the cost of getting customer easily.
This means if you suggest less than normal it will not have profit for you.
However, you can not claim more because there are too many competitor ready and online.
All in all I think something around normal services would be fare.
Right. The questions are (were) a gateway. What we talk about is certainly factual. And all too often our days have monotony in them. What's important is hearing how my wife feels about these things in her life, and she hears how I feel about those things in my life.

I like to say that one of my biggest advantages at work is that I have an intelligent, invested and attentive counselor at home. My wife gives me tons of excellent work-related feedback, because she sees things differently than I do. And that's an incredibly valuable thing.
What's to stop you from getting mattl@hotmail.com and pretending to be me in email?

Same thing, really.
Veracode scanning extension for Visual Studio Team Services build system
I always hear about how american college students, upon graduating, take a year off to travel around. How common is this? 10k should be around 20k by now, how common is it in the US for parents to give 20 thousand in free travel money to a son who graduates?
Or use FPM (https://github.com/jordansissel/fpm/wiki) and abstract the whole packaging idea. linux and mac packages supported.