skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I try to refrain from purely negative commentary on articles, but yuck! How can one hope to say anything useful about "memory performance" without once using the terms "latency" or "bandwidth"?

Yeah, it is pretty clear the author didn't really understand much of the topic. Even if you have lightning fast memory, there's still the issue of connecting it. Long traces and multiple levels of multiplexing are going to add latency no matter how amazing memory tech is being employed. Before long, to increase bandwidth, memory needs to be integrated in the same package as the CPU if not on the same die. At least large eDRAM-style 'caches'. You can't economically run 1024 traces just for memory on the mainboard PCB!

> The key is figuring out how to write software that takes advantage of spatial locality and available bandwidth rather than getting choked by the latency. This is hard in the same way that taking advantage of multiple cores is hard: it requires a different approach, but is not a fundamental limitation.

Indeed, of course this requires skilled labor for now, until compilers catch up one day. And unfortunately code that truly requires random access is just not going to perform well on modern hardware. Up until early nineties, memory was faster than processors. Random access was just fine. Not so anymore.

It's also easy to get bandwidth limited with SSE and AVX. Although line fill etc. buffers seem to often bottleneck first per CPU core. For scalar code, being bandwidth limited is not going to happen.

The issue nowadays is that machines are so unique snowflakes performance and configuration wise. It's not hard to max out a single configuration, but it is hard to write something that performs decently across different system configurations. There are like 30 instruction set extensions for x86, variations in reorder buffer depth, variations in cache latency, size and associativity. And of course memory bus configurations, number and interleaving of memory channels, NUMA, DRAM memory page size (1, 2, 4 kB), etc.

For example unlike 8-way associative L2 cache on Sandy Bridge, Haswell, etc., on Skylake it is now 4-way instead. Code that is optimised for 8-way L2 cache might be pathologically invalidating L2 cache lines on Skylake.

Those aspects matter, because high performance is often a balancing act between available features, bandwidth and CPU power.
Exactly! 15 years ago, I was interested in economics. Since I originally studied physics, and I couldn't help noticing that some very simple examples are missing from the economic textbooks, namely how to build the macroeconomic model (aggregate functions) from the microeconomic ones.

One very simple example is to have two markets, one between producer and distributor and another between distributor and consumer. It turns out, there is no "rule" as to what the distributor's cut should be. Any margin is possible! It depends on relative negotiation positions of all parties.

So, to say (sufficiently) free markets are the answer is pretty much as no answer at all..
I don't see how this is genius.

Having hosts not know the contents they perform services for has been desired for a very long time. Research on homomorphic encryption predates mega by quite a while. And I am sure there must be backup services that already encrypted client-side long before mega.

The only reason why there wasn't something exactly like mega earlier was because browsers didn't have the capability. And it seems mostly like revenge for having megaupload shutdown. The profits aren't very good when you can't de-duplicate files (because the content is encrypted) or do anything else clever with the data. You just become a dumb provider of hard drive space and bandwidth. Anyone can clone client-side encryption.
Webpack your bags
Step by step guide to fixing any Google Penalty
And while you're at it, it's hard to figure out what's going on in your system. I've spent some time looking, and have not yet found anything resembling a bandwidth monitor for main memory.
Windows 10 Start Menu- Microsoft’s Chosen Platform for Displaying Online Ads
Worth watching in silence
Avoiding spam could be made less frustrating for users (report = frustration): require proof-of-work. The server presents some nonce and the client is expected to perform the old "hash until X zero bytes" POW and then add some extra entropy. This makes spamming computationally expensive.

In addition, because there may be multiple possible solutions for the problem, if the POW+entropy key is used with AES CTR, this could provide an additional layer of plausible deniability.
You do realise that the King James Bible is just a fairly recent translation of a bunch of much older stuff and that we have much older Bibles written in various languages, right?

Now, a first draft of the Koran, that would put the cat among the pigeons...
Ask HN: Startup not paying wages yet
I started a bit over one and a half months ago at a startup in Barcelona. The founder went off to get married, then was bought an unexpected honeymoon, so payment didn't happen at the start of the month as it was supposed to. Now we have been promised for the past two Fridays it would come, (he showed us a chain of emails explaining why the customer payment didn't go through yet). Now its Monday and no sign of payment yet. (He has been back from his honeymoon for a while now).

Has anyone been in a similar situation? How to handle it?
writing operating systems was a much more mundane and common activity

[citation needed] - outside of academic environments. I suppose the embedded environment might count as building your own micro-operating system (only one task? don't bother with a scheduler etc).
That only works for passwords you use on the web though.
>the assertion that one's genetics is an unfair advantage strikes me as absurd.

