skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Because in path tracing, when you have many lights, you don't want to be sampling each light each bounce - that just doesn't scale due to the explosion in number of rays you have to send to test occlusion. The whole point of path tracing (generally anyway, and especially for games I would have thought) is each progression gives fast updates, but with not necessarily great results quality (which you make up for by averaging loads of progressions). If you sample each light each ray bounce/progression you'll get much better results, but it will be much slower.

So you randomly sample/pick one, or a few (maybe vary it based on the current ray importance or throughput) to test.

So given that you can't sample all lights (efficiently anyway), you have to try and efficiently cull/find lights which are visible to the surface being shaded/lit. Because otherwise you might be sending test occlusion rays to lights that wouldn't even contribute anything even if they weren't occluded.

It's close to impossible to do this perfectly (in an unbiased way, anyway), and even if you do a pretty good job, it's extra computation, and the fact that certain lights are sometimes occluded significantly adds noise to the lighting.
Brain Based Learning and Neuroscience – What the Research Says
"Additionally, if the company gets funded, the very first thing that will happen is you will be fired or otherwise relieved of your position and they will hire an experienced CTO who will be paid a lot of money. This is the smart money move for them and a pat on the back for a job well done is all you will be likely to get."

If that was the situation (and I agree, potentially likely) - but yet still an option for him, I would have him attempt to write in to the contract that on funding, he would be back paid $x, up to a full amount or some portion thereof that he would have earned...
I'd hardly call slack the epitome of usability. It guzzles memory, is laggy on my workstation (Xeon cpu lots of ram and a high end gaming gpu), their search functionality is abysmal too. I quite like slack, but I really wish they would consider a native app, or even just address the performance problems of their chat client.
Hey everyone, I'm Sam and I work on the OpenBazaar project. Happy to answer questions if anyone has them. Looks like their site is down, here's a simple overview:

https://blog.openbazaar.org/what-is-openbazaar/

We're getting close to launch and we'd love as many eyes on the code as possible.

Here's our backend, built in Python:

https://github.com/OpenBazaar/OpenBazaar-Server

And our client:

https://github.com/OpenBazaar/OpenBazaar-Client

If you want to try it yourself I recommend you join our Slack and ask for help. We're building installers and packages now but I'm sure most people here could handle the manual installation process if they're curious. You can invite yourself to the Slack here:

https://openbazaar-slackin-drwasho.herokuapp.com/

Cheers!
Not to mention the east coast response to "the homeless are sleeping in our parks!" isn't "remove all park benches throughout the city".

Having lived in NYC and SF, I find that California's claim to being a liberal bastion isn't nearly as strong as reputed, and that the overall tenor of its social liberalism is fairly superficial.
It's really frustrating to see China and India constantly discussed as if they were a single unit, particularly when it comes to economics.

Aside from the fact that they are (a) both very large, and (b) both rapidly developing countries/economies, China and India share very little in common.

There are challenges to investing in either China or India, but the reasons behind those challenges are about as different as you can get. The underlying issues in the two countries are dramatically different.
The R9 Nano will fit into an SFF. The rest is obviously true.
Life in a Container: AppScale in Docker
The Chinese are expatriating plenty of money; just ask anyone trying to buy a single family home on the US and Canada west coast.

See http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/29/business/international/chi... and its discussion https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10645768
Brief history of programming languages
This is a startup opportunity and can be solved through UX and richer moderation tools. UX influences user behavior. One small example, a richer moderation system that captures -1 because violation of HN guideline #6 "avoid introducing classic flamewar topics unless you have something genuinely new to say about them could short circuit entire flamewar threads. I think a psychologist could probably build the right UX to get top 1% expertise to generate incredible discussions reliably and funnel the 99% peanut gallery off to the side where they can happily contribute too. I would have liked to see reddit build this but they have had years and years to do something interesting, i guess they are too big to innovate now
Yep. I just ran across one of those .rars the other day and was surprised that it wouldn't decompress properly. Then I realized I hadn't tried to unzip one of those on that particular computer in a long time and my version of 7zip was just really out of date. Updated to the current version and it worked fine.
The early leaders of the United States originally wanted the rights due them as British subjects. It turned into a full revolution later.
Seems a little weird to avoid 90% of the country for this reason. Why not just ask at the beginning of the interview process? Do you know of cases where a company has lied about their policy until after the candidate has quit their old job?
Doubtful about the top market; China has a 20 year deflationary depression ahead of them.

