Search query: Electrodynamics of correlated electron materials

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abstract: We review studies of the electromagnetic response of various classes of correlated electron materials including transition metal oxides, organic and molecular conductors, intermetallic compounds with $d$ and $f$ electrons as well as magnetic semiconductors. Optical inquiry into correlations in all these diverse systems is enabled by experimental access to the fundamental characteristics of an ensemble of electrons including their self energy and kinetic energy. Steady state spectroscopy carried out over a broad range of frequencies from microwaves to UV light and fast optics time resolved techniques provide complimentary prospectives on correlations. Because the theoretical understanding of strong correlations is still evolving, the review is focused on the analysis of the universal trends that are emerging out of a large body of experimental data augmented where possible with insights from numerical studies.
author_names: Dimitri Basov

Richard D Averitt

Dirk van der Marel

Martin Dressel

Kristjan Haule
title: Electrodynamics of correlated electron materials
year: 2011

abstract: Electrostatics of conductors Static magnetic field Superconductivity The propagation of electromagnetic waves Spatial dispersion Diffraction of X rays in crystals.
author_names: Lev Davidovich Landau

E M Lifshitz

J B Sykes

John Stewart Bell

Ellis Harold Dill
title: Electrodynamics of continuous media
year: 1960

abstract: Infrared spectroscopy has emerged as a premier experimental technique to probe enigmatic effects arising from strong correlations in solids. Here we report on recent advances in this area focusing on common patterns in correlated electron systems including transition metal oxides, intermetallics and organic conductors. All these materials are highly conducting substances but their electrodynamic response is profoundly different from the canonical Drude behavior observed in simple metals. These unconventional properties can be attributed in several cases to the formation of spin and/or charge ordered states, zero temperature phase transitions and strong coupling to bosonic modes.
author_names: Sasa V Dordevic

Dimitri Basov
title: Electrodynamics of correlated electron matter
year: 2005

abstract: Physical and chemical systems can be characterized by their natural frequency and energy scales. It is hardly an exaggeration that most of what we know about such systems, from the acoustics of a violin to the energy levels of atoms, comes from their response to perturbations at these natural frequencies. It is of course the same situation in `correlated' electron materials. We can learn about the novel effects of strong electron electron interactions and the properties of collective states of matter (superconductors, quantum magnets etc. by characterizing their response to small amplitude perturbations at their natural frequencies. In solids, these natural frequency scales span an impressively large frequency range from x ray down to DC. This incredibly broad range means that a blizzard of experimental techniques and analysis methods are required for the characterization of correlated systems with optical techniques. This short review and lecture notes attempt to lay out a brief summary of the formalism, techniques, and analysis used for `optical' spectroscopies of correlated electron systems. They are idiosyncratic, occasionally opinionated, and considering the breadth of the subject incredibly brief.
author_names: N P Armitage
title: Electrodynamics of correlated electron systems
year: 2009

abstract: 1. Vector Analysis. Vector Algebra. Differential Calculus. Integral Calculus. Curvilinear Coordinates. The Dirac Delta Function. The Theory of Vector Fields. 2. Electrostatics. The Electrostatic Field. Divergence and Curl of Electrostatic Fields. Electric Potential. Work and Energy in Electrostatics. Conductors. 3. Special Techniques. Laplace's Equation and Uniqueness Theorems. The Method of Images. Separation of Variables. Multipole Expansion. 4. Electrostatic Fields in Matter. Polarization. The Field of a Polarized Object. The Electric Displacement. Linear Dielectrics. 5. Magnetostatics. The Lorentz Force Law. The Biot Savart Law. The Divergence and Curl of B. Magnetic Vector Potential. 6. Magnetic Fields in Matter. Magnetization. The Field of a Magnetized Object. The Auxiliary Field H. Linear and Nonlinear Media. 7. Electrodynamics. Electromotive Force. Electromagnetic Induction. Maxwell's Equations. 8. Conservation Laws. Charge and Energy. Momentum. 9. Electromagnetic Waves. Waves in One Dimension. Electromagnetic Waves in Vacuum. Electromagnetic Waves in Matter. Absorption and Dispersion. Guided Waves. 10. Potentials and Fields. The Potential Formulation. Continuous Distributions. Point Charges. 11. Radiation. Dipole Radiation. Point Charges. 12. Electrodynamics and Relativity. The Special Theory of Relativity. Relativistic Mechanics. Relativistic Electrodynamics. Appendix A: Vector Calculus in Curvilinear Coordinates. Appendix B: The Helmholtz Theorem. Appendix C: Units. Index.
author_names: David J Griffiths
title: Introduction to Electrodynamics
year: 1981

