Search query: SEM solar cell

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abstract: Abstract A Photovoltaic cell is an electrical gadget that changes over light legitimately into power by photovoltaic impact. Semiconductor materials are the fundamental materials they are made of. Cells are intended to deal with daylight and are made of single intersection or multijunction for different retention and charge partition instrument. Sun based cell configuration includes determining the parameters of a solar cell structure to expand proficiency. Effectiveness of a sun oriented cell basically relies upon Grid components (Ribbon, Busbar, Pad and Finger) Textures, materials and formats. Ray Tracing and Surface Morphology with different periodicity also influences the efficiency of Solar Cell due to change in Photo Current Densities. In this paper, SEM investigation and surface morphology are performed on lattice components of both mono and poly crystalline sunlight based cells which legitimately impacts cell effectiveness.
author_names: Suresh Kumar Tummala

Satyanarayana Kosaraju
title: SEM analysis of grid elements in mono crystalline and poly crystalline based solar cell
year: 2020

abstract: Abstract A copolymer of hydrochloric acid doped o anthranilic acid with o aminophenol (PAAOAP) was prepared in a highly acidic medium based on the oxidative polymerization in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 200) as a soft template by ferric chloride initiator. The resulting doped hydrochloric acid copolymer (PAAOAP) was characterized by several techniques including FTIR, XRD, SEM, TGA, and UV Vis NIR spectrophotometer. A PAAOAP thin film was prepared by spin coating technique with a thickness of 200 3 nm. By applying the specific fabrication conditions summarized in the synthesis of polymer solar cell part and post production annealing at 323 k, the polymer solar cells were established with a power conversion efficiency of 8.23% Interesting thermal stability was studied for these devices. To improve the performance of heterojunction diodes, specific thermal annealing was employed. As a result, the conducting polymer crystallinity and nanoscale morphology were significantly enhanced resulting in improving the collection of charges at the electrode. By this way, the device efficiency was increased by reducing the series resistance of the polymer solar cells.
author_names: M Sh Zoromba

Mohammed A Tashkandi

Abdulmohsen Al Alshehri

Mohammed H Abdel-Aziz

Mohamed Bassyouni

Safia A Mahmoud

Ahmed Ben Slimane

Ahmed F Al-Hossainy
title: Polymer solar cell based on doped o anthranilic acid and o aminophenol copolymer
year: 2020

abstract: Abstract ZnO nanorods doped with different concentrations of Ag and Nd (1 7% were synthesized by hydrothermal method. In this article we describe the synthesis, characterization and applications of pristine ZnO, Ag doped ZnO and Nd doped ZnO nanorods in hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells. Their optical, structural, and morphological properties were analyzed by using UV Visible spectroscopy, X ray diffraction (XRD) Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy dispersive X ray spectroscopy (EDX) The X ray diffraction analysis reveals that the pristine and doped ZnO nanorods were crystallized in a hexagonal wurtzite structure. SEM images supplemented with EDX were used to explore the morphology, size and chemical composition of pristine ZnO, Ag doped ZnO and Nd doped ZnO samples. UV visible absorption spectra showed that bathochromic shift occurred when ZnO nanorods were doped with Ag and Nd up to a certain limit of dopant concentration. Doped ZnO nanorods were found more conducting than prisitne ZnO nanorods. This work also represents the chemical modification of pristine ZnO, Ag doped ZnO, and Nd doped ZnO nanorods with a bromopyrogallol red dye (Br PGR) which is not reported yet. The pristine and doped samples were sensitized with Br PGR and the material so sensitized was tested in solar cell. The optical properties of grafted samples were thoroughly studied by using UV visible spectroscopy. The Nano hybrid material was tested as a photoactive blend of the DSSCs and their current voltage measurements (I V) were performed to examine the effect of pristine and doped ZnO nanorods on the performance of solar cells. Moreover current voltage (I V) measurements confirmed the boosting of efficiency in pristine and doped ZnO nanorods based DSSCs owing to their sensitization with Br PGR. Maximum power conversion efficiency of 1% was recorded for Ag doped ZnO nanorods.
author_names: Abdus Saboor

