skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'd sort of like to see 'return' explained earlier, rather than used without explanation in the IO monad example. Also it's weird to hear that a monad is a design pattern, and then hear about the monad deciding things; that implies something more concrete than just a design pattern. It's only vaguely clear that "the monad" in that sense is the specific choice of bind/return functions (if that's even correct!). But while it's a bit rough around the edges, I can see this becoming a really good explanation. It explains how the goals of monads relate the implementation, which seems to be the tricky part, in a way that makes sense to me.
The issue is that PDFs are typeset for print. That means things are designed to look best on the paper size such as using serif fonts and avoiding widows, orphans, and rivers. Multiple page sizes would be multiple times the cost. e-books lose all that typesetting and it doesn't always result in the best experience, but HTML/CSS is catching up in that regard.
> I've never understood why so many companies are comfortable giving Amazon such leverage over their business infrastructure.

You have to be a pretty big company in order to not let another company have leverage over your infrastructure. Hosting your networked servers in your own office? You're depending on Verizon, AT&T or Qwest, even if those are not the companies selling you your pipes.

Co-locating your servers, getting feeds from 2-3 carriers, while doing BGP with your high-end Cisco routers? You're depending on the hosting facility, such as Telehouse.

So you want to survive a blackout in one section of the US. Now you need at least two server facilities. Your remote facility needs at least one full-time tech.

Corporate infrastructure can get in the way as well. Your division of the conglomerate is in San Francisco, but another division is in New York. Perfect, your division's remote IT person can work out of that division's New York office. But the conglomerate might be structured so that is not really possible. The other division may as well be another company.

So a small company can't afford to do this. A big company can get so big that it's not feasible either. If the big company has one central IT department that all divisions use, it becomes more feasible, but how many big companies only have one centralized IT department? Even if such a creature exists - the big company buys a small company, or merges with another big company - boom, two IT departments again.
Its a joke. Miller is loaded, and alibaba is full of cheap clones of diagnostic tools (and 'special' dongles that do magical things like cloning BMW keys, or bypassing Mazda 6 security in 4 seconds)
Those articles say that the idea of a remotely exploitable vulnerability in a car is ridiculous (therefore so is the murder idea), but is that not exactly what happened with Jeep here?
To be fair, (I think) you don't need to know category theory to successfully apply FP principles and/or use any functional language. I had a great (GREAT) success at using erlang not only not knowing what monad is, but even not knowing about existence of category theory at all, leave aside monads, monoids, functors, etc.
You also don't need to know category theory to understand what monad is [0]
This video is all you, as a practicing programmer, need to know about monads and it's just 1 hour long.

[0] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZhuHCtR3xq8
RIP Octopart, and good luck in the Delphi aka Turbo Pascal house.
I'd like a vegan option, too.
This depends on your current infrastructure, your expected growth over the next few years and obviously your software stack. In my experience, unless you are doing something with extreme latency or scaling requirements, AWS is likely cheaper in TCO, at least in the beginning where your fleet is less than a few hundreds machines. Also note that AWS is not just EC2. Other services like S3 or Dynamo can be life savers. The downside of AWS is that you can become over reliant of it.
Even if the update is not quiet, how do you know that it's authentic? If the hackers can trigger a "update available, please flip the update switch and restart your car"- notification, you will not be able to tell if this came from the manufacturer or the hacker.
Absolutely! (I also live in Canada)

It might be more expensive than the status-quo. It depends on the details of such a system.

To add to your point about people working not to survive but to thrive: re-education, or education would be a more realistic possibility. Currently, going back to school at 30 or 40 years old when you've held low wage jobs is really hard.

A family member of mine, after a divorce that ended her up with nothing, was able to raise her 6 kids, upgrade her high school and get a university degree, all without a job. This is simply not possible with the safety nets currently available (welfare helped but definitely wasn't enough). This was only possible because of her family taking a second mortgage to buy a house that she "rented" and a line of credit for food and necessities.

The amount of people that will have to be re-educated to find a job will only increase. This would only be a positive for the workforce.
Legacy Projects and the Maintainer
First Time User Experiences
I'm confused how this is still allowed by Google. I thought you were not allowed to show Google one thing while other users another?
I'll suggest the change is the globalization of the US economy. The US effectively added a billion low income workers to its economy, and that group has seen large relative gains in income over the past few decades. Some of those gains were, as predicted, effectively a transfer of wealth from the US middle class. Although newspaper articles about globalization are now relatively rare, it is a day to day reality that I'm sure many HN readers live and breathe.

