Search query: low temperature SOFC

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abstract: A novel composite was synthesized by mixing La0.1Sr0.9MnO3 d (LSM) with Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 d (SDC) for the functional layer of low temperature solid oxide fuel cell (LT SOFC) Though LSM, a highly electronic conducting semiconductor, was used in the functional layer, the fuel cell device could reach OCVs higher than 1.0 V without short circuit problem. A typical diode or rectification effect was observed when an external electric force was supplied on the device under fuel cell atmosphere, which indicated the existence of a junction that prevented the device from short circuit problem. The optimum ratio of LSM:SDC 1:2 was found for the LT SOFC to reach the highest power density of 742 mW*cm 2 under 550 degC The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data highlighted that introducing LSM into SDC electrolyte layer not only decreased charge transfer resistances from 0.66 O*cm2 for SDC to 0.47 0.49 O*cm2 for LSM SDC composite, but also decreased the activation energy of ionic conduction from 0.55 to 0.20 eV.
author_names: Zhaoqing Wang

Xunying Wang

Zhaoyun Xu

Hui Deng

Wenjing Dong

Baoyuan Wang

Chu Feng

Xueqi Liu

Hao Wang
title: Semiconductor Ionic Nanocomposite La0.1Sr0.9MnO3 d Ce0.8Sm0.2O2 d Functional Layer for High Performance Low Temperature SOFC
venue: Materials
year: 2018

abstract: 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230009 2 Institute of Industry Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, China, 230009 3 Key Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China, 230009 E mail: xuchenxi31@126.com, jxzhaihuajx@hfut.edu.cn
author_names: Hong Wei Xian
title: Effect of MXene on Oxygen Ion Conductivity of Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 as Electrolyte for Low Temperature SOFC
venue: International Journal of Electrochemical Science
year: 2019

abstract: Abstract A novel cell structure for low temperature SOFC was proposed, using porous stainless steel support substrates combined with thin hydrogen permeable Pd layers, thin film proton conductor, and thin film cathode. Metallic supports consist of sintered ferritic stainless steel spherical powders whose thermal expansion coefficient is close to that of the hydrogen permeable layers and proton conductive electrolytes. To prepare the cell, both the 1.2 mm thick proton conductive Sr(Zr0.8Y0.2)O3 d electrolyte layer and the 100 nm thick (La0.6Sr0.4)(Co0.2Fe0.8)O3 d cathode layer were deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on a Pd coated porous ferritic stainless steel substrate. The power generation performance at a low temperature of 400 degC was demonstrated in this proposed cell for the first time, while obtained power density is still low and improvements are required.
author_names: Tetsuro Kariya

Hiroki Tanaka

Tomoki Hirono

Tetsuji Kuse

Katsu Yanagimoto

Kiyoshi Uchiyama

Mitsunori Henmi

Mitsutaka Hirose

Isao Kimura

K Suu

Hiroshi Funakubo
title: Development of a novel cell structure for low temperature SOFC using porous stainless steel support combined with hydrogen permeable Pd layer and thin film proton conductor
year: 2016

abstract: Nanocomposites Samarium doped Ceria (SDC) Gadolinium doped Ceria (GDC) core shell SDC amorphous Na2CO3 (SDCC) and GDC amorphous Na2CO3 (GDCC) were synthesized using co precipitation method and then compared to obtain better solid oxide electrolytes materials for low temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFCs) The comparison is done in terms of structure, crystallanity, thermal stability, conductivity and cell performance. In present work, XRD analysis confirmed proper doping of Sm and Gd in both single phase (SDC, GDC) and dual phase core shell (SDCC, GDCC) electrolyte materials. EDX analysis validated the presence of Sm and Gd in both single and dual phase electrolyte materials; also confirming the presence of amorphous Na2CO3 in SDCC and GDCC. From TGA analysis a steep weight loss is observed in case of SDCC and GDCC when temperature rises above 725 degC while SDC and GDC do not show any loss. The ionic conductivity and cell performance of single phase SDC and GDC nanocomposite were compared with core sh.
author_names: Muneeb Irshad

Khurram Siraj

Rizwan Raza

Fayyaz Javed

Muhammad Tayyab Ahsan

Imran Shakir

Muhammad Rafique
title: High performance of SDC and GDC core shell type composite electrolytes using methane as a fuel for low temperature SOFC
year: 2016

author_names: Chima Benjamin Njoku

Bernard Omondi

Patrick Gathura Ndungu
title: Physical chemical properties of Ce08Sm02Ir yCo1 yO3 o (y 0.03 0.04) and preliminary testing as cathode material for low temperature SOFC
year: 2017

abstract: Ni YSZ (yttria stabilized zirconia) cermets are known to be very good anodes in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) which are typically operated at 700 1000 degC. However, they are expected to be increasingly degraded as the operating temperature is lowered in the presence of H2S (5 10 ppm) in the H2 fuel stream. However, at 500 to 600 degC, a temperature range rarely examined for sulphur poisoning, but of great interest for next generation SOFCs, we report that H2S exposed Ni YSZ anodes are catalytic towards the H2 oxidation reaction, rather than poisoned. By analogy with bulk Ni3S2/YSZ anodes, shown previously to enhance H2 oxidation kinetics, it is proposed that a thin layer of Ni sulphide, akin to Ni3S2, is forming, at least at the triple point boundary (TPB) region under our conditions. To explain why Ni3S2/YSZ is so active, it is shown from density functional theory (DFT) calculations that the O(2 anions at the Ni3S2/YSZ TPB are more reactive towards hydrogen oxidation than is O(2 at the Ni/YSZ TPB. This is accounted for primarily by structural transformations of Ni3S2 during H2 oxidation, rather than by the electronic properties of this interface. To understand why a thin layer of Ni3S2 could form when a single monolayer of sulphur on the Ni surface is the predicted surface phase under our conditions, it is possible that the reaction of H2 with O(2 forming water, prevents sulphur from re equilibrating to H2S. This may then promote Ni sulphide formation, at least in the TPB region.
author_names: Lisa Deleebeeck

