Search query: Anomaly detection through on-line isolation Forest: An application to plasma etching

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abstract: Advanced Monitoring Systems are fundamental in advanced manufacturing for control, quality and maintenance purposes. Nowadays, with the increasing availability of data in production and equipment, the need for high dimensional Anomaly Detection techniques is thriving; anomalies are data patterns that have different data characteristics from normal production instances and that may be associated with faults or drifts in production. Tools for dealing with high dimensional monitoring problems are provided by Machine Learning: in this paper, we test the performance of a state of the art anomaly detection technique, called Isolation Forest, on a real industrial dataset related to Etching, one of the most important semiconductor manufacturing process. The monitoring has been performed exploiting Optical Spectroscopy Data.
author_names: Gian Antonio Susto

Alessandro Beghi

Sean F McLoone
title: Anomaly Detection through on line Isolation Forest: An application to plasma etching
venue: 2017 40th International Convention on Information and Communication Technology, Electronics and Microelectronics (MIPRO)
year: 2017

abstract: Advanced Monitoring Systems are fundamental in advanced manufacturing for control, quality and maintenance purposes. Nowadays, with the increasing availability of data in production and equipment, the need for high dimensional Anomaly Detection techniques is thriving; anomalies are data patterns that have different data characteristics from normal production instances and that may be associated with faults or drifts in production. Tools for dealing with high dimensional monitoring problems are provided by Machine Learning: in this paper, we test the performance of a state of the art anomaly detection technique, called Isolation Forest, on a real industrial dataset related to Etching, one of the most important semiconductor manufacturing process. The monitoring has been performed exploiting Optical Spectroscopy Data.
author_names: Gian Antonio Susto

Alessandro Beghi

Sean F McLoone
title: Anomaly detection through on line isolation Forest: An application to plasma etching
venue: ASMC 2017
year: 2017

abstract: Abstract The task of anomaly detection in data is one of the main challenges in data science because of the wide plethora of applications and despite a spectrum of available methods. Unfortunately, many of anomaly detection schemes are still imperfect i.e. they are not effective enough or act in a non intuitive way or they are focused on a specific type of data. In this study, the classical method of Isolation Forest is thoroughly analyzed and augmented by bringing an innovative approach. This is k Means Based Isolation Forest that allows to build a search tree based on many branches in contrast to the only two considered in the original method. k Means clustering is used to predict the number of divisions on each decision tree node. As supported through experimental studies, the proposed method works effectively for data coming from various application areas including intermodal transport and geographical, spatio temporal data. In addition, it enables a user to intuitively determine the anomaly score for an individual record of the analyzed dataset. The advantage of the proposed method is that it is able to fit the data at the step of decision tree building. Moreover, it returns more intuitively appealing anomaly score values.
author_names: Pawel Karczmarek

Adam Kiersztyn

Witold Pedrycz

Ebru Al
title: K Means based isolation forest
venue: Knowl. Based Syst.
year: 2020

abstract: Web applications are the most common platforms for the exchange of information and services on the Internet. With the launch of web 2.0, information has flourished through social networking and business online. Therefore, websites are often attacked directly. As a result, the industry has paid more attention to the security of web applications in addition to security under computer networks. Intelligent systems based on machine learning have demonstrated excellent result on tasks such as anomaly detection in web requests. However, current methods based on traditional models cannot extract high level features from huge data. In this study, the authors proposed methods based on deep neural network and parallel feature fusion that features engineering as an integral part of them and plays the most important role in their performance. The proposed methods use stacked autoencoder and deep belief network as feature learning methods, in which only normal data is used in the classification of training phase, then, one class SVM, isolation forest, and elliptic envelope are applied as classifiers. The authors compared the proposed model with different strategies on CSIC 2010 and ECML/PKDD 2007 datasets. Results show that deep model and feature fusion model demonstrated as hierarchical feature learning which had better performance in terms of accuracy and generalisation in a reasonable time.
author_names: Ali Moradi Vartouni

Mohammad Teshnehlab

Saeed Sedighian
title: Leveraging deep neural networks for anomaly based web application firewall
venue: IET Inf. Secur.
year: 2019