Syed Mujtaba Shah

Hazrat Hussain
title: Band gap tuning and applications of ZnO nanorods in hybrid solar cell: Ag doped verses Nd doped ZnO nanorods
venue: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a potential semiconductor being investigated for a variety of applications as many are dependent upon its typical shape. Using hydrothermal method, ZnO nanorods are grown using equimolar solutions of Zinc nitrate and Hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) This study aims to investigate the effects of temperature on morphology of the zinc oxide structures. HMTA beyond acting as a pH buffer, creates a steric interference at lower temperature which gives space for nanorod growth. At higher temperature, this effect is dominated by the excess of ammonia involvement cancelling the non polar chelation thereby resulting in rice shaped structures. These structures were characterized by SEM, XRD, RAMAN spectroscopy, UV Vis spectroscopy and photoluminescence. The dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) performance is also studied. It is stipulated that though the nanorods show better efficiency, microrice has potential space for improvement.
author_names: A Saranya

T Devasena

H Sivaram

Ramasamy Jayavel
title: Role of hexamine in ZnO morphologies at different growth temperature with potential application in dye sensitized solar cell
venue: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract In this study, superstrate type ITO/TiO2/In2S3/C2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cells were investigated. We obtained thin film solar cells by using the facile, vacuum free solution process which has no require complex system. The C2ZnSnS4(CZTS) thin film was produced by solution process and dip coating technique on the glass substrate and annealed at 515 degC for 30 min under argon condition. The CZTS thin film was characterized by means of XRD, micro Raman, XPS, SEM EDX, AFM and UV Visible Spectrometer tools. The XRD result showed that the CZTS quaternary semiconductor crystallized in the kesterite phase formation. The Raman and X ray photo electron studies were conducted to support the formation of crystalline structure. The SEM and AFM images showed that the surfaces of substrate were covered with sub micron sized CZTS absorber without any cracks. The optical study revealed that the CZTS has a suitable band gap energy about ~1.65 eV for solar cell applications. All the layers of the CZTS solar cells including the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) ITO, TiO2/In2S3 buffers and CZTS absorber layers were also coated on the soda lime glass by the solution process, respectively. The ITO/TiO2/In2S3/CZTS device exhibited the solar conversion efficiency of 0.7% which was the first device that all layers including TCO obtained by means of the non vacuum processed solution method.
author_names: Ahmet Tumbul

Ferhat Gurkan Aslan

Abdullah Goktas

Ibrahim Mutlu
title: All solution processed superstrate type Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film solar cell: Effect of absorber layer thickness
venue: Journal of Alloys and Compounds
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract Silver:zinc nanocomposite (Ag:Zn BMNC) was successfully synthesized by chemical reduction method and employed in various layers of the device structure to fabricate efficient thin film organic solar cell. The photoactive layer of the solar cell is composed of poly(3 hexylthiophene) and [6,6] phenyl C61 butyric acidmethyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) The nanocomposites, loaded at various layers of the device structure, appeared to have different influences on the performance of the solar cells. The optical and electrical properties of the nano particles are found to be favourable to harvest solar radiation because of the local plasmon resonance effect (LPSR) of the metal nano particles. The concentration of Ag:Zn nano particle has been successfully optimized to achieve a high device performance which led to a power conversion efficiency as high as 5% under ambient laboratory condition. The x ray diffraction (XRD) Scanning and Tunnelling electron microscopies (SEM and TEM) were employed to investigate the nature of the nano composite.
author_names: Elhadi A A Arbab

Genene Tessema Mola
title: Metals decorated nanocomposite assisted charge transport in polymer solar cell
venue: Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract This paper presents the impact of thickness of RF sputtered CdTe thin film as an absorber layer through structural and optical characterization in ZnxCd1 xS/CdTe solar cells at lower concentration of zinc (Zn) The crystallographic, morphological and optical properties of CdTe thin film fabricated on top of bare soda lime glass were elucidated by X ray diffraction (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. XRD spectra shows that crystallinity increases in thicker samples and the CdTe (1 1 1) diffraction peak intensity centered at 23.825deg increases with the increase of film thickness confirming the zinc blend structure of CdTe thin film. The window layer ZnxCd1 xS was fabricated with optimum deposition conditions by co sputtering of ZnS and CdS. The complete cell was fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering with the cell configuration of glass/FTO/ZnxCd1 xS/ZnTe/Ag. With the increasing thicknesses of CdTe the cell efficiency increases with the highest efficiency of 8.79% for 3.5 mm of CdTe. This paves the way of novel window of ZnCdTe for smoothening the junction mismatches in hetero junction CdTe thin film solar cells.
author_names: Mohammad S Hossain

