Search query: two dimensional materials

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abstract: Rapid digital technology advancement has resulted in a tremendous increase in computing tasks imposing stringent energy efficiency and area efficiency requirements on next generation computing. To meet the growing data driven demand, in memory computing and transistor based computing have emerged as potent technologies for the implementation of matrix and logic computing. However, to fulfil the future computing requirements new materials are urgently needed to complement the existing Si complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology and new technologies must be developed to enable further diversification of electronics and their applications. The abundance and rich variety of electronic properties of two dimensional materials have endowed them with the potential to enhance computing energy efficiency while enabling continued device downscaling to a feature size below 5 nm. In this Review, from the perspective of matrix and logic computing, we discuss the opportunities, progress and challenges of integrating two dimensional materials with in memory computing and transistor based computing technologies. This Review discusses the recent progress and future prospects of two dimensional materials for next generation nanoelectronics.
author_names: Chunsen Liu

Huawei Chen

Shuiyuan Wang

Qi Liu

Yu-Gang Jiang

David-Wei Zhang

Ming Liu

Peng Zhou
title: Two dimensional materials for next generation computing technologies
venue: Nature Nanotechnology
year: 2020

abstract: Two dimensional materials including TMDCs, hBN, graphene, non layered compounds, black phosphorous, Xenes and other emerging materials with large lateral dimensions exceeding a hundred micrometres are summarised detailing their synthetic strategies. Crystal quality optimisations and defect engineering are discussed for large area two dimensional materials synthesis. Electronics and optoelectronics applications enabled by large area two dimensional materials are explored. Large area and high quality two dimensional crystals are the basis for the development of the next generation electronic and optical devices. The synthesis of two dimensional materials in wafer scales is the first critical step for future technology uptake by the industries; however, currently presented as a significant challenge. Substantial efforts have been devoted to producing atomically thin two dimensional materials with large lateral dimensions, controllable and uniform thicknesses, large crystal domains and minimum defects. In this review, recent advances in synthetic routes to obtain high quality two dimensional crystals with lateral sizes exceeding a hundred micrometres are outlined. Applications of the achieved large area two dimensional crystals in electronics and optoelectronics are summarised, and advantages and disadvantages of each approach considering ease of the synthesis, defects, grain sizes and uniformity are discussed.
author_names: Ali Zavabeti

Azmira Jannat

Li Zhong

Azhar Ali Haidry

Zhengjun Yao

Jianzhen Ou
title: Two Dimensional Materials in Large Areas: Synthesis, Properties and Applications
venue: Nano micro letters
year: 2020

abstract: The technological evolution has been progressing for centuries and will possibly increase at a higher rate in the 21st century. Currently, in this age of nanotechnology, the discovery of more economical and sustainable novel materials has considerably increased. The abundance of two dimensional (2D) materials has endowed them with a broad material platform in technical studies and in the expansion of nano and atomic level applications. The innovation of graphene has motivated considerable attention to the study of other novel 2D materials, known as modern day "alchemy" by which scientists are trying to convert most possible periodic table elements into 2D material structures and forms. 2D material devices with high quality and good optical encoder performance have a multitude of industrial applications. However, their stability and large size restrict their applications, but these problems can be overcome by functionalization and substrate based formation of 2D materials. Therefore, via this review, first, basic attributes of 2D materials are described, and the mechanisms to further enhance their properties are also summarized. Second, the applications of 2D materials are discussed, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, some effective device fabrication approaches, such as heterostructure approaches, are applied to further enhance the properties of 2D materials; their novel device applications and opportunities are also presented. This updated review may provide new avenues for 2D material synthesis and development of more efficient devices compared to conventional devices in different fields.
author_names: Karim Khan

