Search query: abstract art scientific imaging

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abstract: Abstract: This chapter deals with high performance complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) image sensors. It starts with a reminder of the basic principles and sensor parameters for the detection of charged particles and photons, in particular high energy photons. It is then followed by two sections, the first one on charged particles and the second on the detection of X rays. In each section, first the main applications are introduced, then the history and state of art of CMOS image sensors in the field are presented. As in many of the applications, large area sensors are needed, some notes on the stitching process are also included. The chapter is concluded with a brief review of future trends as well as some suggestions for further reading.
author_names: Renato Turchetta
title: Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensors for high performance scientific imaging
year: 2014

abstract: comprehensive database of thesis abstracts (Ph.D. Masters and MFA) on topics at the intersections between art, science and technology. This Englishlanguage database is hosted by Pomona College (Claremont, CA) In addition to being published in the database, a selection of abstracts chosen by a peer review panel for their special relevance will be published annually in Leonardo journal and on the Leonardo OnLine website. The deadline for receipt of abstracts for review by the LABS peer review panel is 30 June each year. Abstract rankings are announced in the autumn. Authors of abstracts most highly ranked by the panel are invited to submit an article for publication consideration in Leonardo. The aim of LABS is not to duplicate existing thesis databases but rather to give visibility to interdisciplinary work, which is often hard to retrieve from existing databases. The LABS Peer Review Panel for 2014 2015 consists of Yiannis Colakides, Tom Leeser, Emmanuel Mahe, Soraya Murray, Timothy Murray, Andrea Polli, Martin Reiser, Charissa N. Terranova and Iannis Zannos. To submit a thesis abstract or browse ones currently published in the English language database, visit: <http:/leonardolabs.pomona.edu>
author_names: Silvia Casini
title: The Aesthetics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Setting MRI in Motion from the Scientific Laboratory to an Art Exhibition
venue: Leonardo
year: 2015

abstract: Abstract. Time resolved visualization of fast processes using high speed digital video cameras has been widely used in most fields of scientific research for over a decade. In many applications, high speed imaging is used not only to record the time history of a phenomenon but also to quantify it, hence requiring dependable equipment. Important aspects of two dimensional imaging instrumentation used to qualitatively or quantitatively assess fast moving scenes include sensitivity, linearity, as well as signal to noise ratio (SNR) Under certain circumstances, the weaknesses of commercially available high speed cameras, i.e. sensitivity, linearity, image lag, etc. render the experiment complicated and uncertain. Our study evaluated two advanced CMOS based, continuous recording, high speed cameras available at the moment of writing. Various parameters, potentially important toward accurate time resolved measurements and photonic quantification, have been measured under controlled conditions on the bench, using scientific instrumentation. Testing procedures to measure sensitivity, linearity, SNR, shutter accuracy, and image lag are proposed and detailed. The results of the tests, comparing the two high speed cameras under study, are also presented and discussed. Results show that, with careful implementation and understanding of their performance and limitations, these high speed cameras are reasonable alternatives to scientific CCD cameras, while also delivering time resolved imaging data.
author_names: Julien Manin

Scott A Skeen

Lyle M Pickett
title: Performance comparison of state of the art high speed video cameras for scientific applications
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract Nano graphene (Gr) particles are of abundant methodical and scientific interest as having the astonishing prospective to usage as the sensors element in the miniaturized and biomedical sensor device. The nano Gr particles have been appeared on the life science and health platform due to their interesting material performance like; excellent biocompatibility, conductivity, super para magnetism, thermal, chemical, mechanical and metallurgical properties to use as a sensor component. In recent years, Gr as nanoparticles has acquired powerful technological and scientific attention and having potential applications like; for fabrication of super capacitors, batteries, solar or fuel cells, miniaturized and biomedical sensors. Gr is one of the most influential nano composites with endowment of use in the sensing mechanism like; bio sensing, bio imaging and diagnostic of diseases due to stimulating material behavior like; biocompatibility, cell growing properties, excellent surface behavior thermally and chemically etc. The present discussion explores the state of art review and prospective of the Gr in the miniaturized and biomedical sensors. The sensing mechanism for each of the sensors has been discussed for betters understanding of the functionality and prospective of the Gr in the sensors.
author_names: Ranvijay Kumar

