Search query: Metal grating solar energy

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abstract: This paper discusses the metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) solar cells for energy harvesting from indoor light emitting diode (LED) illumination using Al/SiO2/Si p structures. Wafers of the Si p (100) with a resistivity of $10\Omega .cm were used. The gate dielectric was grown by rapid thermal processing (RTP) with thicknesses of 1.65, 1.73, 2.10 and 2.23 nm. The main parameters studied were extracted using electrical characterization through IxV curves of the MOS solar cells with total areas of 3.24 \text{c}\mathrm {m}{2} At first, it was observed an increase of the dark current density from 0.49 to $4.4\mu \text{A}\text{c}\mathrm {m}{2} for the thickness varying from 1.65 to 2.23 nm. It is worthy of note the increase of the generated power from 8.1 to $46.7\mu \text{W}\text{c}\mathrm {m}{2} with the rise of the thickness in the range of 1.65 to 2.23 nm for a constant incident power of 5 mW/\text{c}\mathrm {m}{2} In this case, the lower the thickness, the higher the tunneling current through the gate dielectrics, which causes the decrease of the depletion region length and this decrease, in turn, makes the generation current density lower in the depletion region. Also, the reduction of the short circuit current (JsC) due to the increase of the widths (W) and spacings (S) of the fishbone grating geometry was well correlated with the decrease of the perimeter (Pe) and the rise of the aspect ratio W/S.
author_names: Marcos Norio Watanabe

William Chiappim

Veronica Christiano

S G Santos Filho
title: MOS solar cells for indoor LED energy harvesting: influence of the grating geometry and the thickness of the gate dielectrics
venue: 2019 34th Symposium on Microelectronics Technology and Devices (SBMicro)
year: 2019

abstract: Polymer solar cells hold the promise for a cost effective, lightweight solar energy conversion platform, which can benefi t from simple solution processing of the active layer. 1 3 At present, bulk hetero junction polymer solar cells show power conversion effi ciency (PCE) close to or over than 8% 4 10 However, the quantum effi ciency of polymer solar cells is mainly limited due to the comparatively low carrier mobility and charge recombination. 1 3 A thinner active layer can lower the probability of charge recombination and increase the carrier drift velocity by having higher electric fi eld, thus enhancing the internal quantum effi ciency, while a minimum fi lm thickness is always required to ensure suffi cient photon absorption. 11 12 Therefore, how to increase the light absorption of a polymer fi lm at a limited thickness of fi lm still remains as a challenge. The incorporation of plasmonic structures with photovoltaic devices has been shown to increase solar cell photo current and may lead to new opportunities for inexpensive, and high effi ciency solar cell designs. 13 20 Recently, metallic nanostructures have been introduced into thin inorganic semiconductor solar cells (e.g. Si and GaAs solar cells) for highly effi cient light harvesting by strong light scattering behavior and concentrated near fi eld through the localized and surface plasmonic effects of different metallic nanostructures. 12 17 More recently, metallic nanostructures have been used to enhance the performance of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells, such as introducing the localized plasmonic nanostructure of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) in carrier transport layer, 18 22 incorporate into active layer of bulk junctions, 23 25 both carrier transport layer and active layer 26 and most of them are concentrated on wide band gap polymer, such as poly 3(hexylthiophene) (P3HT) Importantly, low bandgap polymer can cover a broad absorption range, it is therefore attractive if we can enhance the PCE of low bandgap polymer solar cell by plasmonic structure. In this study, the low bandgap polymer benzodithiophene polymers (PTB7) 6 is used to demonstrate the surface plasmonic effects of large area metallic
author_names: Jingbi You

Xuanhua Li

Fengxian Xie

Wei E I Sha

J Kwong

Gang Li

Wallace C H Choy

Yang Yang
title: Surface Plasmon and Scattering Enhanced Low Bandgap Polymer Solar Cell by a Metal Grating Back Electrode
year: 2012

abstract: We present analytical and numerical investigations revealing a new recipe of ultra broadband metamaterial absorber, comprising a periodic 1D grating of a multilayered, alternating metal dielectric, tapered structure. We report over 99% absorption using molybdenum (metal) germanium (dielectric) layers at normal incidence in the visible and nearinfrared regime of the solar radiation spectrum. The broadband absorption is attributed to multiple slow wave modes getting absorbed at different layers. Additionally, our simulation model shows angle insensitivity up to 60 degrees. Absorbance spectra, obtained from effective medium theory, agree well with our simulation results. Potential applications can be solar energy harvesting and stealth technologies.
author_names: Ashish K Chowdhary