abstract: Electrodynamics of Particles and PlasmasBy P. C. Clemmow and J. P. Dougherty. (Addison Wesley Series in Advanced Physics. Pp. ix 457. (Addison Wesley London, September 1969. 163s.
author_names: D A Dunnett
title: Classical Electrodynamics
venue: Nature
year: 1969

abstract: Working within the framework of perturbation theory, we show that the axial vector vertex in spinor electrodynamics has anomalous properties which disagree with those found by the formal manipulation of field equations. Specifically, because of the presence of closed loop "triangle diagrams," the divergence of axial vector current is not the usual expression calculated from the field equations, and the axial vector current does not satisfy the usual Ward identity. One consequence is that, even after the external line wave function renormalizations are made, the axial vector vertex is still divergent in fourth (and higher order perturbation theory. A corollary is that the radiative corrections to \ensuremath{\nu}}_{l}l$ elastic scattering in the local current current theory diverge in fourth (and higher) order. A second consequence is that, in massless electrodynamics, despite the fact that the theory is invariant under \ensuremath{\gamma}}_{5} tranformations, the axial vector current is not conserved. In an Appendix we demonstrate the uniqueness of the triangle diagrams, and discuss a possible connection between our results and the \ensuremath{\pi}{0}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\gamma} and \ensuremath{\eta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}2\ensuremath{\gamma} decays. In particular, we argue that as a result of triangle diagrams, the equations expressing partial conservation of axial vector current (PCAC) for the neutral members of the axial vector current octet must be modified in a well defined manner, which completely alters the PCAC predictions for the \ensuremath{\pi}{0} and the \ensuremath{\eta} two photon decays.
author_names: Stephen L Adler
title: Axial vector vertex in spinor electrodynamics
year: 1969

abstract: The authors of this book present a thorough discussion of the optical properties of solids, with a focus on electron states and their response to electrodynamic fields. A review of the fundamental aspects of the propagation of electromagnetic fields, and their interaction with condensed matter, is given. This is followed by a discussion of the optical properties of metals, semiconductors, and collective states of solids such as superconductors. Theoretical concepts, measurement techniques and experimental results are covered in three interrelated sections. Well established, mature fields are discussed (for example, classical metals and semiconductors) together with modern topics at the focus of current interest. The substantial reference list included will also prove to be a valuable resource for those interested in the electronic properties of solids. The book is intended for use by advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and researchers active in the fields of condensed matter physics, materials science and optical engineering.
author_names: Martin Dressel

George Gruner
title: Electrodynamics of Solids: Optical Properties of Electrons in Matter
year: 2002

abstract: Inelastic light scattering is an intensively used tool in the study of electronic properties of solids. Triggered by the discovery of high temperature superconductivity in the cuprates and by new developments in instrumentation, light scattering in both the visible (Raman effect) and x ray part of the electromagnetic spectrum has become a method complementary to optical (infrared) spectroscopy while providing additional and relevant information. The main purpose of the review is to position Raman scattering with regard to single particle methods like angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and other transport and thermodynamic measurements in correlated materials. Particular focus will be placed on photon polarizations and the role of symmetry to elucidate the dynamics of electrons in different regions of the Brillouin zone. This advantage over conventional transport (usually measuring averaged properties) provides new insights into anisotropic and complex many body behavior of electrons in various systems. Recent developments in the theory of electronic Raman scattering in correlated systems and experimental results in paradigmatic materials such as the A15 superconductors, magnetic and paramagnetic insulators, compounds with competing orders, as well as the cuprates with high superconducting transition temperatures are reviewed. An overview of the manifestations of complexity in the Raman response due to the impact of correlations and developing competing orders is presented. In a variety of materials, observations which may be understood and a summary of important open questions that pave the way to a detailed understanding of correlated electron systems, are discussed.
author_names: Thomas P Devereaux

Rudi U Hackl
title: Inelastic light scattering from correlated electrons
year: 2007

abstract: Classical Electrodynamics: The Fundamental Equations and the Dynamical Variables. Lagrangian and Hamiltonian Approach to Electrodynamics. The Standard Lagrangian and the Coulomb Gauge. Quantum Electrodynamics in the Coulomb Gauge. Other Equivalent Formulations of Electrodynamics. Introduction to the Covariant Formulation of Quantum Electrodynamics. References. Index.
author_names: Claude cohen-tannoudji

Jacques Dupont-roc

Gilbert Grynberg
title: Photons and Atoms: Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics
year: 1989