skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: What scientific/technical bounties with social impact would you support?
For a long while, I've been thinking of crowdfunding bounties for solving socially valuable science and engineering problems.

I've always been inspired by examples of this through history including:

- Longitude Rewards (17th century): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longitude_rewards

- Orteig Prize for Trans-Atlantic Flight (1920s): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orteig_Prize

- Fermat's Last Theorem (1800s/1908): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermat%27s_Last_Theorem#Monetary_prizes

- Ansari X Prize (1996): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ansari_X_Prize

- DARPA Grand Challenge (2000s): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge

What specific problems would you want to donate a few dollars to see solved and that will work with prize amounts in the range $1k-$500k? What referees would you recommend to determine if the problem is "solved"?
Mobile Application Penetration Testing Cheat Sheet
The organization is really a front for Hydra.
Programming Language Checklist
Interesting review even if it is not very relevant to me. I bought an iPad Pro a few weeks ago and my workload is: I write a lot (I publish a new book every 8 or 9 months), I program a lot (mostly Haskell, Ruby, and Java), I read a lot, I listen to audio books and watch video on demand.

All of this work flow (and fun flow :-) is better done on my iPad Pro rather than one of my laptops (Macbook Air, Linux, Windows), EXCEPT:

Programming on the iPad Pro is not good. I use the Prompt SSH/terminal application to SSH to one of my servers that I have set up for remote development.

Anyway, I now spend abut 1/2 of my time on the iPad Pro and the other 1/2 of my time on one of my laptops.
John Hopkin's might disagree:

http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/media/releases/newborns_...
Netflix's fight against VPNs begins, but it's doomed to fail
Reminds me of the old Netware servers we used to have running file services and print queues for a few computer labs at a University I worked at. Netware was really stable and we only restarted them when some of the hard disks in the raid array were dying.
I agree... if I see an `#if defined _WIN32` I know what I'm looking at, but this trick would be a complete surprise.
History has also shown that France gave up their bow technology to the Germans, hampering their bow tech progression (and ultimately harming fellow neighbors to boot).
Your opinion on the author has no bearing on the contents of the article, which i found well argued.
Tip: The website works better with JavaScript disabled. Occasionally you need to turn it on for some special graphics, but 99% of the time I'm happier without it.
I get a down vote because you got down voted by someone else? I don't think you get how the system works.
With unikernels you get a lot more consistency. E.g. I once saw a bug that came down to one server using reiserfs and another using ext2. But there's no way to have that problem with a unikernels.

But sure, you need a debugger. So you use one. I'm not sure why the author seems to think that's so hard.
But the entire point is that unikernels aren't like the Linux kernel, that there isn't a userspace/kernelspace boundary in the way that there is on Linux and other traditional OSes.

From the paper (http://unikernel.org/files/2013-asplos-mirage.pdf):

> We present unikernels, a new approach to deploying cloud services via applications written in high-level source code. Unikernels are single-purpose appliances that are compile-time specialised into standalone kernels, and sealed against modification when deployed to a cloud platform. In return they offer significant reduction in image sizes, improved efficiency and security, and should reduce operational costs. Our Mirage prototype compiles OCaml code into
unikernels that run on commodity clouds and offer an order of magnitude reduction in code size without significant performance penalty.

> An important decision is whether to support multiple languages within the same unikernel. [...] The alternative is to eschew source-level compatibility and
rewrite system components entirely in one language and specialise that toolchain as best as possible. [...] existing non-OCaml code can be encapsulated in separate VMs and communicated with via message-passing [...]

> We did explore applying unikernel techniques in the traditional systems language, C, linking application code with Xen MiniOS, a cut-down libc, OpenBSD versions of libm and printf, and the lwIP user-space network stack.

That is, there is absolutely a single language constraint, on purpose, as arguably the primary differentiation from non-unikernels.
for lead sheets it should be fine, for score reading you can always set things up so you have 2-3 lines of the score only and use a bite switch to flip forward (depending on your instrument you can also manage with a footswitch of course), but yeah, I agree that it looks a little bit cramped.

For larger there is also the samsung galaxy view (18") but it's been panned quite a bit in the reviews for its size so not sure how many other tablets would be available in that format.

An alternative would be getting a 21:9 1440p monitor and putting it on your music stand with attached some sort of mini-pc (intel nuc with displayport, say) but that would not be nearly as portable as an ipad, it would have very few compromises though and paradoxically not cost that much more than a fully loaded ipad pro (although you'd lose the pencil, but if money is no object you can always get a cintiq).

