Search query: A Collection of Reviews from Nature Journals

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abstract: Nanomaterials and Nanostructures: Progress Towards Monodisperse Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes (Mark C Hersam) The Rise of Graphene (A K Geim K S Novoselov) Multiferroics: Progress and Prospects in Thin Films (R Ramesh Nicola A Spaldin) Inorganic Nanotubes and Fullerene Like Nanoparticles (R Tenne) The Role of Interparticle and External Forces in Nanoparticle Assembly (Younjin Min et al. Complex Thermoelectric Materials (G Jeffrey Snyder Eric S Toberer) Solid State Nanopores (Cees Dekker) Engineering Atomic and Molecular Nanostructures at Surfaces (Johannes V Barth et al. Molecular Machines and Devices: Making Molecular Machines Work (Wesley R Browne Ben L Feringa) Molecular Logic and Computing (A Prasanna de Silva Seiichi Uchiyama) Harnessing Biological Motors to Engineer Systems for Nanoscale Transport and Assembly (Anita Goel Viola Vogel) Designed DNA Molecules: Principles and Applications of Molecular Nanotechnology (Anne Condon) DNA Nanomachines (Jonathan Bath Andrew J Turberfield) Nanoelectronics: Nanoelectronics from the Bottom Up (Wei Lu Charles M Lieber) The Emergence of Spin Electronics in Data Storage (Claude Chappert et al. Nanoionics Based Resistive Switching Memories (Rainer Waser Masakazu Aono) Technology and Metrology of New Electronic Materials and Devices (Eric Vogel) Carbon Based Electronics (Phaedon Avouris et al. Electron Transport in Molecular Junctions (N J Tao) Molecular Spintronics using Single Molecule Magnets (Lapo Bogani Wolfgang Wernsdorfer) Nanophotonics: Light in Tiny Holes (C Genet T W Ebbesen) Nano Optics from Sensing to Waveguiding (Surbhi Lal et al. Semiconductor Quantum Light Sources (Andrew J Shields) Biomimetics of Photonic Nanostructures (Andrew R Parker Helen E Townley) Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine: Nanoparticle Therapeutics: An Emerging Treatment Modality for Cancer (Mark E Davis et al. Neuroscience Nanotechnology: Progress, Opportunities and Challenges (Gabriel A Silva) The Potential and Challenges of Nanopore Sequencing (Daniel Branton et al. Atomic Force Microscopy as a Multifunctional Molecular Toolbox in Nanobiotechnology (Daniel J Muller Yves F Dufrene) Immunological Properties of Engineered Nanomaterials (Marina A Dobrovolskaia Scott E McNeil) Injectable Nanocarriers for Biodetoxification (Jean Christophe Leroux) Selected Applications: Applications of Dip Pen Nanolithography (Khalid Salaita et al. Biosensing with Plasmonic Nanosensors (Jeffrey N Anker et al. Materials for Electrochemical Capacitors (Patrice Simon Yury Gogotsi) Future Lab on a Chip Technologies for Interrogating Individual Molecules (Harold Craighead) Science and Technology for Water Purification in the Coming Decades (Mark A Shannon et al.
author_names: Peter Rodgers
title: Nanoscience and technology a collection of reviews from nature journals
year: 2009

author_names: Gino Rinaldi
title: Nanoscience and Technology: A Collection of Reviews from Nature Journals
year: 2010

author_names: Bohumil Kratochvil
title: Recenze: Peter Rodgers (ed. Nanoscience and Technology A Collection of Reviews from Nature Journals
year: 2010

