skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here are a couple of ideas, none of which do exactly what you want. However, they may give you some ideas...

PDFMiner[1] is a python toolkit for PDF. Among other things, it extracts text from PDF files. It also has a tool that lets you find objects and their coordinates in a PDF file. I have not looked at the latter functionality, but it may get you your words and locations.

I've used Tesseract[2] to convert scanned documents into searchable PDF files. Since a search of the PDF file will highlight matching words in the scanned document, it clearly knows where words are and the letters that comprise them. This might be another approach.

[1] https://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/wiki/ReadMe
[2] https://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/wiki/ReadMe
"Much of the time, that’s all there is: some movement, and some light, and we call it a day."
May be with PDF.js:

https://mozilla.github.io/pdf.js/api/draft/global.html#TextI...

Or WeasyPrint:

http://weasyprint.org/
What if the dolphins know terrible secrets people shouldn't know?
Surviving the Technical Cambrian Explosion
Might be worth noting that story is from March 2014.
With OCaml, that depends what you mean by concurrency. There's good async IO, but the runtime is still single threaded (just like Node!). The overall library ecosystem is a disappointing though.

https://github.com/janestreet/async

And it is a huge shame F# doesn't work well cross platform. Hopefully we'll see the runtime ported soon. Looks like it builds, but the tests are probably a mess:

https://github.com/dotnet/corefx

Haskell, yeah, very much agreed.

Hopefully one day a big company will build us a modern language with a vibrant ecosystem. Microsoft has come the closest with F#. Rust is tentatively exciting, but who knows if Mozilla has the muscle to get it adopted.
I think there is too much focus on the mechanics and not enough on the big picture behind what you're trying to do. Mostly it's a lot of. Step one recognize the problem. Step two apply the solutionator+ and turn zee crank. Step three receive kibble.

+Solutionator: Bunch of mechanical steps that the student understands in the exact same way a trained monkey understands an organ grinder.
Full Text Search with SQLite
PDFTextStream: https://www.snowtide.com
During the early 90's we used to reverse-engineer computer viruses (DOS) at the Peter Norton group using SoftICE. All in the name of creating repro's and fixes of course.
The program of the talks can be seen here 2015.biohackathon.org/symposium
The estimated mass of the deployed structure is in the
order of 10^7–10^8 tonnes.

Ouch.
If they are able to revive the original brain (and considering the whole point of cryonics is indefinite suspension until your wants are met) at some point in the next five billion years, assuming we don't kill ourselves (which like all those metrics about the odds of Alcor failing is also astronomically high) we should eventually be able to regenerate a brain rather than replace it.

You might lose some memories, but if its at least 51% of the original brains tissue, is that not still "you", even if it is now full of fresh gray matter to replace all that damaged by freezing?
Nice. The last thing we need are a bunch of light bulbs competing for crowded Wi-Fi spectrum.

Do you notice the LED flickering during transmission?

Would using a separate infrared emitter and photosensor increase the range?
I guess there's a fifth possibility: that people in the future learn enough about brain function to figure out that it's literally impossible to reboot a dead brain.

I'm no neurologist but wouldn't be surprised if there's information in the brain which is encoded in ways other than which neuron is connected to which. Like, firing patterns.
If your "blockchain" doesn't have a proof-of-work beyond trusted people, that's hardly different than a company publishing their database full of signed transactions.

I'm aware that 10 minutes is a configurable number, but there's a reason it's as high as it is.

I'm also familiar with Ethereum, and I still don't see it as better than a company-run database for anything like uber/airbnb/etc with a central company behind it.

> Blockchains are harder to break than most corporate databases.

Strange, Google and Amazon and many other sites have done just fine with databases (though there are exceptions like Ashley Madison etc) while there have already been real double-spends with the bitcoin Blockchain and numerous other issues.

Proportional to usage, I'd say bitcoin has proven to be terrible compared to databases.

So yeah, citation needed.

Additionally, if you change your mining to be "people users trust", your security is now equivalent to corporate database security -- a lead pipe to the head to get a password in.
That was an interesting write-up. I disagree with how he thinks people will come up with good architectural decisions. That blind trial-and-error is how most programming happens and most of it is anything but good architecture. It's a nice learning and exploratory process, though.

For learning architecture, I'd recommend people do what I did: look up all kinds of present and past solutions to problems that worked well to see how they did it. See what they worked with, constraints, goals, specifics, and what resulted. Most discoveries are re-hashes of old ones and there's plenty of good stuff to draw on in many subfields. Some are truly novel but studying old stuff for new applications will get you pretty far. Out of the box thinking for the rest.
I would posit that most living on the frontier were workaholics trying to bootstrap a new society into being. They weren't doing much "living in tune with nature"; they were fighting nature tooth-and-nail for resources to survive and, almost as important, trade with.