While the massive destruction of poverty in the developing world has been an unqualified good, it was no secret that the trade-off was stagnating wages in the developed world until the developing world 'caught up'. There has been a reduction in income inequality, but it has been at the global scale. The US is not a gated community like Scandinavia. The US is deeply embedded in the global economy. Any attempt to ignore the global economic perspective will be misleading at best and ultimately futile.
> They were able to control steering wheel

This seems unlikely.
Custom Database API – Reasons for Custom Tables and an API
In lots of cars the key doesn't do anything when the vehicle is moving. In some cars you can't even turn it mechanically if you don't have gear in P or R, in other cars you can't even turn it at all because its just a button. There are very good reasons for this, the recent GM issue where the key fell out by vibrations which killed the power steering comes to mind, some people actually died because of this.
I have a question that maybe doesn't belong here. I know people have asked a lot of questions about Go in a skeptical way, and I promise I'm not coming at it from that angle. I actually use Go quite a bit (mostly on App Engine) so I do like it.

My question is, given all the things being built around Go, like Kubernetes and various other job and cluster management tools, why weren't those things absorbed into the language or standard library. The way, say it is with Erlang?

In Erlang a lot of the multi-machine coordination work seems to be really well thought out, and its part of their standard OTP library ... which seems pretty mature (at least to someone who is a novice like me).

Why doesn't Google use Erlang? And if they don't use Erlang, why isn't there some sort of cluster management stuff built into Go?

I mean things like cross machine channels, automatic go-routine (or process) restart on failure, process monitoring, etc.
The same warnings were issued in the late 1980's in Texas but the medical community was slow in accepting them. I remember circa 1990 telling a medical student about Chagas' disease in East Texas - she adamantly objected "No, we don't have that in Texas or North America for that matter. Chagas' is endemic to South America." I gently suggested that perhaps her textbooks were out of date and pointed out a report on a local childrens' hospital where Chagas' was not uncommon. Sounds like they still haven't updated the textbooks BTW.

These diseases are largely been brought in by human immigrants, i.e., it's not so much infected _bugs_ that are coming North as infected _humans_. Once here, the diseases spread among the local population. This is another unintended consequence of modern immigration policy: you get the cooties along with the people. Once upon a time, long ago, people with seriously infectious diseases were not allowed into the U.S.
discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9842295
I'm defining "afford to go to college" as "have enough money to actually attend if they choose to". The number of people who actually attend is a lower bound on this number.

A quick google search yields an average cost of $9k for a state school, $22k for out of state, and $31k for private. Maybe the expensive side of college is "mortgage-sized" debt, provided you are comparing to the cheapest mortgages.
Sorry, I don't get it - why would you consider using cloud servers if you don't have significant spikes in your traffic?

Regarding hardware failures - it's not that hard to arrange proper redundancies in your systems, and it will certainly be cheaper than outsourcing it to Amazon. Cloud only becomes cost effective when your spikes are several times larger than your normal traffic, and you must maintain good QoS at all times.
And this is the beginning of the end of bus driving as a profession. Sure, this is in well defined, short (and private) routes. First Santa Clara, then Stanford shuttles, then airport shuttles, then Googlebus drivers.
Enjoy the raises while you can.
Yes you're right, I just hoped that this may be a useful mnemonic (admittedly maybe a confusing one, but worked for me) for people starting with Lua. A simplification. How the index with negative offset is computed is explained in detail in the linked PIL/"The Stack" then. From my experience, the most common errors for beginners are 1-based indexing and stack manipulation.
The antics and over-the-top bravado, reaching levels of self parody, is an acquired taste - the family connection must have provided a measure of inoculation. There is a reason why they always put the infantry barracks in the furthest corner of the base, next to the grenade range - because even Marines get tired of the self promotion. I spent several months instructing in a joint service training program at Quantico, and honestly the Army personnel bugged the hell out of me because it was so hard to get a rise out of them :) The Army's leadership in program management and standards development was always impressive, the transition to COTS procurement in the 90s is a real bummer when you look at all the interesting stuff the military was doing: Ada, IDEF1X, etc.

As far as conscription, I think that would be close to the worst thing ever. From a utilitarian perspective: it would be incredibly expensive and would reduce force readiness. From a moral perspective: it is pretty hard to logically justify the threats of violence organic to such an endeavor - threats against the intended benefactors, civilians. I might have agreed with you 10 years ago, if the infantry remained all volunteer under such a program, but the utilitarian arguments no longer appeal to me. I wish I could put my finger on exactly what bit of information flipped the switch in my brain and made me an anarchist, but it was a pretty long process. It probably occurred around the time that I was spending a lot of time studying first order logic and cybernetics (As you can see, I'm a big fan of technology once popular in the 70's). Applying lessons from those fields, related to scaling working systems, to social systems - leads to the idea that a social system founded on an immoral precept will never be able to compete against a system founded otherwise. The test is pretty easy, if a rule has an exception then the problem to which the rule applies was not well defined and this leads to serious scaling issues. I could go on for hours, but I don't think anybody really wants that.

