skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I'm also not sure why the OP thinks that calculating the normalizing constant is a huge issue. Most of the time you rarely need it since you're likely going to end up doing an MCMC or some other sampling method for the posterior, in which case you only need proportionality.

Right, and when doing Bayesian model selection the evidence drops out of the problem completely. All you need are the priors and the likelihoods.

The claim that ~H is "not itself a valid hypothesis" is dubious. If H is the hypothesis that a certain continuous parameter has a value in the range [a, b], then it's perfectly obvious what ~H means.

Of course it's possible to choose a vague, overly broad hypothesis, but a frequentist analysis of such a hypothesis is going to be just as bad as a Bayesian analysis. "Garbage in, garbage out" is true no matter what tool you use.
Deep Learning Glossary
I'm disappointed that high latency mix networks like mixminion or mixmaster have all but died out. They can offer much more security in the face of a global adversary who can see all traffic. Sadly, if you used one today, your message is probably the only one to pass that day, so you're pretty obviously indicted.
If we follow your argument to the logical extreme there is no such thing as free software because the computer to run such software almost always costs money?

(Unless you receive a computer as a gift or it is freely leased; but then that applies to Macs as much as any computer.)
I'm not denying that - but the benefits have not been cut. The spending is larger than ever. The increase in government spending correlates with the hollowing out of the middle class. I'm very skeptical that even more spending will reverse it - sort of like building giant air conditioners to combat global warming.
Yes, but in my case tomcat is provided by the distribution and I'll see when an update is coming (and to be honest, like you said, tomcat is pretty boring, which is good in my opinion). By default, dokku/herokuish will download the latest version of a buildpack, that's what got me this time. As other commenters pointed out, I could lock down a specific commit for the buildpack, I'll try that in the future.
We detached this subthread from https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10960114 and marked it off-topic.
Quality Translations: Cheap Translations Will Cost Dear
But considering the really poor chances there being a god... Anyway, you are responsible for your own choices.

Also "Pain and suffering are part of the human condition" does seam like a poor, religiously ingrained, philosophy. I do not see why it has to be the case.
Nice! I love Istanbul
Sure... in the same way Pinochet was arrested for crimes involving Spanish citizens.
I'm going to say something a bit controversial here.

Most people are not creative. Its true. There isn't some horde of people who want to program but don't know it yet because they own a tablet instead of a computer. There isn't some horde of musicians that will never know it because their music comes from an mp3 instead of their own instrument. There isn't some horde of artists who will never know it because their images come from a camera instead of owning a paintbrush. Heck even on a web-forum where contributing content is as low friction as sharing links, only ~10% of users do it. And only 10% of that 10% actually make the content that's posted. 90% of people are happy to passively consume content.

I wish the author were right. I wish there was this huge hidden demand for a real computer revolution. I still think that when I buy a device I should actually own it (which entails freedom to modify). But let's face it idealistic nerd types. We lost. Most people are consumers not creators. Get over it, go to work, program for them, and wipe away your tears with a stack of money.
That doesn't change anything. Cash on hand, even outside of the US lowers cost of capital, potentially almost to zero.

Paying the money to shareholders would imply double or triple taxation before the money is with the shareholders. (once, returning the money (corporate tax), once capital gains tax, then income tax or corporate tax again in the case of corporate shareholder). Just so we're clear, that means 35% and then another 35% or 50% tax, or 57% up to 67% tax.

So I think the original argument stands. The company has a choice. Either spend 3x the money on something that will make the stock price go up (like creating an offshore entity buying your own stock if you want to do this rather directly), or give 60% to the US government, 40% to the shareholders. That's why buybacks, which have been proven inefficient to say the least, still happen. They'd have to be 3x as inefficient to break even.

And from the perspective of the management itself : that's either a trillion dollars under their direct control (not quite property, but ...) or 400 billion payout to shareholders, none of it under their control. As long as they can get away with it, they'll keep it. Just look at what Amazon does to it's shareholders.
Sounds like a case for specializing your developers into parts of the process that they are most proficient in.

However, I have seen developers who are incredible in all of those aspects and simply run rings around regular good developers. People who you can give a problem and they've already designed a fairly novel algorithm for best case complexity in 15 minutes to handle it. These people exist and they are not 1x developers, unless creating novel mathematical proofs in 15 minutes counts as 1x ....
patio11 - bar none.

This guy is a successful businessman, and provides so much value with so much of what he writes. For free. Go read his stuff, I dare you.
There is a similarly interesting result in ET Jaynes "Probability The Logic of Science" (chapter 5). Where Jaynes demonstrates that increased evidence actually decreases your belief in a hypothesis.

