skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here are few lessons of Erlang (mostly stolen from Erlang Factory talks, books Learn You Some Erlang, Joe's, etc).

* L1: Today we are stuck building distributed and highly concurrent systems. We don't have a choice. Single CPU, single machine, where speed doubles every 18 month era is in the past. Because of the internet and lot of data most systems today are distributed. (How many startups do you know that ship a standalone desktop program these days?)

* L2 : Distributed and concurrent systems to be useful have to be fault tollerant. We don't want a segfault or panic caused by one corner case, triggered by one client, to bring down the rest of the server and the rest of the million connected clients. That would be a horrible page/phone call to get at 4am

* L3 : For the systems to be tollerant they have to be built out of isolated components, such that when they fail that failure doesn't spread through-out the whole system.

* L4 : Isolation can be achieved in a few ways:

- A runtime system that prevents sharing memory -- OS processes do this. Erlang's VM does this as well, except you can have millions processes on a single machine.

- Proving memory won't be shared. Rust's compiler can do this. It can prove at compile time that you won't have data races between your threads. Rust is the best and most interesting new thing in languages in the last decade probably.

- Running in a container, VM or a different machine. At the end of the day of course, if your service is running on a simple (non-mainfraim-y) single machine, it is not fault tollerant.

* L5 : These isolated concurrent units also send messages to each other to communicate (instead of say reading from a shared memory with a mutex thrown in there some place). These units are often referred to as "Actors" and there is a whole class of frameworks, libraries that implement that besides Erlang (Akka, Orleans, etc.)

* L6 : Erlang in addition to these basic blocks also comes in with:

- Functional programming approach. Your data and variables are immutable. So it is easy to look at a piece of code and understand what is being changed. State updates are very explicit. And that is on purpose.

- A framework of patterns used to build/monitor/distribute these concurrency units. This is called OTP.

- Monitoring and debugging capabilities. You can connect to a running VM node, inspect, trace, debug even live code update without stopping the system.

- An decades long ecosystem and experience building these kind of systems.

* L7 : If you are afraid of non-curly braces syntax and do not like typing , instead of ; take a look at Elixir. It is a new language but runs on the Erlang VM.

Hopefully this helps!
It looks like they took an approach similar to GNUStep, with its inverted layers compared to Apple's implementation. CF on top of Foundation on top of UIKit.

Looking a little deeper, it's missing some things... KVC/KVO are entirely absent. libdispatch looks to be pretty broken. NSNull is wrong in about 3 ways. There are several classes which are just stubs. Most of the NSLock subclasses are missing.

It's a good start, but I don't see it becoming the ObjC standard library by any stretch of the imagination.
"Public wifi", not "your own connection". You have two options for who you decide to trust:

1) A VPN company, who you've had the opportunity to research, who's primary business and reputation is based on handling your traffic.

2) Each and every WAP you connect to, in many cases with no real means to verify it's actually e.g. the official WAP of the hotel you're staying at, for something that likely costs the owners money rather than being seen as a profit center in and of itself. Their primary business and reputation is staked on something completely different than their handling of your traffic (be it their coffee, their accommodations, whatever.)

If you trust #2, statistics eventually comes into play - you will trust someone who shouldn't have been trusted. This also ignores that "public wifi" frequently performs MITM attacks for the... not entirely unreasonable purpose of providing login gateways, terms of use, etc. when you initially open up your web browser. But if you're already MITM traffic, it's not as big a stretch to substitute your own (poorly vetted) advertisements and affiliate links for a little extra revenue. Even if you don't do that, there's no guarantees your MITM tech isn't accidentally weakening security ala Superfish.
2015 is the year the old Internet finally died
HM users are highly in demand tech professionals. They hold all of the power.

An online community without the users has no value. Users have no barrier to move elsewhere.
What Is and Is Not a Technology Company
Facebook is the undisputed king of the tech industry
You're right, that does sound exhaustive.

