Search query: Improving the reliability of electric drives of exhausters of the oxygen-converter process

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abstract: This paper deals with increasing the reliability of electric drives of exhausters of the oxygen converter process. The dependences of the reliability parameters in the electrical converter electric motor system on the power reserve were obtained. The costs for the installed equipment were taken as an optimization criterion. It is noted that improving the reliability of an electric drive is possible both by increasing the overall power of the power unit and by changing the number of phases. It is shown that the reliability of the system can be improved in a synchronous electric drive with pulse vector control at the reservation of a semiconductor converter. A mathematical model of the electrical converter reluctance motor with a field regulated machine complex is proposed. The results of the mathematical modeling of the synchronous electric drive with pulse vector control are considered. The dependence of the specific electric parameters on the number of phases is determined.
author_names: M A Grigor'ev

Dmitry Sychev

Artyom M Zhuravlev

Evgeny S Khayatov

Nikita V Savosteenko
title: Improving the reliability of electric drives of exhausters of the oxygen converter process
year: 2015

abstract: With the requirements for reducing emissions and improving fuel economy, automotive companies are developing electric, hybrid electric, and plug in hybrid electric vehicles. Power electronics is an enabling technology for the development of these environmentally friendlier vehicles and implementing the advanced electrical architectures to meet the demands for increased electric loads. In this paper, a brief review of the current trends and future vehicle strategies and the function of power electronic subsystems are described. The requirements of power electronic components and electric motor drives for the successful development of these vehicles are also presented.
author_names: Ali Emadi

Young-Joo Lee

Kaushik Rajashekara
title: Power Electronics and Motor Drives in Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2008

abstract: Electric traction is one of the most promising technologies that can lead to significant improvements in vehicle performance, energy utilization efficiency, and polluting emissions. Among several technologies, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) traction is the most promising technology that has the advantages of high performance, high fuel efficiency, low emissions, and long operating range. Moreover, the technologies of all the component hardware are technically and markedly available. At present, almost all the major automotive manufacturers are developing hybrid electric vehicles, and some of them have marketed their productions, such as Toyota and Honda. This paper reviews the present technologies of HEVs in the range of drivetrain configuration, electric motor drives, and energy storages
author_names: Mehrdad Ehsani

Yimin Gao

JohnM Miller
title: Hybrid Electric Vehicles: Architecture and Motor Drives
venue: Proceedings of the IEEE
year: 2007

abstract: The fuel economy and all electric range (AER) of hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are highly dependent on the onboard energy storage system (ESS) of the vehicle. Energy storage devices charge during low power demands and discharge during high power demands, acting as catalysts to provide energy boost. Batteries are the primary energy storage devices in ground vehicles. Increasing the AER of vehicles by 15% almost doubles the incremental cost of the ESS. This is due to the fact that the ESS of HEVs requires higher peak power while preserving high energy density. Ultracapacitors (UCs) are the options with higher power densities in comparison with batteries. A hybrid ESS composed of batteries, UCs, and/or fuel cells (FCs) could be a more appropriate option for advanced hybrid vehicular ESSs. This paper presents state of the art energy storage topologies for HEVs and plug in HEVs (PHEVs) Battery, UC, and FC technologies are discussed and compared in this paper. In addition, various hybrid ESSs that combine two or more storage devices are addressed.
author_names: Alireza Khaligh

Zhihao Li
title: Battery, Ultracapacitor, Fuel Cell, and Hybrid Energy Storage Systems for Electric, Hybrid Electric, Fuel Cell, and Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles: State of the Art
venue: IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
year: 2010

