PCG 2019/8: ATO compliance approach to GST apportionment of acquisitions that relate to certain financial supplies
Document type: Final PCG
Status: Current
Date of issue: 18 December 2019
Date of effect: 1 January 2020

1. This Guideline outlines our compliance approach for GST apportionment of acquisitions that relate to certain financial supplies. This Guideline sets out the framework we use to assess the risk associated with methods to determine the extent of creditable purpose (ECP) [1] of these acquisitions under the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Act 1999 . [2] 2. If this Guideline applies to you, it applies to acquisitions that relate to making the financial supplies covered by the Schedules [3] in the ordinary course of business. 3. This Guideline reflects our expectations for the design of an apportionment method for these acquisitions. We recognise that flexibility is required in practice, as your individual circumstances (such as your business structure and how your cost allocation system operates) will affect how the principles are implemented. 4. We use the risk assessment framework in this Guideline and the accompanying Schedules to tailor our engagement with you having regard to your risk rating. 5. You can use this Guideline to: 6. We are committed to working with you to assist you to obtain confidence about your approach and minimise your compliance risk in this area. If you are unsure about how we would assess the risk associated with your approach or would like certainty in relation to your arrangements, you should contact us for assistance. 7. This Guideline is not intended to address every potential feature of an apportionment method or variation in individual circumstances noting, in particular: 8. The apportionment methods set out in this Guideline are for risk assessment purposes only, and should not be taken as a requirement to use a specific method. Methods or examples provided in this Guideline must be considered in their entirety, as the absence of some elements or the presence of additional elements may change your risk rating. 9. This Guideline does not limit the operation of the law, and it does not replace, alter or affect our interpretation of the law in any way. [5] It does not relieve you of your legal obligation to comply with all relevant tax laws. 10. In this Guideline, we refer to 'relevant support area costs in other business units'. These are acquisitions that are not allocated to the business unit that makes a financial supply (such as the credit card issuing business), but that are to some extent for use in making the supply. [6] For example, in relation to Schedule 1 of this Guideline, this includes acquisitions in other business units that relate to particular supplies in the credit card issuing business (for example, a proportion of marketing, technology or customer service costs), overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in the credit card issuing business, or enterprise costs to the extent they relate to making supplies in the credit card issuing business. [7] 11. This Guideline relates to determining the intended use of your acquisitions under Divisions 11, 15, 70, 72 and 84. While this Guideline does not address adjustments for the change in use of an acquisition under Division 129, we would expect you to use the same method that you used to determine intended use for these purposes. Who this Guideline applies to 12. This Guideline applies to you if you make financial supplies that are covered by the accompanying Schedules. 13. This Guideline applies to you in relation to all acquisitions that relate to making these supplies (including relevant support area costs in other business units). 14. This Guideline will not address how you identify which acquisitions are subject to a particular Schedule (for example, how to determine the extent to which acquisitions are for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business). We would expect your identification of these acquisitions to follow your natural cost allocation or accounting systems (for example, in identifying the proportion of support area costs in other business units that are for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business). We would also expect that any changes in the way you allocate your costs would be in response to business changes. Changes in cost allocation for reasons unrelated to business changes are likely to be subject to compliance activity. 15. Consistent with GSTR 2006/3, we accept that you do not necessarily need to give specific consideration to the status of each individual acquisition. In this context, we accept that you can take an approach where you identify and analyse acquisitions of a particular type that have a similar intended use (for example, the part of your debt collection costs that relate to making particular financial supplies) and treat them in the same way. 16. This Guideline does not apply to you if you have little or no access to direct estimation methods, and as a consequence you do not use direct estimation methods to allocate or apportion any of your acquisitions to particular business units (for example, a credit card issuing business) or products and/or particular supplies. [8] 17. For example, this Guideline does not apply to you if you are a smaller financial institution that uses an entity-based general formula for apportionment of all your acquisitions provided that this is in accordance with GSTR 2006/3. [9] 18. If this Guideline does not apply to you, a review may be undertaken under our usual compliance programs in order to determine whether your method is fair and reasonable in accordance with GSTR 2006/3. Structure of this Guideline 19. We may add additional Schedules to this Guideline to address other specific contexts in the future. We will consult publicly in respect of any additional Schedules. 20. This Guideline is structured as follows: 21. You will need to read the main body and the Schedule in conjunction to determine your risk rating for that Schedule.

