skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Regarding the comments on the OP site

" D is the first example to have array slices that I can think, of so this might be slightly a-historical."

No, D wasn't the first one.

There were already systems programming languages with proper string types with the same age or older than C.

Usually there was a clear distinction between array of characters and strings, both in any case safer than C's approach.
Mom and pop investors should not be buying single-name stocks. Leave that to the pros. (It would probably be beneficial for small investors for it to be illegal, but that would look like rigging things in favour of the big players, so it's politically impossible)
I seem to remember BSTR in COM is similar to this.
Totally agreed, there's certainly a place for tools that don't need DevOps skills, and many places - typically PaaS - that take care of this.

However many developers wish to have more control over their environment than what a PaaS provides, and a lot of the tools they'd use for that - Ansible, Docker, etc - require basic DevOps skills.

[replying from old account due to rate limit]
Author here. This was fun to make, although I'm sure this algorithm is absolutely nothing new.

An implementation of this for rendering tables as rst-style ascii is available here: https://github.com/Snaipe/table2ascii

As always, suggestions are welcome.
I've always been a fan of HSAs + HDHP w/ extremely good coverage (no lifetime limits, etc.) beyond the self-insured amount. (Keep preventive care, birth control, etc. in the exempt amount, too, and especially public health stuff like vaccinations, since it reduces overall cost.)

I currently have an HRA (essentially a non-accruable form of HSA) through employer; it gets the incentives wrong so there's every incentive to use as much care as possible (slightly more convenient providers who charge 5x as much to the plan; as much care as possible).

I still have some hope ACA 2.0 could include:

0) Transparent pricing and mandate that anyone prepaying cash gets the medicare price. Maybe medicare prices have to rise.

1) Catastrophic/HDHP being encouraged for everyone. Potentially, subsidized for some income levels (i.e. money goes directly into your HSA, and HDHP premiums can be reduced.) I'd prefer if those premiums be market-based and then explicitly subsidized.

2) End employer deductibility for health insurance (over, say, 5-10y window); make it deductible, if at all, for individuals only. Employers for many many reasons should have nothing to do with health care -- privacy, portability, etc.

3) Pressure to reduce actual costs of health care delivery. End the AMA cartel's reign on care -- there is a LOT of care where 5% of the cost could produce a 90% as good solution, and people should be free to choose that if there are no negative externalities. Really, only antibiotics and contagious disease should have enforced minimum standards which can't be deviated from even w/ informed consent. This is especially meaningful for terminal or end of life care.

4) Any subsidies come from general tax and not from adjusting the underwriting (which is essentially a tax on people buying certain classes of health plan only, to cover others)

5) All government plans, except deployed active-duty military ONLY (i.e. care in war zones), go via this plan; end the VA and tricare. Provide superior care to gov/mil people by making this overall plan better, and for everyone. The President can have a personal doctor for COG reasons, but all other senior government people go through the plan, too.

6) Potentially fold medicare/medicaid into this as well.

7) Explore single-payer

8) Relatively unlimited access to medication (certainly imports from overseas), outside of antibiotics. If there is patent protection, shorten term. Reduce trials costs (safety must be shown, but not efficacy) -- efficacy and superiority can be decided by informed consumers, who may not be individuals, but could be insurers or other groups.
I'd like to believe this article, and in fact strive myself to reduce my working hours one day and have more time for all that other good stuff the article mentions. Shorter weeks could bring a lot of benefits with them to those who can enjoy them. Some problems I have with the article however:

1. Working less may well not result in getting more (or the same amount) done. The article mentions a correlation between shorter working hours and higher productivity. As always, correlation does not equal causation. Most likely those countries with shorter work weeks are developed countries which have higher output per capita than less developed ones not because working 40 hours a weeks is more productive than working 80, but that utilising a higher level of technology gives superior output.

2. The idea that because the Dutch apparently spend all their free time riding around on bikes means the brits would if given more free time is a joke. We'd spend it doing the things we enjoy (damaging our livers?), not suddenly become some imagined healthier happier version of ourselves.

All in all a pretty poor article I think as a result of the above isssues.
>it might also just be political play to get some douchebag rightwing parties over the line

Who is the real "douchebag" in that case?
Hooray for private equity, the vultures of capitalism.
That is correct. Banks and credit card companies merchandise this information to their partners, which leads to this kind of thing. Check your cards' terms of services if you want to be somewhat horrified.
> 3) Immutable (can be passed around like values)

> I don't know any good reason to deviate from these rules. Even systems languages would do well to follow them, IMO.

Systems-languages are used for things like OS kernels and god knows what where other equally important rules apply:

1. being able to manipulate things directly, in place, without having to allocate additional memory (i.e. creating a new copy)

2. efficiency may be more crucial than type-system guaranteed safety.