Living on a frontier with other humans—where you don't have time to listen to a burbling brook, because those other humans have urgent needs—is a very different experience to living isolated, with the rest of nature as the closest thing to a companion.
Compilers, it's an area that has held my interest for at least a decade.
The Terror and Tedium of Living Like Thoreau (w/wifi & digital camera)
This sounds like something a supervillain would build o_O
> only charge a tiny margin over the costs of bandwidth, energy and storage.

The margin charged in terms of energy is massive. The bitcoin network can't handle many TPS because each transaction needs significant computational work to secure it.

On the other hand, if I trust my database I can do the tiny work to write it, make sure I've got consensus among my DB nodes it's written, and be done with it.

I'd say that bitcoin so far has neither been reliable nor safe. Hell, if you look at MtGox alone, I bet a higher percent of bitcoin users were impacted than the total number of USD users who have experienced any kind of fraud.

In addition, there was the Nth "stress test" last week which crashed nodes and delayed transactions for hours... yeah, great tiny margin and reliability...
That's a tautological answer. When a Bitcoin was worth over 4 times its present value a number of months ago, the same answer could be given - "it's worth that because people will pay for that".

I can give a rational answer for why commodities like apples have value, or a gallon of gasoline, or a table, or a shirt. Even houses in 2007 real estate development projects in the outskirts of Sacramento have a rational (if at one time overblown) value. There is no rational explanation why a hashed number called a Bitcoin has any value. A bar of gold had value 4000 years ago, it has value today, and if the concept of commodity value exists 4000 years from now, it will have value then.

As I said, I pointed all of this out on HN before Bitcoins lost half of their value. I'm quite confident they will be halved again from their present value, and eventually hit $0. They're worthless hashes. Your explanation for why they have value would not have me comfortable as someone holding onto such commodities. Warren Buffett and Charlie ("Bitcoins are rat poison") Munger agree with me.
I visited Walden Pond a few weeks ago and learned this as well! It even says on the plaque next to the foundations of his cabin that he was less than a 30 minute walk from his parents' house. It made me laugh, because the brief times Thoreau was mentioned in school, it was always done in a way that reinforced the notion that he was living in isolation.
Why do blockchains need proof of work at all? It seems that this is only to solve the Byzantine Generals problem, not to prevent spam or something like that (which HashCash used).

Given a network where every node eventually communicates with every other node, a vector clock is enough. You can simply have append-only trees! This data structure is ideally suited for distributed applications.

In a smaller network, question about double-spend is simply solved by having a MAJORITY of parties report that they've seen a certain precondition at time A (ie Person X has Y coins) before any subsequent transaction is considered validated.

What is also beautiful about appending to a TREE instead of a ledger is that you can have subsets of the network which care about a particular subtree. You don't need everyone to store everything!
Using a language that isn't already in every shop may limit hiring at first glance, but it will automatically select for folks who have an important sense of craft for the work they do and pay close attention to where there is a lack of return on investment in languages, platforms and applications. People who really care about FP will likely be easier to retain than those who use Blub and couldn't care less. Go is shiny right now. What will be shiny later? Lisp is not shiny but it is power like power has never known with Blub.

Aside: I've not found Clojure to be slower than Java and I've benched it. It is fast, fast, fast. As fast as Go even doing the concurrent thing: benched that too. I've even found that Clojure can edge out Java in many cases because of its inherent laziness: the fastest way to expedite a job is not to have to do it in the first place.
By the very nature of Indian Classical music and its traditional style of performance, be it Carnatic or Hindustani, it is hard to create studio-grade records. There is heavy improvisation and musicians have opportunity to create quite unique performances each time they perform, even if the Raga is same. This is what makes it hard to re-create an Indian Classical music piece in a studio setting. And so, only well recorded live performances can offer the most authentic experience of Indian music. Here are some high quality recordings of live performances from some of the best artists of Carnatic music.

- From the NCPA Archives - M.S. Subbulakshmi - https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/from-the-ncpa-archives/id9...

- From the NCPA Archives - Balamuralikrishna - https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/masterworks-from-ncpa-arch...

Apart from the Ragas and Nuances in the music, the poetry in the music is scintillatingly beautiful too, exposing Indian Conception of God and philosophy. Saint Thyagaraja from 16th century is one of famous Carnatic music composers. Celebrating his compositions is one of the oldest and largest musical festival in the world called Thyagaraja Aradhana - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyagaraja_Aradhana that happens once every year in Southern part of India, and its sister festival all across world including in Cleveland. If you are visiting India to experience its culture, then its music should be an essential experience you should be taking home. All major cities in South India will have Carnatic music events all year long. Delhi and other north Indian metros too have quite vibrant Carnatic music scene, though you have to really search to find events. Delhi on the other hand has year-long Hindustani music scene.