abstract: In this paper, an enhanced on line diagnostic system which utilizes dual channel sensor measurements is developed for the aircraft engine application. The enhanced system is composed of a nonlinear on board engine model (NOBEM) the hybrid Kalman filter (HKF) algorithm, and fault detection and isolation (FDI) logic. The NOBEM provides the analytical third channel against which the dual channel measurements are compared. The NOBEM is further utilized as part of the HKF algorithm which estimates measured engine parameters. Engine parameters obtained from the dual channel measurements, the NOBEM, and the HKF are compared against each other. When the discrepancy among the signals exceeds a tolerance level, the FDI logic determines the cause of discrepancy. Through this approach, the enhanced system achieves the following objectives: 1) anomaly detection, 2) component fault detection, and 3) sensor fault detection and isolation. The performance of the enhanced system is evaluated in a simulation environment using faults in sensors and components, and it is compared to an existing baseline system. INTRODUCTION Reliability is an important aspect in maintaining safety and efficient operation of aircraft gas turbine engines. To ensure reliability, aircraft engine electronic control systems are equipped with some level of redundancy for backup purposes in case of a failure. This redundancy has evolved from a simple hydro mechanical backup to a dual channel full authority digital electronic control (FADEC) [1 3] In the dualchannel FADEC setup, a single engine parameter is measured by a dual channel sensor, and the FADEC receives the redundant measurements through dual channels. If a single channel fails, this failure is accommodated by utilizing the measurement on the other channel. Such an accommodation action can be taken only if the identity of the faulty sensor and its failed channel are known. Thus, in order to fully utilize the available redundancy for sensor fault accommodation, the ability to diagnose the sensors on line (real time, in flight) is required. The sensor fault detection and isolation process is initiated by cross checking the redundant measurements of each dual channel sensor. If both channels agree within a pre established tolerance, the measurements on both channels are acceptable. If not, the cross check fails, and one of the dual channels is considered faulty. A challenge arises in the subsequent process of identifying the faulty channel. Even if redundant measurements do not agree with each other, both of them may pass the range and rate checks [4] Such a failure is called an in range sensor fault and causes some difficulty in determining which channel is the failed one. For the diagnosis of an in range sensor fault, an analytical third channel is necessary as a referee in the decision making process [4] In the triplex channel setup, the redundant A dual channel sensor is defined in this paper as a device which produces two measurements of the same engine parameter. The redundant measurements are referred to as channel A and channel B measurements. It is assumed that failures can occur in either one or both channels of the sensor. Aircraft Engine On Line Diagnostics Through Dual Channel Sensor Measurements: Development of an Enhanced System Takahisa Kobayashi ASRC Aerospace Corporation Cleveland, Ohio 44135 Donald L. Simon National Aeronautics and Space Administration Glenn Research Center Cleveland, Ohio 44135 NASA/TM 2008 215229 1 measurements of a dual channel sensor are compared against the referee (analytical third channel) The channel that disagrees most with the referee is likely the faulty channel. The analytical third channel is embedded within the FADEC in the form of an analytical representation of the real engine. This analytical representation is called an on board engine model (OBEM) The OBEM captures the real engine's nominal behavior to some extent and provides expected engine output values in real time. In Ref. [5] a linear on board engine model (LOBEM) which is composed of piecewise linear models generated at multiple operating conditions over the flight envelope, was utilized for the development of a baseline system for aircraft engine on line diagnostics. This baseline system established the level of diagnostic performance which is potentially achievable in the field. In this paper, an on line diagnostic system that utilizes advanced techniques is developed to achieve a higher level of diagnostic performance. This system is referred to as an enhanced system, and it utilizes a nonlinear on board engine model (NOBEM) and the hybrid Kalman filter (HKF) algorithm [6] The NOBEM functions as the analytical third channel that provides expected engine output values in real time. The NOBEM is further utilized as part of the HKF algorithm. Based on the parameters generated by the NOBEM, the HKF estimates the engine output values which are used in the diagnostic process. Similar to the baseline system, the enhanced system achieves the following objectives: 1) anomaly detection, 2) component fault detection, and 3) sensor fault detection and isolation. The performance of the enhanced system is evaluated to determine its advantages over the baseline system. In the following section, a review of the baseline system and its implementation challenge is given first. Then, the development of the enhanced system is described, followed by a discussion regarding how the influence of engine health degradation is accounted for by the enhanced system. Then, the diagnostic approach is applied to a large commercial aircraft engine model. The performance of the enhanced system is evaluated and compared to the performance of the baseline system using simulated faults in sensors and components. NOMENCLATURE BST Booster CFS Component fault signature FADEC Full Authority Digital Electronic Control FDI Fault Detection and Isolation HKF Hybrid Kalman filter HPC High Pressure Compressor HPT High Pressure Turbine LOBEM Linear On Board Engine Model NOBEM Nonlinear On Board Engine Model LPT Low Pressure Turbine OBEM On Board Engine Model P2 Engine inlet pressure P25 HPC inlet pressure Pamb Ambient pressure PS3 Combustor inlet static pressure T2 Engine inlet temperature T25 HPC inlet temperature T3 Combustor inlet temperature T49 LPT inlet temperature Tamb Ambient temperature TMHS23 BST metal temperature TMHS3 HPC metal temperature TMHS41 HPT nozzle metal temperature TMHS42 HPT metal temperature TMHS5 LPT metal temperature TMHSBC Combustor case metal temperature TMHSBL Combustor liner metal temperature VBV Variable bleed valve VSV Variable stator vane WF36 Fuel flow XN12 Fan speed, measured XN25 Core speed, measured XNH Core speed, actual XNL Fan speed, actual e Environmental parameter vector h Health parameter vector href Reference health condition vector ucmd Control command vector v Sensor noise vector x State variable vector y Sensor output vector (controls/diagnostics) z Sensor output vector (ambient/engine inlet) REVIEW OF THE BASELINE SYSTEM The baseline system developed in Ref. [5] is composed of a linear on board engine model (LOBEM) and fault detection and isolation (FDI) logic as shown in Fig. 1. The LOBEM runs in real time and provides expected engine output values. In the triplex channel setup, the dual channel measurements are compared against each other and also against the output of the LOBEM. Based on discrepancies among the triplex channels, the FDI logic determines a root cause of the engine's anomalous behavior. Since the LOBEM is developed to represent an aircraft engine at a specific health condition, it eventually becomes an obsolete representation as the real engine continues to degrade over its lifetime. Utilization of such an obsolete engine model in the diagnostic process corrupts on line diagnostic capabilities. Thus, the LOBEM must be updated periodically so that it can accurately represent the real engine at a degraded condition. Through the periodic update of the LOBEM, the baseline system is able to maintain its diagnostic effectiveness regardless of health degradation. The major implementation challenge that must be addressed for the baseline system is the complexity involved in NASA/TM 2008 215229 2 the update process. In order to update the LOBEM, piecewise linear models must be re generated at a degraded health condition. This re generation process may have to take place on a ground based computer with human intervention. Furthermore, after the re generation process, the piecewise linear models must be uploaded to the FADEC. Such complexity raises a number of questions regarding the practicality of this approach. The complex process of updating an on board engine model must be addressed before any on line diagnostic algorithms that utilize the model can be viable. In the following section, the enhanced system is developed to address the above implementation challenge. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENHANCED SYSTEM FOR ON LINE DIAGNOSTICS The structure of the enhanced system is shown in Fig. 2. The enhanced system is different from the baseline system in the following two aspects: 1) utilization of a nonlinear OBEM instead of a linear OBEM and 2) utilization of the HKF algorithm. The NOBEM functions not only as the analytical third channel but also as part of the HKF algorithm [6] The HKF algorithm utilizes the parameters generated by the NOBEM in order to estimate the engine output values. The estimated engine outputs are used by the FDI logic in conjunction with the output of triplex channels. The elements of the enhanced system are described in this section. FDI Logic Diagnostic Result Fault Degradation
author_names: Takahisa Kobayashi
title: Aircraft Engine On Line Diagnostics Through Dual Channel Sensor Measurements Development of an Enhanced System
year: 2008