Scope: 35. This Schedule applies to you if you issue credit cards or charge cards in a four-party (open loop) payment system. [13] 36. This Schedule applies to all acquisitions that are for use or partly for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business, regardless of where they are allocated in your cost allocation system. 37. The Commissioner's views on the application of paragraph 11-15(2)(a) to acquisitions that relate to making these supplies are set out in GSTR 2019/2.


Intro: This Practical Compliance Guideline sets out a practical administration approach to assist taxpayers in complying with relevant tax laws. Provided you follow this Guideline in good faith, the Commissioner will administer the law in accordance with this approach .

Example 1: green zone 39. Verdant Bank's ECP rate is no more than 35%, as a weighted average, which is applied to: 40. As the ECP rate used is no more than 35% as a weighted average for all acquisitions to the extent they are for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business (including acquisitions in relevant support areas in other business units), Verdant Bank is in the green zone. 41. As Verdant Bank is in the green zone we will not apply compliance resources to assess if the apportionment methodology is fair and reasonable. 42. In addition, Verdant Bank also claims reduced input tax credits on the relevant acquisitions to the extent it is entitled to do so. | Example 2: blue zone 43. Cyan Bank undertakes an analysis of the acquisitions that are for use or partly for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business (including in relevant support areas in other business units) over the previous 12 months. 44. In this case, Cyan Bank only has a few bank branches, so a higher proportion of its acquisitions relate to both the supply of the credit card facility and the supply of interchange services. 45. Cyan Bank's analysis is as follows: These acquisitions include a proportion of branch network costs and call centre costs, debt collection costs, costs to prepare credit card statements, credit check services, services to facilitate the introduction of new cardholders, and advertising services to sign up new cardholders. [24] Some of these acquisitions are in the business unit for the credit card issuing business, and some are relevant support area costs in other business units. Cyan Bank determines these acquisitions have an ECP rate of 4% by reference to the past usage patterns of its cardholders in accordance with GSTD 2017/1. These acquisitions include loyalty reward costs, issuer scheme services and credit card production services. [25] However, in this example, Cyan Bank has an acquiring business, and it determines that 25% of its cardholders' transactions are 'on-us' transactions where it does not make supplies of interchange services. As such, only 75% of these acquisitions would attract the 52% ECP rate. Therefore Cyan Bank determines the ECP rate of the acquisitions is 40% ((75% × 52%) + (25% × 4%)). These acquisitions are partly to manage and operate the credit card facility account (which only relate to the supply of the credit card facility), and partly to process credit card transactions via the payment system (which relate to both supplies). [26] By undertaking an objective assessment of the relevant functions of the applications involved, Cyan Bank determines that 60% of the acquisitions only relate to the supply of the credit card facility and the remaining 40% relate to both supplies. Using the ECP rates of 4% and 40% from the two steps listed, Cyan Bank determines the ECP rate of the acquisitions is 18.4% ((60% × 4%) + (40% × 40%)). 46. To reflect this analysis in its apportionment method, Cyan Bank decides to use separate coding mechanisms to reflect the relevant ECP rate for each of the categories of acquisitions. It will review these coding mechanisms every 12 months (or if material changes occur in its business). 47. Cyan Bank also has acquisitions that are overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in its credit card issuing business or that are enterprise costs (for example, a proportion of rental costs for head office premises or a proportion of marketing costs to promote awareness of the brand of entity) that are identified as being to some extent for use in the credit card issuing business. Using an input based indirect method, Cyan Bank calculates a weighted average ECP of 35.51% based on the acquisitions it has analysed, which it applies to these relevant overheads or enterprise costs. Cyan Bank also treats the small number of relevant acquisitions that it has not analysed in the same way. [27] 48. When calculated across all of the relevant acquisitions, Cyan Bank's method results in a weighted average ECP rate that is above the rate to be in the green zone. However, as Cyan Bank is using a method that meets all of the requirements to be low to moderate risk (this includes that it adjusts for any substantial one-off acquisitions or supplies, and that the apportionment method is documented and supported by an appropriate tax governance framework), it is in the blue zone. 49. In addition, Cyan Bank also claims reduced input tax credits on the relevant acquisitions to the extent it is entitled to do so. | Example 3: blue zone 50. As in Example 2, Cyan Bank undertakes an analysis of acquisitions that are for use or partly for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business (including acquisitions in relevant support areas in other business units) over the previous 12 months. 