For the more curious, here is a course on Carnatic Music from IIT Madras - Appreciating Carnatic Music - https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc15_hs03/preview - it assumes no prerequisites and starts from very basics of sound. It exposes some of the young contemporary Carnatic musicians and their performances.
But the other rankings are modest side projects for entities whose main business is elsewhere -- eg the Times Higher Education Supplement which probably has the best ranking. It also has the nice point of covering the world instead of just one country.

And how good can rankings get, anyway? There's always a huge error bar, so being the 20th best vs the 40th best institution is meaningless. All the rankings tell us that Harvard and MIT and Stanford are very good and some place you've never heard of us rubbish.
Possible. I just saw Steel Jr and Sussman's names. Then implied a LISP machine could be made with 1 person if it could be made with 2. Just take more time. So, if not that one, than any that was only done with 2 people.
Proof of Work does disincentive spam a little because you can only spam as quickly as the network can incorporate transactions (6tps iirc) due to the slow nature of the network. If the network were more efficient and used vector clocks, you could spam much more efficiently too.

If the majority of parties can decide such things without a proof of work, then a single person can just create a large number of accounts and own the network. You need to avoid the problem of fake accounts somehow. Proof of Work does that and you don't propose a solution.
I actually know about a lot of things :)

I am actually a former tenured academic scientist in the School of Pharmacy and Applied Science at Latrobe University here in Australia. I currently run a genomics software company (Nucleics). Cancer is one area I have had an active research interest in over the years and have thought a lot about these questions. While I may be wrong I hope I am not a dummy.
Security contracting firm run as a non-profit
Introspection probably isn't a good way to assess this.
That's a good point. A strength of his improvements in terms of learning curve and re-using prior work. He was always good at that part. However, I like best how he designed the assembly languages (P-code, M-code) and high-level languages (Pascal, Modula-2) to be consistent with one another. Some called it a hack but I think it's brilliant. Imagine how easy it would be to learn inline assembler if its workings matched the language behavior already described to you. It's like explaining stacks, frames, goto and math in C was about all it took to know x86 programming. It would make both ends more effective.

He did it for ease of implementation and compilation. Still need that for formal verification of whole systems, securing whole systems, people that like to experiment with them, and so on. So, his principle stands the test of time.
How to Start an Elixir App in Production
Unchecked exceptions are for programmer errors. They are an important part of the language since humans (who write the programs) are error prone.

I should clarify: The wart is that programmers can introduce their own unchecked Exceptions. This should not be allowed since, as you say, unchecked Exceptions only make sense for unrecoverable runtime errors.

Checked exceptions should only exist in situations where the caller can definitely recover from them.

False dichotomy. Unchecked exceptions become part of the callee's method signature, i.e. the contract that the caller must fulfill.

Arguably almost nobody does the latter correctly when choosing checked exceptions

Baseless claim. I see many people using Exceptions correctly and elegantly, for error handling and flow control.

and the consensus is

Opinion != consensus.
That matches the view others have shared with me. A few of them mentioned that Jane St re-wrote the standard library to try to fix that problem. They also gave it back to the community. Have you tried theirs? If not, take a look at it so you can tell us if you think they've gotten past that weakness.

https://janestreet.github.io/
OCaml is super general purpose. You can write low-ish level code (there have been 2 kernels partially written in it) as well as higher level stuff (web servers/scripts on the pages using tools like js_of_ocaml, Coq, etc.). Where it really stands out it compilers and static analyzers (+ other similar things). Facebook uses it for a few of their compilers and static analyzers, the Rust compiler was originally written in OCaml before being ported to Rust, the Haxe compiler and VM are in OCaml as well. The OCaml compiler comes with lexer and parser generators and a lot of other libraries exist for it too (such as an official LLVM binding). I'm not sure how great it is for NLP, but I'd assume it's not bad for it.
Here is a list of companies that use it: https://ocaml.org/learn/companies.html.
Building a primitive wattle and daub hut from scratch
I suggest Madurai Mani Iyer's renditions if you are looking for expertly rendered (from a puritan's POV) and hugely entertaining introduction. Two sample songs: www.youtube.com/watch?v=ya5fDVfmx_g and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7shwQLX6DTA.

Qawwali is similar to accapella and thrives on a cyclic rendition (similar to nordic "Yoikking"). Thematically, it takes both God and Love as themes and treads softly. Most Carnatic songs are directly about God and builds on the listener's knowledge acquired elsewhere to bring "completion". An example is "Hecharikaga Rara" depends on you knowing the statue of Rama was lost in the River Cauvery and Thiagaraja, the composer finds it and welcomes the deity home)
Cognitive Computing (2011)
From Somaliland to Harvard
I moved to the Yukon 4 years ago, and have spent many hundreds of nights in my tent around the far reaches of the Yukon and Alaska. [1]

I don't live "in a cabin" during the week, though I have many friends that do so, completely off grid.

