Taxpayer Alert TA 2002/8: Mutual associations - deductibility of contributions and derivation of income (volume allowances)
Date of issue: 17 October 2002
Status: Current


Description: This Taxpayer Alert describes an arrangement where a retailer directs money received by way of volume allowances (or rebates) receivable from a wholesaler to a company said to be a mutual association. The retailer then claims deductions for the redirected volume allowances as contributions. The contributions are in excess of the expenditure incurred by the mutual association, and it is said the surplus can be returned to the members tax free. | The alert applies to arrangements having the following features: 1. The establishment of a company said to be a mutual association with retailers as members. 2. The mutual association (a 'banner company') carries out marketing, advertising, merchandising and negotiates volume allowances on behalf of the retailers. 3. The company is said to not be a co-operative covered by Division 9 of Part III of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936). 4. The payment of monthly member contributions by the retailers to the company. 5. The redirection of volume allowances derived by the retailers so that they are paid directly from the wholesaler to the company as additional contributions by the retailers. 6. The return of surpluses of contributions over the company's expenditure to the retailer, in proportion to the volume allowance attributable to the retailer, on a regular basis. 7. The arrangements are typically marketed as a 'tax free income' scheme. 8. The arrangement differs from most bona fide mutual arrangements, because of the regular distributions of surpluses to members and the lack of parity between the contributions of members and the company's anticipated expenditure. | 1. The establishment of a company said to be a mutual association with retailers as members. 2. The mutual association (a 'banner company') carries out marketing, advertising, merchandising and negotiates volume allowances on behalf of the retailers. 3. The company is said to not be a co-operative covered by Division 9 of Part III of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1936 (ITAA 1936). 4. The payment of monthly member contributions by the retailers to the company. 5. The redirection of volume allowances derived by the retailers so that they are paid directly from the wholesaler to the company as additional contributions by the retailers. 6. The return of surpluses of contributions over the company's expenditure to the retailer, in proportion to the volume allowance attributable to the retailer, on a regular basis. 7. The arrangements are typically marketed as a 'tax free income' scheme. 8. The arrangement differs from most bona fide mutual arrangements, because of the regular distributions of surpluses to members and the lack of parity between the contributions of members and the company's anticipated expenditure. | The ATO has previously issued favourable private binding rulings in respect of one arrangement having these features. However, following a recent high level review of these kinds of arrangements, the ATO considers that they have taxation features that are questionable. That review is the source of this alert. | This alert does not disturb different arrangements involving mutual associations that the ATO has previously ruled on in private or public rulings. | (a) The arrangement raises issues about whether the purported mutual association is in fact a mutual association. The company may be carrying on business of trading with its members. If so, the amounts received by the purported mutual association are derived by it as assessable income. This raises questions about the application of Division 9 of Part III of the ITAA 1936 to the company. (b) The arrangement is said to give the retailers a deduction for their contributions, including the redirected volume allowances, to the purported mutual association. There are questions about the deductibility of payments to a mutual association, under in particular section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. The mutuality principle established that one cannot make a profit out of themselves. This raises the question as to whether one can make a loss from themselves. (c) The arrangement is said to have the effect that distributions by the purported mutual association are not assessable income of the members to whom it is distributed. However, the distributions may be dividends to which section 44 of the ITAA 1936 applies, or otherwise assessable income. (d) The retailers derive the volume allowances as assessable income. (e) The arrangement raises questions about the application of the anti-avoidance provisions of Part IVA of the ITAA 1936. | (a) The arrangement raises issues about whether the purported mutual association is in fact a mutual association. The company may be carrying on business of trading with its members. If so, the amounts received by the purported mutual association are derived by it as assessable income. This raises questions about the application of Division 9 of Part III of the ITAA 1936 to the company. (b) The arrangement is said to give the retailers a deduction for their contributions, including the redirected volume allowances, to the purported mutual association. There are questions about the deductibility of payments to a mutual association, under in particular section 8-1 of the ITAA 1997. The mutuality principle established that one cannot make a profit out of themselves. This raises the question as to whether one can make a loss from themselves. (c) The arrangement is said to have the effect that distributions by the purported mutual association are not assessable income of the members to whom it is distributed. However, the distributions may be dividends to which section 44 of the ITAA 1936 applies, or otherwise assessable income. (d) The retailers derive the volume allowances as assessable income. (e) The arrangement raises questions about the application of the anti-avoidance provisions of Part IVA of the ITAA 1936. | The Australian Taxation Office is examining these arrangements.





Related documents: TR 2004/5. | PS 2001/15 - Taxpayer Alerts | ITAA 1997 Section 8-1 | ITAA 1936 Division 9 of Part III | ITAA 1936 Part IVA | ITAA 1936 Section 44

Large Business & International