1-2% gdp growth http://www.barrons.com/articles/anne-stevenson-yang-why-xi-j...

280% gdp/debt ratio http://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2015/05/09/chinas-tota...

bankrupt shadow banks
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/06cc9b9c-44c4-11e5-b3b2-1672f71080...

bankrupt state commodity firms http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-14/the-next-c...

only a trillion reserve left http://www.businessinsider.com/china-burned-through-108b-in-...

$850 Billion Left China So Far This Year
http://www.theepochtimes.com/n3/1882874-as-much-as-850b-left...

Manufacturing moving out of China
http://www.forbes.com/sites/kenrapoza/2015/10/11/is-the-made...

Coupled with China's lack of global consumer brands, corruption, pollution, demographics issues, global slowdown, carry trade unwind, rising US interest rates...you get the idea
Delayed response - My main uses are simple things like asking about the weather (current and future), listening to the flash briefing and asking random things while watching TV, asking what's on the family calendar. Had it hooked up to a smartthings hub for a bit, which worked, but the smartthings platform has issues so I've abandoned the idea of smart home control. Will buy a Philips Hue system in the next few weeks.

My wife, who hates gadgets in general, likes it in the kitchen to add stuff to her shopping list while cooking (with messy hands). In the store she opens the echo app and checks off everything on the list. It seems like a silly thing, but she thinks it's terrific and it has saved us many useless return trips to the store. She also loves the option to play music (again, for the same reason, messy hands or just busy).

My 7yo uses it for music, to get the answers to trivia and interact with a few 'skills' I've enabled (guess the animal, etc). She also "plays with Alexa" when friends come over (they take turns requesting songs and dancing)

The echo is not ideal, especially in terms of underlying knowledge base, integration with other Amazon devices (we have two firetv boxes, amazon owns IMDB, mysteriously neither are well-supported or integrated) and the "skills" approach is cumbersome (should have used an "intent" approach instead of "ask {skill}"), but voice recognition is better than anything I've used and it works for everyone in the family without training, as well as random guests, including kids.

PS I signed up early and bought it for $99, a second one was requested, but I feel the regular price of $179 is too high with the current feature set.

Note: It does NOT (yet) allow handsfree calling. I wish it did.
> I think perhaps anyone who is opining on how easy this should be should also mention whether or not they've tried to convert an application or a network device to IPv6 or not

Yes, to the former, only device updates I've done was for a proprietary appliance and that was mainly get new Linux kernel built and then upgrade software. I have not had to deal with silicon level stuff.

I updated various proprietary applications over the course of a week to bind and function over IPv6. Logging was an issue with the new addresses since assumptions were made about IP length, but those were quickly fixed.

Clients that were using old functions instead of getaddrinfo() were easily updated, and in general my experience is that clients don't really care so much about what IP version they use to connect. Once again logging functions assumed that IP's were only IPv4 structs, so some changes and they could log either one.

Overall the transition was simple, the applications already supported binding to multiple addresses, so having it be dual stack ready (binding both IPv4 and IPv6 was simple), and those that didn't took a little longer but ultimately wasn't that much more difficult to get them upgraded.

I pay my network vendors to get me the latest standards, getting all of this right on their end may have been a lot of work, but ultimately that is a one-time cost of doing business, and in most cases I am paying for them to support my use cases.
I think, 'transparency' in this sense might be more akin to 'predictability'. If you can count on the big players to act a certain way, even if that's the most evil thing possible, you can make a decision with confidence. if they're out there doing random stuff all the time, it's really tough to say, 'this is the right choice'.

