skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Imagine a simple load testing tool that sends a request, measures time-to-response, waits a second, and sends another request. Such a tool might report a "99 percentile latency" by simply taking the second-worst time-to-response from 100 samples.

However, this statistic is misleading. Imagine a system that responds in 1 second to 98 of the requests, in 2 seconds to the second-worst request ("99th percentile latency") and in 100 seconds to the worst request. If this system were to process a continuous stream of requests - e.g. 100 requests from visitors to a web site - half of all visitors would arrive while the system was processing the worst-case request (which takes 100s of a total 200s of run time). So the customer with the 99th-percentile worst experience will experience about 100s of latency, not 2s!

E.g. the author's https://github.com/giltene/wrk2 tries to avoid this "coordinated omission" problem by sending requests at a constant rate, instead of constant-time-after-response.

(Azul Systems competes against HotSpot JVMs with garbage collectors tuned for throughput, which suffer from occasional long pauses; Azul sells a rather impressive JVM which largely avoids such long pauses, and needs to educate its customers on how to benchmark it properly.)
So? I purchased my kitchen appliances from a retailer, but went to the manufacturer's warranty when I needed repairs, even though the retailer has my money.

You made an agreement with the retailer- software sales are final. You make the EULA with the publisher/manufacturer/etc- you seek compensation with them.
* https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10473474

* https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10483780
Key Questions to Ask When Forming a Business Partnership
Not true. The awards from MacArthur and Takeda that Stallman received when combined total to just over half a million USD[1][2]. Keep in mind that this is spread across all of GNU and to keep the FSF machine going as well.

Meanwhile, Tanenbaum's grants from the EU total approx $6 million for the express purpose of producing a reliable microkernel and to build an operating system on top of it[3], all under the auspices of a research university. And as others have noted, most of MINIX's userland is the result of splicing in large parts of the existing NetBSD userland, so the skew in attention that the kernel received is pretty significant, cf GNU's Hurd.

1. http://tech.mit.edu/V110/N30/rms.30n.html

2. http://www.gnu.org/press/2001-12-03-Takeda.html

3. https://www.bsdcan.org/2015/schedule/speakers/258.en.html
2,000 year old 'computer' discovered: tech and shipwrecks are rewriting history
I was at the presentations, and basically other than owner<T>, and [[suppress]] I do not remember other annotations. In fact, Herb made a point that having too many anotations was a weakness of Rust, and that they wanted to not have those annotations. There were some types to use such as array_view, string_view etc, but not annotations. Perhaps you are thinking of Herb's slides where he shows things like _In_reads_(num). Those are not part of GSL. He was just contrasting the annotation heavy way Microsoft does static analysis now, with the GSL which does not have these annotations.
At least in English, the word tripe itself means "worthless", because traditionally in English-speaking countries, where meat was cheap and plentiful, people threw tripe out or fed it to their dogs. Countries like Italy and various Asian countries didn't have the luxury of cheap meat historically -- so they incorporated tripe into their cuisine. That doesn't mean that good things can't be done with it, just that the original reason for using it was that it was cheap.
Austria 1922, China 1943, France 1795, Hungary 1923 and 1945, North Korea 2009, Philippines 1944, Singapore 1942, Yugoslavia 1989, Zimbabwe 2000ish (89,700,000,000,000,000,000,000%) in mid-November 2008
School and disembodiment
How to Make Money with Affiliate Marketing
I'm not OC but reading the author's project list, it seems to me that he is working heavily in networking optimization in cases where packages are small enough that won't be invalidated from cache until they are done.

If that were true, then the memory subsystem has little to play in this. However, users of this still have to take the memory in consideration when sending packages, hence the OC's comment about context is everything.
We just have the particular versions of tools we rely on checked into perforce, and when there's an upgrade, you don't have to do anything different and everyone gets the upgrade.
And to be honest: good riddance if a few of them disappear while doing something useful for a change ;-)
I love "Asian" as a description. I'm quite sure Asian-american doesn't mean someone from Armenia.
Check out the actual paper on the isocpp github repo. There are `[[lifetime(foo)]]` annotations.