Debabrata Sikdar
title: Ultra broadband Wide Angle Metallo Dielectric Metamaterial Absorber for Solar Energy Harvesting
venue: 2019 Workshop on Recent Advances in Photonics (WRAP)
year: 2019

abstract: In this paper, a solar thermal absorber based on a dielectric filled two dimensional nickel grating is designed and numerically investigated for wide angle and polarization independent broadband absorption. The absorption of the proposed two dimensional meta surface absorber reaches nearly 100% in the whole visible region (400 800 nm) The physical mechanisms responsible for the high absorption including the impedance matching with the free space, the cavity resonances and the surface plasmonic resonances have been elucidated in detail. The strong resonances effectively trap the incident light in the nano cavities and then dissipate it by the ohmic losses of the metal, giving rise to the high absorption of the proposed absorber. The meta surface absorber may find applications in solar cells, photovoltaics, thermos photovoltaics, thermal emitters, plasmonic sensors, and solar energy harvesting.
author_names: Qiuqun Liang

Huigao Duan

Xupeng Zhu

Xuandong Chen

Xiong-ping Xia
title: Solar thermal absorber based on dielectric filled two dimensional nickel grating
venue: Optical Materials Express
year: 2019

abstract: An effective scheme is proposed and investigated to improve the performance of thin film solar cells using a two dimensional (2 D) plasmonic grating structure at the rear electrode or back metal contact. The proposed light trapping scheme replaces the conventional flat rear electrode by a corrugated electrode with a square mesh of periodic grooves forming a 2 D plasmonic grating. The grating surface diffracts the light and increases the path for reflected light. Further, the energy of surface plasmons excited inside the grooves gets coupled to the absorber layer. An efficient light trapping scheme and surface plasmons resonance conjointly increase the absorption in the absorber layer of solar cell, which results as enhanced efficiency. Maximum contribution of light path enhancement and surface plasmons is achieved by optimizing the periodicity, width, and depth of the grooves. The proposed design is compared with the conventional simple solar cell as well as with the solar cell having the rear electrode with 1 D plasmonic grating structure to demonstrate the effectiveness of the scheme. Finally, the optimized design is proposed which exhibits 92% absorption, 43% enhanced light path and more than 200% increase in the short circuit current as well as conversion efficiency.
author_names: Abhishek Pahuja

Manoj Singh Parihar

Dinesh Kumar V
title: Performance Enhancement of Thin Film Solar Cell Using Two Dimensional Plasmonic Grating in Rear Electrode
venue: IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology
year: 2019

abstract: Spectrally selective solar absorbers are widely employed in solar thermal energy systems. This work theoretically investigates thermal radiative properties of metamaterials consisting of 1 D and 2 D grating Mie metamaterials (tungsten nanoparticles embedded in alumina) on top of multilayered refractory materials (tungsten silicon nitride tungsten) as a promising selective solar absorber. The proposed metamaterial shows high absorptance from the ultraviolet to near infrared lights, while exhibiting low emittance in the mid infrared regime owing to Mie resonances, surface plasmon polaritons, and metal dielectric metal resonance. The optical properties of designed metamaterial solar absorbers are angular independence of up to 75deg and polarization insensitive. The total absorptance of 1 D and 2 D grating Mie metamaterials are 90.59% and 94.11% respectively, while the total emittance are 2.89% and 3.2% respectively. The photon to heat conversion efficiency is theoretically investigated under various operational temperatures and concentration factors. Thermal performance of grating Mie metamaterials is greatly enhanced within a one day cycle, and the stagnation temperature under different concentration factors manifests the potential feasibility in mid and high temperature solar thermal engineering.
author_names: Yanpei Tian