Anyway, I just wanted to share my unique perspective and experiences without getting down voted, and I've already lost 2 karma on this discussion.

If you have an interest in the country's culture more than its military history (or modern military history) you might enjoy some of Alex Kerr's writing, either Lost Japan or Dogs and Demons.
No need to borrow money if the stock is liquid, you can perform a 'sell to cover' transaction, in which your options are exercised and enough of your stock options are sold to pay for that at the same time. Any broker can handle that without a loan required.
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Meet the Windwheel
> Some human cultures still use that form of reproductive organization.

Citation needed. In what culture "all females mate and carry the children of the one leader, all other males don't mate _at all, ever", or anything even close to this?

By contrast, there are a lot of cultures (eg. India, the Arab/Muslim world) where marriage is societally more or less obligatory.
"Majority-rule democracy exists only in theory in the United States"
Vanity letter shapes.

Without commenting on the piracy of fonts, and as a non-designer myself, this is definitely a non-designer's perspective :-).
Did he actually bluntly ask "Will you have sex with me?".
What can be done to fix this problem?
The myth of language universals [pdf]
Isn't the universal language love?
This is exactly how news is created these days, unfortunately. "Cancer cure using garlic!" is actually "Long term study of 1000 garlic eaters shows a 5% decrease in the incidence of gastrointestinal cancers."
You criticized it for being arbitrary.

I assert that any system would be arbitrary, because we can't we can't count years either from the beginning of the universe, from the beginning of the Earth, or the beginning of life, because none of those dates are known with adequate precision. Furthermore we can't use "years since the date this text was written" because that would make reading any such text an absolute chore.

If there isn't an alternative, then complaining that about that arbitrariness is a worthless contribution to this discussion. Do you think that less arbitrary alternatives exist? Forget suggesting an alternative... are there alternatives at all?
If you find this interesting, you'll love http://www.linotypefilm.com/. It was on Amazon Prime Video about a year ago.
The D programming language has compiler support for this. Unfortunately due to legacy concerns it's opt-in, which makes it much less useful, and the designers have said that they regret not adding it to the language earlier when it could have been mandated.

It has the `pure' keyword, which can be used to annotate functions that don't have any side-effects other than mutating its arguments. If you want to disallow mutating arguments, you can just const them up. In the article's example, you could probably eliminate a lot digging through code by only looking at the functions without a `pure' annotation and where `profile.verified_email' is accessible in a non-const argument.

The D designers call the property that the `pure' annotation enforces "weak purity" and I think it's a really useful notion for managing side effects in imperative languages. In C, for example, it just means that you can't mutate global (or local static) variables, or mutate anything through them (no mutating the value pointed at by a global).

Shame it didn't make it into Rust. I guess the rationale was that it made lambdas too complicated and didn't reall come with much benefit (there aren't many more ways to violate weak purity in Rust than in C, and Rust actually forbids mutable globals anyway).
San Francisco, or Des Moines, Iowa? Really depends on where you are.
And then it's posted and discussed at hackernews.
The name 'Standard Treasury' is a little bit on the grandiose side to be honest. 'Standard Markdown'? :-) In some culture, people deliberately give their little children rustic/ugly/low-key names in the hopes of being deemed worthless by the devils and thus left alone during the growing up. Not I am saying the name has something to do with the current affair.
Rubes should be chastised for being rubes. The probability's higher that a rube can learn to understand the losing nature of their position than that a con will give up the benefits of theirs.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergamy
Gratte-ciel: le Vietnam toujours dans une course effrénée
> As the study, published in the BMJ on Tuesday, was observational, conclusions could not be drawn about cause and effect but the team of international authors, led by researchers at the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, suggested that more research could lead to dietary advice being updated. Experts warned that the study did not provide evidence to “prompt a change in diet”.
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No that is when radioactive forms of carbon start to push us into a different situation with regards to radiocarbon dating. It is basically pre nuclear weapons and post now.
And then I just read this which contradicts my above statements a bit: https://gigaom.com/2011/06/05/5-mistakes-you-cant-afford-to-...
Good point. Even acknowledging the idea that whites can be discriminated against in certain circumstances is verboten.
> What can be done to fix this problem?