I just finished Too Big to Fail by Sorkin. From that point of view, everyone was facing something that had never happened before, so it's hard to be predictable in that case. One day, they push J.P. Morgan to buy Bear Sterns. One day they let Lehman Brothers die. One day they nationalize the banks. It was just all over the map. On the other hand, they were facing something new, never really thought about before. It's hard to have policy for rare events, so they just kind of tried stuff and iterated on what worked.

It's kind of a testament to the quality of the US market that you can say for sure, 'i don't want any of that', because of a specific reason. That's very different, and far more valuable than 'i don't want any of that because it's incomprehensible'.
Hopefully the interaction works a little better now than the last multi-language project I worked on... wanted to do XML processing in VB because of the native syntax support, but interacting with the rest of the codebase in C# became such of a disconnect (changes in VB weren't seen in C# until rebuild), it was all converted to C#.
You were an intern there and there were no other engineers? Was it a paid internship or were you their free engineering labor? Now you are going to graduate and get a real job. Their free technical labor is leaving so they offer you a CTO position for no pay until funding? You are most likely getting screwed.

If for some reason you really believe in this company and team and are willing to go without pay, you need to be a cofounder with 10-20+ percent of the company (depending on the number of founders). You are the only technical person and they need you enough to make you CTO.

Anything less and you should run. If they do get funding, as others have said, expect to be replaced, possibly prior to vesting whatever stock you did get. You need a large percent ownership and a single trigger acceleration clause in your contract so you get your stock when they fire you for no reason. [1] Even then you can get diluted to nothing, but with a large percent ownership and accelerated vesting it will be more challenging.

You better really trust these people, believe in the mission, and get a large percent ownership with the right contract. Any hiccups or hesitation from them and you should walk, unless you want to learn first hand the dark side of startup bullshit where you gamble with no pay to make other people rich.

[1] https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-difference-between-single-...
I've never seen that before. Thanks for pointing to the revision. Very cool.
The current government doesn't want to lose the Mandate of Heaven: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandate_of_Heaven

They know their history.
isis is who we have to thank for $32 oil? we should all send a card.
I have all of those, but it really doesn't compare. Echo does an amazing job recognizing every voice (without training) from a great distance.
Off the top of my head:

- CTE's
- Arrays/JSON type
- partial indexes
- transactional DDL
- NOTIFY
- Materialized views
- Schemas
- PostGIS
- Row level security (which is new in PG)
I feel like it wasn't intended. I'm honestly not sure when we arrived at HN users calling societies outside of California "stodgy."
I will do well to bring you more stories. You can help vote for this and also share it with your network.
For sure. It's become a lot slower, the targeted ads are slightly unpleasant, and they really try and push their premium offering... Id love an open source alternative, but the problem is the food database (imho)
Lorem Ipsum is based on that passage, but has been mangled significantly in the adaptation. "Lorem" is half of the word "dolorem", for instance. So it can't actually be translated in any real sense.

Instead, if you try translating that passage from Latin, Google Translate goes nuts. Since "Lorem Ipsum" is used as filler text in a bunch of web sites, it finds apparently parallel texts all over the place and ends up cobbling together a "translation" out of random phrases. IIRC, "lorem ipsum" alone used to translate to something like "click here"? (It's passed through unchanged now.)
Good point, but it's not that simple. There are simply too many factors in play when it comes to the Middle East.
Just wanted to see a few. R has such a strong Fortran code base that I knew that they needed to be in R somewhere.

Molecular Dynamic - https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/bio3d/index.html

computational fluid dynamics - http://search.r-project.org/library/rjacobi/html/xinterp.htm...

finite element method - https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/RTriangle/RTriangle....