Jaynes gives an example of an experiment in which a psychic predicts cards, getting n out of m correct. In classical hypothesis testing H0 would be "the psychic got lucky" and H1 is "the psychic has mystic powers". Jaynes first attempts to use Bayesian reasoning to work backward to determine your prior belief in psychics. That is, how much evidence would it take to convince you, compare that to the raw likelihood and what you have is your prior beliefs quantified.

He then points out that he personally would never believe the subject was psychic, this is because there are not just H0 and H1, but H2 "the psychic is deceiving the experimenters", H3 "the experimenters are making an error" , H4 "the experiments are fudging the results", H5 ... Each of these has their own prior.

If your prior for believing in psychics is low enough and your prior for "the experimenters are fraud" is high enough, the more extreme the evidence the more you will be convinced that the experimenters are disreputable con artists, and subsequently the less you will believe the subject is psychic.

This is actually Jaynes' solution to a huge problem with Bayesian reasoning as a form of human reasoning: "If more data should override a bad prior, then why in the 'age of information' does nobody argee on anything!" This example shows, according to Jaynes, that while we can certainly have irrational priors we can still explain human reason in Bayesian terms and still get a situation where two people faced with plentiful information will arrive at contradictory conclusions.
it was in the name of science, of course! i'm pleasantly surprised to see some of the discussions on here, concerning copyright and health data ownership. =]

i was aware of the privacy implications. i briefly looked at the data in osirix that i would be exposing and decided that it was worth it.
And here's something similar for 3D: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_Modelling_Language
http://web.archive.org/web/20150401050939/https://www.texast...
It's quite humorous you were downvoted considering everything you mentioned is true.

http://web.archive.org/web/20150401050939/https://www.texast...
Where is Apple without Jobs? When Steve resigned (2011) they had 108B in revenue, 2015 they had 230B. That's phenomenal growth.

MSFT? 73B in 2012 to 93B in 2015. Solid growth.

IBM: from 103B in 2012 down to 82B in 2015.

So yeah, Apple and MS are growing, while IBM is declining.
Creativity isn't a trait, it's a skill. It can be learned like any other.
Rust errors _are_ monads. That style of error handling is known as "monadic error handling".

When the blog post says "you don't need to learn monads", it's being tongue-in-cheek. He's pointing out that whilst Rust errors are monadic, you don't need to learn monads to work with them.

To be fair to Haskell, it doesn't force you to learn what a monad is either (ha!), but often the full details of what a monad is are emphasized before teaching IO or error handling. Which works somewhat, but also gives monads their infamy.
That's cool. Whenever I play with things like this, I always end up just making a mess.
Heading where the puck is going to be! ;)
It looks that it requires either proto files or somethig like this - https://github.com/rsc-dev/pbd/blob/master/examples/test.ser

There is no way to infer attribute names from on the wire representation. In fact, there is no 100% sure way to distinguish between strings and embedded messages.
> How would you express a 42 cycle in SAT?

That's easy. You just need to design a combinational circuit that verifies that a particular list of nodes forms a cycle.

> How much memory would that take for a billion node graph?

Naively, a lot. Thinking about it, way too much memory to be in any way practical.

However, there may be a good way to solve it with an incremental solver or, instead of materialising the graph, you could encode the siphash function in the sat solver. Then it would use much less memory.

If that works well though, it would compromise the original goal of the project.
If you put the omitted "..." back in to the quote, it makes it clearer that the "for their own ends" is about appropriating credit rather than testing alternate hypotheses.

More importantly, the full paragraph starts "A second concern held by some is that...", signaling that this characterization is a not-universal opinion about what might be bad about data sharing. The very next paragraph argues that it doesn't have to be this way, which is the whole (missed?) point of the text.

It's almost like the posts here are trying to make the authors' case about the hazards of data sharing for them.
If I told you, I'd have to...
Can they even do that with the slow australian internet connection?
... "or even use the data to try to disprove what the original investigators had posited"

- isn't that the whole point of peer reviewed research?!
At the start of our morning team standups, we have a song playing and anyone can add song to the queue (and also re-arrange to put their selection first, if they wish). 80s Thursdays and Metal Mondays have emerged organically. Then there's the unique music like Tuvan throat singing [1] that gets included.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-qn27GOAkwo
The Short History of GCC Development (2005)
> It's somewhat controversial in the Rust community

We added a lint to clippy that detects places where you could rely on elision but don't. I'm particularly fond of it, because many Rust programmers (including me) still default to the pre-input-output rule regime by explicitly typing out `fn<'a>(&'a u8)-> &'a u8`. It's caught a lot of this and made code nice and clean.

However, we've have multiple people ask the lint to be off-by-default for input-output cases where one of the two sides has a struct/enum lifetime (`Foo<'a>`, not `&'a _`), because it's nice for that to be explicit. (At the same time, multiple people feel like it should stay)

We'll have to see what happens when we RfC the clippy defaults.
Moving to bower recently ? Are you sure it's not Yeoman ? Or Webpack ? Or maybe it's maybelline.
Apple does not have to open up the whole system - there are some good reasons for limiting the access of applications to the system part of the filesystem and the bare hardware.