Xiaojie Liu

Fangqi Chen

Yi Zheng
title: Perfect grating Mie metamaterial based spectrally selective solar absorbers
venue: OSA Continuum
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract In this letter, we present an ultra broadband and wide angle perfect absorber based on composite Ge Ni grating. Near perfect absorption above 90% is achieved in a wide frequency range from 150 nm to 4200 nm, which covers almost the full spectrum of solar radiation. The absorption keeps robust in a wide range of incident angle from 0o to 60o. The upper triangle Ge grating works as an antireflection coating. The lower Ni grating works as a reflector and an effective energy trapper. The guided modes inside Ge grating are excited due to reflection of the lower Ni grating surface. In longer wavelength band, gap surface plasmons (GSPs) in the Ni grating are excited and couple with the guided modes inside the Ge grating. The coupled modes extend the perfect absorption band to the near infrared region (150 nm 4200 nm) This design has potential application in photovoltaic devices and thermal emitters.
author_names: Xu Tao Li

Zongpeng Wang

Yumin Hou
title: Ultra broadband and wide angle perfect absorber based on composite metal semiconductor grating
year: 2018

abstract: We numerically and analytically report an ultra broadband near perfect absorber based on one dimensional metal dielectric metal grating at visible light for TM polarization. A unit cell of this design is composed of metal dielectric metal grating, where the bottom metallic layer and the upper metallic coating are separated from each other by the intermediate dielectric grating. The absorber exhibits an average absorption of over 90% in the range 400 700nm. Moreover, they remain very high over a wide range of incident angle up to 45deg.The electromagnetic field distributions are investigated, which reveals that this broadband absorption behavior is ascribed to the combination of surface plasmon resonance and cavity resonance. Furthermore, impedance calculations were carried out to explain the absorption behavior. The ultra broadband near perfect angle robust absorber can be a good candidate for many fascinating applications, including solar energy harvesting as well as producing artificial colors on a large scale substrate.
author_names: Minghui Luo

Yun Zhou

Linsen Chen

Yan Ye

Su Shen

Shangliang Wu
title: Ultra broadband near perfect absorption of visible light based on one dimensional metal dielectric metal grating for TM polarization
venue: Other Conferences
year: 2016

abstract: The low cost and efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown considerable improvement in power conversion efficiency in the last few years. PSCs consist of perovskite material as photoactive layer with the advantages of having high diffusion length, high absorption coefficient, broad absorption region, high efficiency and low cost. In the present paper, Methylammonium Lead Iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) is synthesized and deposited by using drop casting method. The Perovskite material has been characterized with X Ray Powder Diffraction, Ultraviolet Visible Spectroscopy, Current Voltage Characteristics, and Steady State Photocarrier Grating Technique to estimate structural properties, optical band gap, activation energy, photosensitivity and diffusion length of minority carriers (Ldiff) respectively, which are significant factors to have an efficient solar cell. In future, we are going to use this material as an active layer of Perovskite solar cell.
author_names: Sameeksha Sharma

Nazilla Soleimanioun

Mamta Rani

S K Tripathi
title: Study of CH3NH3PbI3 as an active layer of organo metal halide perovskite solar cells
year: 2019

abstract: We report on the fabrication, characterization and simulation of diffraction gratings for back contact reflectors in III V solar cells. The gratings are designed for thin film solar cells incorporating absorbers with bandgap slightly lower than GaAs, such as InAs/GaAs quantum dot or GaInNAs solar cells. Metal/polymer back reflectors with a blazed grating or a pyramid grating were fabricated by nanoimprint lithography. The gratings are compared in terms of diffraction ability, which is the feature responsible for increasing the absorption. The pyramid grating showed higher diffraction of light compared to the blazed grating. The diffraction efficiency measurements were in agreement with the numerical simulations. The model validation enables tailoring the properties of the reflectors for other type of solar cells by adjusting the optimal dimensions of the gratings for different wavelengths.
author_names: Timo Aho

Mircea D Guina

Farid Elsehrawy

Federica Cappelluti

Marianna Raappana

Antti Tukiainen

A B M Khairul Alam

Ismo Vartiainen

Markku Kuittinen

Tapio Niemi
title: Metal/Polymer Back Reflectors with Diffraction Gratings for Light Trapping in III V Solar Cells
venue: 2018 IEEE 7th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion (WCPEC) (A Joint Conference of 45th IEEE PVSC, 28th PVSEC 34th EU PVSEC)
year: 2018