abstract: Integrated Optical (IO) devices have been gained much attention for chemical or biological sensing applications due to high sensibility, mechanical stability and the integration in Silicon [1 3] In addition, the Si technology in conjunction with techniques of micromachining has enabled the creation of a variety of novel functions in Micro Opto Electro Mechanical Systems (MOEMS) biological sensing uses the evanescent wave theory for detecting change in the refractive index or light absorption induced by the analyte contact. Spectrophotometric analysis is used to determine the concentration or amount of a particular component in an analyte [6] Usually, the samples need to be sent to a laboratory for the analysis, and the results take time. The need for rapid and on line measurements led to the development of microsystems with the substance, the detection and the readout electronics circuits all integrated in a single system with advantages that include: small sample volume, system integration, automation of measurement, short response time, improved analytical performance and reduction of time and cost. The most IO devices based in MZI have been fabricated SiN using high temperature (750 900degC) process in LPCVD system, which results in a challenge for the optical electronic device integration. In contrast, PECVD SiN films for the MZI waveguides used in this work were fabricated at low temperature ~300 degC) with some similar optical properties to LPCVD and without requirements of a post annealing temperature. In this work is presented a simple sensor based in Mach Zehnder Interferometric (MZI) configuration using silicon nitride waveguides deposited by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition. The aim of this work is to use this micro interferometer device for biological sensing using the absorbance of light. The light travels through an area of an arm of the waveguide called micro cavity where the analyte under study is attached. This light is compared with a reference arm of the waveguide, which contain the reference substance. The device was fabricated by standard CMOS technology and using bulk micromachining in order to obtain the micro cavities. The low temperature deposition of SiN thin films for the waveguide is attractive to have an integrated optic device with the read out circuits. The waveguide showed attenuation of 3% at 0.632 1/4 m. The integrated interferometric sensor is a two arm multilayered optical integrated waveguide structure with a core layer of SiN film. For sensing purposes, in the MZI device one arm is used as the reference arm and the other arm is the sensing arm, with two micro cavities between those, one for the analyte to be measured and the other used for a reference substance or a "blank" solution. The schematic of this simple MZI sensor is depicted in Figure 1. The micro cavities, placed in each arm of the MZI were fabricated using KOH as an anisotropic etching solution (45% solution at 80degC) which results in an etch rate of 1.2 mm per min, in this way for the (111) substrate a membrane with a thickness of 50 mm could be produced from a wafer with a nominal thickness of 300 mm. The thermal oxide layer served as an etch mask. The final micro interferometric device has a total length of about 10mm, width of 4mm, with a separation of the reference and measuring arms of 3.5mm, as is shown in the figure 2.
author_names: Jimenez-P Abimael

Aurelio Heredia

C Ambrosio-L Roberto

Mario Moreno

Carlos Martinez
title: Fabrication of a MZI device based on waveguides of SiN for biological detection
venue: 2011 International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS)
year: 2011

