Search query: Meeting the clean energy demand

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abstract: The increasing energy demand in the near future will force us to seek environmentally clean alternative energy resources. The emergence of nanomaterials as the new building blocks to construct light energy harvesting assemblies has opened up new ways to utilize renewable energy sources. This article discusses three major ways to utilize nanostructures for the design of solar energy conversion devices: (i) Mimicking photosynthesis with donor acceptor molecular assemblies or clusters, (ii) semiconductor assisted photocatalysis to produce fuels such as hydrogen, and (iii) nanostructure semiconductor based solar cells. This account further highlights some of the recent developments in these areas and points out the factors that limit the efficiency optimization. Strategies to employ ordered assemblies of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles, inorganic organic hybrid assemblies, and carbon nanostructures in the energy conversion schemes are also discussed. Directing the future research efforts toward utiliza.
author_names: Prashant V Kamat
title: Meeting the Clean Energy Demand: Nanostructure Architectures for Solar Energy Conversion
year: 2007

abstract: Abstract Science Based Targets has been initiated to allocate 'carbon budget' to industrial sectors to stay within planetary boundaries and support industries to move towards absolute sustainability. Clean and/or renewable energy are fundamentals for achieving Science Based Targets. Accordingly, development/usage of 'Photo Voltaic solar panels' (PVs) have increased significantly. However, PVs' development requires considerable resources up front (material needed and energy intensive manufacturing/production processes with hazardous emissions/impacts) This paper studies imposed Environmental Impact of PVs while considering projected/future power demand. This paper investigates if PV industry can supply needed 'sustainable energy' for meeting Science Based Targets with current technology. Results/findings are used to define needed technological improvement and/or to help developing policies towards realizing Science Based Targets.
author_names: Shiva Abdoli

Mounika Pamulapati

Sami Kara
title: An investigation into the role of PV industry in meeting the growing energy demand towards absolute sustainability
year: 2020

abstract: In Egypt, the exponential population growth along with the development of industrial and agricultural activities has resulted in several environmental and economic issues. These concerns include soil and water contamination, water scarcity, and insufficient energy supply. This chapter presents the application of biofuel crops as a sustainable, environmental friendly, and solar driven approach for remediating the contaminated environment and generating new bioenergy resources. The main phytoremediation processes are (a) phytodegradation: Plants breakdown, transform, and assimilate organic pollutants through enzymatic activities and metabolic mechanisms; (b) phytovolatilization: Plants uptake contaminants from soil, followed by transformation and volatilization into the atmosphere; (c) phytoextraction: Plants absorb metallic and organic substances from soil, which are subsequently translocated, accumulated, and stored in aboveground portions; (d) phytostabilization: Plants minimize the mobility of contaminant via absorption, adsorption, accumulation, and precipitation within the rhizosphere; (e) phytofiltration: Aquatic plants remove pollutants from water mainly via bioadsorption and intracellular accumulation using the root system; and (f) rhizodegradation: Plants and associated microbes in the root zone are integrated to breakdown contaminants in soil. Further, energy can be obtained from harvested plant biomass either by direct combustion or by conversion into solids (e.g. biochar) liquid (bio oil, biodiesel, or bioethanol) and gas (CH4 biogas) The advantages of phytomanagement in Egypt are threefold: (a) utilization of large desert and forest areas, (b) provide treated wastewater that can be used for irrigation to prevent water scarcity, and (c) grow biofuel crops (e.g. Jatropha curcas) that can be used for bioenergy production.
author_names: Mahmoud Nasr
title: Phytomanagement in Egypt: A Sustainable Approach for Clean Environment Coupled with Meeting Future Energy Demand
venue: Waste Management in MENA Regions
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract Due to high consumption of energy, its associated concerns such as energy security and demand, wastage of resources, and material energy recovery are leading to the importance of sustainable energy system development. This is a high time to assess the sustainability in energy systems for meeting the requirements of energy with an enhanced economic, ecological, and social performance from a nation context. The energy system plays a significant role in deciding the economic progress of emerging economies such as India, China, Brazil, and Africa. In this paper, an original attempt has been made to list and evaluate important indicators for sustainability assessment of energy systems development and management in an emerging economy especially India. Firstly, based on the analysis of the extant literature and then followed by expert opinion, potential key sustainability assessment indicators for energy systems development and management were identified. Further, grey based Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory technique to understand the causal interactions amongst indicators and segregate them into cause and effect groups, is used. This work can provide useful aids to decision making bodies, sustainability practitioners and business organisations in selective implementation, monitoring and control of sustainable strategies in energy systems development and management and meeting sustainable development goals of clean energy in a nation context.
author_names: Sachin Kumar Mangla