Their proposal does include more elision than Rust (which actually leads to a loss of expressivity of patterns that arise in complex systems), but they still have plenty of annotations.
https://yunohost.org/

https://yunohost.org/#/whatsyunohost

YunoHost is a server operating system aiming to make self-hosting accessible to everyone. It is based on Debian GNU/Linux and is fully compatible with it.

Basically YunoHost automatically installs and configures some services around LDAP, and provides tools to administrate them.

It can thus be considered as a distribution, including the following software:

Nginx: a web server
Postfix: an SMTP e-mail server
Dovecot: an IMAP and a POP3 e-mail server
Amavis: an antispam
Metronome: an XMPP server
OpenLDAP
Bind: a DNS server
SSOwat: a Single Sign On (SSO) web authentication system
A backup system (not yet implemeted)
Ok. I'll try it. Does this have a NodeJS SDK?
I don't think many serious deep learning researchers claim that it will solve any kind of problems. Instead, it allows us to make significant strides in areas that have been stagnant for many years now (e.g., image recognition, speech recognition, some natural language tasks, and other domain-specific tasks). The potential impact based on these "narrow" domains is already huge (voice commands, image search, analyze medical images, analyze legal/medical documents, aid self-driving cars, etc.). Basically, it allows us to turn data that is highly structured but in a complex way (e.g., images, voice) into standard classification/regression problems. So far, I don't think it does much more than that.
I'm just starting law school so take what I'm saying with a grain of salt, but this is a pretty interesting case since I'm studying offer and acceptance right now in contracts class. It's a bit difficult to analyze this since the facts are scarce. A good case to look at for reference is Butler Machine Tool v. Ex-Cell-O Corporation.

The variations Arganov proposed in his counter-offer were pretty extreme: he made significant changes to the material terms. He also didn't appear to do anything to bring Tinkov's attention to these variations and made the counter-offer look very similar to the initial offer (i.e: it looked almost identical). I don't see any mention that he highlighted the variations, or included a note bringing Tinkov's attention to them, or asked Tinkov to initial beside them. At this point, I would say that Tinkov didn't consent to the variation and had assumed that Arganov had accepted their original offer.

BUT, since they apparently gave him the unlimited line of credit he had included in his counter-offer, it seems pretty conclusive that by their conduct they had in fact accepted Arganov's counter-offer.

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butler_Machine_Tool_Co_Ltd_v_E...]
If it's demonstrably not true, why is it then that multiple reports of mail going into SPAM folder stop coming in, once I setup SPF and DKIM? While it's true that reverse DNS is probably a bigger factor. Not having these 2 setup is going to increase your odds of ending up in the SPAM mailbox.
> A few years ago (>|decade?) music sales and video games were final at my local BB because they assumed you just burned yourself a copy.

Most places I've shopped just say something to the effect of no returns on opened merchandise. No mention of why. I assume you're assuming what they're assuming.
Oh my bad. It does run but with extremely high input lag. I am on Windows 10.
I think this goes here

http://cornellsun.com/2015/10/15/cornell-faculty-donations-f...
Ask HN: How do you price a product when in a market for custom-built s/w
We're trying to play in the world of custom software for natural language processing. In one single line: we provide an API that will allow a business to voice-enable their apps: Like a conversational, domain-expert Siri for their business.

But we're struggling with understanding how to price. Some have suggested the TAM (time & materials) model, and we've read most of the software pricing material there is out there. Others have suggested benchmarking ourselves against competitors, but this is tough because competitors are too nascent (as a result, there's very little publicly [and legally] discoverable data). :-(

We've just started b2b outreach and are very afraid that if we price too low, we will lose credibility re our tech (and it really is cutting-edge stuff we've built).