51. However, in this Example, Cyan Bank decides to use only one ECP rate across all of the relevant acquisitions. Cyan Bank determines a weighted average ECP rate that reflects the analysis of its acquisitions. 52. This analysis can be summarised as follows: 53. Cyan Bank applies the weighted average ECP rate of 35.51% to all of the acquisitions to the extent they are for use in making supplies in the credit card issuing business (including acquisitions in relevant support area costs in other business units). It also applies this rate to acquisitions that are overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in the credit card issuing business or that are enterprise costs which it identifies are to some extent for use in the credit card issuing business (for example, a proportion of rental costs for head office premises or a proportion of marketing costs to promote awareness of the brand of entity). 54. Cyan Bank uses this rate for the next 12-month period before re-testing it to determine a new weighted average ECP rate (assuming no material changes occur in the meantime). Cyan Bank applies this method consistently, using the analysis of the previous 12 months to determine the intended use for the next 12-month period. 55. Cyan Bank's method results in a weighted average ECP rate across all of the relevant acquisitions that are above the rate to be in the green zone. However, as Cyan Bank is using a method that meets all of the requirements to be low to moderate risk (this includes that it adjusts for any substantial one-off acquisitions or supplies, and that the apportionment method is documented and supported by an appropriate tax governance framework), it is in the blue zone. 56. In addition, Cyan Bank also claims reduced input tax credits on the relevant acquisitions to the extent it is entitled to do so. Date of effect 57. This Schedule has effect from the start of your first tax period commencing on or after 1 January 2020. This Schedule was published 18 December 2019 | Example 4: green zone 66. Piccolo Bank is an Australian ADI who supplies transaction accounts, including everyday accounts (which involve it making supplies of interchange services) and online savings accounts (which do not involve it making supplies of interchange services). 67. Piccolo Bank determines that, of the total number of transaction accounts they provide, more than 50% have access methods that, if used by the account holder, involve Piccolo Bank making taxable supplies of interchange services. Piccolo Bank does not need to establish that these interchange services were actually supplied in relation to each transaction account. 68. Piccolo Bank's ECP rate is no more than 20%, as a weighted average, which is applied to acquisitions in: 69. As the ECP rate used is no more than 20% as a weighted average for all acquisitions to the extent they are for use in making supplies in the transaction accounts business (including acquisitions in relevant support areas in other business units) and it meets the other requirements of the green zone, Piccolo Bank is in the green zone. 70. In addition, Piccolo Bank also claims reduced input tax credits on the relevant acquisitions to the extent it is entitled to do so. | Example 5: blue zone 71. Saxon Bank is an Australian ADI who supplies transaction accounts. Saxon Bank undertakes an analysis of the acquisitions that are for use or partly for use in making supplies in the transaction accounts business (including in relevant support areas in other business units) over the previous 12 months. 72. Saxon Bank's natural accounting or cost allocation systems do not separately identify acquisitions to provide accounts that involve them making supplies of interchange services (such as everyday accounts), when compared to other accounts where it does not make supplies of interchange services (such as online savings accounts or term deposits). 73. Saxon Bank's analysis is as follows: Some of these acquisitions are in the business unit for the transaction accounts business, and some are relevant support area costs in other business units. These acquisitions include: Saxon Bank determines these acquisitions have an ECP rate of 1%, using a method which meets the requirements in Step 2 of the blue zone. However, in this Example, Saxon Bank has an acquiring business, and it determines that 25% of its account holders' transactions are on-us transactions where it does not make supplies of interchange services. As such, only 75% of these acquisitions would attract the 50.5% ECP rate. Therefore, for these specific acquisitions, in accordance with Step 4B of the blue zone, Saxon Bank determines that the ECP rate of the acquisitions is 38.13%. Saxon Bank has not identified any other acquisitions it has that relate to both the supply of the transaction account and the supply of interchange services (except for overheads or enterprise costs), so it does not need to apply Step 4E of the blue zone. 74. Saxon Bank also has acquisitions that are overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in its transaction accounts business or that are enterprise costs (for example, a proportion of rental costs for head office premises or a proportion of marketing costs to promote awareness of the brand of the entity) that are identified as being to some extent for use in the transaction accounts business. 