Mendelian randomization, sometimes.

You need a genetic variant that is pretty well studied and doesn't have too many effects, just a small handful that are well characterized.

A well characterized variant is in ALDH2. [1] People with normal ALDH2 metabolize alcohol normally. Those with variant ALDH2 process acetaldehyde poorly, so this unpleasant metabolite remains in their blood longer, causing discomfort and flush. Those with 0 variant alleles drink more than those with 1 allele; those with both mutations in alleles drink the least.

Let's say you had some variant like that, but for spicy food metabolism. The more variants in this spicy food metabolism gene, the more spicy the food felt to you so you might eat less.

If those who would be genetically expected to tolerate more spicy food survived longer than you would otherwise expect in a (genetic) dose-dependent fashion, then this would be suggestive that spicy food intake might be in the causal pathway of longevity. You would have to do additional work to be sure that the gene didn't do other things in metabolism (pleiotropy) that directly had effects on longevity.

1 = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3525274/
Which is why a proper minimum wage set forth by government is required.
unfortunately, being a programmer means having to actually know at least one programming language. pick a language, and learn it.

if you keep giving up, then maybe programming isn't for you. And thats okay, not everyone on earth is a programmer, and being a programmer doesn't mean all of your problems are magically solved.

think about it this way: if you are getting frustrated to the point of giving up on learning a programming language, what makes you think that a career in programming is for you?
While I recognize that any mimicry of Tufte's print approach in CSS is going to come across as prescriptivism, that was not the point. Tufte CSS was a toy project that seemed worth sharing. It turns out, figuring out which of his methods translate from print to the web is not straightforward. It's an exercise. That process of implementing sidenotes (for instance), and thinking about what they mean in the modern web, is valuable. Sidenotes are but one technique, like data-"ink" ratios and minimal use of hierarchical headings are merely guiding ideas. My goal with Tufte CSS was not to say "this is how websites should look" but rather "here are some techniques we've found useful elsewhere; maybe you'll find them useful on the web" and "here is a sketch of implementing this set of ideas".

While I do think Tufte CSS could be a good starting point for a variety of webpages that want to communicate a point using text, tabular data, figures, and code, I don't think that websites should see Tufte CSS, or Tufte's print projects in general, as a design goal. Different projects, in whatever media, should present their information as best suits their particular circumstances.

Anyway, I apologize for giving the impression of cargo-culting. If there's any way I can change the wording in either the README or the demo doc to better reflect that this is not a design prescription, please let me know.
Take this with the same perspective as how the article treats correlation/causation, but I'll share an interesting anecdote. I have several family members in their 90's that love to put cayenne pepper in/on almost anything. One even puts it in orange juice if you can believe that. I tried it once... That fellow started smoking when he was in WWII and hasn't stopped. The less-eccentric/vegan/non-smoker members of the family seem to make it to late 70's.
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Actually, I don't think anyone can blog well [You need to be able to write well, to express your ideas well and so on.].
The article says that everyone can start learning how to cook or to program by practicing but this doesn't mean everyone can do it well. This is why not everyone can program. The author emphasises on the fact that not everyone can become a good programmer.
This is true for almost everything: some people are just more gifted than others. For instance, everyone can learn how to play music, play sports, market a product, learn about marine biology, sciences... but this doesn't mean they will be good at it.
Apple doesn't really seem to care much about its users once their money has changed hands. Look at how long every iPhone in the world was able to be remotely rebooted via a single text message. That took nearly two months to fix.