Sunil Luthra

Suresh Kumar Jakhar

Sumeet Gandhi

Kamalakanta Muduli

Anil Kumar
title: A step to clean energy Sustainability in energy system management in an emerging economy context
year: 2020

abstract: Energy is an essential input to the overall development of the economy. It provides light and fuel to millions of households, industry, agriculture, commerce all service sectors and so on. Since energy is a critical component, development of conventional and nonconventional forms of energy for meeting the growing demand of the society at reasonable price and quality is the responsibility of the government. Energy Audit is an important and vital tool in the management of energy both at industry and nation level. It is required for improvising the efficient management practices in energy production, utilization and distribution with better technology and to thereby conserve for future growth and development. With the growing importance for industrial sectors in the country's development and increasing energy consumptions, it has become essential and necessity to opt for more optimization methods in the consumption of energy. A saving of 15 to 30% can be done by optimal usage of energy at home. Energy conservation and safety is the topmost priority in today's world to have a consistent growth, increase in production and to protect our environment. Energy audit and its management is instrumental to cope with the variation in the cost of energy, to identify the appropriate mixes of energy, to improvise the energy conservative equipment and technologies. Along with innovative technology for energy consumptions we also require innovative methods in the management of energy audit to help the country with efficient energy management system, reduce cost and save energy for future requirements. To study and understand the need for Energy audit with innovative technology management in India. To analyze its importance for resourcing clean energy and sustainability in India.
author_names: C Sivapriya

S Preetha

Vignesh Rajendran
title: Energy Audit with Innovative Technology Management for Resourcing the Clean Energy and Sustainability in India
year: 2018

abstract: Hydrogen is an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels and is considered as a renewable energy carrier for meeting the ever increasing energy demand. Although hydrogen is
author_names: Arunkumar Pandiyan

Aarthi Uthayakumar

Rengaraj Subrayan

Suresh Babu Krishna Moorthy
title: Review of solid oxide electrolysis cells: a clean energy strategy for hydrogen generation
venue: Nanomaterials and Energy
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract This paper proposes a two stage robust scheduling model for the optimal operation of the solar wind hydropower thermal pumped storage (SWHTP) system considering both energy and reserve markets in the competitive environment. Day ahead energy costs are intended in the first stage of the proposed model while the second stage considers the worst case energy dispatch costs. Optimal scheduling of the reserve and energy markets is conducted to ensure the energy balance in the presence of the stochastic producers. Uncertainty modeling is also carried out by considering the worst occurrence of wind speed using the robust optimization method. Moreover, the demand response program's capability is used due to the flexibility of some loads. The modified IEEE 5 bus and 24 bus test systems are selected for analyzing the effectiveness of the proposed model. Simulation results proved the success of the proposed model in meeting the electricity demand with minimum energy costs and maximum usage of the clean energy resource's potential. Given the numerical results, increasing 27.04% in the amount of operation costs considering the worst occurrence of the wind speed concludes that enhancing the robustness of the system in the presence of uncertainties will increase the total costs of the system. Moreover, applying the demand response program for improving the flexibility of the system has been led to 7.48% increment in the system revenue, which indicates that the effective usage of the shiftable and curtailable features of the elastic loads can improve the reliability of continuous energy supply along with total energy costs in the deregulated environment.
author_names: Mohammadreza Daneshvar

