Search query: Principles of sustainable energy systems

Related papers:

abstract: Introduction to Sustainable Energy Sustainability Principles Carrying Capacity Context for Sustainable Energy Key Sustainability Considerations Energy Efficiency and Conservation Energy from Fossil Fuels Nuclear Energy Renewable Energy Hydrogen NREL System Advisor Model Energy Units and Conversion Factors Problems Discussion Questions Online Resources References Suggested Readings Economics of Energy Generation and Conservation Systems Unit Cost of Energy Payback Period Time Value of Money Inflation Societal and Environmental Costs Total Life Cycle Costs Internal Rate of Return Capital Recovery Factor Levelized Cost of Energy Input Output Analysis Energy System Analysis Methodologies Energy Return on Energy Invested EROI for a Wind Energy System EROI for Nuclear Power Relation between Energy Return on Energy Invested and Monetary Return on Investment Problems References Wind Energy, Contributing Author: Gary E. Pawlas Wind Power in a Nutshell Power and Energy Fact or Fiction: Common Questions about Wind Turbines History of Wind Turbine Development: HAWTs and VAWTs Introduction to Wind Turbine Performance Aerodynamics Wind Characteristics Turbine Performance Cost of Energy Wind Farms Offshore Wind Energy System Advisory Model Additional Topics for Study Acknowledgment Problems References Capturing Solar Energy through Biomass, Contributing Authors: Robert C. Brown and Mark M. Wright Biomass Production and Land Use Waste Material Energy Crops Algae Land Use for Biomass Production Important Properties of Biomass Biomass Process Economics and Technology Conversion of Biomass to Gaseous Fuels Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Fuels Conversion of Biomass to Electricity Fossil and Biomass Fuel Properties Conclusions Problems References Fundamentals of Solar Radiation Physics of the Sun and Its Energy Transport Thermal Radiation Fundamentals Sun Earth Geometric Relationship Solar Radiation Estimation of Terrestrial Solar Radiation Models Based on Long Term Measured Horizontal Solar Radiation Measurement of Solar Radiation Problems References Photovoltaics Semiconductors Analysis of Photovoltaic Cells Manufacture of Solar Cells and Panels Design for Remote Photovoltaic Applications Thin Film PV Technology Multilayer PV Technology PVWatts for PV Performance Estimates Problems References Suggested Readings Solar Heating and Cooling of Buildings Radiative Properties and Characteristics of Materials Flat Plate Collectors Evacuated Tube Collectors Experimental Testing of Collectors Calculations of Heating and Hot Water Loads in Buildings Solar Water Heating Systems Liquid Based Solar Heating Systems for Buildings Methods of Modeling and Design of Solar Heating Systems Solar Cooling Solar Desiccant Dehumidification Problems References Solar Process Heat and Thermal Power Historical Perspective Solar Industrial Process Heat Parabolic Collectors Long Term Performance of SIPH Systems Thermal Power Fundamentals Solar Thermal Power Plants Parabolic Dish Systems and Stirling Engines Problems References Passive Solar Heating, Cooling, and Daylighting, Contributing Author: Jeffrey H. Morehouse Introduction Key Elements of Economic Consideration Solar Thermosyphon Water Heating Passive Solar Heating Design Fundamentals Passive Design Approaches Passive Space Cooling Design Fundamentals Daylighting Design Fundamentals Problems Defining Terms References Suggested Readings Further Information Energy Storage Overview of Storage Technology Mechanical Technologies Direct Electrical Technologies Fundamentals of Batteries and Fuel Cells Rechargeable Batteries Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Thermal Energy Storage Virtual Storage in the Electric Transmission Grid Problems References Battery Resources Ocean Energy Conversion Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Tidal Energy Ocean Wave Energy Problems References Transportation Introduction Alternative Fuels Well to Wheel Analysis Mass Transportation Hybrid Electric Vehicles Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Advanced Ground Transportation with Biomass Fuel Future All Electric System Hydrogen for Transportation Natural Gas as a Transitional Bridging Fuel Problems Energy Committee References Online Resources Transition Engineering, Contributing Author: Susan Krumdieck Foundations of Transition Engineering Anthropogenic System Dynamics Risk Management Framework of Change Projects Strategic Analysis of Complex Systems Concluding Remarks Problems References Index
author_names: Frank Kreith
title: Principles of sustainable energy systems
year: 2013

author_names: Charles F Kutscher
title: Principles of Sustainable Energy Systems, Third Edition
year: 2018

abstract: There is more or less consensus around the problems related to the existing energy systems. Most focus has been on the negative environmental effects of using fossil fuels. Many papers and reports conclude that renewable energy has the potential to run the world and the technology needed to do so is available. An important question is: why such a big potential is only marginally utilized?
author_names: Ziyi Wang