75. To reflect the analysis of its acquisitions in its apportionment method, Saxon Bank decides to determine a weighted average ECP rate, which it will then use across all of the relevant acquisitions. [46] 76. This analysis can be summarised as follows: 77. Saxon Bank applies the weighted average ECP rate of 21.89% to all of the acquisitions to the extent they are for use in making supplies in the transaction accounts business (including acquisitions in relevant support area costs in other business units). It also applies this rate to acquisitions that are overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in the transaction accounts business or that are enterprise costs which it identifies are to some extent for use in the transaction accounts business. 78. Saxon Bank uses this rate for the next 12-month period before re-testing it to determine a new weighted average ECP rate (assuming no material changes occur in the meantime). Saxon Bank applies this method consistently, using the analysis of the previous 12 months to determine the intended use for the next 12-month period. 79. Saxon Bank's method results in a weighted average ECP rate across all of the relevant acquisitions that is above the rate to be in the green zone. However, as Saxon Bank is using a method that meets all of the requirements to be low to moderate risk (including adjusting for any substantial one-off acquisitions or supplies, and that the apportionment method is documented and supported by an appropriate tax governance framework), it is in the blue zone. 80. In addition, Saxon Bank also claims reduced input tax credits on the relevant acquisitions to the extent it is entitled to do so. Date of effect 81. This Schedule has effect from the start of your first tax period commencing on or after 1 October 2020. This Schedule was published 25 September 2020 | Example 5: blue zone 71. Saxon Bank is an Australian ADI who supplies transaction accounts. Saxon Bank undertakes an analysis of the acquisitions that are for use or partly for use in making supplies in the transaction accounts business (including in relevant support areas in other business units) over the previous 12 months. 72. Saxon Bank's natural accounting or cost allocation systems do not separately identify acquisitions to provide accounts that involve them making supplies of interchange services (such as everyday accounts), when compared to other accounts where it does not make supplies of interchange services (such as online savings accounts or term deposits). 73. Saxon Bank's analysis is as follows: Some of these acquisitions are in the business unit for the transaction accounts business, and some are relevant support area costs in other business units. These acquisitions include: Saxon Bank determines these acquisitions have an ECP rate of 1%, using a method which meets the requirements in Step 2 of the blue zone. However, in this Example, Saxon Bank has an acquiring business, and it determines that 25% of its account holders' transactions are on-us transactions where it does not make supplies of interchange services. As such, only 75% of these acquisitions would attract the 50.5% ECP rate. Therefore, for these specific acquisitions, in accordance with Step 4B of the blue zone, Saxon Bank determines that the ECP rate of the acquisitions is 38.13%. Saxon Bank has not identified any other acquisitions it has that relate to both the supply of the transaction account and the supply of interchange services (except for overheads or enterprise costs), so it does not need to apply Step 4E of the blue zone. 74. Saxon Bank also has acquisitions that are overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in its transaction accounts business or that are enterprise costs (for example, a proportion of rental costs for head office premises or a proportion of marketing costs to promote awareness of the brand of the entity) that are identified as being to some extent for use in the transaction accounts business. 75. To reflect the analysis of its acquisitions in its apportionment method, Saxon Bank decides to determine a weighted average ECP rate, which it will then use across all of the relevant acquisitions. [46] 76. This analysis can be summarised as follows: 77. Saxon Bank applies the weighted average ECP rate of 21.89% to all of the acquisitions to the extent they are for use in making supplies in the transaction accounts business (including acquisitions in relevant support area costs in other business units). It also applies this rate to acquisitions that are overheads that indirectly relate to all the supplies made in the transaction accounts business or that are enterprise costs which it identifies are to some extent for use in the transaction accounts business. 78. Saxon Bank uses this rate for the next 12-month period before re-testing it to determine a new weighted average ECP rate (assuming no material changes occur in the meantime). Saxon Bank applies this method consistently, using the analysis of the previous 12 months to determine the intended use for the next 12-month period. 79. Saxon Bank's method results in a weighted average ECP rate across all of the relevant acquisitions that is above the rate to be in the green zone. However, as Saxon Bank is using a method that meets all of the requirements to be low to moderate risk (including adjusting for any substantial one-off acquisitions or supplies, and that the apportionment method is documented and supported by an appropriate tax governance framework), it is in the blue zone. 80. In addition, Saxon Bank also claims reduced input tax credits on the relevant acquisitions to the extent it is entitled to do so. Date of effect 81. This Schedule has effect from the start of your first tax period commencing on or after 1 October 2020. This Schedule was published 25 September 2020



