Search query: Bidirectional DC-DC converter

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abstract: High frequency link (HFL) power conversion systems (PCSs) are attracting more and more attentions in academia and industry for high power density, reduced weight, and low noise without compromising efficiency, cost, and reliability. In HFL PCSs, dual active bridge (DAB) isolated bidirectional dc dc converter (IBDC) serves as the core circuit. This paper gives an overview of DAB IBDC for HFL PCSs. First, the research necessity and development history are introduced. Second, the research subjects about basic characterization, control strategy, soft switching solution and variant, as well as hardware design and optimization are reviewed and analyzed. On this basis, several typical application schemes of DAB IBDC for HPL PCSs are presented in a worldwide scope. Finally, design recommendations and future trends are presented. As the core circuit of HFL PCSs, DAB IBDC has wide prospects. The large scale practical application of DAB IBDC for HFL PCSs is expected with the recent advances in solid state semiconductors, magnetic and capacitive materials, and microelectronic technologies.
author_names: Biao Zhao

Qiang Song

Wenhua Liu

Yandong Sun
title: Overview of Dual Active Bridge Isolated Bidirectional DC DC Converter for High Frequency Link Power Conversion System
venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
year: 2014

abstract: Renewable energy generations have been attracting sustained attentions in academic and industry. Current fed isolated bidirectional dc/dc converters (CF IBDCs) are widely adopted in low voltage high current applications such as solar photovoltaic fuel cell with energy storage. This paper gives an overview and a comprehensive comparative evaluation of CF IBDCs. The active clamped, dual half bridge, L L type dual active bridge, resonant type, naturally clamped, and other type topologies of CF IBDCs are investigated, analyzed, and compared regarding their circuit topological structures, operation characteristics, modulation methods, and soft switching technologies. In addition, component cost models and loss models of converters are deduced and presented. On this basis, quantitative and comprehensive performance comparison of seven typical CF IBDC topologies selected from each type is conducted in terms of costs, losses, weight, volume, and power density for the given system specifications and design constraints. Finally, the application range of different CF IBDCs and future trend are presented to encourage further development.
author_names: Xuewei Pan

Hongqi Li

Yitao Liu

Tianyang Zhao

Chenchen Ju

Akshay Kumar Rathore
title: An Overview and Comprehensive Comparative Evaluation of Current Fed Isolated Bidirectional DC/DC Converter
venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
year: 2020

abstract: A novel bidirectional dc dc converter based on the quasi Z source (qZS) topology is presented in this paper. During battery discharge, it operates as the conventional qZS full bridge converter with a synchronous voltage doubler rectifier. During battery charging, it operates as the half bridge converter with a synchronous full bridge rectifier and LC filter. A relay is used for reconfiguration between those two modes. The operation principle is explained, and design guidelines are provided. A prototype with a nominal power of 300 W is used for verification of steady state regulation characteristics and efficiency measurements in the input voltage range compatible with an eight cell LiFePO4 battery. Closed loop control system for the converter application in dc microgrids is presented and tested in two control scenarios: dc bus signaling and direct reference defined by a master controller through a communication channel.
author_names: Andrii Chub

Dmitri Vinnikov

Roman Kosenko

Elizaveta Liivik

Ilya Galkin
title: Bidirectional DC DC Converter for Modular Residential Battery Energy Storage Systems
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2020

abstract: The triple phase shift (TPS) modulation scheme, which provides three control freedoms, is of great importance for the optimized operation of a dual active bridge (DAB) isolated bidirectional dc/dc converter. First of all, this paper introduces an accurate, universal model to describe the analytic expressions of the DAB converter under TPS control. Based on this, six operating modes of the DAB converter are further discussed. Afterwards, the concept of global optimal condition (GOC) equations is proposed to derive the closed form of analytic expressions of an optimal modulation scheme that makes the DAB converter operate with minimized root mean square (rms) current during whole power range with different operating modes. According to the GOC equations, the physical explanation of the proposed modulation scheme is further given in details, and the complex interaction among the control variables, the transferred power, and rms current is revealed. The real time optimization process of the proposed method is also specified. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to a laboratory prototype. The experimental results confirm the theoretical analysis and practical feasibility of the proposed strategies.
author_names: Anping Tong

Lijun Hang

Guojie Li

Xiuchen Jiang

Shenyu Gao
title: Modeling and Analysis of a Dual Active Bridge Isolated Bidirectional DC/DC Converter to Minimize RMS Current With Whole Operating Range
venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
year: 2018

abstract: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the current stress optimization and soft switching operation of the isolated bidirectional dual active bridge (DAB) dc dc converter with the unified triple phase shift (UTPS) control. On this basis, the current stress optimized modulation scheme is proposed for DAB, which leads to the minimum current stress with the required transmission power and voltage conversion ratio in the whole load range. Moreover, the full soft switching operation is achieved for the converter simultaneously. Distinct from the previous modulation schemes, the proposed optimized modulation scheme is deduced from a unified analysis of TPS where all effective switching modes are investigated. A novel algorithm based on the Karush Kuhn Tucker (KKT) conditions is originally proposed to derive closed form solutions for the global optimal control parameters. This paper also presents a typical closed loop control strategy for DAB with TPS control and detailed descriptions about the closed loop operation. A laboratory prototype is applied, and the experimental results validate that the current stress optimization and efficiency improvement are realized by applying the optimized modulation scheme. The experimental results also verify the effectiveness of the closed loop control strategy for DAB with TPS control.
author_names: Jun Huang