R Wennersten

Qie Sun
title: Outline of principles for building scenarios Transition toward more sustainable energy systems
year: 2017

abstract: Abstract This review article deals with thermodynamics and thermochemistry of processes combining solar radiation power with chemical reactions for the production and storage of usable energy. Some of the most promising procedures of such processes discussed in the literature have been selected as representative examples and are analyzed on the basis of their thermodynamic principles rather than reporting on technical details and feasibility studies with respect to economic potentials. The examples studied involve pure gaseous as well as heterogeneous reactive systems where the shift of chemical equilibria at different temperatures is used to gain chemical energy. The majority of examples focusses on different multistep chemical processes for water splitting into H2 and O2 which have already been tested on laboratory and semi technical scale.
author_names: Andreas Heintz
title: Solar energy combined with chemical reactive systems for the production and storage of sustainable energy. A review of thermodynamic principles
year: 2012

abstract: This paper explores sustainable energy systems in ecovillages based on the concept of the Zero Energy Building. The cases discussed in this paper include BedZED in the United Kingdom and Masdar City in the Middle East. These two communities contain features characterized by the sustainable principles of the ecovillage concept by using renewable energy and reclaimed materials to reach a low/zero energy system in buildings. The creation of more ecovillages and the growth of current ecovillages play an important role in positively solving environmental and social problems. The low energy buildings in the ecovillages also act as a model for communities wishing to implement sustainable development.
author_names: Dan Zhu

Michael Kung

Liang Zhou
title: Analysis of Sustainable Energy Systems in Ecovillages: A Review of Progress in BedZED and Masdar City
year: 2015

abstract: Sustainable energy development always involves complex optimization problems of design, planning, and control, which are often computationally difficult for conventional optimization methods. Fortunately, the continuous advances in artificial intelligence have resulted in an increasing number of heuristic optimization methods for effectively handling those complicated problems. Particularly, algorithms that are inspired by the principles of natural biological evolution and/or collective behavior of social colonies have shown a promising performance and are becoming more and more popular nowadays. In this paper we summarize the recent advances in bio inspired optimization methods, including artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, swarm intelligence, and their hybridizations, which are applied to the field of sustainable energy development. Literature reviewed in this paper shows the current state of the art and discusses the potential future research trends.
author_names: Yujun Zheng

Shengyong Chen

Yao Lin

Wanliang Wang
title: Bio Inspired Optimization of Sustainable Energy Systems: A Review
year: 2013

abstract: Introduction to Sustainable Energy Global Sustainability Role of Energy Conservation Nuclear Energy Hydrogen Geothermal Energy Global Status and Potential of Renewable Energy Summary of Renewable Energy Resources Orders of Magnitude Energy Units and Conversion Factors Problems Online Resources References Suggested Readings Economics of Energy Generation and Conservation Systems Time Value of Money Inflation Societal Costs Total Life Cycle Costs Internal Rate of Return Levelized Cost of Energy Example of a Typical Cash Flow Scenario Energy Analysis Methodology EROI for a Wind Energy System EROI for Nuclear Power Problems Appendix 2.A Capital Recovery Factor References Wind Energy, Contributing Author: G. Pawlas Wind Power in a Nutshell Power and Energy Fact or Fiction: Common Questions about Wind Turbines History of Wind Turbine Development: HAWTs and VAWTs Introduction to Wind Turbine Performance Aerodynamics Wind Characteristics Turbine Performance Cost of Energy Wind Farms Offshore Wind Energy Additional Topics for Study Acknowledgment Problems References Capturing Solar Energy through Biomass, Contributing Authors: R.C. Brown and M.M. Wright Introduction Biomass Feedstocks Conversion of Biomass to Gaseous Fuels Transportation Fuels from Biomass Conversion of Biomass to Electricity Conclusions Solutions to Selected Problems Additional Problems References Fundamentals of Solar Radiation The Physics of the Sun and Its Energy Transport Thermal Radiation Fundamentals Sun Earth Geometric Relationship Solar Radiation Models Based on Long Term Measured Horizontal Solar Radiation Measurement of Solar Radiation Problems Appendix References Photovoltaics Semiconductors Analysis of Photovoltaic Cells Manufacture of Solar Cells and Panels Design for Remote Photovoltaic Applications Thin Film PV Technology Multilayer PV Technology Problems References Solar Heating and Cooling of Buildings Radiative Properties and Characteristics of Materials Flat Plate Collectors Evacuated Tube Collectors Experimental Testing of Collectors Calculations of Heating and Hot Water Loads in Buildings Solar Water Heating Systems Liquid Based Solar Heating Systems for Buildings Methods of Modeling and Design of Solar Heating Systems Solar Cooling Solar Desiccant Dehumidification Problems Appendix References Solar Process Heat and Thermal Power Historical Perspective Solar Industrial Process Heat Parabolic Collectors Long Term Performance of SIPH Systems TRNSYS Computer Simulation Program Solar Thermal Power Examples of Solar Thermal Power Plants Parabolic Dish Systems and Stirling Engines Recent Developments in Solar Thermal Power Cycles Problems References Passive Solar Heating, Cooling, and Daylighting, Contributing Author: J.H. Morehouse Introduction Solar Thermosyphon Water Heating Passive Solar Heating Design Fundamentals Passive Space Cooling Design Fundamentals Daylighting Design Fundamentals Defining Terms References For Further Information Energy Storage Overview of Storage Technology Mechanical Technologies Direct Electrical Technologies Fundamentals of Batteries and Fuel Cells Rechargeable Batteries Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Thermal Energy Storage Problems References Other Battery Resources Ocean Energy Conversion Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Tidal Energy Ocean Wave Energy References Transportation Introduction Alternative Fuels Well to Wheel Analysis Mass Transportation Hybrid Electric Vehicles Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Advanced Ground Transportation with Biomass Fuel Future All Electric System Hydrogen for Transportation Problems References Index
author_names: Frank Kreith