How would you go about thinking about this problem?
Meanwhile US is getting to the state of calling out SWAT teams if a kid is even thinking of making a model rocket.
It's when you sample a phenomenon based on events that aren't independent from the phenomenon's value. If you ever tried to profile a locking performance issue with a statistical profiler triggered by CPU time, you've met this problem. If you measure time/work unit for each work unit (and the input generation process has some form of back off/balking mechanism built-in) a naive report will give more weight to regions of time when work units complete quickly.

For example, if I have a system that alternates between 100 requests/second for 1 second and 5 request/second for 1 second, reporting distribution per request would yield numbers like:

Average latency: 2000 ms / 105 ~ 19 ms;

90th percentile: 10 ms.

These metrics aren't wrong… but they're not very useful if you're interested in latency rather than throughput. From a latency standpoint, I'd rather know the distribution of latency based on something like: if I choose to kick off a request at a random point in the next minute/hour, what latency can I expect on average? what's the 90th percentile in terms of random request time? I'd find something like:

Average latency: .5 * 10 ms + .5 * 200 ms = 105 ms;

90th percentile: 200 ms.

The difference with percentiles is key, in my view. With event-based sampling, you can significantly improve percentiles by focusing on the cases that are already good (and that's exactly what we try to avoid with percentiles): a system with 200 rps for 1 sec, then 5 rps for 1 sec now has a 90th percentile latency of... 1000 / 200 = 5 ms! Even worse, we can also improve the 99th percentile simply by processing fewer events in the slow region.

In the extreme case, the system is so completely useless during its "slow" phase that it processes 0 events… and the information we gather now represents only the fast phase, even when the system is in slow mode 99% of the time.

TL;DR: Pay attention to the X axis in distribution data! Is it actually what you want to sample from to characterise your system?
I'm a law student and I'm learning about this stuff now so I'm genuinely curious:

If Tinkov gave him the unlimited line of credit that he asked for, then didn't they by their conduct consent to his variation of the terms?

https://www.rt.com/business/tinkoff-bank-agarkov-credit-299/ <- says here they approved his unlimited line of credit
What should the headline be?
haraka

https://haraka.github.io/

Best mailsoftware I used so far. And ridiculously fast
Love your coding style. ;)
"Thanks to an intricate series of gears and dials, the mechanism could be used as a calendar, to track the phases of the moon, and to predict eclipses."

That's pretty crazy. It would be really cool to understand more about how it was created/who created it.

Not sure if it's so much rewriting history as demonstrating the extent to which we've filled in the blanks with guesses.
You're ignoring the broader point to focus on specifics you don't agree with.

> Not so much. Capitalism is really about the pre-eminence of capital (it's right there in the name).

Capital is what distinguishes capitalism from other, similar economic forms. Choice is what undergirds capitalism and all these other types of economy.

Also, capital == choices. Not having choices == not having capital.

> That's how we get QE, austerity, TTIP, bank bailouts, extra strong patents and a bunch of other gifts from government to billionaires.

What makes capitalism successful is that it is pursued by people. You seem to believe that abstract legal principles, such that might keep things like QE and austerity from happening, are stronger than people's desires to route around those principles. They're not. Despite this, our system manages to evolve anyway.

Also, if you think corporate socialism in the US is bad, you should check out Russia.

> Uber drivers' lack of success at it says no more about the merits of unionization than the failure of 95% of entrepreneurs does about entrepreneurship.

Why are you saying, "lack of success" at unionizing? That implies they actually tried.

> The fact that they choose to do it says more about the other choices they have available than it does about Uber. What can they do?

Uber drivers have access to the entire city they serve and are capable of moving around this city at will. They could find a better job.

> The major failure any economic model designed to "prove" that we're living in a fair society demonstrates is an underlying assumption that is completely, utterly and stupidly wrong.

You're going to have to rephrase this because I have no idea what you're trying to say.

> Try living on a minimum wage for three months and then start lecturing us about how easy it is. With dependents.

Try doing it in the outskirts of a Colombian city with no minimum wage. Have you seen how those people live? Homelessness in America is a cakewalk. Food is everywhere. Government services abound. It's hard compared to being middle class or even working class, but relatively speaking compared to everywhere else in the world that it's possible to be poor in, it's easy.