Poisson - https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/isotone/isotone.pdf
The story of the Enigma is quite complex. But by 1941 the Allies knew how the machine worked (there were commercial Enigmas sold before the war). The Naval Enigma was somewhat more secure (more rotors to choose from) and obtaining the daily setting book would be the most important thing, not the machine itself.

Polish mathematicians broke the early Enigma in the late 1930s (http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/virtualbp/poles/poles.htm), they passed their information to the British in 1939 and that was used as a starting point of the work at Blechley Park.

If you are interested in the details, check out the book "The Hut 6 Story" by Gordon Welchman. He was a peer of Turing who worked on the Army and Air Force Enigma, while Turing worked on the Naval version.

Of course Turing's biography by Andrew Hodges also has a lot of details how the Engima was broken.
I does include India. I just signed up, and started streaming my first flick.

starting at $7.5/month (500 INR) with a first month free trial.
Cohen and Navin made a deal with the MPAA to remove links to illegal content on the official BitTorrent website which opened the door for 3rd party tracker sites like the piratebay to do so.

I imagine this will happen with OB the official app will be crippled by lawsuits but of course this all depends what they have told each other in private unencrypted emails and the dev mailing list. There's already a thread where Patterson advocates to recommend suggesting that developers talking about OpenBazaar with the public cite example products that are “illicit but socially acceptable" such as Fireworks and Radar Detectors. “Stuff that people wouldn’t disagree with but is technically illegal to sell because of stupid laws.” Seems nobody has learned from the Megaupload case how you can talk yourself into problems with overzealous prosecutors.
Works with the radare2 [1] perfectly (low-level) and MISP [2] (higher level). See examples of such integration on those asciinemas: https://asciinema.org/a/28844 (including related videos)

[1] Reverse Engineering framework - http://rada.re

[2] Malware Intelligence Sharing Platform http://www.misp-project.org/
I was really hoping to find a reference to Jaynes' "Probability Theory: The Logic of Science" at the end of the paper, but alas it wasn't there. Chapter 5 is probably the most relevant part (feel free to read just the text, and ignore or skim the mathematical equations):

http://www-biba.inrialpes.fr/Jaynes/cc05e.pdf

"...it might be thought (and for some it is an article of faith in democracy) that open discussion of public issues would tend to bring about a general consensus on them. On the contrary , we observe repeatedly that when some controversial issue has been discussed vigorously for a few years, society becomes polarized in to opposite extreme camps; it is almost impossible to find anyone who
retains a moderate view.

New information given simultaneously to different people may cause a convergence of views; but it may equally well cause a divergence. This divergence phenomenon is observed also in relatively well controlled psychological experiments. Some have concluded that people reason in a
basically irrational way; prejudices seem to be strengthened by new information which ought to have the opposite effect. Kahneman & Tversky (1972) draw the
opposite conclusion from such psychological tests, and consider them an argument against Bayesian methods. But now, in view of the above ESP example, we wonder whether probability theory might also account for this divergence and indicate that people may be, after all, thinking in a reasonably rational, Bayesian way (i.e., in a way consistent with their prior information and prior beliefs)."

"...verbally, they have reasoned as follows:

A: "Mr. N is a fine fellow, doing a notable public service. I had thought the drug to be safe from other evidence, but he would not knowingly misrepresent the facts; therefore hearing his report leads me to change my mind and think that the drug is unsafe after all. My belief in safety is lowered by 20.0 db, so I will not buy any more."

B: "Mr. N is an erratic fellow, inclined to accept adverse evidence too quickly. I was already convinced that the drug is unsafe; but even if it is safe he might be carried away into saying otherwise. So hearing his claim does strengthen
my opinion, but only by 5.3 db. I would never under any circumstances use the drug."

C: "Mr. N is an unscrupulous rascal, who does everything in his power to stir up trouble by sensational publicity. The drug is probably safe, but he would almost certainly claim it is unsafe whatever the facts. So hearing his claim has practically no effect (only 0.005 db) on m y confidence that the drug is safe. I will continue to buy it and use it."