abstract: ABSTRACT Background: The majority of reviews related to Physical Education Pedagogy (PEP) refer to the English speaking world. Some of these assert the need to obtain more data and provide reviews of what has been investigated in languages other than English to be able to assess the current state of the field internationally. Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify, categorise, and analyse articles on PEP published in Spanish sport science journals during the last decade (2005 2014) Participants and setting: A total of 13 journals were selected: 8 were indexed in the Scopus databases, and 5 were added based on expert judgement due to their importance in the field of Spanish PEP. Research design: The study uses a quantitative approach that is exploratory and descriptive in nature and includes document research techniques. Data collection: The identification of all articles published between 2005 and 2014 (both inclusive) was performed. The search yielded 3258 published articles, from which articles whose content was not related to PEP were eliminated. The final sample was 534 articles. Data analysis: The articles that comprise the final sample were analysed and classified according to their content and article type. Findings: Of the 3258 articles published in the last decade in these journals, only 534 (16.39% address content in the PEP field of study. With regard to sub areas, half of the research conducted pertains to teaching (50.00% followed by curriculum (25.66% The combination of both sub areas comprises the third largest percentage (9.74% Teacher education is the least addressed sub area, with 8.80% and its intersections with teaching and curriculum in no case exceed 3% In terms of article type, 38.39% are theoretical studies, historical studies, or essays. One fourth (25.09% are quantitative empirical research, and one fifth (22.47% refer to experiences in education or innovation. These three article types are predominant, comprising 85.95% of the total. The remaining articles are divided into studies related to qualitative empirical research (7.68% those conducting empirical research using a mixed methodology (quantitative and qualitative) (5.06% and a testimonial for review articles (1.31% Conclusions: In the decade studied, an increase in the gap between the number of articles published in Spanish journals specialising in physical education and sport and the percentage of articles related to PEP is observed. Of these journals, those publishing the most articles on PEP were included by expert judgement and are not indexed in Scopus. The implication is an academically worrying state for the field in the Spanish context, differing significantly from the English context.
author_names: Pere Molina

Alejandro Martinez-Baena

Miguel Villamon
title: Physical Education Pedagogy: an analysis of research published in Spanish journals (2005 2014)
year: 2017

abstract: Our world is changing fast. Microbes, once considered our adversaries, are now recognized as partners. Well, not all microbes, but a vast number that live in the unique niches of our bodies and, in particular, the gut. Recently, we have come to appreciate how our normal microbiota contribute to our health, and how disruption of this partnership can open the way for disease (both infectious and non infectious) This Joint Virtual Issue on 'Immunology and the Microbiome' celebrates this partnership and is a joint initiative by the immunological societies of Australia and New Zealand (ASI) and Britain (BSI) and their journals, Immunology Cell Biology and Immunology, respectively. This collection contains six recent articles from each journal (three reviews and three original research articles) that highlight specific aspects of the microbiome immune partnership. Focusing on the articles from Immunology, there are key central themes that arise: the changing nature of this relationship over time, how diet influences the microbiota and consequently the immune system, and how individual components of the innate and adaptive immune systems interact with the gut microbiome to regulate and balance the complex network. To start this collection off, Zhao et al. begin at the beginning the education of the adaptive immune system by gut microbial antigens (Fig. 1 1) This education starts at birth with the first major seeding of flora from the mother; colonization begins and so does the development of adaptive cells. Zhao et al. detail how these processes are intertwined with the neonate's immune system regulating the microbial community and the microbes shaping the developing immune cells. This period is a critical 'window of opportunity' which impacts one's health and homeostasis throughout life. Within the large community of microbes, specific microbes can support the differentiation or expansion of different functional immune subsets such as the support of regulatory T (Treg) cell expansion by specific Clostridium clusters and Bacteroides fragilis or the induction of T helper type 17 cells by epithelial adhesive bacteria like Escherichia coli O157. Zhao et al. conclude by discussing how the mis education of adaptive immune cells during this critical period promotes the development of chronic inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease and multiple sclerosis (MS) and end by highlighting how the potential of probiotics or prebiotics to 'normalize' the gut microbiota presents an attractive therapeutic strategy. Partnerships take a lot of work; they need the right fuel to keep them alive and to enable both partners to benefit. That is how probiotics and prebiotics work seeding the right microbes and then providing the right nutrients to fuel them. Gudi et al. and Haase et al. investigate how specific microbial partnerships are fueled and sustained such that their metabolites can regulate chronic inflammatory diseases such as MS. The complex dietary polysaccharide, yeast b glucan (YBG) is a prebiotic that Gudi et al. investigate in their original article (Fig. 1 2) and they find that administration of YBG expands FoxP3 IL10 IL 17 T cells ex vivo and modulates the T cell compartment in vivo, leading to suppression of type 1 diabetes in non obese diabetic mice. Key to this effect is the finding that YBG enhances, not suppresses, local cytokine production including interleukin (IL) 10, tumor necrosis factor a, and IL 17 with a targeted decrease in some cytokines (e.g. interferon c) Promoting the growth of the 'right' kind of bacteria has flow on effects not only locally but also systemically, by the production of immune modifying microbial metabolites as discussed by Haase et al. (Fig. 1 3) In particular, the ability of these microbially produced compounds such as short chain fatty acids or tryptophan metabolites to alter neuroinflammation in diseases such as MS speaks to the importance of the microbiota gut brain axis in maintaining health and homeostasis throughout the body. This axis involves not just the immune system but is a complex network encompassing enteroendocrine cells, vagal nerve signals, as well as astrocytes and microglia within the brain with short chain fatty acids exerting their effects through stimulation of retinoic acid production, histone deacetylase inhibition and direct activation of free fatty acid receptors like GPR43, GPR41 and GPR109A. This review centers on the specific benefits of short chain fatty acids and tryptophan metabolites, but these microbially derived products are only subset of metabolites that contributes to immune homeostasis and the development of a beneficial microbial partnership. Immune control of the microbial populations in the gut is essential to the maintenance of a healthy gut microbiome, and control of gut microbes by gut eosinophils and secretory IgA (sIgA) are the focus of the articles by Singh et al. and Hoces et al. Using mice deficient in eosinophils (i.e. DdblGATA 1 mice) Singh and his colleagues report that an absence of eosinophils did not alter gut architecture, barrier integrity or sIgA levels; however, the loss of eosinophils significantly changed microbial diversity with the greatest effects found in the mucus associated communities (Fig. 1 4) Although these investigators did not find that these changes in
author_names: Anne Camille La Flamme