Ayesha Khan Tareen

Muhammad Aslam

Renheng Wang

Yupeng Zhang

Asif Mahmood

Zhengbiao Ouyang

Han Zhang

Zhongyi Guo
title: Recent developments in emerging two dimensional materials and their applications
year: 2020

abstract: After the first unequivocal demonstration of spin transport in graphene (Tombros et al. 2007) surprisingly at room temperature, it was quickly realized that this novel material was relevant for both fundamental spintronics and future applications. Over the decade since, exciting results have made the field of graphene spintronics blossom, and a second generation of studies has extended to new two dimensional (2D) compounds. This Colloquium reviews recent theoretical and experimental advances on electronic spin transport in graphene and related 2D materials, focusing on emergent phenomena in van der Waals heterostructures and the new perspectives provided by them. These phenomena include proximity enabled spin orbit effects, the coupling of electronic spin to light, electrical tunability, and 2D magnetism.
author_names: Ahmet Avsar

H Ochoa

Francisco Guinea

Bart Jan van Wees

Ivan J Vera-Marun
title: Colloquium: Spintronics in graphene and other two dimensional materials
year: 2020

abstract: Summary Two dimensional materials with abundant in plane pores (porous 2D materials) have shown high performances as catalysts, especially for photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, owing to their distinct microstructural advantages originating from both 2D materials and porous materials. Here, the recent progress in porous 2D materials in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis is reviewed. We first highlight the influence of their special structural merits on the processes of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis, including transport of ion and/or charge carriers, surface active sites, stability, modifications, electronic band structure, and light absorption properties. Representative synthetic methods for porous 2D materials are also introduced classified by top down and bottom up routes. In addition, their applications in different aspects of photocatalysis and electrocatalysis are presented systematically. In conclusion, we propose some opportunities and challenges for the development of porous 2D materials, with the hope of further facilitating the applications of these emerging advanced materials in photocatalysis and electrolysis.
author_names: He Wang

Xuan Liu

Ping Niu

Shulan Wang

Jian Shi

Lei Li
title: Porous Two Dimensional Materials for Photocatalytic and Electrocatalytic Applications
year: 2020

abstract: Smart drug delivery nano systems show significant changes in their physical or chemical properties in response to slight change in environmental physical and/or chemical signals, and further releasing drugs adjusted to the progression of the disease at the right target and rate intelligently. Two dimensional materials possess dramatic status extend all over various scientific and technological disciplines by reason of their exceptional unique properties in application of smart drug delivery nano systems. In this review, we summarized current progress to highlight various kinds of two dimensional materials drug carriers which are widely explored in smart drug delivery systems as well as classification of stimuli responsive two dimensional materials and the advantages and disadvantages of their applications. Consequently, we anticipate that this review might inspire the development of new two dimensional materials with smart drug delivery systems, and deepen researchers' understanding of smart nano carries based on two dimensional materials.
author_names: Hua Zhang

Taojian Fan

Wen Chen

Yingchun Li

Bing Wang
title: Recent advances of two dimensional materials in smart drug delivery nano systems
venue: Bioactive materials
year: 2020

abstract: Graphene's success has shown that it is possible to create stable, single and few atom thick layers of van der Waals materials, and also that these materials can exhibit fascinating and technologically useful properties. Here we review the state of the art of 2D materials beyond graphene. Initially, we will outline the different chemical classes of 2D materials and discuss the various strategies to prepare single layer, few layer, and multilayer assembly materials in solution, on substrates, and on the wafer scale. Additionally, we present an experimental guide for identifying and characterizing single layer thick materials, as well as outlining emerging techniques that yield both local and global information. We describe the differences that occur in the electronic structure between the bulk and the single layer and discuss various methods of tuning their electronic properties by manipulating the surface. Finally, we highlight the properties and advantages of single few and many layer 2D materials in field effect transistors, spin and valley tronics, thermoelectrics, and topological insulators, among many other applications.
author_names: Sheneve Butler