The opinions of Mr. A and Mr. B converge in about the way we conjectured in (5-20) because both are willing to trust Mr. N's veracity to some extent. But Mr. A and Mr. C diverge because their prior probabilities of deception are entirely different. So one cause of divergence is, not merely that prior probabilities of deception are large, but that they are greatly different for different people."
I personally turn off the actual bar because I have a lot of pinned icons and I'm already used to hitting the Windows key to type a search query anyway.

But at least as far as regular old Win-key search, you can definitely change a setting to only include local results. I tend to do it simply because I'm in the habit of typing to search local files in the Windows/Start menu and doing web searches via the browser. Web results in my Start/Win searches would just clutter up results so I've been disabling them since Win8.

Not sure if this extends to the search bar in the taskbar but I'm reasonably sure they're the same thing with a different location/interface. I'll have to enable the search bar to check for sure though.
Show HN: Sparkyfish – a speed test client+server for the console
Do you know where this graph appeared on Bloomberg? According to the Shanghai Stock Exchange website (http://english.sse.com.cn/), they're Average P/E Ratio is currently 15.62...

Edit: Found it myself: http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-06-16/real-cost-...
For which the Principle Of Charity was created:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle_of_charity
Probably a Raspberry Pi.
What are the other stipulations? Can she be invited to multiple parties by the same person? Can more than one person invite her to the same party? Does she need to be invited by a friend? Can she still have friends if X is zero?

The question as stated is a bit vague.
Show HN: Assertions and utils for testing React Components
This is, in fact, really cool. Asking as someone who's relatively unfamiliar with .NET - what are the most significant differences between compile --native and ngen.exe?

If I understand ngen correctly, it only compiles to native code at install time - meaning that the assembly and its IL code needs to be included. Is this correct, and are there other key differences that I've missed?
> I do feel that the replication/failover story needs a lot of work, but there's been some progress towards getting it in the box. Even digging into any kind of HA strategy is cumbersome to say the least (short of a 5-6 figure support contract)

Eeeh...a simple HA solution can be developed in about a week (I was able to do so on 9.3, and so far, it held it's ground). Also, now with 9.5's pg_rewind you can easily switch back and forth between nodes (http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.5/static/app-pgrewind.html), simplifying things a great deal. Can't imagine that's 5-6 figures.

I agree that you don't get a Plug&Play-Solution out of the box, but from anecdotal evidence they often don't quite work as advertised anyway (remember 1995? And I'm sure your friendly DBA has some stories to share as well).
Hello, Hacker News!

Author here. I'm super glad to share something that we have been working on during the past couple of days. A bridge that connects the chai.js assertion library and enzyme - airbnb's library
for testing React components in isolation and in integration.

A little bit of background - we developed a project that was very similar to enzyme, focusing on encapsulating the differences between React's shallow rendering and mounting into the DOM (jsdom).
However, once enzyme came out, we decided to stop investing in it and instead migrate to enzyme.

I'm personally a bit surprised that people don't define many custom assertions in their projects, while IMO they should. There are a number of great benefits such as better exception messages
better diffs, DRY etc. I'm also a chai.js maintainer, and I would love to know if you have custom assertions in your project. If so - what can we improve there, and if not - how we can
make it easier for you to start utilizing this ability.

The assertions is just the first piece that we are open sourcing. We have an internal lib for creating factories (ala factory girl) coming out next and more that we'll be trying to get out in
the next couple of months.

So please hare your experience with testing your frontend. What are you using? What are the biggest issues you are facing? What do you want to see improved?
Geologists Found a Rock That's 'Older Than Earth'
As for Twitter?
convright/tne
NYTimes OCR doesn't autocorrect :)
I mean, you could say the same thing every year for any ruling party for the past millenium. I'm not convinced it's at all relevant to the conversation any more than any government beholden to its people.
Notifications Suck