Rupinder Singh

David Hui

Luciano Feo

Fernando Fraternali
title: Graphene as biomedical sensing element: State of art review and potential engineering applications
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract Recent developments in seismic acquisition systems and seismic data visualization have contributed to improve the imaging of seismic geomorphologies over a broad range of topics. This study focuses on a new high resolution P Cable 3D seismic cube located in the Hoop area in the SW Barents Sea. The scientific motivations of the study are (1) to document glacial landforms on a meter scale, (2) to study the link of these landforms with the subsurface, and (3) to understand ice stream dynamics by detailed interpretation of main horizons, including the seabed, intra glacial horizons, and Upper Regional Unconformity (URU) The horizons are assessed using the concept of seismic geomorphology, and compared with interpretations derived from conventional 3D seismic and state of the art multibeam echosounder technologies to discuss the benefits and limitations of the different geophysical technologies. A well defined intra glacial seismic reflection is imaged in the eastern part of the P Cable cube. This reflection has an overall NE trending ridge shaped morphology, which is up to 50 m high and 5 10 km wide, and interpreted as a shear margin moraine. The top of the moraine displays well defined iceberg ploughmarks and clear slope failure events along its eastern flank. The seabed geomorphology, which has been directly shaped by glacial processes related to multiple phases of ice streaming, appears to be influenced by the buried shear margin moraine. Mega scale glacial lineations (MSGLs) indicative of fast flowing ice streams characterize the seabed west of the moraine. Infilled MSGLs and different sets of iceberg ploughmarks with large berms dominate the seabed geomorphology above the moraine. The seabed east of the moraine, characterized by a smooth morphology and few pockmarks, is inferred to reflect more slowly moving ice. Not resolved by other geophysical techniques, seismic attribute maps of P Cable 3D allowed the identification of smaller ploughmarks and corrugated ridges related to paleo tides. Eroded by the larger iceberg ploughmarks, these small ploughmarks are suggested to be linked to an earlier rapid disintegration of the Barents Sea Ice Stream. The new high resolution 3D seismic data have led to the development of a revised ice stream model of the Barents Sea, linking the glacial deposits to different ice stream events.
author_names: Benjamin Bellwald

Sverre Planke

Emilia D Piasecka

Michael Alex Matar

K Andreassen
title: Ice stream dynamics of the SW Barents Sea revealed by high resolution 3D seismic imaging of glacial deposits in the Hoop area
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract Oral mucosal diseases are common health problems that reduce overall wellbeing and increase the risk for several systemic diseases. Due to the limitations of present diagnostics, new non invasive methods are needed for reliable, affordable, real time screening and follow up of oral mucosal lesions. Bioimpedance spectroscopy, spectral camera imaging and other optical methods are promising novel techniques to detect abnormal changes in oral mucosa. In this review, the current status of bioimpedance spectroscopy and autofluorescence utilising spectral camera techniques in the assessment of oral mucosal health is critically evaluated. Scientific publications related to bioimpedance spectroscopy were surveyed using PubMed and Scopus databases. Search was done using a combination of terms "oral mucosa" "oral cancer" "squamous cell cancer" "tissue" "electrical impedance measurement" and "bioimpedance spectroscopy" Publications related to spectral cameras were searched from PubMed with a focus on autofluorescence utilising spectral camera techniques. Search was done using terms "autofluorescence" "oral disease" and "VELscope" publication date restricted from 2008 to date. In this review, we also discuss the future trends and strategies such as combining different methods, e.g. spectral cameras and bioimpedance spectroscopy that could represent a unique multimodality in vivo tool for providing complementary information on the health status of the oral mucosa.
author_names: Shekh Emran

Miia Hurskainen

Laura Tomppo

Reijo Lappalainen

Arja M Kullaa

Sami Myllymaa
title: Bioimpedance spectroscopy and spectral camera techniques in detection of oral mucosal diseases: a narrative review of the state of the art
venue: Journal of medical engineering technology
year: 2019

abstract: Author(s) Gamache, Raymond Advisor(s) Jung, Michael E Abstract: This dissertation describes how modern organic chemistry can be used to improve and advance the field of molecular imaging, particularly in the realm of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Organic chemistry is an interdisciplinary art that is featured in many scientific disciplines to advance problem solving capabilities. Herein, I report how chemical methods developed in our laboratory have expanded the scope of available labeling technologies for molecular imaging applications. Additionally, we designed a bifunctional chemical linker to produce a dual modality (optical/PET) imaging tracer and investigated its physicochemical properties in vivo. Chapter One reviews the procedures developed in organic chemistry that have been of particular importance to PET and fluorescence imaging. The topics covered in detail are fluorine 18 chemical methodologies, bioorthogonal chemistry, and multi functional chemical linkers used in antibody imaging systems.Chapter Two describes the development of a regiospecific copper mediated oxidative fluorination methodology that is compatible with aryl stannanes. This methodology tolerates nucleophilic functionalities, uses a recyclable fluorine source and proceeds under mild conditions (60 oC, 3.2h) In addition to nucleophilic groups, the procedure allows for the fluorination of heteroaryl rings and bioactive molecules, such as estrone.Chapter Three demonstrates the creation of an ambiphilic cyclopentadiene that can be used as a bioorthogonal reagent. The diene undergoes fast reaction rates with multiple dienophiles already being used in bioorthogonal applications. Practical applications of this new bioorthogonal ligation are highlighted via fluorescence labeling of a commercial neuropeptide.Chapter Four discloses the synthesis of a series of multi modal imaging linkers used in the molecular imaging of prostate specific cell antigen (PSCA) expressing tumors. These linkers were conjugated to engineered antibody fragments that target PSCA and allow for dual PET and optical imaging. The PET imaging portion allows for whole body PET scans to obtain tumor localization and metastasis information while the optical portion facilitates intra operative removal of tumor tissue through fluorescence guided surgery.
author_names: Raymond F Gamache
title: Organic Chemistry Methods Towards the Development of Molecular Imaging Tracers
year: 2018