Shawna M Hollen

Linyou Cao

Yi Cui

Jay A Gupta

Humberto R Gutierrez

Tony F Heinz

Seung Sae Hong

Jiaxing Huang

Ariel Ismach

Ezekiel Johnston-Halperin

Masaru Kuno

Vladimir V Plashnitsa

Richard D Robinson

Rodney S Ruoff

Sayeef S Salahuddin

Jie Shan

Li Shi

Michael G Spencer

Mauricio Terrones

Wolfgang Windl

Joshua E Goldberger
title: Progress, challenges, and opportunities in two dimensional materials beyond graphene.
venue: ACS nano
year: 2013

abstract: Graphene and other two dimensional materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, have rapidly established themselves as intriguing building blocks for optoelectronic applications, with a strong focus on various photodetection platforms. The versatility of these material systems enables their application in areas including ultrafast and ultrasensitive detection of light in the ultraviolet, visible, infrared and terahertz frequency ranges. These detectors can be integrated with other photonic components based on the same material, as well as with silicon photonic and electronic technologies. Here, we provide an overview and evaluation of state of the art photodetectors based on graphene, other two dimensional materials, and hybrid systems based on the combination of different two dimensional crystals or of two dimensional crystals and other (nano)materials, such as plasmonic nanoparticles, semiconductors, quantum dots, or their integration with (silicon) waveguides.
author_names: Frank H L Koppens

T Mueller

Phaedon Avouris

Andrea C Ferrari

Miriam Serena Vitiello

Marco Polini
title: Photodetectors based on graphene, other two dimensional materials and hybrid systems.
venue: Nature nanotechnology
year: 2014

abstract: Recently a new, large family of two dimensional (2D) early transition metal carbides and carbonitrides, called MXenes, was discovered. MXenes are produced by selective etching of the A element from the MAX phases, which are metallically conductive, layered solids connected by strong metallic, ionic, and covalent bonds, such as Ti2 AlC, Ti3 AlC2 and Ta4 AlC3 MXenes combine the metallic conductivity of transition metal carbides with the hydrophilic nature of their hydroxyl or oxygen terminated surfaces. In essence, they behave as "conductive clays" This article reviews progress both experimental and theoretical on their synthesis, structure, properties, intercalation, delamination, and potential applications. MXenes are expected to be good candidates for a host of applications. They have already shown promising performance in electrochemical energy storage systems. A detailed outlook for future research on MXenes is also presented.
author_names: Michael Naguib

Vadym N Mochalin

Michel W Barsoum

Yury Gogotsi
title: 25th anniversary article: MXenes: a new family of two dimensional materials.
venue: Advanced materials
year: 2014

abstract: Two dimensional (2D) materials have emerged as promising candidates for next generation electronic and optoelectronic applications. Yet, only a few dozen 2D materials have been successfully synthesized or exfoliated. Here, we search for 2D materials that can be easily exfoliated from their parent compounds. Starting from 108,423 unique, experimentally known 3D compounds, we identify a subset of 5,619 compounds that appear layered according to robust geometric and bonding criteria. High throughput calculations using van der Waals density functional theory, validated against experimental structural data and calculated random phase approximation binding energies, further allowed the identification of 1,825 compounds that are either easily or potentially exfoliable. In particular, the subset of 1,036 easily exfoliable cases provides novel structural prototypes and simple ternary compounds as well as a large portfolio of materials to search from for optimal properties. For a subset of 258 compounds, we explore vibrational, electronic, magnetic and topological properties, identifying 56 ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems, including half metals and half semiconductors.The largest available database of potentially exfoliable 2D materials has been obtained via high throughput calculations using van der Waals density functional theory.
author_names: Nicolas Mounet

Marco Gibertini

Philippe Schwaller

Davide Campi

Andrius Merkys

Antimo Marrazzo

Thibault Sohier

Ivano Eligio Castelli

Andrea Cepellotti

Giovanni Pizzi

Nicola Marzari
title: Two dimensional materials from high throughput computational exfoliation of experimentally known compounds
venue: Nature Nanotechnology
year: 2018