Simon W F Milling
title: Immunological partners: the gut microbiome in homeostasis and disease
venue: Immunology
year: 2020

abstract: BackgroundThere is wide agreement that there is a lack of attention to health in municipal environmental policy making, such as urban planning and regeneration. Explanations for this include differing professional norms between health and urban environment professionals, system complexity and limited evidence for causality between attributes of the built environment and health outcomes. Data from urban health indicator (UHI) tools are potentially a valuable form of evidence for local government policy and decision makers. Although many UHI tools have been specifically developed to inform policy, there is poor understanding of how they are used. This study aims to identify the nature and characteristics of UHI tools and their use by municipal built environment policy and decision makers.MethodsHealth and social sciences databases (ASSIA, Campbell Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, Social Policy and Practice and Web of Science Core Collection) will be searched for studies using UHI tools alongside hand searching of key journals and citation searches of included studies. Advanced searches of practitioner websites and Google will also be used to find grey literature. Search results will be screened for UHI tools, and for studies which report on or evaluate the use of such tools. Data about UHI tools will be extracted to compile a census and taxonomy of existing tools based on their specific characteristics and purpose. In addition, qualitative and quantitative studies about the use of these tools will be appraised using quality appraisal tools produced by the UK National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) and synthesised in order to gain insight into the perceptions, value and use of UHI tools in the municipal built environment policy and decision making process. This review is not registered with PROSPERO.DiscussionThis systematic review focuses specifically on UHI tools that assess the physical environment's impact on health (such as transport, housing, air quality and greenspace) This study will help indicator producers understand whether this form of evidence is of value to built environment policy and decision makers and how such tools should be tailored for this audience.Systematic review registrationN/A.
author_names: Helen Pineo

Ketevan Glonti

Harry Rutter

Nicole S Zimmermann

Paul Wilkinson

Michael Davies
title: Characteristics and use of urban health indicator tools by municipal built environment policy and decision makers: a systematic review protocol
venue: Systematic Reviews
year: 2017