Behnam Mohammadi-ivatloo

Kazem Zare
title: Two stage optimal robust scheduling of hybrid energy system considering the demand response programs
year: 2020

abstract: Abstract We analyze the feasibility of a novel, hydrogen fuel cell electric generator to provide power with zero noise and emissions for myriad ground based applications. The hydrogen fuel cell electric generator utilizes a novel, scalable apparatus that safely generates hydrogen (H2) on demand according to a novel method, using a controlled chemical reaction between water (H2O) and sodium (Na) metal that yields hydrogen gas of sufficient purity for direct use in fuel cells without risk of contaminating sensitive catalysts. The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) byproduct of the hydrogen producing reaction, is collected within the apparatus for later reprocessing by electrolysis, to recover the Na reactant. The detailed analysis shows that the novel, hydrogen fuel cell electric generator will be capable of meeting the clean power requirements for residential and commercial buildings including single family homes and light commercial establishments under a wide range of geographic and climatic conditions.
author_names: Alvin G Stern
title: A new sustainable hydrogen clean energy paradigm
year: 2018

abstract: The global energy requirement has grown at a phenomenal rate.The demand for coal will continue to remain as it is looked upon as the prime energy source for the coming future. Economic development and poverty alleviation depend on securing affordable energy sources and coal mining industry offers a bright future for the energy security in the Asia Pacific Region. However, direct use of coal leads to environmental pollution. The emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) a principal greenhouse gas (GHG) is strongly related to the use of fossil fuel, especially coal, for energy production. A long term projection for the Indian energy sector upto the year 2031 32 showed that CO2 emissions from India are likely to increase much faster and reach 3.5 times the present value. A rise in the global temperature varying from 2degC to 3.5degC and a sea level rise of 65 cm is also estimated by the year 2100. As coal will remain to be the prime energy source, this paper emphasizes on the need to develop clean coal technologies where coal can be refined in coal refineries to obtain different fractionated products having different quality grade class (QGC) of fuels. It also highlights the need to develop further clean coal technologies, such as integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) through hydrogen generation for zero emission. The use of ultra clean coal in gas turbines directly will enhance the efficiency of power generation to 52 55 per cent from the existing efficiency of pulverized coal power generation of 33 38 per cent. This paper discusses the role of Mining Engineers for the promotion of clean coal technologies (CCT) in fulfilling energy demand in a sustainable manner. Brute force high pressure coal conversion processes will have to be replaced by the convenient and cost effective low atmospheric pressure processes. During the production of coal gas methane if CO2 is injected suitably in coal seams it can release methane, which has double benefit in curbing global warming. Underground coal gasification (UCG) has a large potential to extend the lifetime of this resource, perhaps by a couple hundred years. UCG can also provide a clean energy source through carbon capture and storage techniques and it offers a unique option for CO2 storage.The methodology, as discussed, may have formed a guideline to develop clean coal technologies, which can be applied at an industrial scale for various sites.
author_names: Mrinal Kanti Ghose
title: Meeting the Challenges of Sustainable Development of Energy Through Clean Coal Technologies
year: 2013

abstract: Renewable energy resources have played an important role to meet increasing energy demand in the world. Among the renewable energy resources, especially, wind energy is of interest due to some advantages, such as being clean, environmental friendly etc. However, the intermittent nature of wind creates several problems to the power system operation and new approaches based on the combined use of wind power and energy storage technologies need to be developed. One of these combined systems is wind hydro pumped storage systems. In this paper, hydropower and wind energy potential of Turkey are investigated in details. Besides, the importance and the necessity of wind hydro pumped storage systems for Turkey are comprehensively examined and finally, the contribution of wind hydro pumped storage systems is emphasized in meeting Turkey's electric energy demand.
author_names: Bahtiyar Dursun

Bora Alboyaci
title: The contribution of wind hydro pumped storage systems in meeting Turkey's electric energy demand
year: 2010