> You know that your ideas are half witted when they demand that you believe that people choose to be poorer.

It sounds like you believe poor people can make no meaningful choices at all. That's a sad, depressing world-view, you're essentially equating poor people with animals.
Congolese
I agree. We are not starting out with a blank slate. There are already billions of lines of C++ in mission-critical production use. Companies such a Microsoft, Apple, Google, and Facebook run on C++. In addition, it has vendor support on all the major operating systems. In contrast, not even Mozilla, has bet the company on Rust (Servo is experimental and Mozilla has made no promises of actually integrating it into Firefox.) Also, Rust is not vendor supported on any platform.

So if you are a CTO or someone who has the responsibility of deciding what language to use for your performance critical software, you already have a large bias toward C++. You may be swayed toward Rust by the fact that Rust is memory safe. However, when someone comes and tells you that with this open source tool for C++ backed by the big names in C++, and developed and supported by Microsoft, and just by using the GSL types you can get most of the benefit of Rust, you will decide that the delta of improvement of Rust over C++ is not worth it.

TLDR: In programming language use pragmatic considerations trump purity. Multibillion dollar companies run on C++. With GSL and static analysis, C++ is "good enough".
Putting a rat into space in a Ovaltine can is some serious "Zefram Cochrane" level sh#t right there. Where can I donate?
H.264 has support for lossless encoding, eg. https://github.com/danielrh/losslessh264
Their growth is amazing. Q3 2015 revenue up 78% YoY
Yes, that's a cool way to do it and somewhat natural if you're a server person; but perhaps mentally challenging for a lot of people.

Remember Swatch Internet Time[1]?

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swatch_Internet_Time
Exactly. I think programmers assume that law is a simple application of rules to facts, and that a computer could do it better/faster/cheaper than humans.

But in fact there is so much subtlety and nuance to it that I don't understand how computers could ever do it. I mean, you're trying to persuade a human being that your version of the facts is more compelling than your opponents. Last time I checked computers were not very persuasive orators or writers....
First of all I mistyped. When I said CDO i mean CDS (credit default swap).

Yes I think insurance and other risk management tools are a very productive use of money. The joint stock company allowed the English and Dutch East India companies to take risks that no individual would be able to take alone.

Now if insurance allows someone who decides to build an ocean front home on the Gulf Coast where three other houses have already floated away then its not very productive.
Check out osf.io, it's run by a non-profit called the Center for Open Science, and is dedicated to hosting scientific data and papers. You can even link your github / Dropbox, and choose at any point to register your project, which will copy all the files with the hope of freezing it in time.
Wow. This is mind-blowing.

I've actually seen the "No more buwwets" episode. I just can't imagine pointing a gun at someone and firing without having personally seen that there were no more bullets, unless you actually didn't care or wanted to kill them.
The tragedy of Ben Bernanke
> is accepted by other email service providers (gmail, yahoo, etc) out of the box

What would stop spammers from abusing this trust?
DoD’s Silicon Valley Innovation Experiment Begins
Understanding Bayes: Evidence vs. Conclusions
>, I have no beef with pay walls. But before signing up, I read the fine print. [...] United went a step further, though. It asked me to select “yes” or “no” before buying a ticket and highlighted the “yes” option as “recommended.” Required choice plus a recommendation qualifies as a strong nudge.

For examples like those, I think the meme "dark pattern"[1] has more currency[2] and I wish the author chose to use it (or at least mention it) instead of expanding his "nudge" meme into "bad nudge".

An author will stick to their own terminology because of ego, or because of ignorance. I don't know which is applicable in R. Thaler's case so we can be charitable and assume it's ignorance.

[1] http://darkpatterns.org/

[2] ~263000 hits for "dark pattern" and ~930 for "bad nudges"

https://www.google.com/search?q="dark+pattern"

https://www.google.com/search?q="bad+nudges"
I have several projects that use different versions of elasticsearch and different versions of postgres.

