Search query: polarization based mzi

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abstract: In this paper, the all optical up and down wavelength converter based on cross polarization modulation (XPolM) effect in semiconductor optical amplifier Mach Zehnder Interferometer (SOA MZI) has been proposed and evaluated for error free operation to show the feasibility of 40 Gbps differential phase shift keying modulated data signal. The wavelength conversion is achieved by rotational state of polarization of pump and probe signal in SOA. Also, investigation of wavelength converter is theoretically and analytically validated for optimum performance and investigation results show good agreement with each other. The impact of variable signal power along with different parameter of SOA on performance of converted wavelength signal in terms of optical received power and Q factor has been given. The investigations revealed that wavelength converter based on XPolM effect in SOA MZI can be the promising option to enhance the expandability and accessibility of future hybrid optical access networks.
author_names: Sukhbir Singh

Surinder Singh
title: Design of optical wavelength conversion based on cross polarization modulation effect of SOA MZI
year: 2020

abstract: We have experimentally demonstrated an O band Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on an N rich silicon nitride platform combined with Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 for future optical communication applications. The device operation relies on controlling the waveguide's losses using a phase change material cell, which can be changed from amorphous (low loss) to crystalline (high loss) An extinction ratio as high as 11 dB was obtained between the amorphous (ON) and the crystalline (OFF) states of the MZI optical building block. The insertion loss of the MZI structure per cell unit length was measured to be as high as 0.87 dB/mm in the OFF state and as low as 0.064 dB/mm in the ON state for TM polarization.
author_names: Joaquin Faneca

Thalia Dominguez Bucio

Frederic Y Gardes

Anna Baldycheva
title: O band N rich silicon nitride MZI based on GST
year: 2020

abstract: Abstract A high sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensor based on the Vernier effect of cascaded fiber Sagnac interferometer (FSI) and Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The FSI is composed of a 3 dB four port coupler and a section of polarization maintaining fiber, which has high sensitivity and good stability as the sensing part. As the filtering part, MZI is made up of two three port couplers by controlling the length of the two arms. The free spectral range (FSR) of these two interferometers is similar but not equal, so the cascade system can effectively amplify the temperature sensing sensitivity based on the vernier effect. The experimental results show that the temperature sensitivity of a single FSI is only 1.68 nm/degC, and the cascade system can amplify it to 14.30 nm/degC with a gain coefficient of 8.51, which is consistent with the theoretical results.
author_names: Meihua Bi

Yang Guowei
title: High sensitivity optical fiber temperature sensor of cascaded FSI and MZI based on Vernier effect
year: 2021

abstract: We propose a large aperture static imaging spectrometer (LASIS) based on planar lightwave circuit (PLC) MZI array. The imaging spectrometer works in the push broom mode with the spectrum performed by interferometry. While the satellite/aircraft is orbiting, the same source, seen from the satellite/aircraft, moves across the aperture and enters different MZIs, while adjacent sources enter adjacent MZIs at the same time. The on chip spectrometer consists of 256 input mode converters, followed by 256 MZIs with linearly increasing optical path delays and a detector array. Multiple chips are stick together to form the 2D image surface and receive light from the imaging lens. Two MZI arrays are proposed, one works in wavelength ranging from 500nm to 900nm with SiON(refractive index 1.6) waveguides and another ranging from 1100nm to 1700nm with SOI platform. To meet the requirements of imaging spectrometer applications, we choose large cross section ridge waveguide to achieve polarization insensitive, maintain single mode propagation in broad spectrum and increase production tolerance. The SiON on chip spectrometer has a spectral resolution of 80cm 1 with a footprint of 17x15mm2 and the SOI based on chip spectrometer has a resolution of 38cm 1 with a size of 22x19mm2. The spectral and space resolution of the imaging spectrometer can be further improved by simply adding more MZIs. The on chip waveguide MZI array based Fourier transform imaging spectrometer can provide a highly compact solution for remote sensing on unmanned aerial vehicles or satellites with advantages of small size, light weight, no moving parts and large input aperture.
author_names: Minyue Yang

Mingyu Li

Jian-jun He
title: Push broom imaging spectrometer based on planar lightwave circuit MZI array
venue: Commercial Scientific Sensing and Imaging
year: 2017

abstract: In this paper, a new all optical flip flop structure based on semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is presented and demonstrated. Through carrying out a detailed analysis of SOA's NPR effect and the coupled SOA MZI structure, we build up a theoretical SOA model with polarization dependent rate equations and MZI model employing SOA cross phase modulation in the scheme. We will implement four kinds of clocked flip flop, including D SR T and JK types. Each type has its own logic circuit and working principle. We demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed programs by showing the extinction ratio and state switching speed. The state switching speed includes the rising and falling edges triggering times. In the experiment, to facilitate analysis, the clock pulse repetition frequency is 1 GHz, the rising edge transition time can decrease to less than 50 ps and the extinction ratio is about 30 dB.
author_names: Lina Wang

Yongjun Wang

Shuai Wang

Yichuan Geng

Mingxia Zhang
title: All optical Flip flop Based on SOA and MZI switch
venue: 2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS)
year: 2016

abstract: Multimode based polarization independent (PI) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) devices are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The key concept is to utilize two different order modes for the orthogonal polarizations, ith order mode for TE and jth order mode for TM (i j) polarization respectively to extend the flexibility for designing devices. PI coupler composed of a multimode directional coupler and mode converters is introduced as a basic device. Then, we apply PI coupler to Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) and Bragg grating bandpass filters. PI MZI is achieved by optimizing the combination of two phase shifters in the interferometer arms. PI bandpass uses 3dB PI coupler and polarization rotate Bragg gratings that induce mode coupling between the polarizations. Each device showed good matching in the spectrum between TE and TM polarizations in term of operation wavelength. The proposed concept can be a promising approach to realize PI WDM functions without introducing polarization diversity scheme in which a polarization beam splitter, two devices designed for each polarization and a polarization beam combiner are required.
author_names: Yosuke Onawa

