Search query: The chemistry of two-dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets. Nature chemistry

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abstract: Ultrathin two dimensional nanosheets of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are fundamentally and technologically intriguing. In contrast to the graphene sheet, they are chemically versatile. Mono or few layered TMDs obtained either through exfoliation of bulk materials or bottom up syntheses are direct gap semiconductors whose bandgap energy, as well as carrier type (n or p type) varies between compounds depending on their composition, structure and dimensionality. In this Review, we describe how the tunable electronic structure of TMDs makes them attractive for a variety of applications. They have been investigated as chemically active electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and hydrosulfurization, as well as electrically active materials in opto electronics. Their morphologies and properties are also useful for energy storage applications such as electrodes for Li ion batteries and supercapacitors.
author_names: Manish Chhowalla

Hyeon Suk Shin

Goki Eda

Lain-Jong Li

Kian Ping Loh

Hua Zhang
title: The chemistry of two dimensional layered transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets.
venue: Nature chemistry
year: 2013

abstract: Ultrathin two dimensional (2D) nanosheets of layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) such as MoS2, TiS2, TaS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2, etc. are emerging as a class of key materials in chemistry and electronics due to their intriguing chemical and electronic properties. The ability to prepare these TMD nanosheets in high yield and large scale via various methods has led to increasing studies on their hybridization with other materials to create novel functional composites, aiming to engineer their chemical, physical and electronic properties and thus achieve good performance for some specific applications. In this critical review, we will introduce the recent progress in hybrid nanoarchitectures based on 2D TMD nanosheets. Their synthetic strategies, properties and applications are systematically summarized and discussed, with emphasis on those new appealing structures, properties and functions. In addition, we will also give some perspectives on the challenges and opportunities in this promising research area.
author_names: Chaoliang Tan

Hua Zhang
title: Two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheet based composites.
venue: Chemical Society reviews
year: 2015

abstract: Recently there have been many research breakthroughs in two dimensional (2D) materials including graphene, boron nitride (h BN) black phosphors (BPs) and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) The unique electrical, optical, and thermal properties in 2D materials are associated with their strictly defined low dimensionalities. These materials provide a wide range of basic building blocks for next generation electronics. The chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technique has shown great promise to generate high quality TMDC layers with scalable size, controllable thickness, and excellent electronic properties suitable for both technological applications and fundamental sciences. The capability to precisely engineer 2D materials by chemical approaches has also given rise to fascinating new physics, which could lead to exciting new applications. In this Review, we introduce the latest development of TMDC synthesis by CVD approaches and provide further insight for the controllable and reliable synthesis of atomically thin TMDCs. Understanding of the vapor phase growth mechanism of 2D TMDCs could benefit the formation of complicated heterostructures and novel artificial 2D lattices.
author_names: Henan Li

Ying Li

Areej Aljarb

Yumeng Shi

Lain-Jong Li
title: Epitaxial Growth of Two Dimensional Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Growth Mechanism, Controllability, and Scalability.
venue: Chemical reviews
year: 2018

abstract: The remarkable properties of graphene have renewed interest in inorganic, two dimensional materials with unique electronic and optical attributes. Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are layered materials with strong in plane bonding and weak out of plane interactions enabling exfoliation into two dimensional layers of single unit cell thickness. Although TMDCs have been studied for decades, recent advances in nanoscale materials characterization and device fabrication have opened up new opportunities for two dimensional layers of thin TMDCs in nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. TMDCs such as MoS(2) MoSe(2) WS(2) and WSe(2) have sizable bandgaps that change from indirect to direct in single layers, allowing applications such as transistors, photodetectors and electroluminescent devices. We review the historical development of TMDCs, methods for preparing atomically thin layers, their electronic and optical properties, and prospects for future advances in electronics and optoelectronics.
author_names: Qing Hua Wang

Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh

Andras Kis

Jonathan N Coleman

Michael S Strano
title: Electronics and optoelectronics of two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides.
venue: Nature nanotechnology
year: 2012

abstract: Layered compounds such as MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, TaSe2, NbSe2, NiTe2, BN, and Bi2Te3 are exfoliated by sonication of powders of the materials in a number of solvents with varying surface tensions and deposited as individual flakes or formed into films.
author_names: Jonathan N Coleman
title: Two Dimensional Nanosheets Produced by Liquid Exfoliation of Layered Materials.
year: 2011

abstract: Two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) an emerging family of layered materials, have provided researchers a fertile ground for harvesting fundamental science and emergent applications. TMDs can contain a number of different structural defects in their crystal lattices which significantly alter their physico chemical properties. Having structural defects can be either detrimental or beneficial, depending on the targeted application. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of structural defects is required. Here we review different defects in semiconducting TMDs by summarizing: (i) the dimensionalities and atomic structures of defects; (ii) the pathways to generating structural defects during and after synthesis and, (iii) the effects of having defects on the physico chemical properties and applications of TMDs. Thus far, significant progress has been made, although we are probably still witnessing the tip of the iceberg. A better understanding and control of defects is important in order to move forward the field of Defect Engineering in TMDs. Finally, we also provide our perspective on the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field.
author_names: Zhong Lin

Bruno R Carvalho

Ethan Kahn

Ruitao Lv

Rahul Rao

Humberto Terrones

Marcos A Pimenta

Mauricio Terrones
title: Defect engineering of two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
year: 2016

abstract: THE standard text books in advanced inorganic chemistry at the service of past generations presented the reader with, a gigantic jumble of disconnected data. One great unifying principle the periodic classification of the elements was indeed recognized; but it was admittedly riddled with exceptions. Small wonder that the majority of students, on reaching the research stage, preferred the severely systematic field of organic chemistry; order is always more attractive than chaos.Inorganic ChemistryBy Fritz Ephraim. English edition by Dr. P. C. L. Thorne and Dr. E. R. Roberts. Fourth edition, revised. Pp. xii 922. (London and Edinburgh: Gurney and Jackson, Ltd. 1943. 28s. net.
author_names: James I Kendall
title: Inorganic Chemistry
venue: Nature
year: 1944

abstract: We report free standing atomic crystals that are strictly 2D and can be viewed as individual atomic planes pulled out of bulk crystals or as unrolled single wall nanotubes. By using micromechanical cleavage, we have prepared and studied a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides. These atomically thin sheets (essentially gigantic 2D molecules unprotected from the immediate environment) are stable under ambient conditions, exhibit high crystal quality, and are continuous on a macroscopic scale.
author_names: Kostya S Novoselov

Da Jiang

Fred Schedin

Timothy J Booth

V V Khotkevich

S V Morozov

Andre K Geim
title: Two dimensional atomic crystals.
venue: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
year: 2005

abstract: Two dimensional (2D) layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a fascinating class of nanomaterials that have the potential for application in catalysis, electronics, photonics, energy storage, and sensing. TMDs are rather inert, and thus pose problems for chemical derivatization. However, to further modify the properties of TMDs and fully harness their capabilities, routes towards their chemical functionalization must be identified. Herein, recent efforts toward the chemical (bond forming) functionalization of 2D TMDs are critically reviewed. Recent successes are highlighted, along with areas where further detailed analyses and experimentation are required. This burgeoning field is very much in its infancy but has already provided several important breakthroughs.
author_names: Xu-Dong Chen

Aidan R McDonald
title: Functionalization of Two Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.
venue: Advanced materials
year: 2016

abstract: In this report, we have developed a rapid and versatile ultrasonication enhanced lithium intercalation (ULI) method to prepare single layer transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets (TMDC NSs, including MoS2, WS2, and TiS2) by using n butyllithium (n BuLi)
author_names: Lihui Yuwen

Huan Yu

Xiangrong Yang

Jiajia Zhou

Qi-ming Zhang

Yuqian Zhang

Zhimin Luo

Shao Su

Lianhui Wang
title: Rapid preparation of single layer transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets via ultrasonication enhanced lithium intercalation.
venue: Chemical communications
year: 2016