abstract: Environmental Impact and History of Modern Transportation Air Pollution Global Warming Petroleum Resources Induced Costs Importance of Different Transportation Development Strategies to Future Oil Supply History of EVs History of HEVs History of Fuel Cell Vehicles Fundamentals of Vehicle Propulsion and Brake General Description of Vehicle Movement Vehicle Resistance Dynamic Equation Tire Ground Adhesion and Maximum Tractive Effort Power Train Tractive Effort and Vehicle Speed Vehicle Power Plant and Transmission Characteristics Vehicle Performance Operating Fuel Economy Brake Performance Internal Combustion Engines 4S, Spark Ignited IC Engines 4S, Compression Ignition IC Engines 2S Engines Wankel Rotary Engines Stirling Engines Gas Turbine Engines Quasi Isothermal Brayton Cycle Engines Electric Vehicles Configurations of EVs Performance of EVs Tractive Effort in Normal Driving Energy Consumption Hybrid Electric Vehicles Concept of Hybrid Electric Drive Trains Architectures of Hybrid Electric Drive Trains Electric Propulsion Systems DC Motor Drives Induction Motor Drives Permanent Magnetic BLDC Motor Drives SRM Drives Design Principle of Series (Electrical Coupling) Hybrid Electric Drive Train Operation Patterns Control Strategies Design Principles of a Series (Electrical Coupling) Hybrid Drive Train Design Example Parallel (Mechanically Coupled) Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design Drive Train Configuration and Design Objectives Control Strategies Parametric Design of a Drive Train Simulations Design and Control Methodology of Series Parallel (Torque and Speed Coupling) Hybrid Drive Train Drive Train Configuration Drive Train Control Methodology Drive Train Parameters Design Simulation of an Example Vehicle Design and Control Principles of Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Statistics of Daily Driving Distance Energy Management Strategy Energy Storage Design Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design Energy Consumed in Braking and Transmission Parallel Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Series Parallel Mild Hybrid Electric Drive Train Peaking Power Sources and Energy Storages Electrochemical Batteries Ultracapacitors Ultra High Speed Flywheels Hybridization of Energy Storages Fundamentals of Regenerative Breaking Braking Energy Consumed in Urban Driving Braking Energy versus Vehicle Speed Braking Energy versus Braking Power Braking Power versus Vehicle Speed Braking Energy versus Vehicle Deceleration Rate Braking Energy on Front and Rear Axles Brake System of EV, HEV, and FCV Fuel Cells Operating Principles of Fuel Cells Electrode Potential and Current Voltage Curve Fuel and Oxidant Consumption Fuel Cell System Characteristics Fuel Cell Technologies Fuel Supply Non Hydrogen Fuel Cells Fuel Cell Hybrid Electric Drive Train Design Configuration Control Strategy Parametric Design Design Example Design of Series Hybrid Drive Train for Off Road Vehicles Motion Resistance Tracked Series Hybrid Vehicle Drive Train Architecture Parametric Design of the Drive Train Engine/Generator Power Design Power and Energy Design of Energy Storage Appendices Index
author_names: Mehrdad Ehsani

Yimin Gao

Ali Emadi
title: Modern electric, hybrid electric, and fuel cell vehicles fundamentals, theory, and design
year: 2009

abstract: s of the 59th Meeting (Spring Meeting) March 26 30, 1 984, Dortmund Springer International
author_names: Deutsche Physiologische Gesellschaft Abstracts of the 54 M Organizers
title: Deutsche Physiologische Gesellschaft Abstracts of the 59th Meeting (Spring Meeting) March 26 30, 1984, Dortmund
venue: Pflugers Archiv
year: 2004