Hideaki Okayama

Daisuke Shimura

Hiroki Yaegashi

Hironori Sasaki

Masayuki Kashima
title: Multimode based polarization independent WDM devices using different order modes for TE and TM polarizations.
venue: Optics express
year: 2020

abstract: High performance InP based polarization beam splitters (PBSs) with a symmetrical Mach Zehnder interferometer (MZI) are theoretically and experimentally demonstrated. The p i n waveguide is exploited to employ the phase shifters in the two arms of the MZI. Injection current and reverse bias inducing electro optic (EO) effects in each of the MZI arms are analysed in detail when the waveguides are aligned along both the [011] and <inline formula><tex math notation="LaTeX" {01\bar{1} /tex math>/inline formula> directions. Results indicate that the birefringence from reverse bias help to realize the PBS combining with the polarization independent carrier induced refractive index change from the injection current. Theoretical prediction shows that the polarization extinction ratio (PER) is over 35 dB at 1550 nm for the PBSs with the waveguides aligned along both directions. Furthermore, the PBS with the waveguides aligned along the [011] direction can be adjusted more easily to work at the best operating point and get the higher birefringence which requires lower reverse bias exhibiting better performance across the C band compared with the <inline formula><tex math notation="LaTeX" {01\bar{1} /tex math>/inline formula> direction. The fabricated PBSs exhibit a PER over 19 dB (14 dB) in the wavelength range from 1525 to 1570 nm with one arm injected of 2.88 mA (0.2 mA) current and the other arm reversed biased at 5.63 V (7.89 V) when the waveguides aligned along the [011] <inline formula><tex math notation="LaTeX" {01\bar{1} /tex math>/inline formula> direction. The PER of both PBSs is expected to be 20 dB across the C band with the help of a birefringence contribution arising from inserting waveguide arms of different widths.
author_names: Xiangyang Dai

Quanan Chen

Gongyuan Zhao

Yuanyuan Liu

Qiaoyin Lu

John F Donegan

Weihua Guo
title: High Performance InP Based Polarization Beam Splitter With Reverse Bias and Injection Current
venue: Journal of Lightwave Technology
year: 2020

abstract: Designing the photonics integrated circuit on silicon platform is a challenging task. For most of the photonic devices interferometers acts as major foundational block. One of the famous interferometer in photonics design is called as Mach Zehender Interferometer(MZI).This paper explains design simulation, fabraction and measurement of fabricated MZI device. The wavelength range has been chosen to be TE polarization 1500 1600 nm with waveguide being strip waveguide. Such five MZI devices have been designed with variation in waveguide length and simulation was performed over larger number of data points. The design have been simulated in software Lumerical mode and Lumerical Interconnect. Based on the simulation the mask layout was prepared for fabrication using tool called KLayout. The complete layout was fabricated over a footprint of 605mm x 410mm at Applied Nanotools Inc. Canada and Washington Nanofabrication Facility USA. The measurement of the fabricated devices have been performed and compared with simulated device.
author_names: Yashodhan Mandke

Arunagiri Sivasubramanian

Rabinder Henry
title: Design, Fabrication and characterisation of TE Mode MZI Device for Silicon Photonics Integrated Circuit
venue: 2019 IEEE 5th International Conference for Convergence in Technology (I2CT)
year: 2019

abstract: Large scale optical switching matrix is the core technology of automatically switched optical network. With the significant increase of the matrix size, the study showed that the nonlinear factors, such as the correlation of the wavelength, phase and polarization between the optical switches have major impacts for the system performance. Because the full size optical simulation is not available now, the research will be a great significance that we establish an overall model with not only considering the performance of optical switch unit, but also reflecting the structural characteristics of the network.In this paper, we calculated the transmission field of 2x2 Mach Zehnder(MZI) silica on silicon thermo optic(TO) switch with different structure by using the finite difference beam propagation method(BPM) On the basis of optimization design, we constructed and simulated the large scale 16x16 MZI silicon based SiO2 Silica on silicon thermo switching matrix. The results are: In TE Mode, for Crossbar and banyan structures, insertion losses are 13.35 dB and 4.3638 dB; crosstalk losses are 27.125~29.0173 dB and 42.2318 43.7159 dB; extinction ratios are 29.57 dB and 26.79 dB respectively.
author_names: Lijun Guo

Tian-Xiong Wang

Lin Qi
title: Optimal design for large scale MZI silica on silicon optical thermo switching matrix
venue: Other Conferences
year: 2019

abstract: A multiwavelength erbium doped fiber laser based on a polarization dependent in line Mach Zehnder Interferometer (in line MZI) is proposed and experimental demonstrated. The polarization dependent in line MZI demonstrated is constructed by sandwiching a length of polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) between two abrupt fiber tapers fabricated in SMF. The proposed in line MZI can work as a cost effective all fiber based polarizer. In combination with the nonlinear polarization rotation technique, stable multiwavelength laser comb with uniform wavelength spacing is achieved at room temperature. The wavelength spacing is 0.8 nm. By properly tuning the PCs, the output laser combs with double and triple channel spacing can be also obtained.
author_names: Wanjing Peng

Peng Liu
title: Multiwavelength erbium doped fiber laser based on a polarization dependent in line Mach Zehnder interferometer
venue: Optical and Quantum Electronics
year: 2019