abstract: The economic performance of turbo generators and hydro generators can be considerably enhanced by on line monitoring techniques. Because vibration is an important index showing the soundness of rotating electrical machines, they can be used for early detection of anomalies and troubles. Beside end winding and shaft vibration, other parameters can be monitored and integrated for comprehensive condition assessment of the entire generator. The extent of such additional data depends on individual generator design. Generator end windings experience mechanical vibration during operation. The frequency of this vibration is twice the electrical synchronous frequency of the generator. High vibration can lead to loosening of entire endwinding support system, wear of insulation material, rupture of coil, and fatigue cracking of conductors, all of which require extensive out of service repairs. A Fibre Optic Vibration System is used to measure the vibration of high voltage generator end windings where conventional hardwired transducers cannot be safely mounted. Its database is helpful to anticipate generator end winding vibration problems, predict future maintenance needs, extend intervals between inspections, and minimise maintenance downtime. This paper presents the system to measure, display, evaluate and store stator end winding vibration measurements for predictive maintenance in order to improve the economic performance of power plants. It describes installation procedure and operation experience of the system on four identical generators at the Beznau nuclear power plant in Switzerland. 1. FIBRE OPTIC VIBRATION SYSTEM On line monitoring system can considerably enhance the economical operation of turbo and hydro generators Vibration and process data (e.g. temperature, partial discharge, hydrogen pressure, hydrogen purity, flow rate, shaft voltage and field winding shorted turns etc. can be monitored and used for evaluation of complete generator condition. This is very significant when users tend to stretch the overhaul intervals more and more: ten (10) to twelve (12 year intervals are not rare. Hydro generator application of fibre optic vibration system is more or less limited to generator motors of pump storage plants because of their very demanding operating regime; several starts and mode changes (e.g. SpinGen to Generate) a day. This causes the generator motors to undergo high thermal and mechanical stress causing quick deterioration of the bar insulation, bar solder joints, and bar wedging. Since vibration and particularly stator end windings are very important for the detection of premature anomalies and problems, they are vital in evaluating the generator condition. Because end winding vibration depends on generator operating conditions, a reliable monitoring system was designed to integrate additional process parameters (Fig. 1) It allows trending and statistic reports regarding the end winding vibration behaviour. This provides comprehensive data presentation correlated with machine operating conditions without the long and difficult interpretation of printed data. Fig. 1: Fibre Optic Measuring System Stator end windings are excited by electromagnetic forces during the operation. The vibration amplitudes are proportional to the square of the current and the frequency is twice the electrical line frequency. On endwindings with loose supports, larger vibration amplitudes can be measured at partial load than at full load. Higher endwinding vibration quickly leads to loosening of the end winding basket, insulation abrasion or cracks, as well as fatigue rupture of bars and solder links. All these failures entail long shutdowns and considerable costs. Consequently, a monitoring system not only provides valuable data to plan revision and maintenance measures, but also helps reduce downtime in case of failure shutdowns. A typical fibre optic accelerometer is shown in Fig. 2. Its unibody design consist of a small size sensor head of non conducting material, a fibre optic cable, and a feedthrough connector with built in optoelectronic circuitry. It is sensitive to vibration in a single axis. The sensor head is located at the end of a two strand, multimode, optical fibreglass cable. One fibre carries the light generated by the conditioning electronics for illumination; the sensor head returns an optical signal of variable intensity through the second fibre. The electrical isolation of the optical circuit allows the sensor to be mounted directly to the stator coil ends. Fig. 2: Fibre Optic Accelerometer with feedthrough conditioner In the conditioning electronics, the optical signal is converted to an electrical signal by optoelectronic circuitry, processed and amplified to an acceptable level. The resultant measured signal is a calibrated analogue signal of 100 mV/g proportional to vibration acceleration which can be further processed by a computer. A specially designed software provides signal processing, display and data storage. In addition, vibration velocity and displacement are processed. After Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) the measured signals are displayed as amplitude frequency spectrum (Fig. 3) The system can be used in stand alone operation or linked to plant control system. Fig. 3: Overview of software user interface 1. INSTALLATION OF FIBRE OPTIC ACCELEROMETERS The fibre optic system as shown in Fig. 1 consists of fibre optic accelerometers and cables, power supply and a computer. Such a system can be installed on generators in about seven days during an overhaul. Usually, twelve (12) accelerometers are installed per turbo generator, six (6) sensors on each side. Sensors are required for each group of phases in radial and/or tangential directions. On pump generating sets, large generators, and depending on winding design six (6) to twelve (12) or more accelerometers may be necessary. Current experiences on hydro generator propose radial measurement points at the exit of the bar from the laminations and tangential measurement points at the bar solder links. The fibre optic accelerometers are used for vibration measurements where conventional accelerometers are precluded. As previously mentioned, the accelerometer is sensitive in only one direction. Consequently, it is possible to monitor vibration of an installation in radial, axial and tangential directions. Fig. 4 shows how accelerometers and cables are installed on the end windings. It is important to respect the minimum bending radius of the optical cable to avoid breaking. It is also important to mention that the feedthrough units must be equipped with O rings withstanding the hydrogen environment of the generator and must be mounted on a flange (Fig. 5) The electrical signals are available at the feedthrough conditioning unit. Fig. 4: Installed fibre optic accelerometer for radial measurement Fig. 5: Sealed flange with six feethrough conditioners and cable 2. IMPLEMENTATION AT BEZNAU NUCLEAR POWER PLANT The Beznau Nuclear Power Plant (KKB) in Switzerland is owned and operated by Nordostschweizerischen Kraftwerke (NOK) It is located at the confluence of Aar and Rhine Rivers, on an island created by the hydro power station water channel and the Aar River (Fig. 6) The turbosets were commissioned between 1969 and 1971. Fig. 6: Overview of Beznau Power Plant The KKB nuclear power plant consists of two identical blocks equipped with Pressurised Water Reactors. The secondary circuit of each reactor is connected to two turbosets. The KKB plant produces base load power for the grid and generates a nominal net power of 365 MW per reactor. A total of four two pole generators, each rated at 228 MVA with stator voltage of 15.5 kV, are installed. The rotor and stator windings are hydrogen cooled (Fig. 7) Each turboset has accumulated more than 200'000 operating hours. Normally, inspections are done in the summer when power demand is ensured by NOK hydro power plants. Fig. 7: Hydrogen cooled two pole generator (228 MVA and 15,5 KV stator voltage) Insulation abrasion of the stator end windings was always observed (Fig. 8) on past overhaul and maintenance shutdowns of the turbosets TG11, TG12, TG21 and TG22. In view of planning future overhauls and reliable power plant operations for the next 20 to 30 years, NOK decided to monitor the effective end winding vibration and take corrective actions from this baseline. A fibre optic accelerometer system was installed to measure and evaluate end winding vibration. Fig. 8: Insulation abrasion between end winding support elements 3. PLANNING FUTURE GENERATOR OVERHAULS Until now, each block was refuelled every year along with refurbishment of all main components that cannot be maintained during operating hours. At the occasion, one generator of each block was serviced; one would have a large overhaul with rotor disassembly while the other would only be heavily tested for diagnostic with the rotor installed. This meant that a complete overhaul of each generator with rotor disassembly was done every four years. These heavy tests and maintenance works were also necessary to check the old rotor retaining ring material, perform end winding maintenance because of the insulation abrasion, check stator bar wedging system and fix loose wedges, as well as other maintenance works to the turbines. Aside from insulation abrasion of the endwindings, the introduction of necessary improvements has allowed the extension of overhaul intervals of the generators from four to eight years representing a reduction of approximately 30 to 40% of total revision costs. However, the necessary generator condition checks still remain and, in order to detect possible premature changes, an on line monitoring system was installed. Coupling capacitors were installed on the generator main switch in order to allow partial discharge measurements of the stator coils and complete transformer derivations at any time. Following recommendations of the manufa
title: Operating experience with a generator stator end winding vibration monitoring system
year: 2002