However, Apple also very much limits the ability to run e.g. Squeak as an app on IOS, you might run it, but not download source code over the internet. And if you read the Anandtech iPad Pro test you can see how much software is held back by the restrictions on exchanging data between apps.

I am writing this as an Apple user and owner of several IOS devices. IOS was a huge accomplishment in touch UI usability, now it is time to develop the computing part to similar levels.
I am a brahmin and my father was a poor farmer in India. The kind of poor you read in newspapers. I completed my education mostly on borrowed money from friends and relatives and through community scholarships. Now that I am in USA I realize half of my struggles in India were result of government control and government attempts to make things "equal" for everyone rather than just letting best people succeed. USA on the other hand is much better.
Once the images are loaded it doesn't flicker, if you press the +1 button a few times it flickers but when you go back with -1 everything is already loaded and it doesn't flicker.
Very impressive, but it doesn't compare to what SpaceX is trying to do. SpaceX is bringing a much larger first stage back from an apogee of approx 140 km alt.
I downloaded Osirix, it is the most complicated process I ever seen.
Coming from a user/CSS perspective -- I'm hugely disillusioned with most current web design, but this actually Isn't Awful.

Particular kudos for going with REM units. My overall preference is to set:

html { font-size: medium; }

Then base subsequent sizes off of REM multiples. This ensures that users who do set default font size to something sane aren't suffering, while those who don't actually have a reasonable basis for zooming the page in and/or out.

A slight margin for reasonably-large mobile sizes (10" tablet here) would also help a bit.
Acme has a terminal, and a web browser, and a mail client, and a news reader
Cool, is it open source?
Indeed.

I am particularly excited about Intel/Micron's 3D xpoint technology, which will be on sale next year. Extrapolating the exponential rate of improvement in storage technologies, I wouldn't be surprised if we had persistent TB storage at SRAM speeds by 2040.
I don't like wording "arrive at contradictory conclusions", because it implies the creation of differences in beliefs.

I'd rather frame it as "maintain contradictory preconceptions". And the cause of this I would say is a lack of information: Information capable of distinguishing between H1-H5
This is not bypassing a kernel. This is called Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) and there is still a kernel.

FYI most of the devices inside your computer work through DMA.
> Most of them are about Rust's core guarantee: data race freedom

IMO this is just a part of it (and I think you agree, based on previous conversations). The actual thing is that the rules enforce a discipline about data, similar to the discipline in functional languages (except here it's allowing sharing XOR mutation instead of forbidding mutation entirely). This discipline gets us many things -- memory safety, safety from iterator invalidation-y things (there's a whole class of memory safety bugs that happen when you modify the exterior of a things whilst holding a pointer to the interior -- from iterator invalidation to invalidating pointers to a vector after truncation to invalidating enums), and clarity in code. Whilst the chronology of it's design may not be such, I personally look at data race freedom as something we got for free from this discipline, instead of the core focus of it.
Django error page with a stackoverflow search link
Yes, I totally agree that they should treat the politicians of the current colonies in the same way they treat those from the former ones.
Maquette – Minimalistic Virtual DOM library with animated transitions
And then they run out of Latin letters so they switch to Greek. Then they run out of Greek letters so they switch to Hebrew...

You have to remember that math is written for the sake of mathematicians' brains, not for the sake of dumb machines which accept only linear strings of a limited character set through a teletype. A mathematician can look at a formula and subconsciously break it down into constituent parts based on its shape. Multi-letter (word? phrase?) variable names would only serve to add unnecessary clutter and obscure the shape of the formula. Meaningfulness of names is a secondary concern, if it is a concern at all; meaning can be established in the text surrounding the formulas or equations; and if things indeed get too complex for a set of a few formulas, the option is always there to switch representations -- to computer code or pseudocode.
Mark Shuttleworth – Open Source in the World of App Stores
I think this is still possible with associated types. You can imitate higher kinded types with associated types, just that you wouldn't want to.

I recall someone posting a Monad or Collection HKT example when associated types were proposed.
Ask HN: Which startups/companies do you think will be the next to “fall”?
That is, which companies have funding and media attention without legitimacy to match. Harsh, but arguably needed.
Not sure about the above comment but here are my 2c. I belong to Brahmin caste. I always thought caste did not matter in USA until I recently attended a seminar by a self proclaimed India expert Christian priest. The Christian missionaries are trying to convince various governments across the world to recognize "caste" as serious discrimination probably to malign Hinduism to further their conversion business in India. I brushed it off thinking it must be some fringe group. After few days a lady showed up at my place asking my wife to narrate the horrors she had to face back in India because of her lower caste (my wife happens to have a lastname generally associated to lowest of low castes in India). It took us a while to understand what was happening.
As with almost every software in the world, silent version changes may break things. This is why npm, bower, rubygems, maven, python's requirement.txt and almost every other package management system allows you to specify the exact version of a dependency and begs you to use it in production. This is also why you need a staging environment that is as close as possible mirror of production.