Maxim Shishkin

Paul Kwadwo Addo

Scott C Paulson

Hebert Molero

Tom Ziegler

Viola Ingrid Birss
title: Activation of H(2) oxidation at sulphur exposed Ni surfaces under low temperature SOFC conditions.
venue: Physical chemistry chemical physics PCCP
year: 2014

abstract: This paper describes the fabrication and investigation of morphologically stable model electrode structures with well defined and sharp platinum/yttria stabilized zirconia YSZ interfaces to study geometric effects at triple phase boundaries TPBs. A nanosphere patterning technique using monodispersed silica nanoparticles, which are applied to the YSZ surface by the Langmuir Blodgett method, is employed to deposit nonporous platinum electrodes containing close packed arrays of circular openings 300 400 nm in diameter through which the underlying YSZ surface is exposed to the gas phase. These nanostructured dense Pt array cathodes exhibited better structural integrity and thermal stability at the solid oxide fuel cell SOFC operating temperature of 450 500degC when compared to porous sputtered Pt electrodes. More importantly, electrochemical studies on geometrically well defined Pt/YSZ sharp interfaces demonstrated that the cathode impedance and cell performance both scale almost linearly with the aerial density of TPB length. These controlled experiments also demonstrated that when normalized with respect to TPB length, the performance of different cells with different TBP densities agree well each other, indicating that TPB length governs cell performance especially in the activation polarization regime, as expected. Cells with a higher TPB density achieved better fuel cell performance in terms of higher power density and lower electrode impedance. (c) 2010 The Electrochemical Society. DOI: 10.1149/1.3455046 All rights reserved.
author_names: Young-Beom Kim

Ching-Mei Hsu

Stephen T Connor

Turgut M Gur

Yi Cui

Fritz B Prinz
title: Nanopore Patterned Pt Array Electrodes for Triple Phase Boundary Study in Low Temperature SOFC
year: 2010

abstract: In recent years, ceria based composites (CBCs) have been developed as electrolytes for low temperature solid oxide fuel cells. These materials exhibit extremely high ionic conductivities at 400 600 degrees C. It has also been found that both oxide ion and proton can be conducted in the CBC electrolytes, which makes such co ionic conducting fuel cell distinct from any other types of fuel cells. In this study, a model involving three charge carriers (oxide ion, proton, and electron) is developed to describe the fuel cell with CBC electrolytes. Various operating characteristics of the fuel cell with CBC electrolytes are investigated, compared to those of the fuel cell with doped ceria electrolytes. The results indicate that the CBC electrolyte behaves as a pure ionic conductor, the cell is more efficient, and a higher output is expected at low temperatures under the same pressure operation than that of the cell with doped ceria electrolytes. [DOI: 10.1115/1.2971173] (Less)
author_names: Jianbing Trumbull Huang

Jinliang Yuan

Zongqiang Mao

Bengt Sunden
title: Analysis and Modeling of Novel Low Temperature SOFC With a Co Ionic Conducting Ceria Based Composite Electrolyte
year: 2010

author_names: Young-Beom Kim

Turgut M Gur

Fritz B Prinz
title: Effect of Doped Ceria Interlayer on Low Temperature SOFC Performance
year: 2011

abstract: In this research the microstructure {leftrightarrow} property relations in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC's) are being studied to better understand the mechanisms involved in cell performance. The overall aim is to fabricate SOFC's with controlled, stable, high performance microstructure. Most cathode studies were completed in the last DOE contract; studies during this year focused more on the influence of nonstoichiometry on the electrical performance. Studies indicate that nonstoichiometric La{sub x}Sr{sub 0.20}MnO{sub 3}(x 0.70, 0.75, and 0.79) cathode compositions exhibit the best properties. A series of studies using these compositions fired on at temperatures of 1100, 1200, 1300 and 1400 C were performed. In all instances, 1200 C was the optimum, with the x 0.70 composition being the best. It has an overpotential of only 0.04V at 1 A/cm{sup 2} SEM analyses indicated no second phases or interdiffusion is detectable. Studies on optimization of anode compositions yielded the optimum volume fraction of Ni (45vol% the best sintering temperature/time (1400 C/2 h) and the best starting materials (glycine nitrate derived NiO and normal YSZ) In essence these results simply reflect the optimum microstructure. As such, they are being used to guide the development of optimized anodes for lower temperature operation based on Cu/CeO{sub 2} cermets. Marked success has been achieved on the placement of thin YSZ electrolytes on porous Ni/YSZ electrodes. The process being used is a transfer technique in which dense YSZ films are initially fabricated on NaCl or polymeric substrates, followed by partial dissolution of the substrate and placement of the film on the porous substrate. This technique has allowed us to produce structures with film thicknesses ranging from 70 to 3000 nm, and grain sizes ranging from 2 to 300 nm. Cells based on electrolytes this thick should operate in the 400 700 C range.
author_names: Wayne Huebner

Harlan U Anderson
title: ANODE, CATHODE AND THIN FILM STUDIES FOR LOW TEMPERATURE SOFC'S
year: 1999