Yue Wang

Zhuoqiang Li

Wanjun Lei
title: Unified Triple Phase Shift Control to Minimize Current Stress and Achieve Full Soft Switching of Isolated Bidirectional DC DC Converter
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2016

abstract: In this paper, a hybrid switched capacitor/switched quasi Z source bidirectional dc dc converter is proposed for electric vehicles (EVs) with hybrid energy sources, which has a wide voltage gain range in the bidirectional energy flows. Compared with the traditional quasi Z source bidirectional dc dc converter, the proposed converter only changes the position of the main power switch and employs a switched capacitor cell at the output of the high voltage side. Therefore, the advantages of the wide voltage gain range and the lower voltage stresses across the power switches can be achieved. The operating principle, the voltage and current stresses across the power switches, and the comparisons with other converters are analyzed in detail. Furthermore, the parameter design of the main components, the dynamic modeling analysis, and the voltage control scheme are also presented. Finally, the experimental results obtained from a 400 W prototype validate the characteristics and the theoretical analysis of the proposed converter.
author_names: Yun Zhang

Qiangqiang Liu

Yongping Gao

Jing Li

Mark Sumner
title: Hybrid Switched Capacitor/Switched Quasi Z Source Bidirectional DC DC Converter With a Wide Voltage Gain Range for Hybrid Energy Sources EVs
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2019

abstract: A novel bidirectional dc dc converter having high voltage gain capability with high efficiency is proposed in this paper for interfacing storage in a range of applications. The proposed converter steps up (boost) the voltage in one direction while stepping it down (buck) in the other direction of operation. An attractive feature of the proposed converter is the symmetry of its operating modes. It also has inherent soft switching capability during turn on of the switches, enabling high switching frequency operation. This, coupled with the fact that the proposed converter uses only one coupled inductor for both boost and buck modes, leads to a compact system. A clamped capacitor network is used to recover the leakage energy. Circuit description, design, and loss calculations for both buck and boost modes are explained. The bidirectional converter is designed for a voltage gain of 10 and (1/10) in the boost and buck modes, respectively. A 500 W laboratory prototype of the proposed converter has been developed and tested under rated conditions. Even for a large voltage gain of 10, a peak efficiency in excess of 94% is achieved, which is not possible with conventional converters. All the results of this work are included.
author_names: Shreelakshmi M P

Moumita Das

Vivek Agarwal
title: Design and Development of a Novel High Voltage Gain, High Efficiency Bidirectional DC DC Converter for Storage Interface
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2019

abstract: This paper points out a phenomenon of power backflow in traditional phase shift (TPS) control of isolated bidirectional full bridge DC DC converter (IBDC) and analyzes the effects which backflow power act on power circulating flow and current stress. On this basis, the paper proposes a novel extended phase shift (EPS) control of IBDC for power distribution in microgrid. Compared with TPS control, EPS control not only expands regulating range of transmission power and enhances regulating flexibility, but also reduces current stress and improves the system efficiency. The operation principle of EPS control and the operation modes of IBDC are analyzed in the paper. By establishing mathematical models of transmission power, backflow power, and current stress, the paper comparatively analyzes control performances of TPS and EPS control. At last, experimental results verify the excellent performance of EPS control and correctness of the theoretical analysis.
author_names: Biao Zhao

Qingguang Yu

Weixin Sun
title: Extended Phase Shift Control of Isolated Bidirectional DC DC Converter for Power Distribution in Microgrid
venue: IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
year: 2012

abstract: This paper presents a novel 400 to 12 V isolated bidirectional dc dc converter based on a phase shift controlled modified dual active bridge power stage. The proposed converter consists of a half bridge and center tap with active clamp circuit, which has promising performance for low voltage high current applications. 650 V gallium nitride high electron mobility transistors are used on the high voltage side to avoid issues encountered using Si superjunction MOSFETs in phase shift controlled bidirectional power conversions. The operation principle and power transfer characteristic are obtained based on a time domain analysis of the inductor current. Design methodology and criteria and converter's efficiency analysis are discussed. Both the analysis and experiments verify that the proposed converter is capable of achieving low power loss and high power density in soft switching and hard switching modes. Experimental results are presented for a 1 kW, 400 V to 12 V dc dc prototype converter operating at 100 kHz switching frequency. A power density of 30 W/in3 and a peak efficiency of 98.3% in a wide input/output voltage range are achieved.
author_names: Fei Xue

Ruiyang Yu

Alex Q Huang
title: A 98.3% Efficient GaN Isolated Bidirectional DC DC Converter for DC Microgrid Energy Storage System Applications
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2017

abstract: A new transformerless bidirectional buck boost converter is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter has a simple circuit structure, low component count, low voltage stress on the power transistors, and a wide voltage gain range. This makes it applicable in the energy storage charge/discharge systems, such as electric vehicles (EV) microgrids and nanogrids with energy storage units, and uninterruptible power supplies. In addition, synchronous rectification between the complementary transistors is employed to improve the converter efficiency. A comprehensive analysis of the steady state operation, small signal model, component parameters design, and efficiency analysis of the proposed converter operating in a continuous conduction mode is given. Finally, a 1.6 kW scaled down prototype was built using Silicon Carbide MOSFETS to validate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed converter.
author_names: Nour Elsayad

Hadi Moradisizkoohi

Osama A Mohammed
title: Design and Implementation of a New Transformerless Bidirectional DC DC Converter With Wide Conversion Ratios
venue: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
year: 2019