Elasicsearch has differences through versions which make some of the code incompatible (I recall changes with security around custom scoring functions). Some projects depended on an older version which allowed this code, other projects depended on newer features. Being able to have a different configuration per project can make things much simpler.

Even with the same versions, I'd like my ES process to be used by only one project, otherwise there's a risk of them stamping over each other causing issues which wouldn't be seen in production.
Scott Adams' Secret of Success: Failure
There's http://www.mirarehab.com as well, they built pretty cool games for physio-therapy using Microsoft Kinect. Their CEO Cosmin Mihaiu is one of the youngest TED fellows (and the first one from Romania I believe), so make sure to check out his talk as well:

https://www.ted.com/talks/cosmin_mihaiu_physical_therapy_is_...

I have worked for a startup in an accelerator program where Mira took part as well and I think their approach still does not get the attention it deserves since they have really built something that could have a huge positive impact on many peoples lives.
Good read. It's scary how relevant this still is, 58 years later.
yah so not perfect for sure. With how PG permissions work I am not sure you lose a lot listening on public interface vs digital ocean private but really semi-private interface.
As the sibling comment says, I think you somehow missed the -iard words.

Since the words larger than thousand that are used most often (at this time) are million and milliard/billion, I like the way milliard is very different from million and at the same time, in French, follows a kind of natural progression from mille, million, milliard.
National Novel Generation Month, 2015 edition, create  a story via algorithm
The thing is, in most of our legal systems, the default is that you can do something unless it is explicitly forbidden, and you can do it without prior consent from any authority unless it is explicitly regulated.

Moreover, the areas that are explicitly regulated usually have those regulations for a good reason, or at least did have once upon a time. As 'richmarr points out, the regulations that many areas have governing what buildings you can and can't build are often a matter of safety and reliability as much as anything cosmetic. For essential utilities, there is often a public interest in regulating the behaviour of providers to prevent a monopoly or oligopoly exploiting a dominant market position unfairly.

Regulatory capture is a real problem, and from my outsider's perspective it does appear that some places, particularly the US, suffer from this kind of regulatory abuse on a damaging scale. However, this is a baby and bathwater issue. If so-called disruptive start-ups are only really disruptive because they're circumventing regulations and by cutting those corners they can cut their prices, that's not disruption in the positive sense of the term, and I don't see why they should get a free pass.
When people engage in a commercial transaction, there is a contract, either explicit or implied. The concept of fraud stems from the idea of broken contracts. Anything other than that is caveat emptor.

You're not the person who replied to me about "health" and "happiness," but I'm guessing that even though you'll cry "Who then defines what is fraud?" you have no trouble deciding that "Society" should define health and happiness—yes?

Better that we stick to more concrete and prosaic ideas like contract.
Harvard lecture: The moral side of a murder
This is more or less a problem that you're never going to solve as a normal person running their own mailserver. Hell, apparently Google has problems with it. They mark emails I send from gmail.com to others within my own GApps org as spam because the headers don't match. What??
This is why I always negotiate health care. If you can reduce the percentage of the premium that you pay(or eliminate it entirely) then you get a raise every time your health insurance plan raises it rates. It's often an easy thing to negotiate because it is orthoganal to salary and people usually dont compare all the minor compensation variables when comparing to other similar employees and often a hiring manager is working with a salary range that doesn't include other compensation.
I've made a note to check it out, thanks.
Interesting that 兆 is sometimes used in Hanzi for a trillion. Core meanings 兆 include 'portent' or 'omen' which could cause a central banker to lament 'maybe we've printed too much currency'. English used to have a simple system for naming large numbers using the French suffix 'illion' for 'million' and adding prefixes for powers of a million (see OED). So a billion was (10 ^ 6) ^ 2 and by extension trillion was (10 ^6) ^ 3. A billion today was called a thousand million then. However the US pushed for the value of 10 ^ 9 as a billion (with trillion as 10 ^ 12) and back in 1975 that became the 'world' standard.
Tcpconnect and tcpaccept for Linux (bcc)
Sketches of a History of Skepticism