abstract: Keynote Papers. Data Clustering: A User's Dilemma. Pattern Recognition in Video. Rough Sets in Perception Based Computing. Conversational Case Based Reasoning. Computational Molecular Biology of Genome Expression and Regulation. Human Activity Recognition. Invited Papers. A Novel T2 SVM for Partially Supervised Classification. S_Kernel: A New Symmetry Measure. Geometric Decision Rules for Instance Based Learning Problems. Building Brains for Robots: A Psychodynamic Approach. Designing Smart Environments: A Paradigm Based on Learning and Prediction. Towards Generic Pattern Mining. Multi aspect Data Analysis in Brain Informatics. Small Object Detection and Tracking: Algorithm, Analysis and Application. Illumination Invariant Face Alignment Using Multi band Active Appearance Model. Globally Optimal 3D Image Reconstruction and Segmentation Via Energy Minimisation Techniques. Go Digital, Go Fuzzy. A Novel Personal Authentication System Using Palmprint Technology. World Wide Wisdom Web (W4) and Autonomy Oriented Computing (AOC) What, When, and How? Semantic Web Research Trends and Directions. Contributory Papers Clustering, Feature Selection and Learning. Feature Extraction for Nonlinear Classification. Anomaly Detection in a Multi engine Aircraft. Clustering Within Quantum Mechanical Framework. Linear Penalization Support Vector Machines for Feature Selection. Linear Regression for Dimensionality Reduction and Classification of Multi Dimensional Data. A New Approach for High Dimensional Unsupervised Learning: Applications to Image Restoration. Unsupervised Classification of Remote Sensing Data Using Graph Cut Based Initialization. Hybrid Hierarchical Learning from Dynamic Scenes. Reference Extraction and Resolution for Legal Texts. Classification. Effective Intrusion Type Identification with Edit Distance for HMM Based Anomaly Detection System. A Combined fBm and PPCA Based Signal Model for On Line Recognition of PD Signal. Handwritten Bangla Digit Recognition Using Classifier Combination Through DS Technique. Arrhythmia Classification Using Local Holder Exponents and Support Vector Machine. A Voltage Sag Pattern Classification Technique. Face Recognition Using Topological Manifolds Learning. A Context Sensitive Technique Based on Support Vector Machines for Image Classification. Face Recognition Technique Using Symbolic PCA Method. A Hybrid Approach to Speaker Recognition in Multi speaker Environment. Design of Hierarchical Classifier with Hybrid Architectures. Neural Networks and Applications. Human Computer Interaction System with Artificial Neural Network Using Motion Tracker and Data Glove. Recurrent Neural Approaches for Power Transformers Thermal Modeling. Artificial Neural Network Engine: Parallel and Parameterized Architecture Implemented in FPGA. Neuronal Clustering of Brain fMRI Images. An Optimum RBF Network for Signal Detection in Non Gaussian Noise. A Holistic Classification System for Check Amounts Based on Neural Networks with Rejection. A Novel 3D Face Recognition Algorithm Using Template Based Registration Strategy and Artificial Neural Networks. Fuzzy Logic and Applications. Recognition of Fault Signature Patterns Using Fuzzy Logic for Prevention of Breakdowns in Steel Continuous Casting Process. Development of an Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Based Control Law for a Mobile Robot with an Uncalibrated Camera System. Fuzzy Logic Based Control of Voltage and Reactive Power in Subtransmission System. Fuzzy Symbolic Analysis for Classification of Symbolic Data. Handwritten Character Recognition Systems Using Image Fusion and Fuzzy Logic. Classification of Remotely Sensed Images Using Neural Network Ensemble and Fuzzy Integration. Intelligent Learning Rules for Fuzzy Control of a Vibrating Screen. Fuzzy Proximal Support Vector Classification Via Generalized Eigenvalues. Segmentation of MR Images of the Human Brain Using Fuzzy Adaptive Radial Basis Function Neural Network. Optimization and Representation. Design of Two Dimensional IIR Filters Using an Improved DE Algorithm. Systematically Evolving Configuration Parameters for Computational Intelligence Methods. A Split Based Method for Polygonal Approximation of Shape Curves. Symbolic Data Structure for Postal Address Representation and Address Validation Through Symbolic Knowledge Base. The Linear Factorial Smoothing for the Analysis of Incomplete Data. An Improved Shape Descriptor Using Bezier Curves. Isothetic Polygonal Approximations of a 2D Object on Generalized Grid. An Evolutionary SPDE Breeding Based Hybrid Particle Swarm Optimizer: Application in Coordination of Robot Ants for Camera Coverage Area Optimization. An Improved Differential Evolution Scheme for Noisy Optimization Problems. Image Processing and Analysis. Facial Asymmetry in Frequency Domain: The "Phase" Connection. An Efficient Image Distortion Correction Method for an X ray Digital Tomosynthesis System. Eigen Transformation Based Edge Detector for Gray Images. Signal Processing for Digital Image Enhancement Considering APL in PDP. A Hybrid Approach to Digital Image Watermarking Using Singular Value Decomposition and Spread Spectrum. Image Enhancement by High Order Gaussian Derivative Filters Simulating Non classical Receptive Fields in the Human Visual System. A Chosen Plaintext Steganalysis of Hide4PGP V 2.0. Isolation of Lung Cancer from Inflammation. Learning to Segment Document Images. A Comparative Study of Different Texture Segmentation Techniques. Run Length Based Steganography for Binary Images. Video Processing and Computer Vision. An Edge Based Moving Object Detection for Video Surveillance. An Information Hiding Framework for Lightweight Mobile Devices with Digital Camera. Applications of the Discrete Hodge Helmholtz Decomposition to Image and Video Processing. A Novel CAM for the Luminance Levels in the Same Chromaticity Viewing Conditions. Estimation of 2D Motion Trajectories from Video Object Planes and Its Application in Hand Gesture Recognition. 3D Facial Pose Tracking in Uncalibrated Videos. Fusing Depth and Video Using Rao Blackwellized Particle Filter. Specifying Spatio Temporal Relations for Multimedia Ontologies. Motion Estimation of Elastic Articulated Objects from Image Points and Contours. Parsing News Video Using Integrated Audio Video Features. Image Retrieval and Data Mining. A Hybrid Data and Space Partitioning Technique for Similarity Queries on Bounded Clusters. Image Retrieval by Content Using Segmentation Approach. A Wavelet Based Image Retrieval. Use of Contourlets for Image Retrieval. Integration of Keyword and Feature Based Search for Image Retrieval Applications. Finding Locally and Periodically Frequent Sets and Periodic Association Rules. An Efficient Hybrid Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering (HHAC) Technique for Partitioning Large Data Sets. Density Based View Materialization. On Simultaneous Selection of Prototypes and Features in Large Data. Knowledge Enhancement Through Ontology Guided Text Mining. Bioinformatics Application. A Novel Algorithm for Automatic Species Identification Using Principal Component Analysis. Analyzing the Effect of Prior Knowledge in Genetic Regulatory Network Inference. New Genetic Operators for Solving TSP: Application to Microarray Gene Ordering. Genetic Algorithm for Double Digest Problem. Intelligent Data Recognition of DNA Sequences Using Statistical Models. Parallel Sequence Alignment: A Lookahead Approach. Evolutionary Clustering Algorithm with Knowledge Based Evaluation for Fuzzy Cluster Analysis of Gene Expression Profiles. Biological Text Mining for Extraction of Proteins and Their Interactions. DNA Gene Expression Classification with Ensemble Classifiers Optimized by Speciated Genetic Algorithm. Web Intelligence and Genetic Algorithms. Multi objective Optimization for Adaptive Web Site Generation. Speeding Up Web Access Using Weighted Association Rules. An Automatic Approach to Classify Web Documents Using a Domain Ontology. Distribution Based Stemmer Refinement. Text Similarity Measurement Using Concept Representation of Texts. Incorporating Distance Domination in Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm. I EMO: An Interactive Evolutionary Multi objective Optimization Tool. Simultaneous Multiobjective Multiple Route Selection Using Genetic Algorithm for Car Navigation. Rough Sets, Case Based Reasoning and Knowledge Discovery. Outliers in Rough k Means Clustering. Divisible Rough Sets Based on Self organizing Maps. Parallel Island Model for Attribute Reduction. On Line Elimination of Non relevant Parts of Complex Objects in Behavioral Pattern Identification. Rough Contraction Through Partial Meets. Finding Interesting Rules Exploiting Rough Memberships. Probability Measures for Prediction in Multi table Infomation Systems. Object Extraction in Gray Scale Images by Optimizing Roughness Measure of a Fuzzy Set. Approximation Spaces in Machine Learning and Pattern Recognition. A Rough Set Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Partial Volume Detection System. Eliciting Domain Knowledge in Handwritten Digit Recognition. Collaborative Rough Clustering. Learning of General Cases. Learning Similarity Measure of Nominal Features in CBR Classifiers. Decision Tree Induction with CBR. Rough Set Feature Selection Methods for Case Based Categorization of Text Documents. An Efficient Parzen Window Based Network Intrusion Detector Using a Pattern Synthesis Technique.
author_names: Sankar K Pal

Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay

Sambhunath Biswas
title: Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence, First International Conference, PReMI 2005, Kolkata, India, December 20 22, 2005, Proceedings
venue: PReMI
year: 2005

abstract: s of papers Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis Meeting Organized by the Working Group Pharmaceutical and Biomedica Analysis (Werkgroep Farmaceutische en Biomedische Analyse) Oss (the Netherlands) 17 November 1989 Organizin$ committee: Prof. Dr. U.A.T. Brinkman (Amsterdam) Dr. J.J.M. Holthuis (Amsterdam) Dr. J. Paanakker (Oss) Prof. Dr. D.A. Doornbos (Groningen) Dr. A.A. de Reyke (Weesp) Ir. B. te Nijenhuis (Delft) Dr. J.H.G. Jonkman (Assen) 11 1989 Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scientific edition N1 AMINO ACIDANALYSlSWffHDABSYLDERIVATIVES AUTOMATED ON LINE DERIVATIZATION AND HPLC ANALYSIS OF HISTAMINE AND 1 METHYLHISTAMINE IN SERUM. R. Both Miedema and E.H.J.M. Jansen Several high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods have been reported about the determination of amino acids with precolumn derivatization. In our hands the derlvatizatlon method using dabsyl chloride gave the best results. The present report describes the derivatlzatlon procedure and HPLC analysis of dabsybamino acids for a number of applications in our Institute. The derivatizatlon procedure with dabsyl chloride was,performed for. 10 min at 70 C. Gradient reversed phase HPLC was used for the sepgration of the dabsyl derivatives, usually with a mixture of 100 mM NaAc (pH 6.5) methanol and acetonitrile. For each application the gradient was optimized to obtain the best HPLC separation. The dabsyl derivatives shown a number of advantages relative to other derivatives, like: A very good stability of the dabsylderivatives for at least one week. A good reproducibility of 0.5to 4.2 A good limit of detection of about 3 pmol or 300 pg (S/N 10) A complete HPLC separation for all 20 amino acids. Specific detection at a wavelength of 436 nm. In our Institute, the here described pre column derivatization with dabsyIchloride was applied to a variety of investigations in which amino acids are involved, like total amino acid analysis of protein hydrolysates for several applications, monitoring of the consumption of amino acids in animal cell cultures for the production of biologicols, determination of glycine in preparations of anti thymocyte globulins. the ratio between tryptophan and four other hydrophobic amino acids in the study of the pre menstrual syndrome and the determination of thyronine residues in the thyroid for toxicological investigations. In conclusion, the pre column derivatization of amino acids with dabsyl chloride appears to be o good and practical method with a number of distinct advantages. Laboratory for Toxicology, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, P.O. Box I, 3720 BA BUthoven, The Netherlands. G. de Groat. R. Kooos. Histamine is an essential protein in several processes in man. In food products such as fish, histamine is formed during storage. Consumption of food with high concentrations of histamine can cause serious intoxications. In our Institute, a study was started in human volunteers to assess a 'no effect' level of histamine. One of the subjects was the pharmocokinetics of histamine after ingestion of histamine containing food. For this purpose a method was developed for the determination of histamine and its main metabolite 1 melhyIhistamine in human serum. Development was directed to automation of both sample preparation and derivatization. Isolation of the analytes from serum was by solid phase extraction (SPE) on a 100 mg C 18 cartridge (J.T. Baker) Retention of the analytes (primary amines) on the sorbent was based on secondary interactions of the amine groups of the analytes with ionized silanol groups of the sorbent. Since these are very strong interactions, a selective sample clean up on the cartridge was obtained. Derivatization of the compounds with o phthaldialdehyde (OPA) was necessary prior to HPLC analysis to give products with good chromatographic and fluorescent properties. This reaction was on line carried out in a stainless steel reaction coil (length 1 m. 0.75 mm I.D. through which the OPA reagent was pumped. The reaction products were directly transported to a short precolumn (30 x 4 mm filled with 5 I~m Nucleosil C 18) where they were retained and thereby isolated from the alkaline (pH 9.2) OPA reagent. Subsequently, only a small *heart cut* of the precolumn eluate was transported to the analytical column (200 x 3.0 mm filled with 5 ~m Hypersil aDS) Detection was by fluorescence detection (excitation wavelength 328 nm, emitted light detected above 417 nm) The fluid transport between the reaction coil, the precolumn and the analytical column was automated with a column switching system (MUST) Further subjects of investigation are automation of the SPE and the determination of the compounds in urine. Laboratory for Residue Analysis, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven, The Netherlands SAMPLE PRETREATMENT OF BODY FLUIDS BY ISOTACHOPHORESIS PRIOR TO LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS FULLY AUTOMATED SAMPLE PREPARATION AND HPLC ANALYSIS OF DESMETHYLDIAZEPAM IN SERUM. H.A. Claessensf P.J.M. Hendriks, M.T. Ackermans, R.W. Sparidans and F.M. Everaerts Among the sample pretreatment techniques for HPLCanalysis in bioand clinical chemistry, isotachophoresis (ITP) is of growing interest. Compared to the liquid liquid (LL) and solid phase (SP) isolation procedures, which are frequently used in these fields of application, ZTP offers a high selectivity as a sample pretreatment step for ionogenic components in complex samples prior to HPLC analysis. In this study a number of model components like codeine, morphine, theophyline, phenylacetic acid and homovanilic acid were investigated with respect to the recoveries from blank and spiked serum and urine samples. This included also samples with a relatively high ionic strength comparable to i.e. a 3 M hydrochloric acid solution which is often applied for breaking protein drug bindings in body fluids. Recoveries of 90% with standard deviations of 4% for the ITP pretreatment method were observed. An additional advantage of this sample pretreatment technique is the considerably extended lifetime and chromatographic stability of the HPLC columns due to the strong clean up effects of the ITP technique. I. H.A. Claessens et al. Chromatographia, 26 (1988) 351. Lab. Instrumental Analysis, Dept. Chemical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands. G. de Groat: K.L. Wubs. R. Kooos. In our Institute. the abstinence behaviour of benzodlazepines after chronic use is extensively studied in rats. Desmethyldiozepam is one of the test substances. One of the subjects of the study is the pharrnocokinetics of the benzodiazepines after chronic oral administration and after bolus injection. As a consequence, large series of samples are currently analyzed in these studies. The method for the determination of benzodiazepines we use;d for several years, included isolation of the anolytes from serum by salicl phase extraction (SPE) folowed by clean up of the SPE extract. The present study describes automation of these steps. In the final procedure, the SPE was automated with the ASPEC (Automatic Sample Preparation with Extraction Columns; Giison) a pipefling and injection robot with three degrees of freedom. We programmed the ASPEC to precondition a 100 mg 'High Hydrophobic' C18 SPE cartridge (J.T. Baker) to carry out the SPE of the sample and the internal standard prazepam, to dilute the sample eluate and to inject the extract in twofold into an HPLC with automated column switching system, which provided clean up and separation of the analytes. Clean up of the SPE extract was on a short precolumn (10 x 3 mm filled with 5 pm Hypersil aDS) Only a small 'heart cut' of the precolumn eluate was transported to the analytical column (1,50 x 4.6 mm filled with 5 pm Hypersil aDS) The SPE of a sample was carried out simultaneously with the clean up and chromatography of the previous sample. UV detection was at 226 nm. An important port of the study was the development of a Quality Assurance System which recorded the extraction and cleon up recovery and the performance of the precolumn and the analytical column. The overall isolation and clean up recovery was about 100 The limit of detection was 15 p,g/I using 150 p.I of serum. The precision was typically 3 5 at 1500 l~g/l. Repeatability (RSD) of reference samples over one month was 11.9 at 170 H.g/l (N=22) and 7.9 at 1500 l~gll (N=24) The application range was 15 5000 l~gll. Laboratory for Residue Analysis, National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection, P.O. Box I. Bilthoven, The Netherlands 11 1989 Pharmaceutisch Weekblad Scientific edition N3 ANALYSIS OF DAUNORUBICEN AND ITS HETABOLZTES TN PLASBA AND T I S S U E DETERMINATION OF TYROSINE AND THYRONINE RESIDUES BY LIQUID CI~,OKATOGRAPSY gZTH FLUORESCENCE DETECTION IN THYROGLOBULIN J.de Jong I S.F.Cheung r P.A.Haessen~ B.B.Pinedo and W.J.F.van der Vtjgh The c y t o s t a t i c agen t daunorub ie in i s e f f e c t i v e a g a i n s t l eukemia but c a r d J o t o x l c l t y i s an impor tan t s i d e e f f e c t common tO a l l a n t h r a c y c l i n e s S ince a n t h r a c y c l l n e m e t a b o l i t e s a r e thought to c o n t r i b u t e to the observed c a r d i o t o x i c i t y a q u a n t i t a t i v e method fo r the determination of a l l metabolJtes in plasma as ye l l as in t issues is needed as a b a s i s to f u r t h e r i n v e s t l g a t e the c o r r e l a t i o n between t o x i c i t y and the amount of each m e t a b o l i t e formed. Using Sep pak Cts cartridges we vere able to extract daunorubicln and i ts f ive metabolttes ~ncludtng the aglycones vtth recoveries ranging from 50 90Z. Fluorescence detection fol loving HP[,C separation permitted detection l imits S N 2 as lov as 0.2 to 0.9 nH in plasma and 0.8 to 3.10 1. mol/g in tissue (depending on the specif ic metabolite) w
author_names: R Both-Miedema