Seems like you failed to RTFM
These numbers can be explained with IBM having peaked before Microsoft which in turn peaked before Apple in terms of product development. So Apple's revenues are still growing fast, Microsoft's are growing more slowly and IBM's are declining - with none of them doing new stuff and all of them being past the peak (I'm not sure that's actually true, just saying that grandparent's point/question was what they've done lately/that they didn't do much, and this point is not refuted by revenue growth numbers because revenue lags a lot after product starts. Microsoft's greatest hits by far are still Windows and Office which it develops since the 80s.)
I would LOVE to have my scans crowd sourced. Having my name out there would be of little concern to me.
It's interesting that you relate better to your grandfather's generation. Assuming you're a Gen Y, and he's part of the 'G.I. Generation', then you're both of the same generational archetype (see Strauss-Howe generational theory: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strauss%E2%80%93Howe_generatio...).

Of the 4 generational archetypes, Gen Y and the G.I. Generation are both of the 'Hero' type:

"Hero generations are born after an Awakening, during an Unraveling, a time of individual pragmatism, self-reliance, and laissez faire. Heroes grow up as increasingly protected post-Awakening children, come of age as team-oriented young optimists during a Crisis, emerge as energetic, overly-confident midlifers, and age into politically powerful elders attacked by another Awakening."

In contrast, the Baby Boomers fall in to the 'Prophet' archetype:

"Prophet generations are born near the end of a Crisis, during a time of rejuvenated community life and consensus around a new societal order. Prophets grow up as the increasingly indulged children of this post-Crisis era, come of age as self-absorbed young crusaders of an Awakening, focus on morals and principles in midlife, and emerge as elders guiding another Crisis."
> I wish there was this huge hidden demand for a real computer revolution.

When has there ever been a huge hidden demand for revolutionary technological developments?
> I don't think that's possible for most of them. Quite a few formulas aren't equivalent to any one program,

Even every proof can be expressed as a program, see Curry–Howard correspondence [1].

> and most variables don't have a fixed meaning.

I think this is kind of the point of the original comment.
For a physicist PV=nRT is concise and clear but for everyone else?
The letters P, V, n, R, T can have many meanings but in the context
of this formula their meaning is fixed. Why not write:

pressure * volume = AVOGADRO * BOLTZMAN * temperature

> Can't really think of one that could be improved by writing it as pseudo code.

See example above, but I think it strongly depends on what one is familiar with.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curry%E2%80%93Howard_correspon...
For the record, i wanted to post my brain online for many reasons. First of all, I did it for science of course. It'd be great for more of this data to be available online for people to study and work with.

There are many anonymized datasets available on Radiopaedia. http://radiopaedia.org/ I've spent quite a bit of time studying neurological conditions on that site and on wikipedia. Those are more useful, but anonymized. I'm not sure that there are many healthy MRI datasets available there, which makes it more difficult to statistically model MRI data.

I'm hoping to use Nipy and Dipy to create visualizations of my brain. In particular, i'm hoping to recreate some of the Diffusion Tensor Imaging work in this talk by Ariel Rokem: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HdrSZtB0uX0. However, i'm not sure if my DT images are high enough resolution.

I also did it for philosophical reasons. I believe that all digitized information past and present will be inevitably become known & public post facto. It's the nature of information & knowledge in our technological world to distribute itself until the world converges on total information omnipresence. So if, in the end, all [digitized] information is known, then there is no point in hiding information. This is more of a philosophical viewpoint though. obviously it's impossible for all information to converge in this way.

But this is true even of our own minds. And if our mind can be digitized from our brain, this also has interesting security implications. If you've seen the show stitchers, then you know what i mean.

Under no circumstances was this done in the name of art.
Whether pretty reliable is good enough depends very much on what you are trying to achieve. I'd rather my salary wasn't deposited into my bank account on a pretty reliable basis.
I like to call C++ templates "structurally typed", since you can get some degree of that from SFINAE and composing templates together. They're more pattern-matching based than type-based. This is reminiscent of how Go auto-impls interfaces, really.
One of the ways in which I can spot a scam is to look it up online. If all of the reviews of the product are glowingly positive (and use similar language), then I start looking for a pyramid scheme or something driving sales.
Note that with bounded polymorphism you get clear API boundaries too. With templates you may have to clearly document what kind of type is allowed in.

There's also the danger of something compiling where it shouldn't.