Regrets. I don't have any, aside from not taking math more seriously as a kid. I am rational and self interested, the product of my experiences - so if I had it all to do over again, I would. But, if there was a button I could press that would magically bring a few former Fallujah residents back to life - I would press it.

BTW, the Starship Troopers reference is interesting because the author, Heinlein, has a Naval Academy grad who used the book as a platform to describe his preferred philosophy of governance. Ayn Rand did the exact same thing with Atlas Shrugged. Both are good reads, but I'm sure you won't be surprised to hear that I lean more towards Rand's objectivism.
FWIW many ebook devices can be rooted to run android and many of them are already running it, just missing the google additions. It can be done for the Nook, Amazon's LCD tablets, and Kobo devices too. The tricky issue is that the google play books app might not result in the best experience for eink devices.

When I rooted my Nook, the refresh rate was horrid, the eink display would have to constantly flash the screen due to how it worked, and apps mostly had black UIs which didn't look as good. The battery life also went down considerably so there are cons to consider.
>RED’s story is one that is rooted in the American tradition of game-changing companies that started in a simple garage.

>Jannard was the founder and owner of sunglass and sportswear giant Oakley, providing him with the capital and means to literally engineer the future of digital cinema

That must have been a nice garage.
Kotlin is still in development, and the documentation is patchy. I couldn't recommend it for production usage just yet. However, having used a bit of it in an Android app, I think in a couple years it has a chance to be the canonical "java but better". At least I hope so.
> If Amazon 'jacks up it's prices', Netflix will simply move to another provider.

Like hell they will. The switching cost for Netflix, and really most heavy AWS users, would be extreme at this point. A good portion of the engineering org would pretty much have to dedicate themselves to the task of switching. That isn't to say other organizations can't be nimble between providers, but it would be hard for Netflix at this point.

AWS is already engaging in a commodity hardware market in order to run the DCs running. AWS fears becoming a pure extension of the same thing, and they have a decent bit of lock-in designed to their services for that reason.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8527440

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9613493
This is true - I love Scala for its hybrid nature. I'm just saying that I wish prominent members of its community would too. For example if you go on to the #scala IRC channel half the regulars on their will be complaining about how terrible Scala is ... For a variety of reasons that can be summed up as: its not Haskell.

If you spend a bit of time there it fades to background noise and #scala is actually a really friendly and helpful place - but "x is hard to do in Scala because Scala [sucks]" is an odd impression to give a newcomer.
Yes, Waze is a religion in Israel, perhaps because traffic conditions there are so unexpected. While on vacation there recently I downloaded the app, but found it unusable. The amount of noise in the UI - alerts, ads, IMs from other drivers - is unbearable.

I find that Google Maps is simple, clean, and quite accurate in predicting time to destination. Plus, now it displays traffic jams and incidents signaled by Waze users.
How to Install Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP (LAMP) Stack on Ubuntu
I'm part of the dev team that is responsible for appcatalyst, feel free to reach out: fabio at vmware dot com
The smartphone price wars are not victimless
As someone who works on a far smaller video platform than Netflix commands, I can definitely say that AWS has given us plenty of freedom in places that planning our tiny slice of a DC has not. We dabble with dedicated hardware, but it takes so much more planning and budgeting - mostly of human resources. The budget we stick to is barely monetary, as it eventually gets quite a bit cheaper to run things (especially video transcoding) upon metal, but hours and mindspace are far more costly. The things we have started moving to metal are tested on the cushy and forviging pillow that is "AWS". We build and monitor there long before we consider moving the services to our own hardware and that conversation includes total cost, including those that are sunk into the massively larger upfront investment (buying / maintaining servers).

That said, we try not to build our system _within_ the world of AWS, but rather "on top" of it. Our backend software is written to run on any recent ubuntu distro, and moving elsewhere, whether it be another cloud platform or dedicated hardware, is more of an Operational issue than something requiring significant changes in our soft machinery. For instance, we stick with our own messaging services rather than SQS as it's more portable. And our databsaes are RDS (MySQL). I assume this is why AWS sticks to well-used protocols for its larger services, because it allows us to use their services with an open mind and not worry as much about vendor lock-in. This gives us room to grow and worry about the expense when the expense becomes a valid issue.