What this Guideline is about | The green zone limitations | When you will be in the white zone | When to self-assess your risk rating and report it to the ATO | Transitioning your arrangements | SCHEDULE 1 - Credit cards | SCHEDULE 2 - Transaction accounts | 22. This Guideline has effect from the start of your first tax period commencing on or after 1 January 2020. [10] | 23. Each Schedule may have effect from a different date. Where this is the case, the date of effect will be stated in the relevant Schedule. | 24. The use and application of this Guideline will be under review following its finalisation. Any revisions will be made at the end of an initial three-year review period or on an 'as necessary' basis. In particular, where a particular ECP rate is used as part of our risk assessment framework, we will review this rate regularly in line with industry developments. We will consult with impacted stakeholders in relation to proposed material changes. | 25. The risk assessment framework in this Guideline is made up of five zones. Where this Guideline applies, you can expect the following engagement from us depending on your risk zone: | Self-assessment of risk level unnecessary | No review other than to confirm ongoing consistency with the agreed/determined approach. | We will generally only apply compliance resources to confirm you meet the requirements for this risk rating. | We may undertake compliance activity to gain assurance that you fall within this zone or to address exceptional circumstances. | We may undertake compliance activity to review or test your approach. | We will work with you to understand and resolve any areas of difference. | Reviews are likely to be commenced as a matter of priority. | The green zone limitations: 26. Where the risk assessment framework in a Schedule provides that you will be in the green zone if you do not exceed a particular ECP rate (as a weighted average across all of the relevant acquisitions), this is subject to the following limitations: | When you will be in the white zone: 27. You will be in the white zone and do not need to consider your risk rating where either: | When to self-assess your risk rating and report it to the ATO: 28. You are able to self-assess your risk rating on an annual basis if there have been no changes in your apportionment methodology during the year. For Schedules that commence on 1 January 2020, we would expect you to self-assess your risk rating for the period 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020. For Schedules that commence on 1 October 2020, we would expect you to self-assess your risk rating for the period 1 October 2020 to 31 December 2020, and then to continue to do so on an annual basis. | 29. If there have been changes in your apportionment methodology during the year, you will need to self-assess the relevant periods separately. If you self-assess as being in the green zone at the start of the year, you will need to self-assess the tax periods where your rate exceeds the green zone rate separately. | 30. We may ask you to tell us in writing whether you have reviewed your risk rating under this Guideline and which risk zone your arrangements fall within. If you are in an annual compliance arrangement, we will expect you to notify us of your risk rating on an annual basis. We will also ask you to tell us your ECP rate relevant to applicable Schedules and whether there have been changes to your methodology during the year. | Transitioning your arrangements: 31. We encourage willing and cooperative compliance and recognise that the publication of this Guideline may prompt you to review your apportionment methods. This may cause you to adjust your apportionment methods to come within our green zone prospectively. | 32. For the first six months following the date of effect of a Schedule, you will be in the white zone for that period if: | 33. We will confirm with you whether you meet the requirements to be in the white zone for this transitional period. | 34. If you meet the requirements set out in paragraph 32 of this Guideline, then in respect of the six-month transitional period, we will remit any general interest charge to the base rate and, if any shortfall penalties are imposed, remit those penalties to nil. | Commissioner of Taxation 18 December 2019 | Our risk assessment framework | Our risk assessment framework: 38. Our risk assessment framework is set out as follows: | If you are in the green zone, we will generally only apply compliance resources to confirm you meet the requirements for this risk rating. This means we will not apply compliance resources to consider