I remember many years ago (in the mid-late 80s maybe?) somebody coming out with an "electronic music stand" (monochromatic TFT LCD screen that was probably maybe 640x400 and 15"?) and it seemed so sci-fi at the time, amazing how many options we have now, will be even more fun once AR becomes good enough and you can have your AR music stand with you anywhere you go at the push of a button...
My ideas of basic income always end up with the first implementation of basic income to be an amount of money just barely above what is needed to keep an individual above poverty. We have to ease society into this transition, and just like we shouldn't give the BI in one lump yearly sum(especially since most basic income proposals include almost completely gutting other safety nets) we shouldn't make perverse incentives to collect additional BI by neglecting their children.

Maybe for the first 20 years of the program every child affords a parent some additional BI based on the child's age. Raising a child when health care is inexpensive(my vision of BI does include pretty much free health care), job's are optional, and schooling is free makes the most expensive times to be early in the child's life when they are constantly outgrowing their clothing and beds and using up diapers at an impressive rate.

Eventually the amount of BI awarded becomes sufficient for most family situations(Star Trek post-scarcity style) or other factors like perfect birth control allow us to remove the child BI bonus.
I played very little Go a very long time ago, so I don't know this: could there be any legal positions that aren't reachable by any legal moves?
Upgrading to Rails 5 Beta – The Hard Way
is it only "good guys"? I noticed several WOT names but only from the "light" side, no Forsaken (maybe harder to get last names) or Padan Fain.
Flint’s Water Crisis Is the Result of Years of Devastating Free-Market Reforms
He is most definitely not pro encryption. He is just against legal access by other agencies. He wants the NSA to have a backdoor into every possible crypto system and make them the organization every else has to come to for their data.
Java ArrayList in JavaScript
I want to understand better, but its difficult to find intermediate resources. Everything is either beginner stuff, or way to complex and over my head. (I am a back end dev, so generally don't have loads of time to spend on front end stuff).
> I only had the chance to review their personal websites or github profiles

> Many are not able [..] to explain why and how a clearfix works, or what ARIA roles are for

I don't understand what the author expected to learn by browsing someone's hobby projects/personal homepages, without seemingly engaging in a discussion with the person who wrote the code.
The service is currently free!

Further, we plan to always have a free tier (for Open Source projects, and for hobby / indie developers).

That said, we'll have a multi-tier pricing offering and plan to announce those specific in the next few months!
>"There are no processes, so of course there is no ps, no htop, no strace — but there is also no netstat, no tcpdump, no ping! And these are just the crude, decades-old tools."

So does this mean something like a Symbolics machine or an Oberon machine can't be debugged, or does this mean that the unikernel has to be debugged at a higher level by the application(s) it's dedicated to?
> The NSA wants to be able to easly read all traffic from everybody so they can figure out who the 'bad' people are, inside and outside of the country.

I actually don't think the NSA cares about reading traffic from everyone; they know who their targets are, and no amount of software can replace good old-fashioned investigation.

> The NSA is not actually primarly protecting the people, its protecting itself first, the government second and third, maybe the people a little bit.

The NSA is a government agency tasked with the mission of intelligence gathering outside the US. Intelligence is far more valuable when you know something and others don't. Any widely-applicable exploit of a crypto algorithm would also make it easier for other countries to break encryption. The NSA has a huge advantage over those other countries' spy agencies in the form of resources; so to protect their exclusive ability to break encryption with brute force, they need to make sure the algorithms are sufficiently strong.

It's about maintaining an exclusive capability that other countries don't have. A spy could leak information about how to exploit a crypto backdoor to other countries and render your advantage useless. A spy can leak your strategy (spend an epic fuck-ton of money on datacenters for brute forcing encryption) all they want, but that won't help your enemies break arbitrary crypto.
the former :) isn't the ability to make decisions, to steer and to lead a sort of freedom? it is to me. You're right though - I attended fi.co for example and they scare people away day 1 with the expectation that a business owner needs to bleed all of their lifeblood into the business.
TrumpScript: Making Python Great Again
Get Ready for a Smaller iPhone 6s Mini
In the eyes of the law, does a missing child automatically fulfill the "imminent danger" or "imminent destruction of evidence" parts of exigent circumstance? Or does there need to be some other evidence to support those reasons?

Further, does the law, as written, allow detainment of individuals while those reasons are decided?

Until someone can describe the legal link between the fact it's a missing child and the conclusion these are exigent circumstances from a legal perspective, I can only interpret the pointing out that it's a missing child as a plea to emotion at best and a thought terminating cliche at worst.
Just an FYI, Maxime is a boy's name. I'm guessing you saw the name at the top and assumed it was a girl.
> socialistic

Just characterizing someone's statement and then disagreeing with your characterization is an internal debate for you. If you have a respose to something I specifically said, that's valuable.

Also, it's sad that democracy is now seen as such a liberal idea that people call it socialism (though it's not that at all).
Weekly Top 10: From FinServ to Scaling
They're overwhelmingly argument by assertion. I'm not sure that counts as "well argued"?