Not saying I disagree with your general position, I'm just open to the fact that there's always valid exceptions to any rules.
Except even there, there were computers using safer system programming languages in the 60's where a modern 8 bit microcontroller would seem like a workstation in those days.
C strings may well have made sense for the time. The point is they don't do now. I don't blame the people who created C, I blame the people who continue to use it today.
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Sure! They are no longer called shareware though.
It's a small point, but actually Jaycar only keep semis, LEDs and similar parts behind the counter. Resistors are on tape in groups of 8 with cardboard or plastic envelopes, and capacitors are free floating. I believe Jaycar selling all sorts of other rubbish helps them keep their component side going, plus besides Aztronics they're generally the only bet for people off the street to get parts these days.

I remember buying parts from DSE back up to when they moved out of this market, and managed to score a bunch of stuff cheap. It's a sad day for the company, although ironically the maker and DIY electronics scene seems stronger today than ever. Too bad they never worked out a way of capitalising on it.
They have something interesting in Switzerland, called Eigenmietwert (https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eigenmietwert). Alas, no English Wikipedia article.

The idea is like that: on the one hand renters pay rent with post-tax money. But owners pay mortgages with pre-tax money. To equalize the two situations, owners-occupiers get taxed on the virtual income they are at once producing and consuming---ie they are taxed as if they were renting to themselves.
HSBC's Online Banking Is Down
Noticed HSBC's online banking is down. Any ideas if this is linked to a ddos or are they going to hide behind a "technical issue"?
And that is why sane system programming languages like Burroughs Algol, Mesa, Modula-2, Modula-3, Ada, .... provide escape hatches for the few uses where breaking the rules is really required.

But, importantly, they don't do it by default as C does.
I meant that facebook is a website which is designed to identify people, so tor and facebook are basically opposite things.
Unless you're on a laptop and need the touchpad to work correctly (including gestures, palm rejection, etc.).
I don't find it that implausible that the cost of preserving that history would have been higher than the value of doing so. (In Linux' case it would probably have meant writing an exporter for BitKeeper, which would have had to be done through reverse-engineering so as not to violate the license)
It makes sense if you want to load balance or port forward or anything similar.
> The article mentions a correlation between shorter working hours and higher productivity. As always, correlation does not equal causation. Most likely those countries with shorter work weeks are developed countries which have higher output per capita than less developed ones not because working 40 hours a weeks is more productive than working 80, but that utilising a higher level of technology gives superior output.

The article is comparing the UK (long working hours, terrible productivity) with Germany (short working hours, very much better productivity).

It's unlikely that there's much difference in the technology available. And they both surely know about all the modern methods of organising a workplace.

I mostly agree with point 2, but

> We'd spend it doing the things we enjoy (damaging our livers?)

Maybe the reason so many british people drink too much is because they're working too much, and they're (mis)using alcohol to wind down.
> I don't blame the people who created C, I blame the people who continue to use it today.

that's pretty harsh, and far-reaching. is it really justified to paint _everything_ with that brush ?
That was always a JVM specific behavior.

Like C, any dev that makes language assumptions based on the installed compiler, is bound to get burned.
And rust's substrings ("string slices") don't copy either. The borrow checker adds safe liveness checking too.
> We need to stop labeling the first of these persons as "successful" and second one as a "failure"

It's not about judging employees from a moral standpoint, but getting the most skill and involvement going into your project/company. So, one of the questions would be: does 20h/wk + 20h/wk = 40h/wk skills+involvement, ie. is it linear? Wouldn't 20h/wk jobs be limited to inherently part-time, low importance tasks--which means you got to have plenty of funds to staff for them in the 1st place?
It is important. Testing was not unknown at the time, and there are still people keeping commented out code around even today.
I know this isn't mature but I keep seeing penises
But you start with a constant cost of 8 bits.

For 255 characters you lose 9.4 bits which is bigger than the cost of an 8 bit size field.

For 65535 characters you lose 378 bits which is much bigger than the cost of a 16 bit size field.

On the other hand you have only one string type for arbitrarily sized strings and most strings are short.

What would really be needed to be more space efficient for short and long strings is a size field with a variable length encoding. E.g. 1 byte for string lengths up to 64, 2 bytes for string lengths up to 8k, etc.
Can you elaborate? two deaths in the same family for negligence with no recourse to get compensation sounds sounds wrong.
From the blog post the developer's to be based in the UK.
Debating the size of the size field is a folly: It's a struct with one char pointer, and a length field. For alignment / padding reasons, the length field with use the size of a pointer anyway, so `size_t` is entirely appropriate (and never too small).
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Because for some people it looks better that way. For simple statements, I often find placing braces on their own lines introduces too much of free space. With a few things nested it often looks as if there were more braces than the code itself. And also, I like to group some statements together (by not having free space between them) and suddenly having to separate them by a free-standing brace breaks it. Of course all of this is just a matter of taste.
Absolutely gorgeous! :D

A while back it occurred to me that its easy to combine distance-estimated (DE) fractal rendering with conventional 3D models.