We're allowed to build on their platform without worrying about whether we can move on to another, provided we keep that in mind. As it stands, we're almost completely on AWS, but I run our entire platform on my [ubuntu] desktop without issue. The Ops are different, as I'm installing our software and dependencies manually, but the software itself can live on any server. And even as we consider dedicated servers, we keep in mind that we may want to continue using AWS for scaling during spikes, and so we continue to write our software and manage our systems accordingly - keeping in mind the idea that it should run on any system that meets our minimum requirements, whether it be bare metal, managed, or in the "cloud".
discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10041651
Not any more, and especially not compared to the HiSeq 2000 used for that paper. PacBio's raw sequencing cost is now about on par with where the HiSeq was when it first launched. And because of the error profile you don't need as much coverage and it's a lot less effort to assemble. So the total project cost now is comparable, even if the raw sequencing cost is higher still.
Frontier: Pasword forgotten? We can give it by chat or by phone
And if it was a buffer overflow that lead to an arbitrary RCE instead of a firmware-overwrite, and the fix was to upgrade the code to fix the buffer overflow?
You're not allowed to show google's bots a different thing than what a user sees when they click a search link.

Which is not the same as visiting the link via other methods (entering into URL bar directly, for example).
My branch is in working order, you can build and use it with appcatalyst: https://github.com/frapposelli/machine/tree/appcatalyst-driv...
This is really awesome, thanks Nathell. I'm going to use this.

I have written a few one-off site dumping bots, but I hope I can become great at using Skyscraper instead.
Fostering+Your+Business+Productivity+with+Web-based+Time+Tracking
Thanks for elaborating, I appreciate it. I don't think my installation is getting enough load to see these tmp issues yet, but good to know what I might have to deal with in future. I agree that with so many dependencies, Thumbor is a great candidate for deploying with Docker.

Btw, I didn't realise you were the searchcode.com guy, great site!
Bits and Bytes
The price seems pretty enticing for me as someone who is thinking about venturing into amateur filmmaking.
I need to work on technique, lighting and basics so I'll just stick to a cheapish HD camera with manual controls (I have the good old HF G25 on my mind) for now. Cost adds up quickly (light, sound, computer upgrade for editing).
I guess I'll keep this one in mind as the potential next step up.

312.5 MB/s for the best format that's almost 19 GB/minute so a 256GB card will hold <14 minutes. Those cost about 600$ so if you really want to shoot at that storage cost is going to be nontrivial.
>It stays this way because of social inertia.

Its not inertia, its the same thing that happened to the $75K minimum wage guy. US people HATE when someone less successful than them gets something "for free".
Excuse my ignorance, but I have an honest question. I assume that income inequality can be approximated by measuring the difference between the income of a certain group of high-earners and a certain group of low-earners. If the income of the low-earners is increased by mandate then wouldn't the entire system, over time, adjust upward? Wouldn't the difference between the two groups (income inequality) remain the same?
Angular 2 Talk at SwissJS
Show HN: AppFaqs.co
Monads, Monoids, Applicatives, all very simple things. Most people make it seem difficult just to show off and feel as part of an elite. Which is a shame as it prevents wider usage.

James is one of the few people who don't make Monads into a mythical being.

http://james-iry.blogspot.de/2007/09/monads-are-elephants-pa...
Answering to 1st paragraph:

In our parts of the world (eastern Europe), but I'm sure all the more in 3rd world countries, women don't get insulted if somebody suggests they shouldn't work during their pregnancy.

For most of them, unfortunately, working or not working is not decided on a whim, but because they need to feed their family.

So if you were to suggest them not to work during their pregnancy, they would be all but insulted, most likely they would laugh, knowing it's not a question of preference.
Favoring Snackbars Over Security
In terms of page count, a quick google search suggests federal regulations dropped under Reagan, then rose ever since then.

https://1.bp.blogspot.com/-0MCZ3FJXJJs/UA7zeOEIanI/AAAAAAAAF...
A big thing for me is for reading when travelling. With a physical book, I have to cart something bigger around with me. Reading on my phone, I don't have to carry anything extra. If I want to abandon one book for a while to read another, it's right there as well.
This obviously comes down to personal preference but I personally prefer the explicit conversions for the added clarity.
Lovin' their elevator: why Germans are loopy about paternosters
Ask HN: What JavaScript libraries should I use to create an interactive 3d map?
I don't need to access geo-location data. Lets say I want to create an indoor map of a house.

I have a data model of the dimensional data of the house(length, breadth, height, rooms ..etc). What should I use to create an interactive map to show the house ?

I have mainly decided on using d3 and threejs. But I don't have any experience in this area and would love to hear opinions from you guys.
Wouldn't this basically make cars no longer street legal?
Fast and Agile YouTube Embed – Responsive iFrame Load Delay with JQuery
Congrats guys!! I guess it's down to us and Virtualmin as the last to represent YC W07 :)
What helps most beginners with Monads etc. is seeing it from a problem perspective: You have two things and want to combine them to get a third thing. Depending on how these things are 'wrapped' you need different concepts:

Monoid: A + B (|+|)
Functor: M[A] => (A => B) => M[B]
Monad: M[A] => (A => M[B]) => M[B]
Applicative: M[A] => M[A=>B] => M[B]
Kleisli: (A => M[B]) => (B => M[C]) => (A => M[C])