They're much more interested in getting you to sign up for their new music service than they are in making sure the devices you use it on are secure.
You're crazy!
Please keep nationalist politics off HN.
I was going to say the same thing -- but if your company is not yet public, that might not be easy to do.
Apple.com, One of the World’s Biggest Stores, Gets a Redesign
It's a mini node.js environment. So you can require npm packages. I believe native module support is iffy but getting better.
What is America?
First ride: Lexus hoverboard
bluejekyll is right that long-term you move the tax burden from income tax to capital gains tax which has a benefit (in my opinion not benefit enough).

As a shareholder of the company you can't sell whenever you want, e.g. there might be restrictions that if you find a buyer all other shareholder have equal right to sell to that buyer. You can't assess the value because private companies rarely assess themselves (tax reasons, strategic reasons) and who you're selling to can also be limited, e.g. by requiring full board approval.

If the company is in trouble at some point then investors and shareholder watch each other (in the negative sense) and it's get political who can sell and how much. In worst case you have to deal with power play in the board, an in-transparent situation where you might not even know all the players.

As you can see the risk increases. Only worth it if you want to their get more control (board seat or get your voice heard) or if you want to keep stock rather than stock options in case you ever get fired or similar event (because you'd loose the options usually).
Do you have plans to add more fields in the response? For example, it would be nice to get the company's ticker symbol if they are publicly traded.
pdf.js was a pretty cool hack, but I wonder if it's time to integrate pdfium.

edit: I meant "hack" in the "cool application of technology" sense.
iTunes on Windows is as much AppKit as it is on OS X; which might be to say, not much, maybe… but definitely a lot of ObjC and Foundation.
Is there anything from your freelance development projects that jumps out as potentially worthwhile? Many of the best bootstrapped SAAS businesses I've seen have come from problems people encountered while freelancing or working on other things:

Tyler Tringas created StoreMapper based upon freelance work he was doing: http://tylertringas.com/storemapper-store-locator-bootstrapp...

Andrew Culver created ChurnBuster after repeatedly running into credit card renewal problems for clients: https://www.churnbuster.com

I built ExpeditedSSL - https://www.expeditedssl.com - after getting fed up with adding SSL to client sites.

Josh Pigford built BareMetrics - https://baremetrics.com after getting frustrated with trying to understand his metrics from other SAAS projects.

In general freelancing is a great spot to be in to observe what pains businesses have that are sufficiently difficult that they'll shell out actual amounts of money to deal with.
Everyone gets frustrated at some point. The key is not to give up, but overcome the issues making your frustrated :)

Pick one of the following, in no particular order and certainly not a complete list, and immerse yourself in it (Python, Ruby, Java). Then build your career.
Oh nice, ya, I didn't address the Lagrange point because I didn't have any knowledge of it.
TIL, interesting. I wonder if they are keeping it just in case one day they need to ship other apps in Windows (e.g. Xcode, Mail, Reminders, etc)
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It's not. It's only promised to be. Kinda like FaceTime was promised to be an open standard.
I haven't seen much if any media from Viacom or Disney that involves depicting the viewer doing something they didn't actually do. Can you be a bit more specific?
Doesn't seem to work in 10.11
Angular.treeview
Yup... here we go again!
Why are they linking to private bugs?
Things we don't need, that don't have a value or solves a problem that we're struggling with.

Lots of startups are making such apps. It just pains me so much when there are so many problems out there that would be far more worthy of the time you put in such apps.
2-page description from the author: https://www.blackhat.com/docs/us-15/materials/us-15-Domas-Th...
does this mean we can compile iphone apps on windows now?
Reading the pleac pages, it's amazing how javascript is getting close and closer to ml. It's all going back to its roots since js was quite {scheme} so it's not that surprising but still a joy to see.

Module.foo (fun (x,y) -> ...) ...
AngularJS Google Picker Directive
It's going to be interesting to see what the ramifications are this for trusted execution environments, where people are validating the hardware they are running on via tboot.