Jan F Kreider

Aldo Steinfeld
title: Principles of Sustainable Energy
year: 2013

abstract: Abstract There is more or less consensus around the problems related to the existing energy systems in the world. Most focus has been on the negative environmental effects of using fossil fuels. However, looking at the development there seems to be important barriers for change. Many papers and reports conclude that the renewable energy sources have the potential to run the world and the technology needed to do so is available. A relevant and important question in this paper is then why is this potential only marginally utilized? Often the high prices of renewables are said to be one barrier and that technology change will gradually increase the advantages of renewable energy. However considerations based solely on thermodynamics and energy systems analysis, no matter how simple they are, lead to a very serious conclusion, namely that the utilization of renewable energy does not support continuous growth as we know it. In order to develop pathways for change, scenarios can be used to support decision making involving all key actors in society. In this paper we outline the driving forces why we ended up in the energy systems we have today. The competition between fossil fuels and renewable energy must be analyzed at a more fundamental thermodynamic level. This analysis has also to include the links between energy and material transformation. Understanding this we can outline possible roadmaps for transitions to more sustainable energy and material systems starting from primary energy sources. The strong dependence on fossil fuels now will require long transitions periods for change. However it is important to start the transitions taking small steps forward. The problem related to fossil fuels and climate change will not be solved in due time. The only realistic options here is Carbon Capture and storage together with climate change adaption. One difficulty in making scenarios is to handle changes in technology and people's behavior. By developing evolutionary forecasting scenarios (EFS) different roadmaps can be evaluated, including continuous and discontinuous technology change. The key parameter that will determine the inevitable transitions in energy use and the future of our civilization is the emergy yield ratio we can obtain from the renewable energy sources. For material transformation conservation of low entropy states will be of high importance.
author_names: Ziyi Wang

Qinxing Wang

R Wennersten

Qie Sun
title: Transitions to Sustainable Energy and Material Systems Outline of Principles for Scenarios
year: 2015

abstract: Abstract The evaluation of the environmental performance of energy systems used in residential buildings by applying the principles of the Life Cycle Analysis is an established methodological approach. Applying it in practice presents, however, significant interest, as a lack of available data has to be overcome. The research results presented in this paper include the analysis of the production, disposal and transportation of the materials used for the manufacturing processes of the building's energy systems, which include an oil and a gas fired boiler, split unit air conditioners, mono Si and poly Si PV arrays, flat plate and evacuated tube solar thermal collectors and their auxiliaries. The data needed for the analysis were taken from audits in the industries producing those systems, from related studies already published and from publicly available databases, when no other source was available. In this way, a comprehensive and fully adjustable database of the systems' environmental impact has been created. This database can be a part of an integrated dynamic decision support tool, or it can be used in combination with tools commercially available. It can therefore assist prospective users in the selection of the appropriate energy systems that will lead to the minimization of the total environmental impact of new and existing buildings. The results are applied to a representative residential building and its systems are evaluated and analyzed for several scenarios.
author_names: Dimitrios Anastaselos

Simeon Oxizidis

Alexandros Manoudis

Agis M Papadopoulos
title: Environmental performance of energy systems of residential buildings: Toward sustainable communities
year: 2016

abstract: Abstract The study of sustainable energy systems is an interdisciplinary endeavour which entails the analysis of a large amount of diverse data and complex interactions that are better understood if developed from first principles. This paper reviews the approaches to this analysis and presents as a general case study, a fossil free imaginary island whose electricity, heat and mobility demand are fulfilled with sustainable and renewable energies only. The detailed hourly balance between supply and demand highlights the importance of energy storage, which is achieved by reversible hydropower and storage in electric vehicles.
author_names: Miguel Centeno Brito

Killian Lobato

Pedro Nunes

Filipe C Serra
title: Sustainable energy systems in an imaginary island
year: 2014