The author of this story is searching for a wilderness experience, but not embracing it. Checking wifi almost daily? looking for external stimulus? Avoiding those things is the main reason to move to the North.

If you want to truly live the life, it involves getting your own firewood, growing your own food, hunting your own moose, bison, caribou, catching your own fish, building/working on your own shelter, making your own clothes, etc. You will wuickly find that even 20 hour days are short.

Of course, it's absurd to "live in the North" without staying through a winter - it's by far the most peaceful, beautiful time in the North, and the best time for thinking and reflection. -50F is a magical thing.

[1] Stories and photos from my Northern adventures on http://theroadchoseme.com
Yup. Neanderthals lived in Europe during the last ice age and followed a K-selected breeding pattern. Sapiens were in Africa and followed an R-selected breeding pattern. When the ice finally melted, Sapiens flooded into Europe and wiped the neanderthal out, apparently by eating them.
I have nothing but praise for this library... it's a great resource for writing high-performance parallel programs.
Way more power/features with the detailed description of those + library + tools + more = 588 pages. C++ programming language 3rd edition is 1,000+ pages. So, not quite that ratio but clearly one has better signal-to-noise ratio and design than the other. ;)
I'm surprised they were allowed to publish. This has been known in some circles for at least a decade, maybe longer.
What I wish I knew now that I know Haskell: Where I can find Haskell jobs that aren't in banking! I have grown a love of the language through using it, but I don't know how to find many job positions that aren't either in banking or research.
How out of date is RWH ?
The glare of the sun reflected on a building is often more bothersome than the sun itself. I'm not sure whether this plaza will be pleasant or just blinding. Still, worth a try.
Maybe? If people use it. Next question!
I used to belong to the L5 Society in NYC back in 1985, which was a group of space enthusiasts. We would meet at the Intrepid Sea, Air and Space museum in New York City. Scientists, poets, sci-fi geeks, artists, musicians, and even NASA employees and astronauts. Ideas like this for using the other Lagrange equilibrium points were always being discussed.
The Lagrange points allow for insertion of objects that while at those equilibrium points, require minimal energy to maintain that position or orbit. AFAIK, there are 5. L5 was a choice for a space colony hence the L5 Society. The L5 Society became absorbed along with the National Space Instititute into the National Space Society. I believe Carl Sagan was President.
> If the US stopped doing that there's no reason to assume that another country would magically step up to the plate.

Another country, no, because that would be irrational and stupid (just as it would be for the US, if the argument atht the US is actually doing that is correct.)

On the other hand, if the US is subsidizing the rest of the world, that means the US is substantially reducing the marginal benefit of expenditures in the subsidized domain by other countries, disincentivizing their own expenditures (direct or through policy which promotes drug development.) It would be irrational to expect the removal of that subsidy and the associate disincetives not to result in increased expenditures.
Everyone on HN should read this book - 11/10
I had to put this one down but I plan to pick it up later. His ideas can be super dense at times and it makes fun reading feel like work. It definitely doesn't "cool down" my brain at the end of the day.

/r/printsf always has good suggestions
There is a method, using the report cursor position query to determine the current location of the cursor, you can then print question characters and re-read the loctation, the difference determining how many cells a character forwards the carriage.
That's not even a little true. The transaction requires little/no work whatsoever. The miners require precisely as much work as there is speculative value for bitcoin. If Bitcoin were worth $10,000 per bitcoin - the energy burned per transaction would be 40 times higher. But that is not to say that the transaction itself required this expense.

Mt Gox had as much to do with bitcoin as it did to do with http. I wouldn't argue with you that centralized databases are way more efficient than blockchains (hence why some nodes went down), but you simply don't understand the basics of what's going on with bitcoin.
I think the vast majority of math teachers don't go on to learn new things and perspectives on math after college.
...Or have Frank Geary build a "fryscraper" and really show those shadows a thing of two:

"...It was soon discovered that one of Gehry's trademark enormous abstract geometries [The Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles] was concentrating solar radiation into its concave gut and redirecting it onto nearby structures, heating them to as much as 140 degrees."

http://www.businessinsider.com/frank-gehry-once-designed-a-f...
For me, this has been about proving that mathematics is about more than just numbers. The world is made up of quantities, relationships, nodes, probabilities, and much more.

If students are expected to use math to make better decisions and understand the mechanisms of the world, a breadth of math needs to be taught earlier on.
In order to be a good Christian and receive the eternal life promised in the Bible, you must be a cryonicist.

At least that is the case according to this blog:

http://churchofthebetterresurrection.blogspot.com/
Same for 1930's Last and First Men, by Olaf Stapledon, which spans 2 billion years and eighteen species of variously augmented humans, https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_and_First_Men