It's fortunate that newer platforms seem to be immune (see https://security-center.intel.com/advisory.aspx?intelid=INTE... ), but remediation after exploit via total hardware replacement would _suck_ for anybody with servers just a couple of years old.
Programming can be hard. You can sit on problems for hours shouting f*ck all along because something doesn't work. The documentation might be wrong, timing issues might show a bug only occasionally, hardware fails, network unstable, specifications from customers unusable and the new programming language or library not working as expected. I've spent days of my life debugging unicode character issues in databases.

Anyway, my point is be prepared that the job isn't smooth sailing and point&click. What you experience learning a new language or syntax and feeling about giving up is part of the job. Often programmers aren't just creators but complex problems solvers.

( The submitter's earlier question about oil rigs https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9914916 (never mind why the question is on a hacker forum) doesn't display confidence)
Appreciate the insight. This one line though...

"You might be surprised to find out languages from the 1970s and 1980s have better abstractions (e.g. functors/modules) than some designed today. :)"

...is uniquely appropriate as I've been amazed by and posted so much old work on forums that there's little that surprise me. Far as abstractions, I think Ten15 (below) was most interesting I found given its potential as an integrator. Burroughs Architecture, IBM System/38, Wirth's layered design of Lilith, Genera LISP's developer flow... the best attributes of these still haven't been matched imho by modern work. Still worth remembering and factoring into one's next project if possible.

http://www.mca-ltd.com/martin/Ten15/introduction.html
That you need to unmount swap (and change the overcommit memory setting) is a given, even for soft-real-time.

Hard realtime linux systems do that as a basic given, and all real-time code I've ever seen was C, C++ or SmallTalk, and effectively bypasses the kernel entirely.
Show HN: Low-power, distributed cryptocurrency mining for charity
I think you put far too much trust in one of thousands of clone VPN services. There's no reputation to taint, there's stock standard scripts running on commodity VPS boxes they rented from somewhere else. I would be shocked if at least some of the most commonly used ones weren't run by people looking to sniff credentials. You're paying to pipe all of your sensitive information through some random persons box, which is just ludicrous.
Sadly, different races commit crimes at a ... different rate. I find this to be pretty logical to be honest.

e.g. For instance, certain physical properties (running fast comes to mind) , are correlated with crime. These physical properties aren't distributed randomly across races.
Hi all, creator here. I'm happy to answer any questions and welcome any/all feedback!
The Black Sea is aquatically contiguous with the Mediterranean, so it is safe to say that there was a spanning civilization in that climate zone, after humanity migrated north of the Sahara.

Some of the metals and ceramics found in these sites are more detailed than modern day equivalents, because there was an abundance of exquisite raw materials. There is not any blatant evidence to show advanced means of manufacture, or technology hence.
Correlation vs causation. Is it possible that people who eat the peppers also eat lots of vegetables as opposed to starchy carbs? Definitely. Is it possible people who, say, exercise more are for some reason more inclined to eat spicy foods.

They can control for any number of things, but this isn't science, it's a correlation and anyone who has taken an intro to statistics class shouldn't be fooled by a pseudoscience blog post. Really surprised to see this on the front page of a community which prides itself on its scientific knowledge.
Richard Feynman (in Surely you must be joking, mr Feynman) actually mentions doing exactly just that - he wrote he later gave it up because it was too easy and too effective
It used to live right at the top. Presumably Apple's is now the one most people are looking for.
There are a lot of geolocations in that area where you can still walk out onto sandbars during low tide. In this map, much of the green zone around Denmark is seasonally 'land'.

Ye auld name for that peninsula, "Jutland", implicates inasmuch.
I'd argue that it should fail, for any hostname/address validation other than an academic exercise.

It's valid, but the only people who ever use dword IP addresses are pentesters and their less scrupulous analogues. I have no issue disapppointing them.

There are valid dotless (and dotted) octal and hex representations too. They should also fail, I think.