abstract: Abstract With the increased availability of very high resolution satellite imagery, terrain based imaging and participatory sensing, inexpensive platforms, and advanced information and communication technologies, the application of imagery is now ubiquitous, playing an important role in many aspects of life and work today. As a leading organisation in this field, the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) has been devoted to effectively and efficiently obtaining and utilising information from imagery since its foundation in the year 1910. This paper examines the significant challenges currently facing ISPRS and its communities, such as providing high quality information, enabling advanced geospatial computing, and supporting collaborative problem solving. The state of the art in ISPRS related research and development is reviewed and the trends and topics for future work are identified. By providing an overarching scientific vision and research agenda, we hope to call on and mobilise all ISPRS scientists, practitioners and other stakeholders to continue improving our understanding and capacity on information from imagery and to deliver advanced geospatial knowledge that enables humankind to better deal with the challenges ahead, posed for example by global change, ubiquitous sensing, and a demand for real time information generation.
author_names: Jun Chen

Ian J Dowman

Songnian Li

Zhilin Li

Marguerite Madden

Jon P Mills

Nicolas Paparoditis

Franz Rottensteiner

Monika Sester

Charles K Toth

John C Trinder

Christian Heipke
title: Information from imagery: ISPRS scientific vision and research agenda
year: 2016

abstract: Abstract Developments in digital methods of rock art study in Western Europe have considerably diversified and enriched this field of research in the last 25 years. This is especially the case for microanalyses of artistic materials (datings, pigment characterization, etc. and also for the study of the images themselves, their topography, their positioning and their contexts. 3D analyses, software with colorimetric filters, and macro microscopic imaging represent examples of promising new tools for the study of rock art. The object of this article is to show some of these tools' applications in the context of decorated caves through specific cases taken from the study of several caves in France: Blanchard (Indre) Les Gorges (Jura) Rouffignac and especially Les Bernoux (Dordogne) The contributions of several applied techniques highlight the importance of their use in combination. This includes first of all photography, and multiple scientific applications of digital photographs such as photogrammetry, macrophotography and decorrelation stretch (colorimetric treatment) This article provides a synthesis of different results, in order to show the potential of these methods, especially for their use in combination. We emphasize in particular the contribution of decorrelation stretch, used to enhance the reading of color and pigments.
author_names: Eric Robert

Stephane Petrognani

Emilie Lesvignes
title: Applications of digital photography in the study of Paleolithic cave art
year: 2016

abstract: Abstract Scientific analysis of panel paintings could provide key information to art historians and conservators about the composition and condition of the constituent layers. Knowledge of the structure, stratigraphy, and condition of the subsurface layers of these objects is highly relevant to conservation measures, when stability problems such as delamination or internal cracking are considered. Terahertz time domain imaging (THz TDI) in reflection geometry is capable of highlighting interfaces between layers in a stratigraphic buildup, and thus makes structural information available in the form of subsurface 3D images and stratigraphic images (B scans) The technique is contactless and non invasive, and has been successfully applied to investigation of panel paintings. Regarding gilded panel paintings, the extremely high reflectivity of metals at submillimeter wavelengths generally precludes the transmission of electromagnetic waves through metallic films. Therefore, imaging of subsurface features below gilded finishes may be regarded as Very challenging. A small but non negligible direct transmission through metal films occurs if the film thickness is of the order of the skin depth of the metal in the terahertz range, due to the skin effect. The thickness of gold leaf, a fraction of a micrometer, matches the skin depth of gold in the terahertz frequency range covered by THz TDI devices. We therefore investigated and imaged subsurface features of panel paintings through gilded finishes with THz TDI. Subsurface layers of three gilded panel paintings (two contemporary tempera panel replicas and one fourteenth century icon) have been successfully imaged behind gold finishes with THz TDI.
author_names: Corinna Ludovica Koch Dandolo

Antonino Cosentino

Peter Uhd Jepsen
title: Inspection of panel paintings beneath gilded finishes using terahertz time domain imaging
year: 2015