Imagine how cool it would be flying around this kind of alien-city-scape in real-time in your browser, shooting at monsters!

I found that right now, only simple tunnels render at good-enough speed to be combined with classic 3D models and DE-based collision detection. My Ludum Dare game entry based on it:

http://williame.github.io/LD/33/index.html

The future will bring fast-enough fractal rendering! :D

EDIT to add: well worth looking at: http://www.shadertoy.com and http://www.fractalforums.com/images-showcase-(rate-my-fracta...
ChromeOS uses the Linux kernel and works rather well. There is a paragraph dismissing Android as a desktop OS, but ChromeOS (including the Chromebox) is very close to a classic desktop experience, especially if you consider typical consumer use cases.
What a horrible article, I sincerely hope that you're not in a position of power. The majority of these will destroy a company - attempt to bully or strike fear into actually good employees with self confidence and they'll just leave.
It's even worse than that (from a practical standpoint, not a complexity theory standpoint) when you get into the realm of interpreted languages written in C. Try processing text containing null bytes in bash, for example.
Ask HN: Determine the next step in a career
I would think more people know/understand this feeling somehow...

There is so much to learn these days that I have difficulties deciding which area to focus on for the next part of my career. A bit more specific: been in a field for 15 years of which I have the impression it's slowly dying. Time for a career change most people would think and I'm really considering it. The situation is that throughout the years, I have built a fair amount of knowledge on programming languages (Python, RoR, PHP, Javascript, C#,... but am no expert at all, know my way around cloud concepts (AWS...but no expert at all), know design but am not too creative, ..... All vacancies these days want to make you either a programmer, or a sysadmin or a designer, while I want to be able to have/keep a general view on all of it. Because it is what I enjoy.

In short, I like all of it and can really and feel I grasp the general concepts of most of these technologies but it's hard to decide what would be a good career move that would not let me come to the conclusion in 20 years from now that I invested time in the wrong area (which is what I feel happened now). I feel like being a cloud expert (AWS, Azure...) would be a good fit for me as it allows you to embrace multiple different technologies but in the small country I'm living in no enterprises seem to be lying awake of the cloud.

With all these technologies out there, how do you keep focused on what you decided to focus?
Hmm... I can't remember any scenario I needed to manipulate (mutate) strings in kernel in place. For guaranteed small, say below 64 bytes, strings stack is usually fine.

Not saying it doesn't happen, only that it is rarely needed.

Usually when you can't allocate memory (like IRQ handler), you don't do string processing either.
Explicitly sized strings are so much easier to work with efficiently. SIMDified algorithms, for example.
HP's EliteBook Folio is like a MacBook that runs Windows
just seen this bbc report on the issue http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-35231632, apparently its not a ddos, but this is the 2nd day in a row, so pretty significant internal issue. Possible causes? 2016 leap year :-p ?
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Amateur Sleuths on the Dinosaur Trail
Location: Ahmedabad, India
Remote: yes
Willing to relocate: depending on the location
Technologies: UI Design, UX, Product Design, iOS, Web, Android
Resume: https://goo.gl/80bUhU
Email: tsompura(at)gmail dot com
Portfolio: https://goo.gl/XQ4oAm
~~~
Design professional with years of experience and curiosity to learn new technologies and trends. Visualize the users' needs and build interfaces to improve user productivity, discoverability, and simplicity.
~~~
Three simple rules:

1. Build up an emergency fund ASAP

2. Save as big a percentage of your income as you can (see http://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2012/01/13/the-shockingly-sim...)

3. Read the FAQ at https://www.reddit.com/r/financialindependence/
This is a re-submission. Previous discussions:

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10812214 (368 comments)

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10757785 (2 comments)

• https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=616146
Nope, this is for everyone. Apple is exporting your app from US, so they need this paperwork from you. The only other options are:

* send Apple a paper promising that you will only distribute your app in US and Canada stores, discarding all other markets.

* make your encryption use insecure 64-bit keys.

* make your complete app open source.

* (some other options, such as when using encryption only for authentication)

If you lied to Apple and if US government finds out you export encryption without registration, and if they care enough, they will fine you (http://www.theregister.co.uk/2014/10/17/intel_subsidiary_cry...)
dang, the title is editorialized (and in bad taste).