E H Jansen

H A Claessens

P J M Hendriks

Mariette T Ackermans

Rolf W Sparidans

Frank Everaerts

G Groot

Roger W Koops

Klaas L Wubs

J Jong

S F Cheung

Paul A Maessen

Herbert Michael Pinedo

Wim J F Vijgh

Jan den Hartigh

R H Langebroek

Pieter Vermeij

Leen-Jan Van Doom

F X R van Leeuwen

Carola E M Heeremans

R T M Hoeven

Wilfried M A Niessen

U R Tjaden

Jan van der Greef

J Hempenius

Ben Staal

H J Jeuring

C K Mensink

J H G Jonkman

H Hindriks

F A Maris

Aleksandrs Pasters

Marina de Smet

D Luc Massart

P S L Janssen

R L A E Hamelinck

Pedro A T Melgers

Jan W van Nispen

M J M Zeeland

Marielle J H Ven

Jan Vink

Hilde A J Lambrechts

Ggo Pattyn

Allan T Oosterom

Ernst A de Bruijn

Oscar R Leeuwenkamp

Robert Barto

H H Greuter

Paul Lips

Jan Coen Netelenbos

R J M Vervoort

Marck Vrieling

Erna J M Reinerink

R H Berg

Eugene Roets

L Aerden

Ivan Hoogmartens

S V Rose

J P Crombeen

L G D Lammerts Bueren

Hilde Rosing

F Elferink

F J Vaart

A C Schoots

P J F de Vries

Theo P E M Verheggen

O M Steijger

Emma Hoksbergen

Roger A Baumann

Josephus Johannes Maria Holthuis

Udo A Th Brinkman

Bart R Takkenberg

H E Van Ingen

Erik Endert

H J Reeuwijk

C van de Water

Nel Haagsma

W A Ham

Albert H Piersma

Leendert A van Ginkel

Rainer W Stephany

Jacco Farla

H J van Rossum

R van Gijn

Jos H Beijnen

J de Clippeleir

Simon Horenblas

Willy J M Underberg

Olaf van Tellingen

J H Beilnen

H R Woude

W J Nooven

K Twillert

P W Zeijlmans

M Olling

Hjgm Derks

Weng Naidong

Th Cachet

Jos Hoogmartens

Jaap Wieling

P M J Coencgracht

D A Doornbos

G Windhorst
title: Abstracts of papers Pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis meeting
venue: Pharmaceutisch Weekblad
year: 2005