Are you saying you don't see the advantage inherent to having a much higher IQ?
You've forgotten that you only spend 80% of your salary, so you'd have 6.25 years.
>I thought that taking "The Bell Curve" seriously was a big red flag?

To whom? Certainly not to most scientists..
Are you with the right iphone app development company
No. I am saying I don't see what it means for this advantage to be fair or unfair.
I've been following erlangonxen for a while, but things seem to be quiet. What are you guys working on? Any news?
From a pragmatic standpoint, the article seems to assume that the lowest classes will all being getting pregnant via IVF in the future. Seems like a huge leap to make, those with the lowest IQs and most impulsivity are exactly the types who have the most unplanned pregnancies.
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Most languages use unconditional jumps to break flow when necessary, it might be called "exception" instead of "goto" but it's conceptually the same thing.
Perhaps you should remove yourself from the discussion then.
What is fair or unfair is entirely subjective.

Personally, it would seem a bit unfair to me if I was born with a 95 IQ, in the cosmic sense at least.
I read SSC's Moloch essay a while back -- I ended up missing two Strange Loop talks because I got so into it! He has some really fantastic essays.

It's a small part of Moloch but one idea that really stuck with me was that many of our defining societal threats and challenges are ultimately coordination problems, game theoretic tragedies. The Achilles heel of humanity it seems.
While I do not know the law specifics of Spain, here in Portugal after 2 months of non payment you can demand the "cancellation" (not sure if it is the right word) of the contract, and leave the job, there may be more specifics into it and my advice would be to see what are your legal options.

I have been in a similar situation and my plan was always to wait for the 2 months and started searching for a new job, but they ended up paying everything at most with 2 weeks delay.

If you just started and there are delays like that, you dont trust the founder, etc, then leave it is better for you, I don't imagine myself being a startup founder and just leaving my workers in the dark just because I want to get married, I would find some time to make the proper arrangements for the wages, explain everything well and then get married.
Do they ?

It's a shame the OSFree project has never got much support, it would be great if it got to the point where it could run gui apps.
If you wanna get real paranoid, displaying it on your screen isn't the best idea.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Van_Eck_phreaking
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<rant>
It's sad that clojure opted, for no good reason IMHO (ease of implementation, perhaps?), not to allow reader macros. I know, they claim that reader macros lead to "snowflake" code. But this is lisp. If you don't want tweakability, go back to Java.
</rant>
That's the logic behind most games. They implement a package format (sadly usually their own) for the game files for fast access.
What kind of relationship would someone have to have in order to not want to give their significant other a gift of $63 dollars, total over the entire relationship?

It's not about gifts, it's about shared expenses, and quite a lot of people want their relationships to be egalitarian. Rather than have one partner 'supporting' the other.
American thinking is still defined by its Puritan origins. Prison is a punishment. Punishment is necessary to be granted forgiveness by god. Prison is basically real-life purgatory and the death penalty is for handling people who are hell-bound.

As a German that seems incredibly fucked up.
You haven't been paying attention to the news over the last two years.
VP9 is great at low bitrate encoding, I guess that properly covers 80%+ of the Internet encoded videos, but for High Bitrate x264 or even x265 still beats it.

Another problem is license pools.
We're referring to a particular book of that title. Some consider it to be racist bunk, e.g. http://rationalwiki.org/wiki/The_Bell_Curve

Follow links from there and the idea that "most scientists" agree with that book looks like a big stretch.
>when human beings are concerned a solution to a problem may involve nothing more than swaying the minds of people, something people with high intelligence often seem comically unable to do.

So you're advocating that we select for charismatic, persuasive people of average intelligence? Seems like a rather short-sighted plan, considering this would describe most used car salesmen.
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Compare it to the tone of the rest of the articles on the site. The top link right now, for example, mentions that climate change predicted by "warmists" is a lie.
The probably most easiest way to increase floating point accuracy is to use decimal floating point. The input data usually is in decimal and needs only a small part of the accuracy that a decimal float format offers. Using them later in calculations will make them use more accuracy, but the calculations will be exact for much longer.

When converting decimal to binary floating point numbers you will often use the full accuracy of the float format because the decimal floating point numbers can't be represented exactly in binary.
Anything above or below IQ = 100 is unfair by the very definition of IQ. But I understand the sentiment, I'd also feel cheated by the universe if I were born with below-average IQ.

The debate over fairness/unfairness seems to me like another example of the typical trap humans fall into - instead of bickering over who gets more of the pie, we should be focusing on increasing the size of that pie. If all the effort put in the discussions about meritocracy would be put towards intelligence augmentation, we'd have a world better for everyone, regardless of what gene he or she got.
7 High Tech Gadgets Make Your Computer Smarter
Saying the US "encourages and fosters individualism" is a bit too optimistic.