Kazi Sajedur Rahman

Mohammad Rezaul Karim

Mohammed Omer Aijaz

Mushtaq Ahmad Dar

Muhammad Ali Shar

Halina Misran

Nowshad Amin
title: Impact of CdTe thin film thickness in ZnxCd1 xS/CdTe solar cell by RF sputtering
venue: Solar Energy
year: 2019

abstract: Poly(ortho phenylenediamine) (PoPDA) microrods with ladder type structure are synthesized in acidic medium (pH 0.5) at room temperature based on a developed and facile method. The molecular structure, thermal stability, and surface morphology of the microrods shaped PoPDA were described by different characterization techniques comprising FTIR, TGA, 1HNMR, and SEM. Optimized thin films of PoPDA were successfully fabricated by thermal deposition method. The thin film was characterized by XRD and AFM. Au/PoPDA/p Si/Al heterojunction diodes have been successfully fabricated. Dark current voltage and capacitance voltage characteristics were applied to get the particular parameters of the devices. Photovoltaic features of Au/PoPDA/p Si/Al heterojunction at various intensities of white light illumination are studied. Under optimized conditions, the fabricated planar heterojunction solar cells utilizing a 95 10 nm of PoPDA film exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.64% (JSC 41.78 A/m2, VOC 0.36 V, and FF 28.11% The relatively small FF (at room temperature with IP) and Rs of the devices designate that by increasing of the absolute temperature, the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells can be improved.
author_names: M Sh Zoromba

Mohamed Helmy Abdel-Aziz

Mohamed Bassyouni

Haitham Bahaitham

Ahmed F Al-Hossainy
title: Poly(o phenylenediamine) thin film for organic solar cell applications
venue: Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract A highly efficient photovoltaic nanocomposite device is demonstrated by fabrication of structural clusters of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on silicon solar cells via a boil deposition method. The efficiency of silicon solar cell was augmented by coating Ag NPs ultra thin film deposition on silicon solar cell. Chemically synthesized silver NP's, their consumption on a silicon thin layer and the operation of photovoltaic nanocomposite device were characterized by using several electron probe microscopic pectroscopic and spectrometric techniques viz. x ray diffraction (XRD) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR TEM) Photoluminescence, UV visible absorption, dielectric, current vs. voltage I V and capacitance vs. voltage C V characteristics. Poly dispersed nature of 'Ag' nanoparticles established the anisotropy of these NPs when coated on silicon solar cells. Their efficiency enhancement was confirmed from HR TEM image via time domain finite difference technique to deliberate the particle distribution effect on an ultra thin film of silicon solar cell, indicating the sufficient enrichment in the efficiency of solar cell. Furthermore, the current work explores the developement of novel glass frits for utilization in next generation of high efficiency smart solar cells.
author_names: Theivasanthi Thirugnanasambandan

Kaushik Pal

Anjali Sidhu

M Abd Elkodous

H Lakshmi Ram Prasath

K Kulasekarapandian

Abbas Ayeshamariam

Jaison Jeevanandam
title: Aggrandize efficiency of ultra thin silicon solar cell via topical clustering of silver nanoparticles
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract In the present study, we synthesized TiO2 nanofibers (NFs) by electrospinning technique and they were subject to solvosonication process using glycerol as a pore forming agent to produce porous TiO2 NFs. The prepared porous TiO2 NFs are seen to improve the light harvesting capability as a result of enhanced light scattering inside the TiO2 NFs and offer a high surface area for maximum adsorption of pre synthesized CdSe ~4 nm) QDs. The FE SEM and BET analysis were performed to confirm the surface texture and surface area of porous TiO2 NFs, respectively. Finally, QDSSCs were fabricated using these porous TiO2 NFs sensitized with CdSe QDs as the photoanode, Cu2S nanoparticles as the counter electrode and polysulfide redox couple (S2 /Sx2 as the electrolyte. The porous TiO2 NFs obtained by solvosonication at the time duration of 90 min has enhanced photocurrent density (Jsc) of 9.21 mA/cm2 with high power conversion efficiency (e) of 2.15% than the conventional TiO2 NFs (e 1.50%
author_names: Nisha Singh

Zaahir Salam

A Subasri

Narayanappa Sivasankar

Angaiah Subramania
title: Development of porous TiO2 nanofibers by solvosonication process for high performance quantum dot sensitized solar cell
year: 2018