abstract: Note from the Series Editor. Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgments. Chapter 1: Introduction. 1.1 Electric Propulsion Background. 1.2 Electric Thruster Types. 1.3 Ion Thruster Geometry. 1.4 Hall Thruster Geometry. 1.5 Beam/Plume Characteristics. References. Chapter 2: Thruster Principles. 2.1 The Rocket Equation. 2.2 Force Transfer in Ion and Hall Thrusters. 2.3 Thrust. 2.4 Specific Impulse. 2.5 Thruster Efficiency. 2.6 Power Dissipation. 2.7 Neutral Densities and Ingestion in Electric Thrusters. References. Problems. Chapter 3: Basic Plasma Physics. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Maxwell's Equations. 3.3 Single Particle Motions. 3.4 particle Energies and Velocities. 3.5 Plasma as a Fluid. 3.6 Diffusion in Partially Ionized Gases. 3.7 Sheaths at the Boundaries of Plasmas. References. Problems. Chapter 4: Ion Thruster Plasma Generators. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Idealized Ion Thruster Plasma Generator. 4.3 DC Discharge Ion Thruster. 4.4 Kaufman Ion Thrusters. 4.5 rf Ion Thrusters. 4.6 Microwave Ion Thrusters. 4.7 2 D Computer Models of the Ion Thruster Discharge Chamber. References. Problems. Chapter 5: Ion Thruster Accelerator Grids. 5.1 Grid Configurations. 5.2 Ion Accelerator Basics. 5.3 Ion Optics. 5.4 Electron Backstreaming. 5.5 High Voltage Considerations. 5.6 Ion Accelerator Grid Life. References. Problems. Chapter 6: Hollow Cathodes. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Cathode Configurations. 6.3 Thermionic Electron Emitter Characteristics. 6.4 Insert Region Plasma. 6.5 Orifice Region Plasma. 6.6 Hollow cathode Thermal Models. 6.7 Cathode Plume Region Plasma. 6.8 Hollow Cathode Life. 6.9 Keeper Wear and Life. 6.10 Hollow Cathode Operation. References. Problems. Chapter 7: Hall Thrusters. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Thruster Operating Principles and Scaling. 7.3 Hall Thruster Performance Models. 7.4 Channel Physics and Numerical Modeling. 7.5 Hall Thruster Life. References. Problems. Chapter 8: Ion and Hall Thruster Plumes. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Plume Physics. 8.3 Plume Models. 8.4 Spacecraft Interactions. 8.5 Interactions with Payloads. References. Problems. Chapter 9: Flight Ion and Hall Thrusters. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Ion Thrusters. 9.3 Hall Thrusters. References. Appendices. A: Nomenclature. B: Gas Flow Unit Conversions and Cathode Pressure Estimates. C: Energy Loss by Electrons. D: Ionization and Excitation Cross Sections for Xenon. E: Ionization and Excitation Reaction Rates for Xenon in Maxwellian Plasmas. F: Electron Relaxation and Thermalization Times. G: Clausing Factor Monte Carlo Calculation. Index.
author_names: Dan M Goebel

Ira Katz
title: Fundamentals of Electric Propulsion: Ion and Hall Thrusters
year: 2008

abstract: With the more stringent regulations on emissions and fuel economy, global warming, and constraints on energy resources, the electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles have attracted more and more attention by automakers, governments, and customers. Research and development efforts have been focused on developing novel concepts, low cost systems, and reliable hybrid electric powertrain. This paper reviews the state of the art of electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles. The topologies for each category and the enabling technologies are discussed
author_names: C C Chan
title: The State of the Art of Electric, Hybrid, and Fuel Cell Vehicles
venue: Proceedings of the IEEE
year: 2007

abstract: ing Department of General Electric Company at the Hanford Atomic Products Operation, where he is involved primarily with long range process development and/or improvements. He is a graduate of Brigham Young University, where he obtained a B.E.S. in chemical engineering. Prior to joining General Electric, Mr. Godfrey worked for American Potash and Chemical Corporation's Research Department as a research engineer concerned with pilot scale process development.
author_names: W L Godfrey

R D Benham
title: Process
year: 1965

abstract: The increasing interest in energy storage for the grid can be attributed to multiple factors, including the capital costs of managing peak demands, the investments needed for grid reliability, and the integration of renewable energy sources. Although existing energy storage is dominated by pumped hydroelectric, there is the recognition that battery systems can offer a number of high value opportunities, provided that lower costs can be obtained. The battery systems reviewed here include sodium sulfur batteries that are commercially available for grid applications, redox flow batteries that offer low cost, and lithium ion batteries whose development for commercial electronics and electric vehicles is being applied to grid storage.
author_names: Bruce S Dunn

Haresh Kamath

Jean Marie Tarascon
title: Electrical Energy Storage for the Grid: A Battery of Choices
venue: Science
year: 2011