The US also "encourages and fosters" the idea of personal responsibility. Everyone can become a billionaire. If you don't, that's your personal failure. If you commit a crime, that's your own fault and you should be punished for it. If you become unemployed and don't find another job, you're lazy and just don't put in enough effort. If you're poor, again, your fault and how dare you ask for hand-outs?

The US doesn't emphasize individualism, it's anti-social.
Show Zite Lovers: Pipes, the Zite of Today. Thoughts and Suggestions?
> approximately 50% of people go to university.

No they don't. [0]

What are you implying here. Make it more expensive, more people will come? That's a bit silly and just looking at the UK as an example ignores that educational attainment has grown everywhere. You could say the same for other countries where fees didn't become so expensive. The German Abitur (sort of A-levels that is a decent proxy for higher education) grew by sevenfold (as a portion of the population) in the last few decades. That's just the economy, political and educational system at work, improving.

Now does money impact education, obviously. A free school in a traditional form would definitely be crap. But there's a difference between free and costless to the student. That's the difference between the UK and most other EU countries. Take this chart for example, dark-blue is higher education expenses:

http://www.cbs.nl/NR/rdonlyres/0416FFB3-62FD-42AD-B3F2-074AD...

You'll find Denmark at the very top spending more than the UK per student (which makes sense, they're much richer). It's no surprise then that Denmark offers solid education and that Danes make ample use of it.

It's not that the UK spends more per student on education than everyone else, it's simply that the percentage of revenue sources is more from tuition fees and grants, than the public, than pretty much anyone else in the EU. At best it lowers educational attainment because you end up with the same funding for universities as before and the same as other countries, only the barrier to entry is now higher for students.

Some fees make sense to create incentives to do well in school, actually graduate and take it seriously. Like say in the Netherlands where you'll pay something between $7k and $10k generally in tuition for a degree. (supplemented by tens of thousands of funding from the government per student to the educational institution). But again, the notion that increasing fees in these countries makes educational attainment skyrocket is myopic.

[0] http://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/201...
Note the acting-for-the-camera fail with the spanner at 8:28-8:32.5.
Indeed, it does. The widgets are completely responsive as you can see here: https://www.facebook.com/widgetic/videos/vb.311160592370762/...

For those that prefer to embed a specific one in unspecific ways, we provide an API for that http://docs.widgetic.com/#building-a-custom-editor. But it's only for developers.
I think this is not a "small idea", I read it as the core idea behind everything in that post. I agree that coordination problems seem to be the Achilles heel of mankind.
I blame C. People that are much smarter than me fail at writing C. I am not even trolling. It is a thought that has been gnawing away at me for some time. I no longer think it's a question of being "good enough" to write good C code.

The only one I know of that has written almost bug-free C code is djb, and that code is a fucking pain to look at regardless of what Aaron Schwartz said. It is good, but it is not how anyone in their right mind writes C. If that is what is required to write safe C then I'm all for using another language.

Edit: I do like how Zed Shaw writes C, but I have no idea if the software he wrote is safe...
Yes, it absolutely is[0] for essentially the exact examples you cite.

[0]: http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~daw/teaching/cs261-f12/misc/if.h...).
Why do you need data modeling. Part 1 of new series on database design
The author does address that in the article:

> However with great power comes great responsibility, so you should learn to use them with great care. For example, while a JSON reader was a good exercise in understanding reader macros, I would never use it in real world for the simple reason that easier alternatives already exist.

and:

> There is a saying that goes along these lines: where a function will do, don't use a macro. A corollary for reader macros could be: where a sexp will do, don't use a reader macro. Yes, it might be a subjective call, but think twice before using a reader macro.

The second is particularly spot-on: sometimes you need a reader macro, but often you don't. But when you do…you do.
Yanis Varoufakis – “Democratising the Eurozone”
And look how that's turned out.

It took less than 200 years for it to devolve into a full-blown plutocracy.
Yes! I was using it with encryption on. I was playing around with it a little bit.

The digital acoustic watermarking idea is awesome. Rather than have a weird buzzing noise, overlaying digital information over these codes is great.

If you've got enough traction, you should get a US corp built, because this is a trust-based product (right?). Having an OOO company is a little scary for US users.
I understand Parallels was formed by a bunch of Russian hackers who were originally contracted to make a huge bank's OS/2-based software system run on new computers without OS/2 drivers.

The big issue was that OS/2's kernel operated in Ring 0, and no existing virtualization/emulation systems supported the relevant CPU instructions.

I wonder if that bank is still running on OS/2... :P
"does he not deserve a reward regardless of what enabled him to do so"

No. Why would that be the case? In your moral framework that equates moral desert with technological progression, sure. But not in mine, where technological progression is antithetical to social progression.