abstract: Academic research aims to provide solutions for many current problems. The data collection and analysis presented in this study addresses the extent to which such benefit could be realised in practice. This research reviews the limitations of research publishing in Saudi Arabia by focusing on the nature of academic journals, in terms of their numbers and purpose, the barriers that academic staff faced when they wished to publish. This research uses questionnaire tool. The data are tabulated and analysed in a systematic method to show findings in accordance with required objectives. The most prominent findings from this study are the lack of academic staff encouragement to conduct and publish research, lack of financial support to the research publishing sector, lack of a research publishing infrastructure. An interesting finding is that unlike many other countries, there is no culture of volunteering for work that does not provide direct financial benefit. This could be an important factor affecting the adoption of an online open publishing approach. This research ultimately aims at proposing and implementing suitable processes and policies to solve these problems and to identifying means of overcoming the research publishing barriers in Saudi Arabia.
author_names: Jumaan Abdulqader Alzahrani
title: Overcoming Barriers to Improve Research Productivity in Saudi Arabia
year: 2011

abstract: Purpose The purpose of this article is to analyze the link based web site impact measure known as the web impact factor (WIF) It is a quantitative tool for evaluating and ranking web sites, top level domains and sub domains. The paper also aims to discuss the WIF's advantages and disadvantages, data collection problems, and validity and reliability of WIF results.Design/methodology/approach A key to webometric studies has been the use of large scale search engines, such as Yahoo! and AltaVista that allow measurements to be made of the total number of pages in a web site and the total number of back links to the web site. These search engines provide similar possibilities for the investigation of links between web sites/pages to those provided by the academic journals citation databases from the Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) But the content of the web is not of the same nature and quality as the databases maintained by the ISI.Findings This paper reviews how the WIF has been developed a.
author_names: Alireza Noruzi
title: The web impact factor: a critical review
venue: Electron. Libr.
year: 2006

abstract: This survey introduces a two volume, 1,900 page reprint collection of articles recently published by Elsevier/North Holland journals. Volume 1 begins with a comprehensive overview of the empirical evidence, followed by introductions to the econometrics of event studies and various techniques for dealing with corporate self selection issues. It then delves into classic issues such as the nature of aggregate merger activity (merger waves) market valuation effects of merger announcements (the stock price performance of bidder and target firms) and the nature of the sources of merger gains in the context of industrial rganization (much of it involving estimating the effects of mergers on industry competitors) The volume ends with a review of restructuring transactions other than takeovers, such as divestitures, spinoffs, leveraged buyouts and other highly leveraged transactions.Volume 2 presents a series of specific deal related topics and provides reviews of both theory and associated empirical evidence. It begins with surveys of principles for optimal bidding in specific auction settings, followed by a review of actual takeover premiums and their determinants. It then showcases recent empirical contributions on topics such as toehold bidding and winner's curse (does overbidding exist? bidding for distressed targets (do bankruptcy auctions cause fire sales? effects of deal protection devices (do termination agreements and poison pills affect takeover premiums? large shareholder voting on takeover outcomes (does institutional activism matter? deal financing issues (does it matter how the bidder finances any cash payment for the target) managerial compensation effects of takeovers (what's in it for the CEO) governance spillovers from cross border mergers (are there any? and, finally, the returns to merger arbitrage activity (market efficiency and limits to arbitrage)
author_names: B Espen Eckbo
title: Corporate Takeovers: Modern Empirical Developments
year: 2011

abstract: The central role of the ribonucleic acids (RNA) in mediating the expression of information encoded in DNA in living cells is now well established. Research in this area of biology continues at a remarkable rate, and new and significant information appears almost daily in a wide range of journals, published symposia and specialist reviews. The diverse nature of this information makes it difficult for the newcomer to the field of RNA biochemistry to obtain a general view of established concepts, current activity, and new advances. Moreover, the reviews available are frequently concerned with insular aspects of these Ubiquitous molecules, or in the case of text books, the subject is treated as part of a general outline of proper ties of nucleic acids and thus may be superficial. The authors of the chapters in this collection attempt to provide a comprehensive, though not overly detailed, outline of the biologi cal roles of RNA. They have written for students with basic training in biochemistry, but otherwise with a wide variety of biological interests plant physiology, virology, organelle bio chemistry, genetics, cell biology, differentiation and development. Viral RNA, which was dealt with as a separate chapter in the first edition, has been deleted from this edition because it is an unman ageably large single topic, and at the same time is addressed in a number of ways in many different places in the book."
author_names: Peter R Stewart

David S Letham
title: The Ribonucleic Acids
venue: Springer New York
year: 1977