whether the apportionment method used is fair and reasonable, unless there are exceptional circumstances. | However, if there are 'on-us' transactions where you are both the issuer and acquirer, you do not make supplies of interchange services in relation to these transactions. To take this into account, you treat these acquisitions as only relating to the supply of the credit card facility, to the extent that cardholders' transactions are 'on-us'. | Note: If you are in the red zone, you will not be in the blue zone. | You are in the yellow zone if your rate exceeds the rate stipulated in the green zone and you are not in either the blue or red zone. | Acquisitions that only relate to the supply of the credit card facility | Acquisitions that relate to both the supply of the credit card facility and the supply of interchange services. | Acquisitions that are processing services used in the credit card issuing business | Scope of this Schedule: 58. This Schedule applies to you if you are an Australian authorised deposit-taking institution (ADI) that supplies an interest in or under an account covered by table item 1 in subsection 40-5.09(3) of the A New Tax System (Goods and Services Tax) Regulations 2019 (GST Regulations). This includes accounts such as everyday, savings, cheque, deposit or transaction accounts, including online savings accounts and term deposits, and accounts that also have overdraft facilities or that have become overdrawn. [28] | 59. However, this Schedule does not apply to you if you do not make taxable supplies of interchange services in relation to scheme debit, EFTPOS or BPAY transactions under any of the transaction accounts you provide. If you do make taxable supplies of interchange services in relation to some or all of your accounts, then this Schedule applies to all of your transaction accounts (including those that do not involve you making supplies of interchange services). | 60. This Schedule does not apply to the following accounts that are covered by table item 1 in subsection 40-5.09(3) of the GST Regulations: | 61. The supply of an interest in or under an account that this Schedule applies to will be referred to as the supply of a 'transaction account'. | 62. This Schedule applies to all acquisitions that are for use, or partly for use, in making supplies of transaction accounts, regardless of where they are allocated in your cost allocation system. | 63. However, acquisitions that relate to automatic teller machines (ATMs) are excluded from this Schedule. The only exception to this is where you decide to treat these acquisitions as being within scope of this Schedule for the purposes of the green zone. In all other cases, your apportionment of these acquisitions (including any specific apportionment methodology applied to the ATM acquisitions) may be subject to review to determine if the method used is fair and reasonable. | 64. The Commissioner's views on the application of paragraph 11-15(2)(a) to acquisitions that relate to making these supplies are set out in Goods and Services Tax Ruling GSTR 2020/1 Goods and services tax: determining the creditable purpose of acquisitions in relation to transaction accounts. | Our risk assessment framework: 65. Our risk assessment framework is set out as follows: | This weighted average applies across all acquisitions including those that relate to accounts that involve the making of supplies of interchange services (such as everyday accounts) and those that relate to accounts that do not involve supplies of interchange services (such as online savings accounts and term deposits). This is the case regardless of whether your natural cost allocation or accounting systems separately identify the costs to provide different types of account. [29] | You can choose to treat acquisitions that relate to ATMs as though they are within the scope of this Schedule for the purposes of the green zone. | However, you are only eligible to use the green zone if more than 50% of the total number of transaction accounts you provide have access methods that, if used by the account holder, would involve you making taxable supplies of interchange services. | You are in the blue zone if your ECP rate exceeds the rate stated in the green zone, and your method meets all of the following requirements: | Acquisitions that only relate to the supply of the transaction account | Specified acquisitions that relate to both the financial supply of transaction accounts and the taxable supply of interchange services | Schedule 2 finalised following consultation. | Previously released in draft format as PCG 2019/D7 | Related Rulings/Determinations: GSTD 2020/1 GSTD 2017/1 GSTR 2020/1 GSTR 2019/2 GSTR 2004/1 GSTR 2006/3 GSTR 2008/1 PCG 2017/15

Related rulings and determinations: GSTD 2017/1 | GSTD 2020/1 | GSTR 2004/1 | GSTR 2006/3 | GSTR 2008/1 | GSTR 2019/2 | GSTR 2020/1
Legislative references: ANTS(GST)A 1999 11-15(2)(a) ANTS(GST)A 1999 38-190(1) ANTS(GST)A 1999 79-20(2) ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 11 ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 15 ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 70 ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 72 ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 84 ANTS(GST)A 1999 Div 129 ANTS(GST)R 2019 40-5.09(3)
Other references: GST governance and record keeping