abstract: Keynote Speech. The Walls of Computer Design. The Impact of Multicore on Math Software and Exploiting Single Precision Computing to Obtain Double Precision Results. Implementing Tomorrow's Programming Languages. Trends in High Performance Computing for Industry and Research. Emerging Technologies and Large Scale Facilities in HPC. Track 1. Architectures and Networks. Architecture and Performance of Dynamic Offloader for Cluster Network. Session Key Forwarding Scheme Based on AAA Architecture in Wireless Networks. Dynamic Anchor Based Mobility Management Scheme for Mobile IP Networks. Forest Search: A Paradigm for Faster Exploration of Scale Free Networks. Choosing a Load Balancing Scheme for Agent Based Digital Libraries. A Novel Software Solution for Localized Thermal Problems. The Optimum Network on Chip Architectures for Video Object Plane Decoder Design. A Hardware NIC Scheduler to Guarantee QoS on High Performance Servers. Studying Several Proposals for the Adaptation of the DTable Scheduler to Advanced Switching. Asymmetrical SSL Tunnel Based VPN. Multihomed Routing in Multicast Service Overlay Network. Region Based Multicast Routing Protocol with Dynamic Address Allocation Scheme in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. A Novel Approach for Topology Aware Overlay Multicasting. Limitations of Fixed Timers for Wireless Links. Performance Analysis of IEEE 802.11e WLANs with Hidden Stations and Heterogeneous Traffic. Study on High Performance IPv4/IPv6 Transition and Access Service. Limiting the Effects of Deafness and Hidden Terminal Problems in Directional Communications. Enforcing Dimension Order Routing in On Chip Torus Networks Without Virtual Channels. A Distributed Backbone Formation Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. A Service Differentiation Mechanism for Improving the Performance of IEEE 802.15.4 Sensor Networks. Randomized Leader Election Protocols in Noisy Radio Networks with a Single Transceiver. A Hybrid Intelligent Preventive Fault Tolerant QoS Unicast Routing Scheme in IP over DWDM Optical Internet. Track 2. Languages and Algorithms. From XML Specifications to Parallel Programs. Managing Grid Computations: An ORC Based Approach. Adaptive Technique for Automatic Communication Access Pattern Discovery Applied to Data Prefetching in Distributed Applications Using Neural Networks and Stochastic Models. Process Scheduling Using Ant Colony Optimization Techniques. Interlocking Control by Distributed Signal Boxes: Design and Verification with the SPIN Model Checker. A Delay Time Based Peak Load Control for Stable Performance. Interference Aware Dynamic Subchannel Allocation in a Multi cellular OFDMA System Based on Traffic Situation. Sized Based Replacement k Replacement Policy in Data Grid Environments. Barrier Elimination Based on Access Dependency Analysis for OpenMP. Parallelization Algorithms for Three Body Interactions in Molecular Dynamics Simulation. An Efficient Distributed Algorithm for Mining Association Rules. Adaptive Algorithms Using Bounded Memory Are Inherently Non uniform. On the Implementation of Parallel Shortest Path Algorithms on a Supercomputer. An Efficient K Coverage Eligibility Algorithm on Sensor Networks. A Distributed Algorithm for a b Coloring of a Graph. Topology Sensitive Epidemic Algorithm for Information Spreading in Large Scale Systems. Performance Modeling and Optimal Block Size Selection for the Small Bulge Multishift QR Algorithm. A Parallel Mutual Information Based Image Registration Algorithm for Applications in Remote Sensing. A Novel Broadcasting Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. Track 3. Middleware and Cooperative Computing. Middleware Services for Pervasive Grids. Allocating QoS Constrained Workflow Based Jobs in a Multi cluster Grid Through Queueing Theory Approach. Managing Multiple Isolation Levels in Middleware Database Replication Protocols. Proof and Evaluation of a 1CS Middleware Data Replication Protocol Based on O2PL. Reconfiguration of Information Management Framework Based on Adaptive Grid Computing. Framework for Enabling Highly Available Distributed Applications for Utility Computing. A Bluetooth MPI Framework for Collaborative Computer Graphics. Study on Application Server Aging Prediction Based on Wavelet Network with Hybrid Genetic Algorithm. Autonomic Service Reconfiguration in a Ubiquitous Computing Environment. Remote Class Prefetching: Improving Performance of Java Applications on Grid Platforms. Using Data Consistency Protocol in Distributed Computing Environments. Design and Evaluation of a Parallel Data Redistribution Component for TGrid. MetaLoRaS: A Predictable MetaScheduler for Non dedicated Multiclusters. The Cost of Transparency: Grid Based File Access on the Avaki Data Grid. A Topology Self adaptation Mechanism for Efficient Resource Location. A Replication Based Fault Tolerance Protocol Using Group Communication for the Grid. Increasing Availability in a Replicated Partitionable Distributed Object System. Exploiting Multidomain Non Routable Networks. Recovery Strategies for Linear Replication. Mobile Agents Based Collective Communication: An Application to a Parallel Plasma Simulation. Track 4. Software and Applications. A Static Parallel Multifrontal Solver for Finite Element Meshes. A Software Architecture Framework for On Line Option Pricing. An Open Source Web Service Based Platform for Heterogeneous Clusters. Cost Models and Performance Evaluation of Similarity Search in the HON P2P System. Matrix Based Programming Optimization for Improving Memory Hierarchy Performance on Imagine. On Design and Implementation of Adaptive Data Classification Scheme for DSM Systems. TraceDo: An On Chip Trace System for Real Time Debug and Optimization in Multiprocessor SoC. Automatic Performance Optimization of the Discrete Fourier Transform on Distributed Memory Computers. Debugging Distributed Shared Memory Applications. Implications of Memory Performance for Highly Efficient Supercomputing of Scientific Applications. Optimisation of the Parallel Performance of a 3D Device Simulator for HEMTs. Video Shot Extraction on Parallel Architectures. Performance of Real Time Data Scheduling Heuristics Under Data Replacement Policies and Access Patterns in Data Grids. Multi site Scheduling with Multiple Job Reservations and Forecasting Methods. Evaluating the Dynamic Behaviour of PROSA P2P Network. Towards Fully Adaptive Pipeline Parallelism for Heterogeneous Distributed Environments. Compiler Directed Energy Time Tradeoff in MPI Programs on DVS Enabled Parallel Systems. A GPGPU Approach for Accelerating 2 D/3 D Rigid Registration of Medical Images.
author_names: Minyi Guo
title: Parallel and Distributed Processing and Applications, 4th International Symposium, ISPA 2006, Sorrento, Italy, December 4 6, 2006, Proceedings
venue: ISPA
year: 2006