Like the stuff at the end about STM and M:N scheduling. There are systems that use both to tremendous effect. Erlang only offers an M:N scheduling model, and it works extremely well for building the kinds of systems Erlang was built for.
> replace 'millennial' with 'people younger and more attractive than I am'.

... which in my case could then just be shortened to "human".
The Room
Why I Challenged My Kids to Start Companies Before College
as a benchmark it seems would be interesting to port this to java/scala and running it on a spark cluster, since it's map-reduce from the post (didn't look at the code) it should be possible I would think
Half of Europe? Probably not.
This. Containers are not ready for production, except for fault-tolerant/distributed payloads. You can't even live migrate them to another host, and CRIU is nowhere near production ready (assuming it ever will be).

Everything else? VMs it is. The overhead is so low nowadays that it's totally irrelevant for the vast majority of use cases.
What year ranges are we talking about? Millennials are themselves sometimes called the "Net Generation".
Yeah, I ended up adding a Google Keep entry.

This definitely seems like the case where collecting email would be appropriate - "Enter your email here to be reminded on the 28th", etc.
Thanks for a very well thought out reply.

> By contrast, wind, solar, and hydroelectric power are rather simpler, and even geothermal is fairly straightforward.

My understanding is scaling these technologies is where the complexity may lie, and that it would so extremely difficult to support the growing energy needs of the world's population using these technologies that they aren't really even an option. I'd like to be wrong. Am I?
Just because something is in vogue doesn't mean it is the right answer in the long term. Their mission is NOT about generating more pageviews in the short term to rack up ad revenue but stick to being a reliable source of information. Outlets like Buzzfeed have their own place but that doesn't mean New York Times need to "adapt" to become one of those. That's the worst decision they can make. People who go to New York Times are not there because they're bored and want to read the next "what sex and the city character are you?". They are there because they want to stay on top of only what matters today, which means not everyone will appreciate it if the front page is an infinite scroll page of links. Also your opinion about their font is your opinion. I am fond of it. Lastly, there are tons of articles with embedded media, here's one: http://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/20/nyregion/bronx-school-embr...
I started using them for my apps not too long ago. I sent them some feedback and they are sending me a Starbucks gift card. Pretty good for a free service. https://twitter.com/andytriboletti/status/690604902314315776
I remember someone on here scoffing at Googles main page on an article on design. It seemed to have bypassed him that it was designed for usability not shiny-shiny design.
From TFA: "At best, unikernels amount to security theater, and at worst, a security nightmare."

As a security engineer, that's a good one sentence summary from my point of view of unikernels, since, forever.

I think the reason why unikernels are being developed is due mostly to ignorance, and if any of them is successful, it will morph into an OS that is closer to Mesos, Singularity, or even Plan9. That's faster, safer, more logical, etc.
>What if cloud providers offered secure containers on bare metal, under a shared OS kernel?

Then they're offering a very similar thing. And the questions then are things like:

What should the interface between contained and outside look like?

Is there value in running a traditional unix userland inside the container?

What kind of code do we want to run inside the container?

IMO the unikernel answers to these questions are better. The Unix userland is an accident of history; if unikernels had come first we wouldn't even think of it.
The title says "C/C++", but the sample code is C++, and I can't find any mention of support for "inline namespace" in C. Are there C compilers that support it as an extension?
I think you are confusing specification with implementation. The C++ standard does not outline how a compiler implements a feature, just how it should behave to match the standard. There are several compilers that 100% adhere to the full standard, including the guarantees specified by the standard in the form of memory and time complexity (optimization).
> has stuck to two relatively low-clocked cores to deliver balanced performance.

In the article it mentions how the clock speed in the ipad pro has increased substantially.
I don't understand why they don't include a gallery on the website :/
I'm not likely to run a unikernel anytime soon, but I wanted to respond to this:

> And as shaky as they may be, these arguments are further undermined by the fact that unikernels very much rely on hardware virtualization to achieve any multi-tenancy whatsoever.

Multi-tenancy is needed in some cases, but I don't need it, we use the whole machine, and other than the one process that does all the work, we only have some related processes for async gethost, monitoring/system stats processes, ntpd, sshd, getty.
When your job becomes something useless you do because you want the money you get super unmotivated, to say the least.

An painter spends 18 months creating a great work of art, one of his best. After he is finished, a guy buys it for a large sum of money and promptly burns it. How does the artist feel? Is he going to be motivated to spend another 18 months on his next idea, even though his previous idea was a financial success?
In Davos, experts predict Uber-like disruption in other industries
Toronto man found not guilty in Twitter harassment trial
There is an important lesson to be learned from each generation of digital disruption. Like Airbnb, the leading search engine Google, leading social network Facebook, and leading video platform YouTube have limited competition, making platforms a high-stakes, winner-takes-all game. Every company facing digital transformation runs the risk of losing relevance and becoming redundant in a future consolidated by platforms.
No, since you can just turn it off or prepend all your commands with a space to hide them.
At work we needed a "clean" dataset for a five-character code. We wanted it to be something you could say out loud, e.g. "Hey, are you working on FORKS?" "No, I'm working on CHUCK", so random wasn't an option, and we were afraid an algorithm, like "consonant-vowel-consonant..." would randomly generate naughty words.