It was discussed a few days ago with a lots of comments: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10812214
Mozilla Boosts Firefox Security with OpenBSD's W^X Memory Protection Feature
> Computing-wise that three week vacation turned out to be very relaxing. Machine would suspend and resume without problem, Wi-Fi just worked, audio did not stop working, I spend three weeks without having to recompile the kernel to adjust this or that, nor fighting the video drivers, or deal with the bizarre and random speed degradation that my ThinkPad suffered

For three weeks every system works. After six months every system breaks. Even Windows 10 and Mac OSX developed various strange bugs (or annoying idiosyncrasies) after few months of my use.
If it were possible, why wouldn't Apple do it? It's because with current techonology such devices are inferior to this.
The article tries to make its point with unnecessarily complex code examples. They seem to be locked in a C way of thinking. But Pascal was created about the same as C and had proper types.

Strings could be represented as length checked arrays. They could come in two types, short ones, having a length byte at the beginning and are limited to 256 elements, and long ones, having an "int" size marker and corresponding length limits. The type handling could be handled by the compiler, the length() function would always return an int, and the elements addressed by a[i]. Thats it. This would have saved us more than 3 decades of nasty bugs if not security problems.
I agree. I opened PR #19 to address this:

https://github.com/amontalenti/elements-of-python-style/pull...

Would love to hear what you think of the changes.
At the Hospital, Better Responses to Those Beeping Alarms
Its a great dev desktop.
Withholding known security vulnerabilities from the public in order to be later used for hacking is immoral and dangerous.

Imagine if the police had prior knowledge of a vulnerability in the computer system of a car, but did not act to protect the public. A few years later a criminal figure out the same vulnerability and causes a major car crash on a motorway and murder several people. I would view the police officer to be found liable under breach of duty, same as if they witnessed a crime and refused to act.

Under the same logic, if companies has a legal responsibility to protect their customers and provide safe products, and police officers has a professional responsibility to report crimes, then the police should be forced to act if they have confirmed information about a security vulnerability.
I don't think any of these are valuable, let alone essential.

1) Memory-safe costs a lot and gives me little. If I know I'm not going to touch memory incorrectly I should be able to take advantage of that.

2) Knowing the cost of operations is essential to do any kind of performant programming in a reasonable amount of time; e.g. whether `length(x)` is O(N) or O(1). The operations specified is hugely important.

3) When I've got a 300GB log to update, an in-place algorithm will be better for everybody. Microcontrollers don't want to waste space with extra copies either, and a better algorithm wins.

4) I'm not sure having an opinion about Unicode in the language is ideal: You can either store an array of bytes, or you can store an array of code points, or you could store a list of UTF8 "characters", and I see value in all of these interpretations (comparison/copying, rendering, transcoding). I'd prefer flexibility, and the language not switching them around on me behind my back (see #2)
Bristol is the latest city to use APIs for improving transport
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> And why should the employer get all the benefit from this?

Thankfully, we don't analytically decide who takes the benefits — labor market is working pretty well at figuring this out.
With JSON you're not working with it as a tree, you're working with it as a set of objects. But what do you use to work with XML(or HTML) as a tree? You use DOM, OO API. And DOM sucks. There are wrappers around DOM, like jQuery, but even that leads to some spaghetti code.

JSON is a first class citizen in JS, XML isn't and never was. E4X never was properly supported by browsers.

Namespaces and doctypes are not mandatory.

Merits of a language and/or framework has little to do with it's popularity. There are much better languages/frameworks than Go or Angular, for example, but that doesn't make them popular.

I'm not overthinking it, it's not my idea in the first place.

> If only xml designers thought of their creation as pieces of flexible, composable hierarchical data not as documents.

That's just plain nonsense, what are you talking about? Nothing was stopping you from using XML the way it used in React. In fact these recent 'discoveries' in Javascript-land (React, Flux, Redux) are totally not new ideas.
At that point, one would expect to see increasing regulation kick in. It did historically for other kinds of service, e.g. financial services, insurance, public transport &c.
Debian stable is using LibreSSL for around a year already (Debian started switching just after the fork).
I think I covered these issues in my first point: you can do that, it's allowed, but it's just not comfortable to deviate from the norm right now.
Xfinity's Security System Flaws Open Homes to Thieves
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I am using Debian as my main desktop (laptop in this case) for the last 8 years... sure I am not the only one.

I have suspend/hibernate, great Gnome experience, no issues to run presentations or use public printers, really stable and very fast experience, and I did not configure any system aspect to make it work, just installed the distribution and that works out of box.

Well, I am very happy with Linux desktop. Just presenting a contra-example :)
>If it were possible, why wouldn't Apple do it?

There are a lot of things that are possible that Apple doesn't do. Apple's solution to a problem isn't necessarily the best solution available
Git v2.7.0 released
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