Ok, that was pretty facetious (especially the last sentence); there's utility in rewarding progress, but as another commenter mentioned, fairness is entirely subjective.
Building your own abstractions on top of AES directly is no less dangerous or prone to error.
Thank you. I don't understand why this is even being debated.

Conformance statement for El Capitan: http://www.opengroup.org/csq/repository/RID=apple%25252FXY1%...
PHPNW15: What we saw and learnt this year
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Well that defeats the purpose of a sandbox. A sandbox is specifically to disallow apps from touching OS or private data.

But there's no reason such apps can't live side-by-side. I use Emacs to edit my hosts file, it's pretty convenient. A sandboxed Emacs would not be.

But I don't mind if the painting app I download is sandboxed because I'm going to be dragging-and-dropping my artwork into that program and I don't want it having access to my disk or network outside its sandbox.
A couple of thoughts
(i) Some of the time spent tinkering with the website counts as marketing. Redesigning the home page to better explain what your service does is marketing, as is adding OAuth capabilities to simplify signup.
(ii) Really, the amount of time you need to spend marketing probably depends heavily on whether it's aimed at mass market or an easy-to-reach niche, whether it's something people actively look for or something they need persuading might be a good idea, and whether you have competition. But regardless of those factors it's probably greater than 10%...
I've always assumed LibreSSL was just a first step toward a secure implementation. I always thought that it made sense to try to fork/fix OpenSSL at first, but eventually move to a non-C implementation. I still think that will happen.
No it's not.

Since skylake comes in both DDR4 and DDR3 motherboard versions, various benchmarks have come out to test the difference for the state-of-the-art 14nm cpu with the "improved" memory vs the "old" memory.

And the difference is often only 1-2%

Unless maybe the goal should be to put 32gb of memory right on the cpu die
A bit limited, as it's only for 32 bits x86, something the topic doesn't mention.

There is no example of supported hardware, so at first glance It seems it would only be useful on old hardware, or Soekris-like boxes...
> people who are the target of the NSA, like political dissidents or journalists.

That in itself should worry you.
Should you take that job at a unicorn?
Crab Feedback
quick experiment: after copying the original text 200 times into the text box it starts to be unbearable to write any new text. However, if one just inserts 200k characters with no formatting, the editor doesn't seem to slow down.
> And when you get into the really high-level languages (Python, Ruby), they simply don't scale.

I think you need to qualify what "scale" means in this context.
Otherwise java is, for all its warts, more or less as high level as ruby and python, and it's probably been proven to scale up (to big machines, or many developers) reasonably well.
Dr Gillespie added, "I don't think we'll see a time when
oxytocin is used socially as an alternative to alcohol.
But it is a fascinating neurochemical and, away from
matters of the heart, has a possible use in treatment of
psychological and psychiatric conditions.

Alcohol being the great social lubricant with some nasty side effects on your health - definitely feels like it could be disrupted by a "safer" oxytocin based product. Has a similar feeling to vaping vs smoking.

I would imagine a dose of oxytocin would produce a different concentration pattern of the hormone in your body versus normal/natural production - are there any known studies of long term effects of Oxytocin usage?
The graphs are extremely interesting - there's a significant qualitative difference between what works best: in-cache, "least branches, least work" works best. out-of-cache, "least fetches" works best. Not at all surprising, of course, but a reminder that there's no point discussing these issues independent of the cache size. Also, no point optimizing without knowing the approximate cache size and memory footprint of your real data.
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Indeed. My advice is to use
pairwise summation [0], which is easier to implement, does not suffer from compiler optimizations and is, for normal means and purposes, sufficiently precise. Previously, I considered a small blog-post, but it would be an (incomplete) copy of a Wikipedia article.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pairwise_summation
Upcoming database conferences – November 2015
> That's 250.000 people more.

It's 10,000 people more (in a country of 90M people) not 250,000. And, like I said, it's not due to the lax traffic laws/enforcement, it's due to the average Vietnamese riding a motorcycle instead of a car while wearing a useless brain bucket -style helmet.

> One human life is too much.

We all die anyways, might as well enjoy ourselves instead of spending all our time and money on insurance and waiting for "stop signs" and "red lights".
There is no rule because the answer becomes a (semi-)stable equilibrium of a system of feedback loops. Much of the cases where "sufficiently free markets" are used as an (invalid) answer happen when someone assumes a-priori what the equilibirum will be without considering the actual feedback loops in the system.
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Last time I saw Basecamp (then 37signals) working on a rich text editor is a long time ago. What happened to WysiHat? I know it had another developer than the two guys who made Trix.
What I especially liked about WysiHat was the complete bareness of the toolbar, just plain HTMl links. Is that also possible with Trix?