We ended up using our customers' first names and it was a disaster. We had all kinds of joke entries put in, like "JERK"... My favorite customer name was "POOP LENGTH". lol. /facepalm.

Anyway, so in this multimillion dollar enterprise application we're showing "POOP" to the whole company.

At least it was an intra-enterprise-only app.
Basically anyone at or near profitability can weather most storms
Maybe the commenter can return and correct me, but parent comment was roughly something conflating the universe-is-a-simulation hypothesis with division by two versus division by other quantities. The latter being computationally intensive, and the former being ~~"built into the universe"
Nice job Founders Fund being in SpaceX, Palantir, Spotify, AirBnB & Lyft.
A graphical sandbox for K
Nevada solar industry collapses after state lets power company raise fees
Well, we care deeply about customer experience.. and we're happy to buy our users coffee when they take the time to send us feedback!
What are the best books about the 2000 dot-com bubble?
Just fyi, everyone who has been on the internet in the past year has heard about poo transplants. We can stop with the breathless "I kid you not" at this point, it's a known thing.
Selenium provides this capability with a tool that records where you click on your website and then it records that as a macro which acts as an automated test.

However, the issues remain the same as with any other ABT test. An async element might take a while to load due to latency, and isn't there by the time your test says to click a button, or browsers were updated and now render your CSS just differently enough to break the test.

Perhaps part of the challenge is there are so many things that can change and break the tests outside of the actual code.
Gag me with a spoon!
Gnome's development is mainly driven by RedHat's needs nowadays. It shows.
See also: http://opencuny.org/laurenspradlin/the-morphophonology-of-to...

The presentation is really good: http://opencuny.org/laurenspradlin/files/2016/01/Totes-LSA-S...

This is really interesting too, from the same author: http://opencuny.org/laurenspradlin/class/ It's basically a phonology version of the card game Set.
Just because some concrete system call interface is missing doesn't mean you can't glue layers of code together from different languages, that's some logical jump I don't understand.

The single language constraint you're continuing to claim exists is addressed by their own blog posts: https://mirage.io/blog/modular-foreign-function-bindings . After reading this, I can see approximately 50 lines code that would let me run a Python interpreter (another mostly memory-safe language, btw) within the unikernel, assuming enough of the Unix syscall interface was already implemented in shims back into OCaml land, something I presume will likely be released in the coming months in preparation for making their stuff useful to the general public.
Another poster suggested Zenefits would be hit hardest as many small/growing businesses fail and most will slow growth. On the flip side, maybe they've reached a sufficient size/revenue that they can "weather the storm".
As someone else also commented, use a remote Linux server for casual development on the iPad Pro. Using Prompt for SSH+terminal, I find it convenient enough to code if I can do everything in emacs (e.g., small Haskell or Ruby projects). Fortunately, I have huge hands (I am 6'4" tall) so using the onscreen virtual keyboard while holding the iPad Pro works well for me.

I find doing development on remote servers to be peaceful in an odd way. For example, if I need to do a fresh Haskell stack build on a large project: if I do this build on my local laptop I get impatient but on a remote server, I fire off a build and swipe to another application on the iPad.
A Bare Metal Configuration Service for CoreOS Linux
Sure. Unikernels are just a way to a) use an extremely restricted system call API to enforce separation between processes b) have my processes be VMs for memory-safe languages for safety c) not implement a user/kernel mode distinction within a single application because it's just overhead at that point.
I wouldn't dismiss a candidate for not knowing how a clearfix works. What's important is they understand positioning and layout and how things tend to fit together. I'd reasonably be able to extract this information from them. Asking about clearfixes is one of many ways I'd go about picking their brain.

What I would dismiss them for, however, is the cocky attitude that they never need to bother learning any "old, bad practices." I'd dismiss them for thinking they are "above" working for a company that supports technology that was released just 4 years ago. Further, I'd dismiss them for the attitude that their solution solves all the problems without considering potential drawbacks. These are all huge red flags that show they may technically be knowledgable, but are very difficult to work with. Not someone I want on my team.
dupe: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10924416
Try smartd[1], which can be set to run a SMART self-test at regular intervals. Presumably the hard drive won't last as long, but you'll probably get a warning before it fails.

[1] https://www.smartmontools.org/browser/trunk/smartmontools/sm...
The Tragic Fate of People Who Stop Sleeping